Leidsid 33 sarnast õppematerjali, mis on seotud failiga "Native Americans". Need materjalid aitavad sul teemat sügavamalt mõista.
moon, corn, spirit, fire, dance, east, river, sacred, nation, land, north, other, live, medicine, green, child, direction, chief, indian, south, reed, festival, tribe, peace, priest, round, west, around, mother, women, children, meat, village, stone, wood, hair, flat, light, important, moved, good, member, chiefs, little, pipe, spiritual, beginningCaptain James Cook set the colonization of Australia into motion by exploring and mapping the fertile eastern coast of Australia, but he was not the first to visit Australia. There is evidence suggesting Aborigines in northern Australia maintained trade with some of the Indonesian islands closest to the coast. Chinese and Arab's may have had contact with the Aborigines in the 15th century. When British people came to live in Australia, they decided that the land was empty, that there were no people living there. This was called "Terra nullius", Latin words for "empty land".Under British law, all land belongs to the king,who is then able to sell it to other people. The sacred sites and other land which had belonged to aboriginal people for thousands of years were simply taken from them. If they did not leave peacefully then the new settlers used force to get them to leave. Many aboriginal people were killed during the settlement of Australia
Notions for The New World Native Americans Origin of Native Americans Nearly one-third of Native American genes come from west Eurasian people linked to the Middle East and Europe, rather than entirely from East Asians as previously thought, according to a newly sequenced genome. Native peoples of North and South America descended from ancestors who arrived via land bridges from East Asia, possibly in a single migration. Different tribes and their way of life The men were hunters, warriors, and protectors, while the women tended to the children, their homes, and farmed. It depended on the tribe when it came to artwork. In some tribes, the men would actually weave baskets and blankets. Natural foods were consumed and hunted. Deer, buffalo, fish, and various birds were the game of choice. Corn, beans, squash, berries, nuts, and melons were the fruits and vegetables
1. What is known about the earliest settlers from Estonia to the territory of the present-day US? *The first immigrants from Estonia in the US = 1627 no trace of the "Estonians and Livonians" who left their homeland to settle at the mouth of the Delaware River (a Swedish colony) · 1654 at least one Estonian in the settlement of New Sweden on the Delaware River Johan Schalbrick, a drummer from Tallinn (Reval) · New Sweden Swedish colony on the Delaware River from 16381655 · 1657 Martinus Hoffman, born in Tallinn (Reval), came to New York (New Amsterdam), started to work as a saddlemaker. · His great-granddaughter Cornelia Hoffmann (b. 1734) married Isaac Roosevelt, which makes her the great-great-grandmother of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, president of the US from 193345. · Hans Rebane = 1897 founded the first Estonian-language newspaper in the US
I Native Americans · Origin of Native Americans Origin is debatable Siberia->Alaska Crossed the land bridge around 14,000 years ago "ice-free corridor" Hunters, searching for fresh grounds · Different tribes and their way of life In tents, dark skin, hair is long, black and straight, women-agriculture, men- hunting. bands(chief. Travelled together) and tribes land was owned by the tribe that occupied it. 200 different tribes Apache- "enemy"- hunted buffalos, oil and natural gas from their land Cherokee- largest tribe Cheyenne- from Minnesota and S & N Dakota. High system of laws
Arhitektuuri- ja keskkonnatehnika teaduskond Õpperühm: TÖ 21A Juhendaja: M.Kala Tallinn 2009 1. Who are bedouins? Bedouins are Arabic speaking nomadic tribes that originate from the Arabian Peninsula (mainly Saudi Arabia) and would travel the desert to locations where they would find drink and food. Sometimes traveling for days before they arrived at their final destinations. Each tribe would have an area of land under their responsibility from which they would make income by allowing travelers and traders to pass through. As knowledgeable guides of the desert they controlled the desert trade routes, and escorted caravans. Table 1. Bedouin Total population Regions Languages Religion Related ethnic groups
3. Relief The USA is situated in the central part of the North American continent. Its western coast is washed by the Pacific Ocean and its eastern coast is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and in the south its coast is washed by the Gulf of Mexico. The coastline is even. There are no big islands belonging to the USA except the Hawaiian Islands which lie halfway the continents of America and Asia. The biggest peninsulas are the Florida Peninsula and Alaska. 4. Land Regions Mountains The Appalachian Mountains are a vast system of North American mountains, partly in Canada, but mostly in the United States, forming a zone, from 100 to 300 miles wide, running from the island of Newfoundland some 150 miles south-westward to central Alabama in the United States. The Rocky Mountains, often called the Rockies, are a broad mountain range in western North America. The Rocky Mountains stretch more than 4800 km. The Rocky Mountain System within
1) INDIAN ROCK ART: A NATIONAL TREASURE IN DANGER Unrecognized, unprotected, this priceless legacy of primitive art has endured the ravages of nature only to fall victim to wanton destruction by ,,civilized" man. Like the huge stone statues of Easter Island and prehistoric cave paintings of Altamira and Lascaux, North American Indian rock art is surrounded by an atmosphere of mystery. Although examples of rock art exist at some 15000 sites in canyons, deserts, caves and river gorges. Nowadays, however, primitive rock art in the United States has become a new field of scientific study. Klaus F Wellmann wrote two books about rock art. He is a professor of medicine. Rock art represents the history of aboriginal Americans. In the most cases the art is an expression of ideas and way of life, ritual ceremonies, hunting, fighting. The pictures of people and animals are often strikingly lifelike and artistic.
Introduction, Location Australia is a country between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. It is the only country in the world that occupies an entire continent. The mainland covers an area of 7.7 million km² and it is about 3700 km from the most northern point to its most southern point and about 4000 km from east to west. There are also many different seas around Australia, like the Coral and the Tasman Seas in the west or the Timor and the Arafura Seas in the north, where the Indian and the Pacific Oceans meet. Because all seas and oceans near Australia are warm, surfing is a very popular hobby. Political subdivision Australia is divided into six states, which are: · New South Wales · Victoria · Queensland · South Australia · Western Australia · Tasmania
Islands which lie halfway the continents of America and Asia. The biggest peninsulas are the Florida Peninsula and Alaska. The United States of America has got three neighbours Mexico in the south, Canada in the north and the world's biggest country Russia just across the Bering Strait. Relief The continental part of the USA consists of two highland and two lowland regions. The highland regions are the Appalachians in the east and the Cordilleras in the west. The Appalachians run parallel to the Atlantic coast from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada; the highest peak is 2000 m high. The Cordilleras run along the Pacific coast with the Sierra Nevada in the south and the Rocky Mountains in the north; the highest peak is Mt. Whitney (4,540 m) in the Sierra Nevada. The Cordilleras are still an active region of the Earth. There are a number of active volcanoes there and often earthquakes shake the land.
MO, AR, KY, TN, IA, IN, WI, OH) NV, CO, WY, WV) UT) natural • difficult to farm • Hudson + • mild weather • fertile soil • dry weather • conditi • no mild climate Delaware rivers has costal areas • flat land • open spaces mountainous ons smallest region region served as • MS river, (deserts) • wilderness no large a bridge between Great Lakes • Grand • rainy (west) expanses North and SOuth Canyon vs dry (east)
They are all small states in the U.S. that lie in the north-east. The first colony of immigrants settled down in Virginia, in the eastern part of the U.S.A. The biggest cities are New York, Washington, Chicago, Los Angeles, San Francisco, etc. The official language of the USA is English; Spanish is also widely spoken. The currency of the USA is the United States Dollar. Lakes and rivers The Mississippi is the major river of North America and the United States. It flows from north-western Minnesota south to the Gulf of Mexico.The western tributaries are the Red River, the Arkansas and the Missouri. The eastern tributaries are the Tennessee and the Ohio. Its name means the Father of Waters in the red Indian. Together with its tributaries it forms 20,000 km of navigable waterways. Other important rivers are the Colorado and the Columbia that flow into the Pacific Ocean, and the Rio Grande
Family and community are very important. The Inuktitut language is still spoken in many areas of the Arctic and is common on radio and in television programming. Changes to Inuit Life during the 20th Century Inuit a century ago lived very differently than Inuit today. Before the 1940s, Inuit had minimal contact with Europeans. Europeans passed through on their way to hunt whales or trade furs but very few of them had any interest in settling down on the frozen land of the Arctic. So the Inuit had the place to themselves. They moved between summer and winter camps to always be living where there were animals to hunt. In winter camps they lived in snow shelters called igloos. In summer camps they lived in tents made of animal skins and bones. But that changed. As World War II ended and the Cold War began, the Arctic became a place where countries that didn't get along were close to each other. The Arctic had always been seen
the Senate (77 members) and the House of Representatives(148 members). Australia's Flag and Coat of Arms. Australia's flag has a Brittish flag, five stars that represent the constellation Southern Cross and a large star for the country's states and territories. The coat of arms features a kangaroo and an emu, golden whattle blossoms, a shield with the coats of arms of the six states of Australia and a star for the states and territories. Landforms Only 5% of the land is above 600 meters. Most of the land is empty. Most of the people live in the south and in east. 2/3 of Australia is a desert with hills and big saltlakes. The biggest deserts are the Great Sandy Desert, the Gibson Desert, the Simpson Desert, The Great Victoria Desert. The biggest mountain ranges are the Great Divining Range, the Australian Alps, the Blue Mountains and the New England Range. The outback is flat and hot centre of Australia. The nearest neighbor may be a hundred kilometers away
Topic Australia Introduction Many people know Australia as the land down under because it is the only continent except for Antarctica that is all on the southern hemisphere. Its name means ,,Southland". The official name of the country is the Commonwealth of Australia. It's capital is Canberra. Australia is the sixth largest country in the world but the smallest continent. Australia has 6 states and 2 territories (New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, Queensland, Western Australia , South Australia, The Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory).
So, Australia is both a country and a continent. If you want to make clear that you are speaking about the country, you may call it the Commonwealth of Australia. It’s the official name of the country. Australia is the smallest continent, but one of the largest countries on Earth. It’s 6th largest country. Its area is about 7.6 million sq km. One third of it is occupied by deserts. It’s both the flattest and, except for Antarctica the driest. Neighbouring countries include Indonesia, East Timor and Papua New Guinea in the north, the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu in the northeast, and New Zealand in the southeast. Its capital is Canberra. Other big cities are Melbourne, Sydney, and Brisbane. National language in Australia is English. Monetary unit is Australian dollar. Their national holiday is on the 26th of January. In 1788 on the 26th of January the first fleet arrived at Botany Bay and established a penal colony near modern-day Sydney. Geographical Position
Australia Fact file: Australia comprises a land area of 7 686 850 square kilometres. Its population is about 21,3 million people. Australia's capital is Canberra. The national language is English. The official name of it is the Commonwealth of Australia. It's divided into six states and two territories: New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Australian Capital Territory (ACT) and Northern Territory. Symbols:
The United States of America. History. For thousands of years America was unknown to Europe. There lived only the native people, who had come from Siberia many thousand years ago by a land bridge. They had spread over the country, varying enormously from nomadic food gatherers to fishing societies. Then the Vikings visited Canada around AD 1000, but they did not stay. In 1492 Christopher Columbus discovered America while trying to reach India. He named the native people Indians, because he though he had reached India. He didn't stay either and in the sixteenth century the first Europeans to settle in America were the Spanish, the English and the French.
What is the origin of the people who live there? Pidgin is a simplified language that is born out of contact (e.g. trade) between speakers who do not speak the same language. The elements of two or more languages coalesce. Creole is a pidgin language that has become the native language of a community. Usually it was a mix of a European and another language. 6. When did most West Indian countries gain independence? In 1804, Haiti became the first Carribean nation to gain independence. In 1844, the Dominician Republic declared its independence from Haiti. Cuba became independent in 1902. Subsequently, the British West Indies became independent, starting with Jamaica, as well as Trinidad and Tobago. 7. What are the main branches of economy in the West Indies? Sugar industry 8. Which styles of music and dance originate in the West Indies? Syncopation and percussion are direct manifestations of African heritage. Limbo was born in Trinidad in mid-C19.
Years 1154-1485 Henry I was the first unquestioned ruler. One of the most important kings in the Middle Ages. He had lands in Britain & France. Then the government was the monarch, a person, not a place. He had more land than any pervious king. After his marriage to Eleanor of Aquitaine, he also ruled the lands south of Anjou. His empire stretched from the Scottish border to the Pyrenees. England provided most of its wealth, but the heart was Anjou. Henry II began to regain royal control. During the war some barons had become very powerful. He pulled down some of their castles. He tried to restore law & order. He wanted the same kind of justice to be used everywhere. He appointed his own judges to travel around
be a purely rational or spiritual one: the angels. Every class in the chain may excel in a single particular. Beasts are stronger than men, men have the power of learning (angels don't). Within every class there is the most excellent specimen the dolphin-fishes, the eagle-birds, the lion-beasts, the emperor-men, God- angels, the sun, the justice, the head. The 4 elements (earth, water, air, fire) formed the ladder of the own, the highest-heavenly fire, God. The elements were the material for the whole universe. The air above the moon was considered as the 5 th element, called ether. The angels are arranged in a definitive order, 3 main orders are: highest is contemplative, consists of Seraphs, Chembs and Thrones. Second is more active- Dominations, Virtues, Powers. Third-the most active-Principalities, Archangels, Angels, they form the medium between the angelic hierarchy and man. Each order of angels had to regulate one
Native Americans Doris Luha 11.b Falling sea levels created the Bering land bridge that joined Siberia to Alaska, which began about 60,00025,000 years ago. The indigenous peoples of the Americas are the pre Columbian inhabitants of North and South America, their descendants and other ethnic groups who are identified with those peoples. There are over 500 recognized native American tribes in America. Agriculture and hunting There were four basic ways for people in ancient societies to find food: hunting and fishing, gathering, farming, and
and on this day every year Australia day is celebrated. In all, about 160 000 en and women were brouth to Australia as convicts. The transportation was ended in 1868. by this time many settlements were established. In 1901 all the separate parts of Australia were united into one country. In 1851 gold was discovered in eastern Australia. This brought along the great gold rush. Thousands of people went to the new land to find fortune. Forty years later the gold was found in the west. The miners of the east had a very hard time, the water was scarce and the roads were bad. But then the railway was built. Many of people who came to Australia to find gold stayed on to do other kinds of work. The found that Australia has other riches too, such as coal, copper, ironore, nickel, natural gas and more. The forests had good timber. Along seashorepearls and tortoise shells could be gathered. Some
The House of representatives consists of 150 members. The Senat comprises 12 representatives from each state and 2 from each territory. The executive power in Australia is in the hands of the Prime Minister. Today the Prime Minister is John Howard. History. The first inhabitants in Australia are the Aborigines who came there about 60000 years ago. The first known Europeans to arrive in Australia were the Dutch. William Jaanzsoon tried to reach the East Indies, but landed in western Australia in 1611. The Dutch gave a poor account of Australia considering it to be and arid land inhabited by fierce savages. Abel Tasman was also a Dutch sailor and he discovered Tasmania. Captain James Cook discovered the fertile eastern coast in 1770 and had a more favourable outlook. He explored the coast and named some most important features, such as Botany Bay, for instance. Australia was called Terra Australis
called "sunflower seeds", but are actually the fruit (an achene) of the plant. The true seeds are encased(ümbritsetud, koorikus) in an inedible husk (söögikõlbmatu, mittesöödav, kest, aganad ; kroovima, koorima) Heliotropism (heliotropism (taime päikese poole pöördumine) Sunflowers in the bud(pung, õienupp ; tärkama, punguma) stage exhibit(välja panema, näitama ; eksponaat, asitõend) heliotropism. At sunrise, the faces of most sunflowers are turned towards the east. Over the course(kurss, suund, kulg, kursus, käik, väljak, müürilade) of the day, they move to track(jälitama) the sun from east to west, while at night they return to an eastward(ida suunaline, ida poole) orientation. This motion(liikumine, esildis) is performed by motor cells in the pulvinus, a flexible segment(segment, lõik ; segmenteerima, tükeldama) of the stem just below the bud. As the bud stage ends, the stem(tüvi) stiffens(kangestuma, jäigastuma) and the blooming
They raised no crops and had no herds of tame animals. For food they hunted and fished and gathered wild fruits and nuts. But their tribes had wery well-worked-out customs. A few aborigines still live in the emptier part of the continent and follow the thousands-of-years-old customs of their ancestors. The Discovery of Australia Duch sailors stopped at several places on the northern and western coasts in the 1600s. They brought back word that the land was "of very little use". No wonder they had that idea. The northern shores of Australia are near enough to the equator to be very hot. They get a great deal of rain. The hot, wet climate is one that white people cannot stand well. Much of the western coast is dry and barren. There is a great desert in Australia, and it comes down to the sea on the western and southern coasts. William Dampier was the first englishman to reach Australia. But captain James Cook's
Afterwards, Moses went up on Mount Cyanide to get the ten commandments. David was a Hebrew king skilled at playing the liar. He fougth with the Philatelists, a race of people who lived in Biblical times. Solomon, one of David's sons, had 500 wives and 500 porcupines. Without the Greeks, we wouldn't have history. The Greeks invented three kinds of columns - Corinthian, Doric and Ironic. They also had myths. A myth is a female moth. One myth says that the mother of Achilles dipped him in the River Stynx until he became intolerable. Achilles appears in "The Illiad", by Homer. Homer also wrote the "Oddity", in which Penelope was the last hardship that Ulysses endured on his journey. Actually, Homer was not written by Homer but by another man of that name. Socrates was a famous Greek teacher who went around giving people advice. They killed him. Socrates died from an overdose of wedlock. In the Olympic Games, Greeks ran races, jumped, hurled the biscuits, and threw the java
Stonehenge Hort 4000 Mary Laine What is Stonehenge? Derived from words that mean hanging stones, circle of stones, or stone hinges 162 stones originally and about half remain today Southern England, eight miles north of Salisbury and 30 miles north of the English Channel Nearby hillsides are covered with hundreds of burial pits known as barrows 80% of the barrows face east towards where the sun rises on the horizon There are at least 900 circles in Wales, Scotland, England, and Ireland. Most are made of stone, but wood was also used. Soil was also piled up to create banks, ditches, and circles. Many of these structures are of archaeological interest and are found throughout the countries. The builders Prehistoric people Carbon dating shows that it was built in five phases from 3500 1520 BC Class Question
displayed in the Museum of London in the Barbican. At the end of the fourth century AD the Roman Empire began to crumble and the Roman armies were recalled from Britain to defend Rome itself. Once they had left Anglo-Saxons invaded and settled in Britain. They were farming people who preffered to live outside towns. For a while London probably lay in ruins, but it eventually developed again, partly because of its position on the river was good for trading. The Tower of London There is more of London's history in the Tower than anywhere else in London. It is the oldest surviving building in the capital. The Tower of London was begun by William the Conqueror in 1078 as a castle and a palace but even before the site had been used by the Romans and Anglo-Saxons. The tower comprises not one, but 20 towers, the oldest, the White Tower, dates back to the 11 th Century.
The veil was held in place with a crown of orange blossoms. The bride carried the same flowers in her bouquet. Later she left the bouquet in the church, put it on a relative's grave, or sent it to the convent where she studied. After the ceremony the members of the family signed the register. The guests then went to the bride's home for the banquet. The bride cut the cake and gave pieces of it to single girls to put under their pillows. When the guests began to dance, the bride and her mother went to the bridal chamber where she took off her wedding clothes and changed into her nightgown. The bride and groom spent their honeymoon in her parents' house. They were expected to stay in the bedroom for five days or more. Creole Customs Creole customs can be divided into two kinds: religious and non-religious. Religious customs focus on holidays: All Saints Day, Mardi gras and Easter, for example. On All
Kärdla School 9A Wichita Tribe Were original people of southern Oklahoma and northern Texas, but after Europeans arrived, population pressures forced them further north into Kansas, where the city of Wichita is named for them. Most Wichita people are living in Oklahoma today. Speak English today. Some also speak their native Wichita language The Wichita Nation has its own government, laws, police, and services Before becoming a civilization, they tattooed their faces, arms, and chests. They were a steadfast and peaceful people. They had about 500 warriors in their tribe. The Wichita's chief from the past was WeeTaRa ShaRo. People History of population The Wichita had a large population in the time of Coronado and Onate. One scholar
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY A century ago communication across any distance was dependent upon the telegraph or letters. No jets crossed the ocean, no television pictures enabled us instantly to see events in any part of the world, there were no worldwide telephone networks and no computers. It is just a short lifetime since humanity first travelled into space and discovered how fragile our planet looks. FROM FIREWORKS TO THE MOON At first glance you might think that there couldn't possibly be anything common between a 13 th century festival in China and the Apollo 11 moon landing in 1969. However, there is a link and that is that they both relied on the use of rockets. The Chinese first developed rockets by filling bamboo tubes with an explosive made from saltpetre, charcoal, and sulphur. The sealed tubes would be thrown onto fires during celebrations because it was
of the many that are so abundant in Estonia's folklore. It is the story of a poor girl who falls in love with the son of the village elder, and disguises herself as a choirboy in order to sneak into the castle. But, alas, the lord of the manor's son discovers the deception. He is overcome by jealous rage and orders his men to seal the girl inside the thick stone walls while still alive. Turned into an incarnation of undying love, the White Lady now appears every August, on the night of the full moon, in the Dome Church chapel window. Haapsalu is seven-and-a- quarter centuries old this year, and the townsfolk intend to make it a celebration to remember. The annual dance and light show dedicated to the Lady alone involves over 100 performers - and you'll have several chances to catch it over the four days of the event. Musical shows, dances and contests of strength and skill will be held all over town.
A monk in the Northumbrian monastery of Jarrow In 731 ,,The Great Ecclesiastical History of the English People"- overshaows all other sources of 7th, early 8th C Well-founded scraps of tradition, first work of history, where AD system is used Angles, Saxons, Jutes. Frisians 430´s onwards, Germans settlers arrived in large numbers. Anglo-Saxon invasions in 499 The Saxons- Saxon country to South and West The Angles- Angulus to East Anglia, Jutes in Kent Same culture as southern Scandinavia, Germany, northern France 600 they had founded their 7 kingdoms The Anglo-Saxon kingdoms Kent-JUtes, Essex, Sussex, Vessex- Saxons East Anglia, Mercia, Nothumbria- Angles Series of over-kings from various kingdoms St Patrick Conversion of Irish- 432-461 Patron saint of Ireland, originally pagan, slave He escaped, became a Christian priest and later bishop
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