11. Famous writers of Irish origin: William Butler Yeats, Samuel Beckett, George Bernard Shaw, Seamus Heaney. 12. There are a lot of Irish people living outside of Ireland. 15 of the US presidents have Irish roots: J.F Kennedy, R. Nixon, R. Reagan, B. Clinton etc. The West Indies 1. The West Indies are situated in the Caribbean Sea, between Caribbean and North Atlantic Ocean, north of South-America. They are known by that name because Columbus thought he had reached India when in fact he had reached the islands. 2. Original inhabitants of the area: Arawak Indians (200 BC) and Carib Indians (AD 1300). 3. For the Europeans, most of these islands were discovered by Columbus during the 15 th century. 4. The area was colonized by England, Spain, France, Portugal and the Netherlands. 5. Languages spoken in The West Indies: English, French, Spanish, also Creole and Pidgin (by black slaves)
It flows from north-western Minnesota south to the Gulf of Mexico. It is a significant transportation artery and when combined with its major tributaries (the Missouri and the Ohio rivers) it becomes the third largest river system in the world (at 6,236 km). The western tributaries are the Red River, the Arkansas and the Missouri. The eastern tributaries are the Tennessee and the Ohio. Its name means the Father of Waters in the Red Indian. Together with its tributaries it forms 20,000 km of navigable waterways. The Colorado River is a river in the south-western United States, approximately 1450 miles long, draining a part of the arid regions on the western slope of the Rocky Mountains. The natural course of the river flows into the Gulf of California, but the heavy use of the river as an irrigation source for the Imperial Valley has desiccated the lower course of the river in Mexico such that it
I Native Americans · Origin of Native Americans Origin is debatable Siberia->Alaska Crossed the land bridge around 14,000 years ago "ice-free corridor" Hunters, searching for fresh grounds · Different tribes and their way of life In tents, dark skin, hair is long, black and straight, women-agriculture, men- hunting. bands(chief. Travelled together) and tribes land was owned by the tribe that occupied it. 200 different tribes Apache- "enemy"- hunted buffalos, oil and natural gas from their land Cherokee- largest tribe Cheyenne- from Minnesota and S & N Dakota. High system of laws Northwest Ordinance of 1787 Signed in 1787 by Thomas Jefferson. The creation of the Northwest Territory as the first organized territory Ohio River was settled, 5 new states
'West' differentiates from the 'Indies' in South and Southeast Asia. 2. Who were the original inhabitants of the area? After 500 BC, the Saladoid people migrated from present-day Venzuela to the Lesser Antilles. Around 650 AD, the Saladoid people were replaced by the Arawak Indians Around 1200 AD, the Arawaks were in turn succeeded by the Caribs. 3. When and by whom were most of these islands discovered for the Europeans? 1490s Christopher Columbus 4. Which countries colonised this area? The Spanish and Portuguese arrived in C16. England, France, and the Netherlands began their conquests in C17. Denmark only acquired a few islands. 5. Which languages are spoken in the West Indies? What is the origin of the people who live there? Pidgin is a simplified language that is born out of contact (e.g. trade) between speakers who do not speak the same language. The elements of two or more languages coalesce.
The currency of the USA is the United States Dollar. Lakes and rivers The Mississippi is the major river of North America and the United States. It flows from north-western Minnesota south to the Gulf of Mexico.The western tributaries are the Red River, the Arkansas and the Missouri. The eastern tributaries are the Tennessee and the Ohio. Its name means the Father of Waters in the red Indian. Together with its tributaries it forms 20,000 km of navigable waterways. Other important rivers are the Colorado and the Columbia that flow into the Pacific Ocean, and the Rio Grande. The rivers of the Pacific basin are rapid. There are many hydro-electric power-stations on them.Over 800 rivers cross the continental (48) states. Most are small branches and/or tributaries of larger rivers.The great lakes between the USA and Canada are joined together by rivers and canals
by the Atlantic Ocean and in the south its coast is washed by the Gulf of Mexico. The coastline is even. There are no big islands belonging to the U.S. except the Hawaiian Islands which lie halfway the continents of America and Asia. The biggest peninsulas are the Florida Peninsula and Alaska. The United States of America has got three neighbours Mexico in the south, Canada in the north and the world's biggest country Russia just across the Bering Strait. Relief The continental part of the USA consists of two highland and two lowland regions. The highland regions are the Appalachians in the east and the Cordilleras in the west. The Appalachians run parallel to the Atlantic coast from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada; the highest peak is 2000 m high. The Cordilleras run along the Pacific coast with
fish. But they also relied upon agriculture, hunting and trapping. They built stable villages, and lived either in birchcovered wigwams or in rectangular longhouses. Later the indigenous people were called indians, by Christopher Columbus who thought that he had reached to India. COLONIAL AMERICA As far as people know were the Vikings first European settlers to visit America. but in 1492, an Italian sailor called Christopher Columbus reached southern America when he was looking for a sea route from Europe to India. He is called to be the man who discovered America. In 1607 two very different groups of English people came to America. a group of farmers began a colony in Jamestown, Virginia. They had to fought with indians and most of them died because there were many diseases and the didn't have enough to eat. But the daughter of an Indian chief, Pocahontas, helped them.
In 1492 Christopher Columbus discovered America while trying to reach India. He named the native people Indians, because he though he had reached India. He didn't stay either and in the sixteenth century the first Europeans to settle in America were the Spanish, the English and the French. The first village founded by the English settlers was in Virginia in 1607. It was called Jamestown. They didn't have good relations with the Indians and many of them died. But Pocahontas, the daughter of an Indian chief, became their friend and helped them. They started growing tobacco in Virginia, using African slaves in the fields. In 1620 a new group of British settlers reached Plymouth, Massachusetts, with a ship called Mayflower and they were called 'Pilgrim Fathers' due to their strong belief in religion. They left England because they didn't agree with the Church of England. They became farmers and businessmen who thought that all men were equal and they didn't have slaves. Many of the
In the nineteenth century, westward expansion of United States territory began, in which the United States would occupy all the North American land east to west. Ratified in 1788, the Constitution serves as the supreme American law in organizing the government; the Supreme Court is responsible for upholding Constitutional law. Slavery was abolished in 1865 by the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. In later years, civil rights were extended to women and black Americans. The Progressive Era marked a time of economic growth for the United States, advancing to the Roaring Twenties. However, the Wall Street Crash of 1929 led to the Great Depression, a time of economic downturn and mass unemployment. Consequently, the U.S. government established the New Deal, a series of reform programs that helped "the forgotten men". The New Deal had varied success. However, once the U.S. entered World War II in December 1941, the economy
By then, Ghana the former Gold Coast had been independent for three years under the great Osagyefo Kwame Nkumah. It was a time for celebrating Africa’s coming of age, as more and more African countries received their independence either from Britain or France. It was especially a poignant time for Africa, as then British Prime Minister Harold McMillan articulated his now famous “winds of change” sweeping Africa. We had high hopes for Africa, for the Black race, that the insidious imposition of foreign rule on us, the looting of Africa’s natural resources by our colonial masters accorded us would be things of history. That is more than forty years ago. Unfortunately, the promise of independence has not been fulfilled. Today, Africa has become more desolate; there is more starvation, diseases and non-provision of essential services than when we got our independence. There are all kinds of wars in Africa than the rest of world put together.
..............................................................................................................................................................8 SPANISH-SPEAKING COUNTRIES..................................................................................................................................8 CARIBBEAN...............................................................................................................................................................10 INDIAN OCEAN..........................................................................................................................................................10 LANGUAGES.............................................................................................................................................................10 THE FLAG.................................................................................................................................................................
(6420 km), which flows into the Gulf of Mexico, the Colorado and the Columbia, which flow into the Pacific Ocean, and the Hudson River, which flows into the Atlantic Ocean. History The first people who arrived in the Americas were the Native Americans. Many of them lived in small groups of about 20-50 people. Most of them were very peaceful people, who lived by hunting and collecting food. Other Native Americans lived in small villages, where they had farms. When Columbus reached the Caribbean in 1492 he thought that he had landed in the East Indies in Asia, so he called the people there "Indians". After that thousands of Europeans arrived and they tried to take the land away from the Native Americans, so there were many wars. Native Americans also died from the diseases that the Europeans brought. At first they had to move to the west. But soon the white moved further west into the lands where the Indians lived and there were again many battles.
Region. Divisions are based on each area's relatively similar physical geography and landforms. Physiographic regionalization is defined here as the process by which regions with relatively homogeneous physical geography are determined 2. Who are the native people of Canada? Into which three groups can they be divided? Canada's constitution specifies three categories of aboriginal peoples: Indian (First Nations), Métis, Inuit. According to Canadian census 2011, 1.4 mln people of Aboriginal origin (4.3%): 852,000 First Nations persons, 452,000 Métis, 59,000 Inuit. Indian (First Nations) - No written history before the contact with Europeans. Chief historical sources European priests, travellers and traders not interested in the preservation of "pagan"myths. Different estimates about their number in Canada when Europeans reached North America from 300,000 to 1 mln
..............................................................8 Culture..........................................................................................................................9 Materials.................................................................................................................... 11 3 Introduction The United States of America is an enormous country. It is the third largest in the world after Russia and Canada. In the USA there are 50 states of which 48 lie together. The population of The USA is about 300 million people. The territory is about 10 million square kilometers. Its geography is very diverse ranging from moist rainforests to dry deserts and bald mountain peaks. There are two big mountain ranges, one of them is the Rocky Mountains and the other is The Appalachian Mountains. The Capital of The USA is Washington D.C. Other big and famous cities are New York,
States", "America", or simply "The US" or "USA". America has over 270 000 000 people and the population is still growing. Its people are called the "Americans". Nearly all of the Americans are descendants of immigrants who came to America from other countries. Most of the people live in towns, the population of the countryside is becoming smaller and smaller. African-Americans or "blacks" are descendants of slaves, who were brought by violence from Africa for sale in America. The slave trade began in the 1600s and was finally outlawed in 1808. There are about 24 million African-Americans in the country. In the 1950s and 1960s, blacks finally won the basic rights of all Americans. The first people who arrived in the Americas were the Native Americans. Many of them lived in small groups of about 20-50 people. Most of them were very peaceful people, who lived by hunting and collecting food. Other Native Americans lived in small villages, where they had farms
Notions for The New World Native Americans Origin of Native Americans Nearly one-third of Native American genes come from west Eurasian people linked to the Middle East and Europe, rather than entirely from East Asians as previously thought, according to a newly sequenced genome. Native peoples of North and South America descended from ancestors who arrived via land bridges from East Asia, possibly in a single migration. Different tribes and their way of life The men were hunters, warriors, and protectors, while the women tended to the children, their homes, and farmed. It depended on the tribe when it came to artwork. In some tribes, the men would actually weave baskets and blankets. Natural foods were consumed and hunted. Deer, buffalo, fish, and various birds were the game of choice. Corn, beans, squash, berries, nuts, and melons were the fruits and vegetables that were consumed
Climate Pacific Ocean moderates west coast temperatures. Mild summers, cool winters, much rain on northwest coast. Warm and dry in summer, mild with some rain rest of the year on California coast. Inland Southwest mostly dry with warm summers and cold winters. Warm summers, cold winters, moderate precipitation on northeast and north-central but warmer. Alaska is extremely cold in winter and has spetacular glaciers. Hawaii is tropical. History Before Columbus came to the New World in 1492, the land were inhabited by Native Americans or Indians. After 1492, there was a struggle for land and domination in the New World. England defeated the Spanish navy in 1588. In 1607, it started its first successful colony in America, called ,,Virginia". That was where Captain John Smith met the beautiful Native american princess, Pocahontas. The colonies grew fast, they became the main colonies in the Americas
Nicknames for the flag include the Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, and The Star-Spangled Banner. The flag of the United States is one of the nation's most widely recognized symbols. Within the U.S. it is frequently displayed, not only on public buildings, but on private residences. It is also used as a motif on decals for car windows, and clothing ornaments such as badges and lapel pins. Throughout the world it is used in public discourse to refer to the U.S., not only as a nation, state, government, and set of policies, but also as an ideology and set of ideals. The Statue of Liberty is a huge sculpture that is located on Liberty Island in New York Harbor. This monument was a gift to the USA from the people of France in recognition of the French-American alliance during the American Revolution. The formal name of the statue is "Liberty Enlightening the World." It pictures a woman who has escaping the chains of tyranny
rather the Native Americans, had been living in America. When the Europeans came here, there were probably about 10 million Indians populating America north of present-day Mexico. And they had been living in America for quite some time. It is believed that the first Native Americans arrived during the last ice-age, approximately 20,000 - 30,000 years ago through a land-bridge across the Bering Sound, from northeastern Siberia into Alaska. The oldest documented Indian cultures in North America are Sandia (15000 BC), Clovis (12000 BC) and Folsom (8000 BC) Although it is believed that the Indians originated in Asia, few if any of them came from India. The name "Indian" was first applied to them by Christopher Columbus, who believed that the mainland and islands of America were part of the Indies, in Asia. So, when the Europeans started to arrive in the 16th- and 17th-century they were met by Native Americans
Paine's The Age of Reason, and the Jefferson Bible, but the most influential thinker was undoubtedly John Locke, whose ideas spread to the colonies and across Europe. Main Ideas of the American Enlightenment: The Enlightenment caused a shift in the cultural and social attitudes of the people, bringing in some new and radical ideas. Republicanism: The doctrine of republicanism asserts a system of a government that is elected by the people of the nation. The roots of this ideology go back to ancient Greece, when the concept of a democratic government was examined by philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle. Individual Liberty: "Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness" developed as the motto of this era, which forms the cornerstone of the U.S. Constitution today. Since the colonies had very few individual rights, they declared certain fundamental rights that they deemed "inalienable
The USA In my essay I am going to talk about the United States of America. The USA was discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1492. It is situated between the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans. It is the world's fourth largest country by size (after Russia, Canada and China) and the third by population (after China and India). The third largest citys in the US is: New York (NY) with a population of 8,175,133 and nicknames like The Big Apple, The City That Never Sleeps. It is composed of five boroughs: Manhattanthe home to Central Park and most of the city's skyscrapers, The Bronx, Brooklyn with a distinct downtown neighborhood, Queens the only large county in the United States where the median income among African
The mood of the novel also changes at the beginning, they start out as a happy family. They have 152 dollars, they have two barrels of pork and a truck and hope. The truck is overgrowded they take with them Jim Casey, who is an expreacher and on the way to California they stop at different camps, where they cheat oout money. Finally they have no money, truck in the mud and starvation. This economic decline parallels their moral disintegration, because by the end this ctrong family unit is broken up. The first tragedy happens earlier, their favourite dog is killed, the eldest leaves the family, doesnt want to be a burden. Conney deserts rose, tom becomes fugitive of justice, roses baby is born dead. Casey is killed. When they reach california they find themselves in paradox, many people are starving and many are rich and many plantations. When the Joads just began their journey they did not realize that they were a part of a huge social movement
language. Although British English is considered to be more sophisticated and prestigious than American English, the latter is clearly more featured in television, music, video games and internet, naturally appealing more to English learners than British English. Also, in international communication American English is usually the preferred choice as it is acceptable and easily understandable in any context from Japan to Peru. While British English, especially the Received Pronunciation, is generally viewed as some kind of a “gold standard” in education and is usually focused on in textbooks and dictionaries, it should be remembered that American English has about 10 times more speakers than the RP and thus the significance of it in the today’s world should not be underestimated. 2) Submarine sandwich is ‘a large sandwich consisting of a long roll split lengthwise and
meters tall. Canada has many mountain ranges. In the east there are the Appalachians, Torngats and Laurentias. In the western region there are the Rocky, Coastal and Mackenzie ranges and Mount St. Elias and the Pelly Mountains in the northern regions. Canada has about two million lakes and they cover about 7.6% of Canada's land. The biggest lakes in order by their surface are Lake Huron, Lake Great Bear, Lake Superior, Lake Great Slave (which is also the deepest), Lake Winnipeg, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. There are also a lot of rivers in Canada. The longest river is the Mackenzie River which is 4241 kilometers long. It runs through the Northwest Territories. Other large and important rivers are the St. Lawrence River, the Yukon River, the Columbia River, the Nelson River, the Churchill River and the Fraser River. 4. Land regions Mountains
1) INDIAN ROCK ART: A NATIONAL TREASURE IN DANGER Unrecognized, unprotected, this priceless legacy of primitive art has endured the ravages of nature only to fall victim to wanton destruction by ,,civilized" man. Like the huge stone statues of Easter Island and prehistoric cave paintings of Altamira and Lascaux, North American Indian rock art is surrounded by an atmosphere of mystery. Although examples of rock art exist at some 15000 sites in canyons, deserts, caves and river gorges. Nowadays, however, primitive rock art in the United States has become a new field of scientific study. Klaus F Wellmann wrote two books about rock art. He is a professor of medicine. Rock art represents the history of aboriginal Americans. In the most cases the art is an expression of ideas and way of life, ritual ceremonies, hunting, fighting
people. About the 40% is foreign-born. Although its not the capital it has always been the cultural centre of the whole country. The Statue of Liberty stands in the harbour of New York. A gift from France, she is a strong woman and holds up the torch of freedom. Washington, DC is the capital of the USA. Designed by a French architect, its streets are laid out in a classical geometric pattern. "DC" stands for "District of Columbia", in honour of Christopher Columbus. Chicago is famous for its meat factories and has earned a bad name as a home of gangsters. Los Angeles is an important centre of modern industries. Not far from it is Hollywood, the world-famous centre of the US film business. America has the largest economy of any single country in the world, with a total product of almost $8 trillion a year. Its people have the highest standard of living of any large country in the world; only a few small countries have the higher standards of living
Anthem: "The Star-Spangled Banner" Flag Names: The Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, The Starry Banner Seal: Great Seal of the United States Flag Seal Geography America consists of 50 states. 48 of them are on North American continent and 2 of them (Alaska and Hawaii) are separated. Alaska is separated by Canada and Hawaii lies in the Pacific Ocean. America shares borders with Canada, Mexico and Russia. According to different sources American landmass is from 9,522,055 km2 to 9,826,630 km2 which makes it the third or fourth largest country in the world. America is surrounded by three oceans Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean and Arctic Ocean. It's also bounded with Gulf of Mexico and Bering Strait. The highest point in America is Mount McKinley (6,194 m) in Alaska. The lowest point is Death Valley which lies 86 metres below sea level. The Great Basin Desert is the largest desert in America
USA ajaloo konspekt (algus-Mayflower Compact) 1. Name the regions of the USA New England, Middle Atlantic, South, Midwest, Southwest, West. 2. Name the states that make up each region. NE: Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachutsess, Rhode Island, Connecticut. MA: New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Maryland, Delaware. S: Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Missouri, Arkansas, Kentucky, Tennessee, West Virginia. MW: North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Illinois, Michigan, Kansas, Minnesota, Iowa, Indiana, Wisconsin, Ohio. SW: Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma. W: Washington, Oregon, California, Hawaii, Alaska, Montana, Idaho, Nevada, Colorado, Wyoming, Utah. 3. Compare the geography and population / settlement and cultural background in the following regions: (any two of the 6 regions) New England Middle Atlantic South
American literature The literary history of this nation when the first humanbeing living in what has since become the U.S used language creatively. · Mid to late 18 century put down · Words are powerful, magical · Words must be remembered · Native Americans stories creation of the world · Attidude thought their land/language · Similar stories Dates and names · America was discovered in 1492 by Columbus · 1497 John Cabot went to Canada
Audentese Erakool Frederick Douglas Author: Kristin Liiv Supervisor: Martin Sillaots Tallinn 2007 Frederick Douglas................................................................................................................3 Life as a slave...................................................................................................................3 Early education................................................................................................................ 3 Abolitionist activities.......................................................................................................4 Autobiography...........................................................................................................
Chinese americans Chinese Americans (traditional Chinese or simplified Chinese) are Americans of Chinese descent. Chinese people came to the United States from Singapore, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, Burma, the Philippines, and Taiwan.[6] The first Chinese immigrants arrived in 1820 according to U.S. government records. 325 men are known to have arrived before the 1848California Gold Rush[7] which drew the first significant number of laborers from China who mined for gold and performed menial labor.[8] [9][10] There were 25,000 immigrants by 1852, and 105,465 by 1880, most of whom lived on the West Coast. They formed over a tenth of California's population. Nearly all the early immigrants were young males with low educational levels from six districts in the Guangdong province.[11] But Chinese people were banned from immigrating
Canada. Canada is a very big country in the continent of North America. It is about 10 million square kilometres and that makes it the second largest country in the world after Russia. Quebec (the province) is six times as big as the UK. Canada borders the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, the Arctic Ocean and the USA. The capital of Canada is Ottawa and other main cities are Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver. It is a very developed country. Montreal is the largest city and it is called the Paris of North America because most of the people there speak French. The population of Canada is 28 million people. It is a very multicultural country
2. The flag has 13 red and white stipes which stand for the first states. The flag also has 50 stars on it which represent the states now and the last star is for Hawaii. 3. Their motto is In God We Trust. The national bird is the bald eagle. Symbols : The Lincoln Memorial, The White House, the Statue of Liberty (a gift from France 1886), Uncle Sam, the Jefferson Memorial, the Washington Monument. 4. America was discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1492. Christopher Columbus arrived in the „New World“ in 1492 and thought it was India and called the people Indians. 5. Thomas Jefferson, author of the Declaration of Independence and the third U.S. president, was a leading figure in America’s early development. During the American Revolutionary War (1775-83), Jefferson served in the Virginia legislature and the Continental Congress and was governor of Virginia. 6. The current constitution was adopted in 1788
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