Leidsid 33 sarnast õppematerjali, mis on seotud failiga "My mother tongue in 21th century". Need materjalid aitavad sul teemat sügavamalt mõista.
language, english, years, speak, importance, century, nowadays, popular, almost, possible, foreign, mother, tongue, exist, even, nearly, compared, nothing, changed, gone, expressions, replaced, phrases, among, films, song, lyrics, shows, slang, quite, dies, reason, danger, little, least, travelling, good, several, there, anymore, extinction, protectTallinna Mustamäe Humanitargümnaasium Valeria Jefremenkova ENGLISH AS A GLOBAL LANGUAGE INGLISE KEEL KUI ÜLEMAAILMNE KEEL Research work Supervisor: Jevgenija Kozlova Tallinn 2016 1 Table of Contents СONTENT…………………………………………………………………………………...2 INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………...3
Essey How does the United States influence Estonia? The United States of America with it's global economic and political superpower is one of the most influential countries in the world and therefore it’s influence can also be felt in Estonia. Fluctuations in Estonia’s status as an independent country have had significant impact on the amount of influence from other countries, whether it is the language, eating habits or lifestyle. But how has United States influenced Estonia after we gained our independence? Estonia is not economically dependent on the United States as they are not one of our most important trading partners, but as the economics of the United States has a great influence on the world economy, they can still indirectly have an influence on Estonian economy. In Estonian politics the influence of the United States can be seen the most in relations with NATO
My languages I love different languages. I mean, I really, really love different languages. I also believe and have been told that I pick them up rather easily. That might be true, although I did not pick any Greek up in Greece but that might have been because they spoke so damn fast that I could not tell if it was a word or an entire sentence. The first foreign language I learned was Russian. Considering I was ten when Estonia became a Republic, it makes sense. We began studying Russian in first grade, though it was simplified – "koška" instead of "kot", "medvešonok" instead of "medved", "saichik" etc. Did not make much sense and we mostly played some games in Russian (Tare-tareke etc). Learned as much playing outside, since we had Estonian-Russian kids around as well. Not that we played with them. It's sad
Private School of Audentes Links between English speaking countries and Estonia Author: Kristin Liiv Supervisor: Mari Martma Tallinn 2006 2 Table of contents Introduction..........................................................................................................................4 First links............................................................................................................................. 5
To Protect or not Protect Minor Languages Minor language is a language that is spoken in a minor area in a territory. For example Estonian is a minor language, because it has so little amount of speakers, just over a million comparing to German that has at least 100 million native speakers. Many minor languages have been mixed together or been developed from other languages. I think that the minor languages should be protected, because with languages come with a part of culture and if we terminate the variety of cultures that have developed throughout the evolution of mankind then the world would be boring
Indians in everyday conversation. They are still legally categorized by the Canadian Government under the Indian Act as Status Indians. Those who have lost their legal status are called Non-Status Indians. Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau tried to get rid of the Indian Act, but First Nations political groups insisted on keeping it, because it defines their special status. The Inuit are the people who originally lived in the Arctic. Their language is Inuktitut, but it has several dialects the differ considerably from place to place. The Métis, are the group of people who resulted from the mixing of European and Native men and women. The Métis developed a unique culture that included elements of both European and Native ways and artifacts (clothes, tools, means of travel, etc.). They pride themselves on their distinctiveness from both the cultures from which they are descended. 3
Me and languages. To begin with, language is a congrecation of thoughts and feelings through a system of signals, such as voice sounds, gestures, or written symbols. Communication or language is a process every child learns from birth and during our life we will usually learn many different languages. Due to the fact that both of my parents are Estonians , my mother tongue is Estonian, therefore I can speak and write in it very fluently. I also prefer read the books in Estonian. I know that some people like to do it in some other languages, in English for instance. I am really amused by the Estonian literature. I like to read books and stories from Andrus Kivirähk and F.R. Kreutzwald. English is one of the world most spoken language. You can hear it everywhere, no matter which part of the world are you in. In the third grade of elementary scool I started to
Summary • Early history of translation studies – Cicero and St. Jerome (what did they do/how/why are they relevant to translation studies?) St. Jerome – Greek scholar, did some translation work. Lived during the 4th century. Jerome is best known as the translator of the Bible into Latin. A previous version (now called the Old Latin) existed, but Jerome's version far surpassed it in scholarship and in literary quality. Jerome was well versed in classical Latin (as well as Greek and Hebrew), but deliberately translated the Bible into the style of Latin that was actually spoken and written by the majority of persons in his own time. This kind of Latin is known as Vulgate Latin (meaning the Latin of the common
They say it's unimaginable, boring, tasteless, it's chips with everything and totally overcooked vegetables. The basic ingredients, when fresh, are so full of flavour that British haven't had to invent sauces to disguise their natural taste. What can compare with fresh pees or new potatoes just boiled and served with butter? Why drown spring lamb in wine or cream and spices, when with just one or two herbs it is absolutely delicious? If you ask foreigners to name some typically English dishes, they will probably say "Fish and chips" then stop. It is disappointing, but true that, there is no tradition in England of eating in restaurants, because the food doesn't lend itself to such preparation. English cooking is found at home. So it is difficult to a good English restaurant with a reasonable prices. In most cities in Britain you'll find Indian, Chinese, French and Italian restaurants. In London you'll also find Indonesian, Mexican, Greek..
and where they originated, and what should be considered the first book in the world. Ancient document, written on parchment, papyri and vellum can hardly be qualified as books the way we understand the word today. Centuries went before paper replaced parchment and papyri. In the 15 th century Johann Gutenberg invented a mechanical process of duplicating texts, which we today call book printing. The first book was printed between 1444 and 1446, so these years can be considered as the beginning years of book printing. His most important preserved printings are the 40 copies of the Bible. By the end of the 15 th century there were about 1000 print-shops in Europe already. The oldest Estonian book dates back to 1535. Libraries form a vital part of education. They make available-through books, films, recordings and other media- knowledge that has been accumulated through the ages
we can't remember all that things. They help us to understand things and if you have lots of information you are able to make your own decisions. This is connected with education and media are very good teachers. They highly influence us. They can help other people making charities... News aren't always true, they are not objective or says just half true. Our world is very huge and sending a message from America to Asia a hundred years ago was nearly impossible or it took a lot of time. Nowadays you can send the message in a few seconds and it is very simple. The media makes the world much smaller particularly the TV and the Internet. When you turn on the TV or a computer you can see whole world like it would be in the next village. You can learn the culture and habits of other nationalities, you can see what they are doing right now. The world is also called `the global community village'. There are not only good things about media. Firstly there are always some
Kati-Liis Karu 03.01.2011 The euro in Estonia Joining the European Union in 2004 made people in Estonia think about the changing of currency. We had almost six years to get used to the fact that the Estonian kroon is eventually going to end. In that time there was a lot of discussion about whether we should stick to the kroon or change our money to the euro. Lots of people were afraid that they lose their money during the period of transition - this belief was quite popular among people who still remember the time when the Russian rubles were changed into kroons and did lose much money. Luckily there haven't been any complaints yet.
Tallinn English College Topic Estonia Tallinn 2008 1. Introduction Estonia is a small country about the size of Switzerland, or New Hampshire and Massachussetts combined. Estonia is named after the people called "Ests" who lived in the region in the 1 st century AD. The Republic of Estonia is one of the three countries commonly known as the "Baltic States". The other Baltic States are Latvia and Lithuania. 2. Geographical position Estonia is situated in northeastern Europe. Estonia is bounded on the north by the Gulf of Finland, on the east by Russia, on the south by Latvia and on the west by the Baltic Sea. In the north it borders on Finland. The coastline of the Baltic
Me and languages Nowdays it is very common that one person can speak more than one language. There are people who have to learn different languages at school and people who do it , beacause they want to educate themselves. I think that every person should speak at least 3 languages. My mother tongue is Estonian. I can speak and write it very fluently. I like to read books in estonian and listen songs in Estonian. I know some people who prefer to do it in English. But for me it is more enjoyable to do it in my mother tounge. English is one of the most common languages in the world. Therefore it is very important to speak it. I started learning English in the third grade like most of the students. Before the lessons at school I had already learned the basic of English. My sister is older than me and I was really interested in studying with her. Also very helpful things were cartoons and hollywood films. In everyday life I use English very
Suppletion Present in languages of different families. Present in Old, Middle and Modern English, though the general tendency is towards more regularity/iconicity so the number of suppletive forms has decreased.In the text: goon to go wenden - to turn Gan was suppletive in Old English, past form: eode.Eode was supplanted by went (past form of wenden) at the end of the Middle English period.To wend has survived in Modern English in phrases such as to wend one's way, we wended homewards (ironic usage). Thus: suppletivity- suppletion different parts of one and the same paradigm come from what were originally different paradigms (different words with close meanings or words in different but close dialects).Suppletion embraces verbs, adjectives, nouns. Be was/were been (Old English beon/wesan) (am, art, is, are); in Old English some suppletive
technological factors, economic factors and the trends in Estonian economy compared to Germany and to briefly discuss Estonian business environment. Estonian population The total population of Estonia is 1 313 271 according to Statistics Estonia, of which 69.1% are Estonians, 25.1% Russians, 4.9% of which are of different nationalities for example Ukrainians, Belarusians and Finns. Rest are of unknown nationality. 68.5% of population speaks Estonian as a mother language, 29.6% speaks Russian as a mother language and 0.6% Ukrainian. Estonia has only one official language which is Estonian. According to information by the Institute of the Estonian Language there are about 75% of Estonian people who speak Estonian. The most common foreign languages learned by Estonian students are English, Russian, German and French. Other popular languages include Finnish, Spanish and Swedish. Tallinn is the capital and largest city of Estonia
UNO SOOMERE ESTONIAN SYMPHONIC MUSIC. THE FIRST CENTURY 1896-1996. AN OVERVIEW With a Historical and Cultural Summary IN MEMORY OF THE GREAT ESTONIAN COMPOSERS CONTENTS ESTONIA AND THE ESTONIANS FOREWORD IN THE FOLD OF TSARIST RUSSIA. EMERGENCE AND FIRST STEPS ON THE CLASSICAL-ROMANTIC PATH. HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION I. MUSICAL LIFE IN TARTU AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY. TRAILBLAZERS: ALEKSANDER LÄTE, RUDOLF TOBIAS, ARTUR KAPP. II. THE FIRST DECADE OF THE 20TH CENTURY. ARTUR LEMBA: THE BEGINNING OF ESTONIAN SYMPHONY AND OPERA. III. NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN CULTURAL AND MUSICAL LIFE: THE END OF THE TSARIST PERIOD. THE INDEPENDENT REPUBLIC OF ESTONIA: THE INTRODUCTION OF INNOVATIONS FROM WESTERN ART AND THE EVOLUTION OF NATIONALLY ORIENTED MUSICAL TRENDS. IV. THE TWENTIES. ARTUR KAPP: ROMANTICIST AND DRAMATIST. V
Phonetic SD ("Rhythm And Style") 8. Lexical SD* 9. Syntactic SD* Use lecture notes 10. Graphical means and devices 11. Common literary and common colloquial vocabulary 12. Special literary vocabulary 13. Special colloquial vocabulary 14. Metre in English poetry. Modifications of metre ("Rhythm and Text") 15. Typically English stanzas ("Rhythm and Text") 16. Rhythm in poetry and in prose ("Rhythm and Text") Study independently 17. Varieties of language (I. Galperin "Stylistics") 18. Emotive prose (I. Galperin "Stylistics") 19. Scientific prose style (I. Galperin "Stylistics")
Today, I shall compare the Baltic country, Estonia, and the largest country in Oceania, Australia. Largely they are going to be very different but still sharing little similarities. This essay will go in- depth about what makes these two nations so different. First I'm going to write about Estonia, a country within Europe. Estonia is quite small when compared to the other its neighbours with a land of 45.227 square kilometres and a population estimated at 1.3 million. The Estonian people largely speak Estonian but many of them also speak Russian and English, Russian more common as a secondary language. As being Estonian we know that less is always more. Best to be concise and to the point. Talking a lot and taking centre stage is considered rude and disrespectful. Estonians are known as hardworking, responsible, rule-obedient simple people. For example there is law that after 18 years old finished with school, men need to serve military for one year
English structure revision for the exam 1. Terms Language → A systematic, conventional (tavakohane) use of sounds, signs or written symbols in a human society for communication and self-expression. Human language at all levels is rule- or principle- governed (valitsema) meaning that language corresponds to the grammar. Natural language is usually spoken, while language can also be encoded into symbols (such as letters, morse etc) For example: Estonian, English. Linguistics → The scientific study of human natural language. Broadly, there are three aspects to the study which are Pragmatics (studies the use of language → interested in the gap between the sentence’s meaning and the speaker’s meaning). Semantics (concerned with the meaning of the language aspects and the way they change, also how objects and language and thinking and language are related).
These criminals are doing what nature, environment, their unconscious tells them to do. Naturalists do not judge their characters, they simply report. Try to describe facts like they are. Naturalists depict the lower, coarser forms of life. · Drab, squallid set of scene. Revolting, disgusting · Characters are people with strong animal desires · Neurotic characters unable to understand the forces that control them · By the end of the 18th century the naturalism depicts in europe, but stars to become the literature method no 1 in america · Naturalism appealed American authors because they found it very right to describe what was going on in the turn of century in America · They wanted something fresh, new · They were disgusted by romantics · Showed the harsh tone in moral life · Refleced the development of science · Period of intense urbanisation, the city is in the center of the novel, often
1) Standard and non-standard varieties of English Standard varieties of English are the varieties of the English language that are considered to be a norm and are spoken and written by the minority (educated people). This is the optimum for educational purposes. The standard varieties of English are: BrEng (British), EngEng (English), NAmEng (North-America), USEng (United States), CanEng (Canada), AusEng (Australia), NZEng (New Zealand). Standard English (British English) is the most widely accepted and understood among native speakers, learned by foreigners. It is used in broadcasting, TV, news etc. It doesn't concern pronounciation (accent), but grammar and vocabulary. It includes formal and informal styles. British Standard English grammar and vocabulary, together with the RP accent should be called English English. RP (Received Pronounciation) is an accent that originates from South-East of England. A
Introduction: Hi, I'm here to talk about the advantages and disadvantages of using legal English. How many of you have had to use/have had any interaction with legal English? Well, I, myself, apart from learning it in this class, have never, but many others have. Legal English dates back to thousands of years and it is an essential part of law. Lately, in some cases, legalese has been smoothly replaced with plain language and for some it is unacceptable. So, why use legal English when there is already plain language that can be used instead? Body 1: Firstly, we all like to follow traditions, right? So do most lawyers. You know Latin was and is important for English law, the practice of using Latin word versus in case names (for "against") still occurs daily. Why change something that has been used and appreciated for thousands of years? Law is known for it's conservatism and legalese might have maintained so well because many lawyers
Freedom of speech is a wide speared conception. I can understand it in many different ways. For example in my state, Estonia, the freedom is a very important for every human. At least to me it is seemed to be like that. But at school is a little bit sad story with freedom of speech. Some teachers are not used that student expresses her own strong opinion. When another way some teachers are just waitening it. As well as people can not speak along with state public topics and express their opinion. Therefore freedom of speech is debateable. Already from the old times Estonians have been fighting for their own freedom, because they do not like to allow to another country or state, foreign public and foreign language. Estonian public have been fighting with German, Russian and a lot of other states. Estonians has strongly tried to keep alive their own nationality, independent that Estonia is a very small state in
Topic Sports Tallinn English College 8b form 2007 1. Introduction For some people sport plays a very important part in their lives. And to some, it is even a way of life. There are different kinds of sports. For instance, there are sports meant for playing indoors, some can be practised only at a certain time of year. There are winter and summer sports also. Skiing, figure-skating, sledding and snowboarding these four most popular are practised during winter. Good examples of summer sports are: swimming, badminton, roller skating and golf. 2. The ancient Olympic Games The first recorded Olympic Games took place in 776. B.C. at Olympia but the city may have functioned as a meeting place for worship and other political practices many years earlier. The city is located in western Greece. The games were held every four years. It is also presumed
Next Õllesummer festival will take place between 8-12 July 2009 in Tallinn Song Festival Grounds and offers again a huge variety of Estonian and International artists, special projects for the whole family. Beer culture plays a basic role in Õllesummer the festival has its origins in a beer festival and up to this day more than a hundred different beers from around the world can be tasted at Õllesummer.Food is offered at a number of different cuisine restaurants and cafes. Over the years many performers and starts have appeared at the festival. In 2007 more than a hundred performers appeared at more than ten stages. The selection of music varies from jazz to rock and disco. It is a great Estonian party which cannot be found anywhere else in the world. Estonian Song Festival (Laulupidu) The AllEstonian Song Festival (Laulupidu) happens in Tallinn every five years, and gives a privileged insight into Estonian music and culture
1. STYLE The term "style" is polysemantic (has many meanings): a Latin word "stilus" originally meant a writing instrument used by ancient people. Already in classical Latin the meaning was extended to denote the manner of expressing one's ideas in written or oral form. Jonathan Swift defined style as "proper words in proper places". In present day English the word "style" is used in about a dozen of principle meanings: 1. the characteristic manner in which a writer expresses his/her ideas (e.g. style of Byron) 2. the manner of expressing ideas, characteristic of a literary movement or period 3. the use of language typical of a literary genre (e.g. the style of a comedy, drama, novel). 4. the selective use of language that depends on spheres / areas of human activity (e.g. style of fiction, scientific prose,
Style The term style is a polysemantic one. The latin word ,,stilus" meant a writing instrument used by the ancients for writing on waxed tablets. Already, in classical latin the meaning of style was extended to denote the manner of expressing one's ideas in written or oral form. One of the abts/the best was given by Jonathan Swift: ,,Proper words in proper places." In present- day english, the world style is used in about half a dozen basic meanings. 1. the characteristic manner in which a writer expresses his ideas. Some speak about the style of Hemingway, Dickens etc. 2. the manner of expressing ideas, characteristic of a literary movement or period. Style of symbolism, romanticism 3. the use of language to pick a literary genre-comedy, novel, drama, O.D (poetic form) etc. 4
The southern part of Viljandi county catches the eye with its sublime scenery. The area today lies in the very heart of the historical Mulgimaa the home of hills, deep valleys and lakes brought together by a beauty spot Halliste primeval valley. According to several folk tales, it is also in these valleys, woods and bogs that Old Nick found refuge.The great variety displayed in the nature is also reflected in the local cultural heritage. At the beginning of the 19th century growing linen spread and became the basis of the legendary wealth of Mulgi farms. The ancient barn-dwellings and decaying manor houses are the mute witnesses of those times. The riches and cultural heritage of Mulgimaa owe to the diligence and tenacity of the local people. Village handicraftsmen and masters have always been honoured. Mulgikapsad (stewed sauerkraut with barley groats), Estonian cheesecakes and kama (a roasted meal-mixture) have not lost their popularity.
The high level of urbanisation on the island has contributed to a species extinction rate that is about 100 times greater than the background species extinction rate. 2 The History of the Great Britain The island was first inhabited by people who crossed over the land bridge from the European mainland. Traces of early humans have been found (at Boxgrove Quarry, Sussex) from some 500,000 years ago and modern humans from about 30,000 years ago. Until about 10,000 years ago, Great Britain was joined to Ireland, and as recently as 8,000 years ago it was joined to the continent by a strip of low marsh to what is now Denmark and the Netherlands. Britain in the reign of Elizabeth 3 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; born 21 April 1926) is the
1734) married Isaac Roosevelt, which makes her the great-great-grandmother of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, president of the US from 193345. · Hans Rebane = 1897 founded the first Estonian-language newspaper in the US Eesti Ameerika Postimees (published in NY until 1911) · 1898 founded an Estonian Lutheran congregation in NY (still exists today) 2. Signficant waves of migration from Estonia to the US in the 20th century, their reasons. *The failure of the 1905 Revolution: The first significant wave of immigration · Brought a strong Socialist contingent to the United States; led to the formation of many Estonian American Socialist and Communist organizations. * The 1920s30s: · Establishment of independent Estonia · Tightening of American immigration laws · Estonian immigration to the United States slowed down dramatically
and Estonia? In England, there's common to sing Carol's and for children, Christmas means pantomimes plays based on fairy tales which combine comedy, dance and song. A traditional Christmas dinner includes roast turkey with roast potatoes, a range of vegetables, cranberry sauce etc., followed by Christmas pudding and Christmas cake. The pulling of crackers(and the wearing of paper hats) before the meal is quite popular. Afterwards many watch the Queen's traditional Christmas address on TV at 3 pm. Christmas actually contains of 3 days: Christmas Eve, Christmas Day and Boxing Day. The latter is the first day after Christmas or the first Monday after Christmas if Christmas is on Friday or Saturday. 3. What is the same and what is different about the way Easter is celebrated in England and Estonia? Easter lasts for 4 days in Britain: from Good Friday to Eas-ter Monday. Schools
Society and culture of english-sspeaking countries Introduction 1. The countries of the world where the English language is spoken. 2. Approximate number of mother tongue speakers of English approximately 350-400 million native speakers. Which place does English occupy in the world by its number of speakers?After which language? English occupies second place by its number of speakers after Mandarin Chinese. 3. What is the difference between English as a Second Language, English as a Foreign Language and English for Specific Purposes? Give examples of situations where they are used. English as a Second Language (ESL or TESL) is a traditional term for the use or study of the English language by non-native speakers in an English-speaking environment. That environment may be a country in which English is the mother tongue (e.g., Australia, the U.S.) or one in which English has an established role (e.g., India, Nigeria)
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