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2009-09-23
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crystella353
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Toompea (from German Domberg – Cathedral Hill ) is a limestone hill with an area of about 7 hectares in the central part of Tallinn. It towers about 30-40 m above the surrounding areas. According to the legend it´s the tumulus mound over the grave of the national hero Kalev, erected stone by stone in his memory by his grieving wife Linda. It is the birthplace of Tallinn - a place where in 1229 the Knights of the Sword built a fortress instead of the wooden Estonian stronghold. Toompea Castle is also one of the most potent symbols of the reigning power. Today Toompea is the seat of the Government of Estonia as well as the Riigikogu, both of which are often simply colloquially referred to as Toompea. For centuries there was only one access to Toompea - Pikk Jalg - but there is also another way leading up to Toompea - Lühike Jalg, which was made in the 14th century. At present Pikk Jalg and Lühike Jalg are used only by pedestrians. Until
In the Middle ages, it was the place where the bishops and the nobility resided. Here the landed gentry built their beautiful town houses. Most of the remaining buildings were erected after the big fire on Toompea in 1684. Historically, the fortress on Toompea consisted of two parts : the small fortress (today's Toompea Castle) and the big fortress (The rest of Toompea). Pikk Hermann is the best-known corner tower among the three surviving ones of Toompea Castle. It is 46 metres high and serves as one of Estonia's landmarks. Tall Hermann was a traditional name given to the main towers of German castles. After the 50-year long Soviet occupation, the Estonian blue-black-white tricolour was once again hoisted on Pikk Hermann on 24 February 1989. The Cathedral of St. Mary the Virgin (Toomkirik or the Dome Church) was consecrated as a single- nave church with a rectangular chancel in 1240, and rebuilt into a Gothic basilica thereafter. The
Edinburgh Castle is an ancient stronghold which dominates the sky-line of the city of Edinburgh from its position atop Castle Rock. It is Scotland's second most visited tourist attraction. Human habitation of the site is dated back as far as the 9th century BC. As it stands today though, few of the castle's structures pre-date the Lang Siege of the 16th century, with the notable exception of St Margaret's Chapel, the oldest surviving building in Edinburgh, which dates from the early 12th century.As with all castles, Edinburgh's fortress has been a centre of military activity
TOOMPEA CASTLE Toompea Castle is a castle on Toompea hill Perched on a limestone cliff and towering over the rest of the city Time has been generous to Toompea castle -the well-protected fortress has been almost impregnable Location History Story of rulers and power in Estonia As times and rulers changed so did power and mentalities Today, we can find here buildings mostly dating from 3 periods: - the medieval order's stronghold with its impressive western wall and towers - the Russian-era government administration building with a facade representing classical styles and opening onto Castle Square
It was laid in the 15th century. The massive wooden gate with ironworks dates from the 17th century. Long Leg was used by vehicles. Until the 20th century there was no way down form the western side of Toompea except for a foot-path. The stairs were built in 1903 and are called Patkul Stairs. The name Patkul itself comes from Johann Patkul. He had worked against the Swede, so Patkul was remembered by Russians. In the Middle Ages that part of Toompea where the castle stands was called the Small Fortress. The rest of the hill with the homes of the feudal lords and bishop of Tallinn was called the Big Fortress. The main building, the centre of the Small Fortress, was the Convention House- a building where the members of the knighthood lived. In the 1920s the reconstruction of the building was carried out. The northern part of it became the seat of the State Assembly of the Estonian Republic.
The Bishropic Castle of Kuressaare Location The castle locates in Kuressare in the center of Saaremaa county. Exterior/interior The castle is a good example of late Gothic style because of it´s strict exterior and tasty architectual elements. It´s made from big blocks of dolomite and has a big yard in the center.There are two towers on the northen side of the building: The Watch Tower, also called Tall Herman, and the Defence Tower. The entrance to the castle is also situated on the northen side. The castle has many parts. One part is basement, what was used as store and household room. That included kitchen, brewing room and furance. The second part is the main floor. It was built very elaborately, because there situated the most important rooms. A chaple the highest room in the castle is situated in the south corner. In the nortwestern corner are bishop´s living rooms. Main room also includes a big dining room and two beautiful balconies.
· Suuremõisa Castle. Suuremõisa Castle was built in the second half of the 18th century on the initiative of Countess EbbaMargaretha Stenbock (17041776). The wings are erected in 1772. There are 64 rooms in the Castle. 6 ponds were dug in the grounds of the Castle and a park and a garden established. In 1796 the Castle was sold to Baron UngernSternberg. The attic of the Castle has doubleceiling, where the Baron used to hide the treasures stolen from ships that had sunk in the Näkimadalad. On 19 October 1802 the Baron killed Karl Johannes Malm, the Captain (of Swedish origin) of his ship "Brig Morian", in this Castle. For this the baron was deported to Siberia. There are currently two schools in the Castle: Suuremõisa Gymnasium and Suuremõisa Technical School. In the latter one can also study how to become a ship's captain.
The times and rulers changed and so did power and mentalities – each new ruler built and fortified this place according to his needs and taste. Today, visitors to Toompea can find here buildings mostly dating from three periods: the medieval order’s stronghold with its impressive western wall and towers, the most well-known of which is the tower of Tall Herman; the Russian-era government administration building with a facade representing classical styles and opening onto Castle Square; and the building of the Riigikogu, which originates from the time of the First Republic of Estonia and is hidden behind the walls of the castle Time has been generous to Toompea castle. The well-protected fortress has been almost impregnable. It has been spared big fires and, even more importantly, the palace has always had its masters. Being a centre of power also meant that the best master builders and architects of their time worked here.
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