Pidgins, creoles and
standard language
Pidgin language
A simplified language
Mainly employed in trade
NOT the native language of any
community
may be built from words , sounds, or body
language from multiple other languages
and cultures
No particular rules
Chinese Pidgin English
a pidgin lexically based on English and
influenced by Chinese
developed in 17th century in China
Began to decline during the 19th
century, when standard English began to
be taught in schools
Chinese Pidgin English
Some characteristics :
Based on a vocabulary of 700 English
words
Grammar and syntax are simple and
positional (grammatical categories are
indicated by the position of words in a
sentence)
Lack of plural personal pronouns
Chinese Pidgin English
Example sentences:
Hab gat rening kum daun (Have got
raining come down) “ There is rain coming
down”
Tumoro mai no kan kum ( Tomorrow my no
can come) “Tomorrow I can't come”
Mai no hab kachi basket (My no have
catch basket) “I didn't bring a basket”
Creole language
a natural language developed by mixing
two parent laguages
arose as the result of European maritime
power
Vocabulary mostly supplied by the parent
language
1. English vowel system and its description: A vowel is a letter of the alphabet [a,e,i,o,u and sometimes y (happy)] that represents a speech sound created by the relatively free passage of breath through the larnyx and orav cavity. English has 5 vowels. Front vowels Central vowels Back vowels High/close /i:/ see /i/ sit /u:/ boot /ʊ/ book Mid /e/ bait /Ɛ:/ bird /ə/ sofa /3:/ bird /o/ boat /ɔː/ bought Low/open /æ/ bat /ʌ/ under /a:/ father /ɒ/ sock With front vowels tounge is pushed forward, with central vowels its neutral and with back vowels tongue is pushed back.
1) Standard and non-standard varieties of English Standard varieties of English are the varieties of the English language that are considered to be a norm and are spoken and written by the minority (educated people). This is the optimum for educational purposes. The standard varieties of English are: BrEng (British), EngEng (English), NAmEng (North-America), USEng (United States), CanEng (Canada), AusEng (Australia), NZEng (New Zealand). Standard English (British English) is the most widely accepted and understood among native speakers, learned by foreigners. It is used in broadcasting, TV, news etc. It doesn't concern pronounciation (accent), but grammar and vocabulary. It includes formal and informal styles. British Standard English grammar and vocabulary, together with the RP accent should be called English English. RP (Received Pronounciation) is an accent that originates from South-East of England. A
Creole Culture Report Table of contents INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................................................................2 FAMILY LIFE..............................................................................................................................................................3 HISTORICAL CREOLE GENDER ROLE...............................................................................................................4 CREOLE CUSTOMS.......................................................................................................................................................5 CREOLE CULTURE...................................................................................................................................................5 PEOPLE....................................
Tallinna Mustamäe Humanitargümnaasium Valeria Jefremenkova ENGLISH AS A GLOBAL LANGUAGE INGLISE KEEL KUI ÜLEMAAILMNE KEEL Research work Supervisor: Jevgenija Kozlova Tallinn 2016 1 Table of Contents СONTENT…………………………………………………………………………………...2 INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………...3
English began as a west Germanic language which was brought to England bt the Saxons around 400 AD. The spoken and written laguage berween 400 and 1100 AD is referred to as Old English. Many words used today come from Old English. In the 9th and 10th centuries, when Vikings invaded England, Old Norse words entered the language English from about 1300 to 1500 is known as Middle English. It was influenced by French and Latin. French brouht many words connected with goverment. Modern English eas greatly influenced by the English used in London and changed a great deal until the end of the 18th century. Many words were introduced from Greek and Latin to express new ideas, especially in science, medicine and philosophy. Nowadays 80 percent of the word-stock is foreign-born. So we can say that most world languages have contributed some words to English at some time, and the process is now being reversed. Purists of the languages are resisting the
This method emphasizes on listening skills and following the orders. It is difficult to say how is evaluation accomplished but I think if the student performs correctly then the task passed. And once again no native language was used. · Humanistic methods: Community language learning http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JWn4DJgbGHM Language Teaching Methods: Video 1c http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AZVoN-roMM0 The Community Language Learning by 3rd Year of English Nondefensive learning (security, aggression, attention, reflection, retention) The teacher as a counsellor From dependent to independent learner, e.g. teacherstudent centeredness Recorded chunks of language (from mother tongue into the target language with the help of the teacher) Feelings are considered to be very important 3 Language and culture are integrated
Varities of English Sirelin Koval YORKSHIRE ENGLISH Introduction The history of the Yorkshire variety, sometimes known as The Broad Yorkshire, or Tyke, can be traced back to 400 AD, with the arrival of Angles, Saxons, and other Germanic tribes on the mainland of Britain. Yorkshire is located in the north of today's Britain and even though allowing for boundary changes, has remained the biggest county in England. The English language has become one of the most known lingua franca. Language is used for
problems associated to them?); language use – tenor, mode and domain (what do these notions mean and what are some problems associated to them?). Register-analysis Language user vs. language use – the two main parameters of language change. Variability in the language user is further defined by three broad parameters: 1-Time- (when?) the time when the speaker or the writer lived. For example, if you were to translate a Dickens book from english to russian, you could use the same language as did Dostoyevsky, because they lived at the same time (19th century) 2-Region- The second parameter that defines the language user is region. Region refers to where the author/speaker (sometimes character) is from. May be on a broader scale – Middle East, Western world; but also narrower – Germany, Latvia, Minnesota; and even narrower – Conrwall, London, Pärnu, etc. Problems related to region (similar to the problems covered in previous
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