Leidsid 33 sarnast õppematerjali, mis on seotud failiga "What is acid rains?". Need materjalid aitavad sul teemat sügavamalt mõista.
tion, light, essay, formed, fuels, oxide, turn, tank, bulbs, often, burn, trips, sure, rains, morning, burning, fossil, such, coal, sulfur, effects, even, lung, those, asthma, linked, things, machine, full, load, lights, rooms, away, gone, period, conditioner, install, instead, reduce, reuse, recycle, fire, going, work, could, walk, ride, bike, placeIn the atmosphere they react with water, oxygen and other chemicals to form more acidic pollutants, known as acid rain. Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides dissolve very easily in water and can be carried very far by wind. As a result, the two compounds travel long distances where they become part of the rain, sleet, snow or fog. SO2 and NOx come mainly from power stations and factories burning fossil fuels, or from motor vehicles. · Carbon dioxide in the air can dissolve in rain water to form carbonic acid, H 2CO3 CO2 + H2O H2CO3 · During the last century the rain water in some parts of the world has become far more acidic. This acid rain has been caused by the emission of pollutants gasses such as sulfuric dioxide, when goal is burned in electric power stations, sulfur impurities form sulfur dioxide S + O2 SO2
.....................................................................................................................................58 16.5 How Does Natural Gas Impact the Environment? .................................................. 58 PETROLEUM (OIL)......................................................................................................... 59 17.1 Where Do We Get Our Oil?..................................................................................... 59 17.2 What Fuels Are Made From Crude Oil?...................................................................60 17.3 How Does Oil Impact The Environment?................................................................60 3 ENERGY STORY Once upon a time, in a town not far away, there was an 8th grader who was afraid of the dark. Her name was Jules. She was also afraid of the quiet, and of the cold. So she always
FIND OUT 5 WAYS HOW TO STOP DEFORESTATION. 7. Ocean Acidification: It is a direct impact of excessive production of CO2. 25% of CO2 produced by humans. The ocean acidity has increased by the last 250 years but by 2100, it may shoot up by 150%. The main impact is on shellfish and plankton. Acid Rain: Acid rain occurs due to the presence of certain pollutants in the atmosphere. Acid rain can be caused due to burning of fossil fuels or erupting volcanoes or rotting vegetation which release sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere. Acid rain is a known environmental problem that can have serious effect on human health, wildlife and aquatic species. FIND OUT 5 WAYS HOW TO REDUCE OCEAN ACIDIFICATION AND 5 WAYS THAT WOULD HELP TO PREVENT ACID RAIN POLLUTION. 8. Water Pollution: Clean drinking water is becoming a rare commodity. Water is becoming an economic
Acid rains Stefani Nimtsuk What is acid rain? Rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic It can have harmful effects on plants, aquatic animals, and infrastructure through the process of wet deposition Acid rain is caused by emissions of compounds of ammonium, carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids History Since the Industrial Revolution, emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides to the atmosphere have increased In 1852, Robert Angus Smith was the first to show the relationship between acid rain and atmospheric pollution in Manchester, England Though acidic rain was discovered in 1852, it was not until the late 1960s that scientists began widely observing and studying the phenomenon The term "acid rain" was generated in 1972 Canadian Harold Harvey was among the first to research a "dead" lake Public awareness of acid rain in the U.S increased in the 1970s after the New York Times prom
Normal rain water is slightly acidic and has a pH range of 5.3-6.0. Acid deposition is anything below that scale. It is also important to note that the pH scale is logarithmic and each whole number on the scale represents a 10-fold change. Causes and History of Acid Rain Acid deposition can occur via natural sources like volcanoes and rotting vegetation but it is mainly caused by the release of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide during fossil fuel combustion. When these gases are discharged into the atmosphere they react with the water, oxygen, and other gases already present there to form sulfuric acid, ammonium nitrate, and nitric acid. These acids then disperse over large areas because of wind patterns and fall back to the ground as acid rain or other forms of precipitation. The gases responsible for acid deposition are normally a byproduct of electric power generation and the burning of coal
cubs safely. But most of these animals get into zoo's in their childhood and when they are grown-up, they can't be put back in the wild-life, cause they cant manage to get food on their own etc. And the places, where the poachers hunt these animals, should be guarded, that the poachers would be captured. Deforestation Also, deforestation is dangerous to animals. Deforestation means, when trees are often cut down, to produce furniture or something else. When the trees are cut down, animals have no place to live or hide themselves from the hunters, so many of them become extinct. Trees, including forests play an important part of the air, that we breathe, cause they produce oxygen, so the less trees and plants, the less oxygen. But there are often held planting campaigns, where people plant their own tree and during a few years, the trees are high enough, to form a new part of the forest
areas.[2] Industrial acid rain is a substantial problem in Europe, China,[8][9] Russia and areas down- wind from them. These areas all burn sulfur-containing coal to generate heat and electricity.[10] The problem of acid rain not only has increased with population and industrial growth, but has become more widespread. The use of tall smokestacks to reduce local pollution has contributed to the spread of acid rain by releasing gases into regional atmospheric circulation.[11][12] Often deposition occurs a considerable distance downwind of the emissions, with mountainous regions tending to receive the greatest deposition (simply because of their higher rainfall). An example of this effect is the low pH of rain (compared to the local emissions) which falls in Scandinavia. Many ecosystems are affected by acid rain. Bodies of water, such as lakes and rivers, see many of their inhabitants die off due to rising acidity levels. Acidic water also ruins plant nutrients, hurting
Many scientists criticized Mr. Hansen's report, and the debate over global warming continues today. Current fears stem largely from the fact that global warming is occurring at such a rapid pace. Models are predicting that over the next century, the global temperature will rise by several degrees. Some scientists still do not think that the effects of global warming are as severe as some people say. They think that droughts, hurricanes, and floods often blamed on global warming might actually have other causes. One major difficulty in studying global warming is the fact that weather data only exists for the last century and a half. As a result, understanding the present and predicting the future are very difficult. Rain forest destruction The atmosphere and oceans are not the only parts of the environment being damaged. Rain forests are being quickly destroyed as well, and their survival is questionable. E.O
that photographic plates stored in the dark near uranium were blackened like X-ray plates, which had been just recently discovered at the time 1895. It is energy released by the splitting (fission) or merging together (fusion) of the nuclei of atoms. The conversion of nuclear mass to energy is consistent with the mass-energy equivalence formula E = m.c², in which E = energy release, m = mass defect, and c = the speed of light in a vacuum. Nuclear chemistry can be used as a form of alchemy to turn lead into gold or change any atom to any other atom (albeit through many steps). Radionuclide (radioisotope) production often involves irradiation of another isotope (or more precisely a nuclide), with alpha particles, beta particles, or gamma rays. Iron has the highest binding energy per nucleon of any atom. If an atom of lower average binding energy is changed into an atom of higher average binding energy, energy is given off. What is nuclear fusion?
Simple and small ways affect the enviroment for the better Everyone can do something for the enviroment. All of us should do something, because enviroment is very important to people. Our planet is changing and we need to help it change for the better. One way how to help the enviroment is saving energy. You should switch off anything, that uses electricity. If you’re not using it, then turn it off, it’s simple. This goes for lights, televisions and so on. Also try unplugging if possible, because even when an appliance is turned off, it still may use power. You could switch your light bulbs to LED light bulbs, because these are using less energy and even last longer. If you use renewable energy sources, you won’t cause burning fossil fuels, that causes pollution. Another way how to help the enviroment would be saving water. Turn off the water, when you’re not using it
Futhermore, the rain reduces the pollution. Air pollutants such as ozone, nitrogen oxides, and sulphur dioxide also have harmful effects on natural ecosystem. A clean air supply is essential to our own health and that of the environment. But since the industrial revolution, the quality of the air we breathe has deteriorated considerably - mainly as a result of human activities. The pollutant emissions from road vehicles are regulated separately for light-duty vehicles (cars and light vans) and for heavy-duty vehicles (trucks and buses). It is located in the atmosphere, air pollution is able to travel easily. As a result, air pollution is a global problem and has been the subject of global cooperation and conflict. Some areas now suffer more than others from air pollution. Cities with large numbers of automobiles or those that use great quantities of coal often suffer most severely from problems of air pollution. Every day, the average
4¢/kWh. Though in some G8 nations the cost can be significantly higher at 7.88p (~15¢/kWh).Achieving further cost reductions as indicated in the table below requires further technology development, market deployment, an increase in production capacities to mass production levels,and of the establishment of an emissions trading scheme and/or carbon tax which would attribute a cost to each unit of carbon emitted; thus reflecting the true cost of energy production by fossil fuels which then could be used to lower the cost/kWh of these renewable energies. Type 2001 energy costs Wind 48 ¢/kWh Solar photovoltaic 25160 ¢/kWh Solar thermal 1234 ¢/kWh
Recycling What is Green Energy? -It is energy resources that are renewable -Can be naturally replenished -Clean, Safe and not harmful to the environment (aka mother earth) Types of Green Energy Green Energy going cute Solar Power · Is produced by using photovoltaic cells, which capture sunlight and turns that into energy. Problems ? -The sun has got to shine -The cost of solar panels and the systems range between $20k-40k -The light from the sun produces a very small amount of energy Wind Power -These giant pinwheels spin from strong winds which spins a turbine of a generator to produce energy. Giant Pin Wheels? Any Studies done? · It is said that wind · Bentek Energy did the energy is suppose to Study and used about bring down costs and 1/3 of the US population reduce the in the air. for 2 years. · Well Forbes found a · The claims of cutting
.. H: - Oh! Would you like to cash money-order? Have you got your passport with you? J: - Yeah, certainly. H: - Then, they'll cash your money order without fail. J: - Ok, I'll go to that counter and speak to clerk. Wait for me, please! Can you go and by tickets with me after this? H: - Certainly! Discuss the functions of post office H: - There are a lot of functions of post office. Of course, we have friends in different parts of the world, but it's really expensive to call them often. J: - Yes. Some people can use Internet, but not everyone is provided with it. So, then you can send letters... H: - Oh, yeah! It's really convenient! You can send even photos, is spite of the fact that the envelope is heavy. You can just send registered letter! J: - And if you don't know the exact address of addressee, you can send post restante letters. H: - And we can send even gifts for birthdays! Of course, it's not cheep, but it's better than nothing. I mean sending parcels.
related water pollution by 50 more than half a million trees every percent. If it isn't recycled it can week. take a million years to decompose. . RECYCLE OLD CELL PHONES RECYCLE UNWANTED WIRE The average cell phone lasts around HANGERS 18 months, which means 130 million Wire hangers are generally made phones will be retired each year. If of steel, which is often not they go into landfills, the phones and accepted by some recycling their batteries introduce toxic programs. So what do you do with substances into our environment. There are plenty of reputable them? Most dry cleaners will programs where you can recycle your accept them back to reuse or phone, many which benefit noble recycle. causes. RECYCLE
I retold it to dozens of people over the subsequent month, and the response was always the same: agreement and nodding. This book, it seemed, had to be written. The wider world thinks I'm obsessed with time management, but they haven't seen the other --much more legitimate, much more ridiculous--obsession. I've recorded almost every workout I've done since age 18. I've had more than 1,000 blood tests1 performed since 2004, sometimes as often as every two weeks, tracking everything from complete lipid panels, insulin, and hemoglobin A1c, to IGF-1 and free testosterone. I've had stem cell growth factors imported from Israel to reverse "permanent" injuries, and I've own to rural tea farmers in China to discuss Pu-Erh tea's e ects on fat-loss. All said and done, I've spent more than $250,000 on testing and tweaking over the last decade. Just as some people have avant-garde furniture or artwork to decorate their homes, I have
can get into the blood vessels and are carried to other parts of the body. Cigarette smoke contains over 4,000 chemicals, including over 50 known carcinogens (causes of cancer) and other poisons. In addition to different kinds of cancer (mouth, nose, throat, larynx, gullet, pancreas, bladder, cervix, blood, and kidney) it also may cause heart diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, fasten your ageing and have impact on your fertility. There are also other conditions where smoking often causes worse symptoms. For example: asthma, flu, chest infections, tuberculosis, chronic rhinitis, diabetic retinopathy, hyperthyroidism, multiple sclerosis, optic neuritis, and Crohn's disease. What makes matters worse is the fact that smoking doesn't harm only the smokers but also people around them. Those people are called passive smokers. Children who live in a home where there's a smoker or come in contact with cigarette smoke
1. Slow down. Obey the speed limit even if every other car is surpassing it. Remember that police officers often stay hidden from view while looking for speeders. If you're caught driving too fast, they won't hesitate to give you a ticket. 2. 2 Let others pass you. Defensive driving means letting others go ahead-not defending your position in traffic. Avoid the urge to be a vigilante ("Oh yeah? Let me show you what it's like to be cut off like that!") Accept the fact that someone is always going to think they're in more of a hurry than you. These
PETROLEUM PRESENTATION Petroleum (L. petroleum, from Greek: Πέτρα (rock) + Latin: oleum (oil) is a naturally occurring flammable liquid consisting of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights and other liquid organic compounds, that are found in geologic formations beneath the Earth's surface. The name Petroleum covers both naturally occurring unprocessed crude oils and petroleum products that are made up of refined crude oil. A fossil fuel, it is formed when large quantities of dead organisms, usually zooplankton and algae, are buried underneath sedimentary rock and undergo intense heat and pressure. Petroleum is recovered mostly through oil drilling. This comes after the studies of structural geology (at the reservoir scale), sedimentary basin analysis, reservoir characterization (mainly in terms of porosity and permeable structures). It is refined and separated, most easily by boiling point, into a large number of consumer products, from
Each cigarette contains about 10 milligrams of nicotine. Nicotine is what keeps people smoking despite its harmful effects. Because the smoker inhales only some of the smoke from a cigarette and not all of each puff is absorbed in the lungs, a smoker gets about 1 to 2 milligrams of the drug from each cigarette. A drop of pure nicotine would kill a person-in fact, nicotine can be used as a pesticide on crops. You might hear cigarettes referred to as smokes, cigs, or butts. Smokeless tobacco is often called chew, dip, spit tobacco, or snuff. How Many Teens Use It? More than 3 and one-half million teens between the ages of 12 and 17 use tobacco-that's about 15 percent of teens that age. Of those, just over 3 million, or 13 percent, smoke cigarettes. In the U.S., 66.5 million people, or about 29 percent of the population, use tobacco. With each puff of a cigarette, a smoker pulls nicotine into his or her lungs where it is absorbed into the blood
Global Warming One of the biggest issues our planet and its inhabitants are facing nowadays is global warming. Global warming, also often referred to as the greenhouse effect, has not always been a problem. However, over the last centuries, since the Industrial Revolution things have changed. Polar regions are melting, species are dying, climate zones are shifting, migration patterns for animals such as polar bears and birds are being disrupted our world as we know it is changing. Some scientists believe that the climate will reach a tipping point, a point
Name at least 3 renewable energy sources. What consequence might there be if we use non-renewable energy too much? Which energy technology is the world's fastest growing? With what name is renewable energy also known as? Light Heat Electricity Generated from natural resources. Doesn't harm the environment. Can't be replenished Most of our energy. May cause global warming. Wind energy is the fastest growing. Most renewable energy comes from the sun. Hydroelectric energy is the oldest and largest source. Renewable energy a.k.a "green" energy. Thank you for listening! We use energy every day. It surrounds us in different forms, such as light, heat, and electricity
The names of mountains, seas, rivers and lakes are proper nouns. Mount Everest the Thames Lake Michigan the Alps the Himalayas the Dead Sea the Pacific Ocean Niagara Falls Mount Fuji the Yellow River you kn id o D w You often use the before names of oceans, ? rivers, seas and ranges of mountains. Mount means mountain. It is often used in the names of mountains. For example: Mount Everest Mount St. Helens The written short form for Mount is Mt. For example: Mt. Everest, Mt. Fuji 17
Tests Superstar 1 Luke Prodromou Test 1 Name____________________ Class_______ Use your English 1 Complete these sentences using the correct form (present simple or present continuous) of the verb in brackets. _ 1 She is in a band and she _________________________________ (record) a CD at the moment. _ 2 She is an actress and often _________________________________ (appear) on television. _ 3 At the moment she _________________________________ (have) a rest because she is tired. _ 4 Mike is a doctor and he _________________________________ (live) in Manchester. _ 5 I _________________________________ (start) work at 8.30 every morning. _ 6 He is a good cook but she _________________________________ (prefer) to eat out. _ 7 English tests _________________________________ (get) more and more interesting.
moderate, without striking difference between seasons. It is not very cold in winter and never very hot in summer. So, the British ports are ice-free and its rivers are not frozen throughout the year. The weather on the British Isles has a bad reputation. It is very changeable and fickle. The British say that there is a climate in other countries, but we have just weather. If you don't like the weather in England, just wait a few minutes. It rains very often in all seasons in Great Britain. Autumn and winter are the wettest. The sky is usually grey and cold winds blow. On the average, Britain has more than 200 rainy days a year. The English say that they have 3 variants of weather: when it rains in the morning, when it rains in the afternoon, and when it rains all day long. Sometimes it rains so heavily, that they say «It's raining cats and dogs». Britain is known all over the world for its fogs. Sometimes fogs are so thick that it's
Hello. I want you to meet John Smith. I'm so pleased to meet you. This is Jane Smith. I'm Jane Smith. My name's John Smith. Informal introduction Hi. John. Jane. Hello. Titles: Mr Mrs Miss Ms Ms is a modern form of address for women. It replaces the traditional forms of Mrs and Miss. Greetings Good morning/afternoon/evening! 'How are you?' Very often people expect you to say something positive. Here's a breakdown of how you can express how you really are without complaining too much. · Fine, thanks. / On top of the world, thanks. · OK, thanks · Not so bad, thanks. / Can't complain, thanks. · So so, thanks. / So and so, thanks. · Not so good, actually 1 The English alphabet
(Past) You’ll have to study hard when you go to university. (Future) She’s a millionaire. She’s never had to do any work. (Present Perfect) I hate having to get up early. (-ing form) If you were a policeman, you would have to wear a uniform. (Infinitive) Question • Must I ...? is possible, but question forms with have to are more common. Do I have to do what you say, or can I do what I want? • Should I/she/we ...? is possible. We often use Do you think ...? Should I try to eat less? Do you think I should see a doctor? Use • Must and have to both express strong obligation. Must is used to express an obligation that involves the speaker’s opinion. It is personal: I must get my hair cut. (This is me talking to me.) You must do your homework regularly. (A teacher talking to students) Must is also associated with a formal, written style:
"Delivery is more important than content." Arch Lustberg, speech trainer According to wellknown social anthropologist Edward T. Hall, 60% of our communication is nonverbal. That means whenever we stand before an audience, our stance, our posture, our facial expressions, our hand gestures, our whole body dynamic communicate more than our actual spoken words. A stiff, immobile speaker is often a boring and usually ineffective speaker as. It is therefore essential to know how to be physically relaxed, which will allow your actions to complement your words. Before we start, two important definitions: A podium is the raised platform at the front of the room where speakers stand to deliver presentations; it is also called the dais (pronounced dayus). The stand used to hold notes is called the lectern. A lectern
balance, which will help keep you mobile and less prone to injury from falls -- especially as you age. - improve circulation. Stretching increases blood flow to your muscles. Improved circulation can speed recovery after muscle injuries. - promote better posture. Frequent stretching keeps your muscles from getting tight, allowing you to maintain proper posture and minimize aches and pains. - relieve stress. Stretching relaxes the tense muscles that often accompany stress. - may help prevent injury. Preparing your muscles and joints for activity can protect you from injury, especially if your muscles or joints are tight. There are simple exercises you can do at work that don't take much time and also help you stay fit. When performing these stretches, make sure to go by the feel of the stretch - this is far more important than how far you stretch (or even how far others stretch). It's also not
Air pollution can have serious consequences for the health of human beings, and also severely affects natural ecosystems. Because it is located in the atmosphere, air pollution is able to travel easily. As a result, air pollution is a global problem and has been the subject of global cooperation and conflict. Some areas now suffer more than others from air pollution. Cities with large numbers of automobiles or those that use great quantities of coal often suffer most severely from problems of air pollution. CAUSES There are many different chemical substances that contribute to air pollution. These chemicals come from a variety of sources. Among the many types of air pollutants are nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxides, and organic compounds that can evaporate and enter the atmosphere. Air pollutants have sources that are both natural and human. Now, humans contribute substantially more to the air pollution problem.
of clean energy. India and China have both invested extensively in creative biogas technology to provide fuel for their citizens and there are a number of interesting applications for this gas which appeal to people who are interested in sustainable energy and the health of the environment. The basis for biogas is organic material such as food scraps and feces which are held in an anaerobic area, which can range from a storage tank which is not ventilated to a device which is specifically designed to produce gases. The conditions attract anaerobic bacteria, which start to break down the organic material, producing methane and carbon dioxide as a by-product. Another type of biogas which includes hydrogen, nitrogen, and carbon monoxide can be obtained through the gasification of biomass such as wood or rice husks, a technique which is used to manufacture gas industrially.
"Wow, Dad, I love it! Thanks!" Now my horrific day tomorrow would be just that much less dreadful. I wouldn't be faced with the choice of either walking two miles in the rain to school or accepting a ride in the Chief's cruiser. "I'm glad you like it," Charlie said gruffly, embarrassed again. It took only one trip to get all my stuff upstairs. I got the west bedroom that faced out over the front yard. The room was familiar; it had been belonged to me since I was born. The wooden floor, the light blue walls, the peaked ceiling, the yellowed lace curtains around the window -- these were all a part of my childhood. The only changes Charlie had ever made were switching the crib for a bed and adding a desk as I grew. The desk now held a secondhand computer, with the phone line for the modem stapled along the floor to the nearest phone jack. This was a stipulation from my mother, so that we could stay in touch easily. The rocking chair from my baby days was still in the corner.
Four Opamp Configurations 233 General Opamp Design Equations 237 Reversing the Inputs 238 Comparators 239 Instrumentation Amplifiers 243 Appendix B: PWM 245 Why PWM? 245 Real Parts 250 Audio Applications 252 Appendix C: Some Useful URLs 255 Glossary 257 Index 261 Contents vii Preface There often seems to be a division between the analog and digital worlds. Digital designers usually do not like to delve into analog, and analog design- ers tend to avoid the digital realm. The two groups often do not even use the same buzzwords. Even though microprocessors have become increasingly faster and more capable, the real world remains analog in nature. The digital designers who attempt to control or measure the real world must somehow connect this analog environment to their digital machines
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