Leidsid 33 sarnast õppematerjali, mis on seotud failiga "Whale". Need materjalid aitavad sul teemat sügavamalt mõista.
whale, whales, other, mammals, species, these, such, another, songs, travel, animals, there, several, intelligent, features, four, heart, hair, warm, than, live, entire, open, oceans, fish, lungs, breath, them, special, size, height, building, exhibit, tail, expose, bodies, often, sound, unique, even, scary, moving, bond, between, mother, calf, membersHowever, during a large part of the year, the cold part, there is a lot of snow in the tundra. And it turns out that snow can be a very good construction material. In the winter, Inuit lived in round houses made from blocks of snow called "igloos". In the summer, when the snow melted, Inuit lived in tent-like huts made of animal skins stretched over a frame. Although most Inuit people today live in the same community year-round, and live in homes built of other construction materials that have to be imported, in the past Inuit would migrate between a summer and winter camp which was shared by several families. Getting Around To travel from one place to another, Inuit used sleds made of animal bones and skins pulled over the snow and ice by dogs. Strong dogs with thick fur like huskies, bred by Inuit, were used. On the waters of the Arctic Ocean, small boats called "kayaks" were used for hunting while larger
land and in the sea, finaly about conserving the Galapagos. The Galapagos Islands are situated on junctions between several shifting tectonic plates on the equator and about 1000 km off the Pacific coast of Ecuador. They are the product of one of the most volcanically active regions on our planet, a hot spot is situated directly beneath the islands and also It is the point where major ocean currents meet. These circumstances combine to make an area that truly is like no other place on earth. Galapagos is comprised of 13 major islands, more than 120 smaller islets and rocks, and the surrounding ocean. The total land mass is almost 8,000 sq. km. Highest peak is Wolf Volcano reaching 1707m. The present islands are all younger than 4 million years and were formed separately from other land masses as a result of volcanic eruptions. The Galapagos were discovered in 1535 by Fray Toms de Berlanga, the Bishop of Panama
The making of a new nation. The Enlightenment in America. The emergence of the notion of the American Dream. The great Enlighteners: Crèvecoeur, Jefferson, Paine, Franklin. The American Enlightenment is the intellectual thriving period in the United States in the midtolate 18th century (17151789), especially as it relates to American Revolution on the one hand and the European Enlightenment on the other. Influenced by the scientific revolution of the 17th century and the humanist period during the Renaissance, the Enlightenment took scientific reasoning and applied it to human nature, society, and religion. American Enlightenment a gradual but powerful awakening that established the ideals of democracy, liberty, and religious tolerance in the people of America.
Tundra animals Reindeer Reindeer were first domesticated in Norway and northern Asia. When it was seen how valuable they were, they were brought to Alaska in 1887 and later to parts of Canada. These North American reindeer became known as caribou. Although they are called by different names, they are both considered to be a single species. Unlike deer, both the male and female have antlers. The antlers of the male are long, branched and massive, and they are a little flattened at the ends. The antlers of the female are much shorter, simpler and more slender and irregular. Their large, spreading hooves support the animal in snow in the winter and marshy tundra in the summer. Reindeer are also great swimmers and use their feet as paddles.
Five stars represent the Constallation Southern Cross and a large star is for the country's states and territories. The coat of arms features a kangaroo and an emu. The kangaroo and emu are chosen for the coat of arms of Australia because they can only move forward just like Australia. The national anthem of Australia is "Advance Australia Fair". This replaced the "God Save the Queen" as Australia's national anthem in 1984. Aboriginal art uses Earth Colours(white, red, orange, brown). These are the colours of the desert. Aboriginal artists made their paints from natural materials. Aboriginal paintings also use lots of dots. They used their fingers or sticks. There weren't any art shops where they could buy brushes. Aboriginal art includes lots of symbols for the natural things around them. Australia got its independence in 1st Jan 1901. The Commonwealth of Australia is a constitutional monarchy, in practise a parliamentary democracy
Alps, the Blue Mountains and the New England Range. The outback is flat and hot centre of Australia. The nearest neighbor may be a hundred kilometers away. The nearest city may be more than one thousand kilometers away. Many people in this area live on sheep stations which are enormous farms. Uluru One of the most beautiful things in Australia is Uluru (Ayers Rock) in the outback. It is an enormous rock alone in the middle of the desert. It is three kilometers long and 348 metres high. There is another 2000 meters under the ground. Uluru is 600 000 000 years old and it is the largest rock in the world. The Great Barrier Reef. One of the natural wonders of the modern world is the Great Barrier Reef. It is located off the northeast coast of Australia. It is the biggest coral reef in the world extending 2000 kilometers along the coast of Queensland. It consists of more than 600 coral islands. Some of them are
The two major nutrients are nitrogen and phosphorus. Nitrogen is created by biological fixation, and phosphorus is created by precipitation. The most distinctive characteristic of tundra soil is its permafrost, a permanently frozen layer of ground. The average winter temperature is -28°C, but the average summer temperature is 3-16°C. During the brief summers, the top section of the soil may thaw out allowing plants and microorganisms to grow and reproduce. However, these plants and microorganisms become dormant during the cold winter months. Soil is formed slowly. The constant freezing and thawing in the tundra helps to break the rocks into smaller pieces. Permafrost consists mostly of gravel and finer material. The arctic tundra is also a windy place and winds can blow between 48 to 97 kilometres. The tundra is basically like a desert when it comes to precipitation. Only about 150-250 millimetres of precipitation (mostly snow) fall each year. When water
Lawrence lowlands. Canada's highest peak is Mount Logan (5,959 m) in Yukon Territory. 4. Rivers, lakes With less than 1 percent of the world's population, Canada has some one-seventh of the world's supply of accessible fresh water. Much of this water is stored in lakes and wetlands that cover about one-fifth of Canada's total area. The Great Lakes--the world's largest surface of fresh water--are shared with the United States and form part of the international border. Other large lakes include Great Bear and Great Slave lakes in the Northwest Territories and Lakes Manitoba and Winnipeg in Manitoba. Mackenzie River is Canada's longest river, which flows 4,241 km from its source to its mouth. With its many tributaries, it drains 1,800,000 square km. The St. Lawrence is the largest river flowing into the Atlantic Ocean. Its drainage basin includes the Great Lakes, forming an inland navigable waterway extending some 3,765 km into the heart of the continent
Natural Zones and Flora. There are five distinguishable natural zones in Australia. In the very east there are wet forests (1.) that occupy the space between the Great Dividing Range and the eastern coast. Westward from the Great Dividing Range the wet forests give place to beautiful grasslands with some trees . These grasslands are called the savannas (2.). Farther west the trees disappear and the bushlands (3.) begin. The real desert (4.) occupies the centre of the Western Plateau. In the very southwest there are thin forests of evergreen trees (5.). Most of Australian trees are kinds of eucalyptus trees (or gum trees to Australians) and acacia ( wattle to Australians). Eucalyptus trees are found everywhere in Australia. There are many kinds of them and they greatly differ in size. One kind, the
Tallinn 2013 Ott Speek Subject: English Geodesy Study group: GI-21b PETROLEUM PRESENTATION Petroleum (L. petroleum, from Greek: Πέτρα (rock) + Latin: oleum (oil) is a naturally occurring flammable liquid consisting of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights and other liquid organic compounds, that are found in geologic formations beneath the Earth's surface. The name Petroleum covers both naturally occurring unprocessed crude oils and petroleum products that are made up of refined crude oil. A fossil fuel, it is formed when large quantities of dead organisms, usually zooplankton and algae, are buried underneath sedimentary rock and undergo intense heat and pressure. Petroleum is recovered mostly through oil drilling. This comes after the studies of
wish. There have been some difficulties with some of the territories. Argentina has made claims to the Falkland Islands and Spain to Gibraltar. History When the glaciers retreated from Britain about 10,000 years ago, Stone-Age men started to inhabit the isles. The early Britons came across the land bridge which joined Britain to the continent. They were cave-dwellers at first. This way of life was replaced by the invaders from the Mediterranean lands. These men were the first farmers. In about 500 BC came the people whose homeland was near the Rhine River. These were the Celts. The Roman invasion began in 43AD. The Romans were highly organized conquerors. They built good roads, baths and bridges. The Romans stayed in the British Isles up to the 5th century. The remarkable thing about the Romans is that, despite their long occupation of Britain, they left very little behind. Most of the villas and temples
In the winter the temperatures are below freezing. The winter season can last from October to May. The summer season may last from June to September. The temperatures in the Alpine biome can also change from warm to freezing in one day. Alpine animals have to deal with two types of problems: the cold and too much high UV wavelengths. 4. How are plants adapted to life in the biome? Tundra plants are small -- usually less than a foot high .The hairs on the stems of many tundra plants, such as the Arctic crocus, help to trap heat near the plant and act as protection from the wind. Plants adapted to the tundra have small waxy leaves to prevent the loss of precious water in this dry environment. Quick-Developing, Cup-Shaped Flowers Soil Not Needed for Growth Polar Desert- Plants that grow in the Arctic regions must be very hardy and adapted to the extreme winter cold of these environments. Polar desert plants have a summertime growing season, but in the Arctic and Antarctic
west there are thin forests of evergreen trees. Most of the Austrian trees are various kinds of eucalyptus and acacia. Some eucalyptuses are small bushes in the semi deserts, some are the main trees in the savannas, but the biggest eucalyptuses grow as tall as hundred metres. Eucalyptuses give the people timber and eucalyptus oil. Of 600 kinds of acacias, the golden wattle is the best know because it is the national flower of Australia. Of the other trees there are bottle trees in the savannas and tree-ferns in the tropical forests and many others. Most of the animals which live in Australia are marsupial or pouched mammals. There are 150 different species of them. The babies of there animals are too small to start their lives on their own. After birth, they move to the pouch on the stomachs of their mothers and live there for several months. The kangaroo is the most numerous among marsupials. There are more than 50
Fishing down the food web. What can we do to help? WHAT IS OVERFISHING?: Overfishing can be defined in a number of ways. However, everything comes down to one simple point: Catching too much fish for the system to support leads to an overall degradation (degrödašon) to the system. Overfishing is a non-sustainable use of the oceans. WHAT IS CAUSING OVERFISHING?: Worldwide, fishing fleets are two to three times as large as needed to take present day catches of fish and other marine species (spiišis) and as what our oceans can sustainably support. On a global scale we have enough fishing capacity (cäpaseti) to cover at least four Earth like planets. On top of the overcapacity many fishing methods (methouds) are unsustainable in their own way. These methods have a large impact on the basic functioning of our marine ecosystems (ikousistem). These unselective fishing practices and gear cause tremendous destruction on non target (taaged) species.
T Ü T üri C o lle g e Liina Le inm e ts Introduction · Panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is a mammal classified in the bear family, native to centralwestern and southwestern China. It is easily recognized by its large, distinctive black patches around the eyes, over the ears, and across its round body. · The Giant Panda lives in a few mountain ranges in central China. · It once lived in lowland areas, but farming, forest clearing, and other development now restrict the Giant Panda to the mountains. In the wild · The Giant Panda is a · Pandas communicate terrestrial animal and through vocalization primarily spends its life and scent marking such roaming and feeding in as clawing trees or the bamboo forests. spraying urine. It is able · Though generally alone, to climb and take each adult has a shelter in hollow trees
Canada is the second largest country in the world with a territory of about 10 million square kilometers and it is bordered by three oceans: the Arctic, the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans. The population of Canada is about 31 million people. About 77% of the people live in cities which lie in a band about 100 miles wide above the border of the United States. The capital of Canada is Ottawa. Other large cities are Montreal, Toronto, Vancouver, Winnipeg and Quebec. 2. Geographical position Canada is a huge country in the continent of North America. It is bordered with the Atlantic Ocean in the east, the Pacific Ocean in the west, the United States of America in the south and the Arctic Ocean in the north. Canada is a vast country, with a territory of 3.8 million
Tallinn English College Topic Great Britain 2007 1. Introduction The official name of Great Britain is `the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (or short United Kingdom)' The population is about 60.4 million. The capital is London. Other biggest cities include Birmingham, Bristol, Portsmouth, Glasgow and Swansea. English is the main language of Great Britain, but Welsh is officially recognized in Wales and Gaelic in Scotland. 2. Geographical position The British Isles is the geographical term for a group of about 5000 islands off the coast of mainland Europe. The largest island is Great Britain, which is also the largest island in Europe. It consists of England, Wales and Scotland. The next largest island is
Sheep generally are held in low regard as far as cognition and social skills are concerned. However there is now interesting evidence from studies of their behaviour and brain function that they have highly sophisticated social and emotional recognition skills using faces, voices and smell. They are able to recognize and remember many diferent sheep and humans for several years or more and appear to have some capacity for forming mental images of the faces of absent individuals. The precence of such social cognition abilities in this species means that we must pay careful attention to welfare factors such as the composition and stability of their social environment as well as the nature of our own interactions with them. To many humans sheep are regarded as being as close to an automaton and amindless animal species as can be imagined and any serious consideration of their cognitive, social and general mental faculties deemed futile. I can give example about sheep memory
In 1851 gold was discovered in eastern Australia. This brought along the great gold rush. Thousands of people went to the new land to find fortune. Forty years later the gold was found in the west. The miners of the east had a very hard time, the water was scarce and the roads were bad. But then the railway was built. Many of people who came to Australia to find gold stayed on to do other kinds of work. The found that Australia has other riches too, such as coal, copper, ironore, nickel, natural gas and more. The forests had good timber. Along seashorepearls and tortoise shells could be gathered. Some needed to manufacture such things as butter, cheese, shoes and clothing. Geographical position Australia is located in southern hemisphere. It's the only continent except for Antarctica that is all south of equator. Sometimes Australia is called the Island Continent. There is a great reason why. It really is an island. It is
Only the south-east and south-west corners of the continent have a temperate climate. The northern part of the country, with a tropical climate, has vegetation consisting of rainforest, woodland, grassland, mangrove swamps and desert. Climate is highly influenced by ocean currents, including the El Niño southern oscillation. 4. Land regions Mountains The Great Dividing Range runs along the Pacific ocean. These mountains are very old and much of worn down but the Australian Alps are the highest of them. The highest top Mount Kosciusko is 2228 metres above sea level. It was named by the Polish explorer Count Paul Strzelecki in 1840 in honour of the Polish national hero General Tadeusz Kociuszko. Like many of Australia's highest peaks, Mount Kosciuszko is not particularly difficult to climb. There is a road to Charlotte Pass, from which it is a
their leaves in the autumn, and grow new ones in spring). Most deciduous trees have thin, broad, light-weight leaves that can capture a lot of sunlight to make a lot of food for the tree in warm weather; when the weather gets cooler, the broad leaves cause too much water loss and can be weighed down by too much snow, so the tree drops its leaves. New ones will grow in the spring.; trees have thick bark to protect against cold winters. Temperate rainforest- epiphytes such as mosses and ferns grow atop other plants to reach light. Cool temperatures lead to slow decomposition but seedlings grow on "nurse logs" to take advantage of the nutrients from the decomposing fallen logs. Trees can grow very tall due to amount of precipitation. Temperate Grassland (Prairie)- During a fire, while above-ground portions of grasses may perish, the root portions survive to sprout again. Some prairie trees have thick bark to resist fire. Prairie shrubs readily resprout after fire
specially designed pile of rubble that replicates their existing habitat and which has been constructed adjacent to the new development. But experts stress that there is only a slim chance that the translocation will succeed. One of the difficulties is the beetle's life cycle the larvae of bombardiers prey on beetles in the Amara genus, but it is not known precisely which ones. "This is the last chance saloon for the beetle if nothing is done, the species will be lost anyway," Roberts said. Only a handful of streaked bombardier beetles have been found and moved so far, and with time running out before the building work begins, extinction is imminent for a species that was only recently added to the UK's red list of endangered species. Can China's rare `bear' survive? Pandas are not a species at an `evolutionary dead end' as is sometimes claimed, according to
It’s the official name of the country. Australia is the smallest continent, but one of the largest countries on Earth. It’s 6th largest country. Its area is about 7.6 million sq km. One third of it is occupied by deserts. It’s both the flattest and, except for Antarctica the driest. Neighbouring countries include Indonesia, East Timor and Papua New Guinea in the north, the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu in the northeast, and New Zealand in the southeast. Its capital is Canberra. Other big cities are Melbourne, Sydney, and Brisbane. National language in Australia is English. Monetary unit is Australian dollar. Their national holiday is on the 26th of January. In 1788 on the 26th of January the first fleet arrived at Botany Bay and established a penal colony near modern-day Sydney. Geographical Position Australia is located in the Southern Hemisphere. It’s the only continent except for Antarctica that is all south of equator
of waste disposal. Developed countries are notorious for producing an excessive amount of waste or garbage and dumping their waste in the oceans and, less developed countries. Nuclear waste disposal has tremendous health hazards associated with it. Plastic, fast food, packaging and cheap electronic wastes threaten the well being of humans. FIND OUT 5 WAYS HOW TO MANAGE WASTE. 5. Loss of Biodiversity: Human activity is leading to the extinction of species and habitats and loss of bio- diversity. Eco systems, which took millions of years to perfect, are in danger when any species population is decimating. Another example is the destruction of coral reefs in the various oceans, which support the rich marine life. FIND OUT 5 WAYS HOW TO HALT THE LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY 6. Deforestation: Our forests produce fresh oxygen and help in regulating temperature and rainfall. At
7,617,930 square kilometres and it is also an island, separated from Asia by the Arafura and Timor seas. But Australia is also surrounded by the Indian and Pacific oceans. The Great Barrier Reef is the world's largest coral reef. It lies off the north-eastern coast and extends for over 2000 kilometres. The famous mountain range in the eastern part of Australia is the Great Diving Range and it's highest peak is Mount Kasciusco's 2230m. In the continental part, there are the Macdonnell ranges. Other smaller mountain ranges are the Musgrave Mountains, the Hammessley Mountains and the Darling Mountains. The continental part of Australia is mostly covered with deserts and these deserts are the Great Sandy Desert in the north-western part, the Great Victoria dessert in the southern part and Gibson desert and the Simpson desert. The Murray River is the largest river of the country and it is 2,375 kilometres long, it rises in the Australian Alps and flows to the south-west
............................................................10 2 Introduction If you were asked to show on a world map the regions with the most biodiversity, your finger would probably end up pointing at the Amazon, the Congo Basin or the island of Borneo. But I chose New Guinea, an island that represents no more than 1% of the world's landmass, an array of extraordinary animals and plants have also flourished, such as tree kangaroos and birds of paradise. Close to 10% of the world's vertebrates are concentrated here, while 7% of the world's higher (vascular) plants grow on the island's productive soils. 3 Geography Papua New Guinea consists of over 600 islands and lies in the middle of the long chain of islands stretching from mainland South-East Asia. The mainland and larger islands are mountainous and rugged, divided by large fertile upland valleys
The Mountain Lion cougar (Puma concolor), also puma, cougar, or panther, is a member of the Felidae family, native to the Americas. This large, solitary cat has the greatest range of any wild land mammal in the Western Hemisphere, extending from Yukon in Canada to the southern Andes of South America. An adaptable species, the cougar is found in every major North American habitat. The Mountain lions of Yellowstone region were significantly reduced by predator control measures during the early 1900s. It is reported that 121 lions were removed from the park between the years 1904 and 1925. Then, the remaining population was estimated to be 12 individuals. Mountain lions apparently existed at very low numbers between 1925 and 1940. They maintain a secretive profile in the Yellowstone region
6 million square kilometres big. It is often called the island continent because it is rather small for a continent and very big for an island. There are only five countries bigger than Australia in the World. There are five states in the mainland. Tasmania is also considered as a state so there are six states. The Northern Territory and Canberra are also independent but they are not states. Canberra is the capital of Australia and it is situated between Sydney and Melbourne because both of these cities wanted to be the capital. The population is about 19 million people and growing. New South Wales is the most populated state and Victoria is the most densely populated state. The national language is English. It is English because British settlers came to live in Australia in the past and they brought convicts with them who were also British. Symbols. The Australian Flag came into being after the federation of the
Fishery resources Capture fisheries resources are highly diverse. FAO landing statistics refer to about 2 500 species or group of species most of which are finfish. By far the most numerous fish species, and those most important to aquaculture and fisheries, are teleosts, or bony fish, which in the sea extend from small "grazing" species such as anchovy to large active predatory fish such as tuna. A similarly wide range is also found in freshwater, with the most important species from a production point of view belonging to the carp family. These account for over half the total of inland waters fisheries production. Marine capture fisheries resources are usually considered close to full exploitation worldwide with about half of them fully exploited, one quarter over exploited, depleted or recovering from depletion and one quarter only with some capacity to produce more than
If someone wants to make clear that he is speaking of the country, he may call it by its full name of Commonwealth of Australia. Sixty million years ago Australia and its nearby islands were separated from the rest of the world by a great upheaval. They were cut off from Asia by the ocean. Very few people and almost no animals visited Australia before English colonists began to settle there in 1788. During all those 60 million years the native Australian mammals developed by themselves, undisturbed by the animals developing elsewhere. Australia is the only continent except Antarctica that is all south of the equator. It's name means "southland". Since it is south of the equator, its seasons are just the opposite of ours. It has summer while we have winter and the other way round. Sometimes Australia is called the island continent. There is a good reason why. It is an island. The Inhabitants
In the High Court of Australia, Australian Aborigines have been specifically identified as a group of people who share, in common, biological ancestry back to the original occupants of the continent. History The first people of Australia were nomadic people who came to Australia from south-east Asia. Scientists don't know exactly when they arrived but it is somewhere between 40000 and 60000 years ago. When British came to Australia in 1788, they called these native people “aboriginals”, meaning people who had lived there since the earliest times. Captain James Cook set the colonization of Australia into motion by exploring and mapping the fertile eastern coast of Australia, but he was not the first to visit Australia. There is evidence suggesting Aborigines in northern Australia maintained trade with some of the Indonesian islands closest to the coast. Chinese and Arab's may have had contact with the Aborigines in the 15th century.
Canada. Canada is a very big country in the continent of North America. It is about 10 million square kilometres and that makes it the second largest country in the world after Russia. Quebec (the province) is six times as big as the UK. Canada borders the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, the Arctic Ocean and the USA. The capital of Canada is Ottawa and other main cities are Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver. It is a very developed country. Montreal is the largest city and it is called the Paris of North America because most of the people there speak French. The population of Canada is 28 million people. It is a very multicultural country. People from many different countries have come to live there. The natives are Eskimos and Indians. Eskimos have their own self-governing homeland called Nunavut
Protecting endangered species will make a difference in humans' life In the nature of humankind it is natural to hunt animals. However, nowadays hunting endangered species will make humans be just killers, because it is not necessary to kill something just to have a trophy on the wall at home. People can be proud of what they have done, but decreasing the population of a species largely will cause the specific animal breed to go extinct faster than it would happen via natural causes. Therefore, humans should stop hunting endangered species to slow down their extinction, as these species offer balance in the wildlife, are used without purpose in medicine, and may even reduce poverty. Species on the brink of extinction affect us more than we realize. Sure, pandas are cute, and rhinos are fun to look at, but is there anything more to that
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