Motherboard - the principle printed circuit board assembly in a computer; includes core logic (chipset), interface sockets and/or slots, and input/output (I/O) ports. Printed circuit board (PCB) - a thin, laminated sheet composed of a series of epoxy resin and copper layers and etched electronic circuits (signal, ground and power) Chipset (or core logic) - two or more integrated circuits which control the interfaces between the system processor, RAM, I/O devises, and adapter cards. Processor slot/socket - the slot or socket used to mount the system processor on the motherboard AGP - Accelerated Graphics Port - a high speed interface for video cards; runs at 1X (66MHz), 2X (133MHz), or 4X (266MHz). PCI - Peripheral Component Interconnect - a high speed interface for video cards, sound cards, network interface cards, and modems; runs at 33MHz.
from UCLA to SRI. # 1971: more nodes join the network, bringing the total to 15. These new nodes include Harvard and NASA. # 1973: ARPAnet goes global when the the University College of London and Norway's Royal Radar Establishment join up. 1974: Network intercommunication is becoming more sophisticated; data is now transmitted more quickly and efficiently with the design of TCP (Transmission Control Program). 1976: Unix is developed at AT and T; Queen Elizabeth sends out her first email message. 1979: USENET, the mother of all networked discussion groups, is developed. 1982: Internet technology protocols are developed, commonly known as TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol). 1984: Number of hosts is now up to 1000, with more being added every day. 1985: The first registered domain is
VEEBIT EENUSED. KONT ROLLTÖÖ. SOA o A service-oriented architecture (SOA) is an architectural pattern in computer software design in which application components provide services to other components via a communications protocol, typically over a network. The principles of service-orientation are independent of any vendor, product or technology. o Kasutab XMLi sõnumivahetuseks o Võimalus integreeride süsteeme Service-oriented architecture (SOA) Arhitektuur, mis kasutab – teenuseid organisatsiooni integrastiooni ehitusklotsidena – komponentide taaskasutust läbi nõrga seotuse. SOA: On arhitektuur Mingi hulga teenuste tegemine ei anna meile SOA-d. Arhitektuur peab andma meile juhised teenuste loomiseks. SOA: Ehitatakse teenustest Nagu objekt-orienteeritud maailmas on objekt/klass nii on SOA-s teenuses peamine komponent.
computers to coordinate activities and to share resources in a controlled way. ·We also requiretransparencyof distribution for the computer users. They shall not have to be aware of the fact that the system is distributed. Distributed System Characteristics ·Multiple autonomous components ·Components are not shared by all users ·Resources may not be accessible ·Software runs in concurrent processes on different processors ·Multiple Points of control ·Multiple Points of failure ·Certain requirements are common to many distributed systems Resource Sharing Openness Concurrency Scalability Fault Tolerance Transparency 18. Transparency in Distributed Systems ·Distributed systems should be perceived by users and application programmers as a wholerather than as a collection of cooperating components. ·Transparency has different dimensions. These represent various properties that distributed systems should have.
A complaint is filed against IBM, alleging monopolistic practices in its computer business, in violation of the Sherman Act. G. W. Dummer, a radar expert from Britain's Royal Radar Establishment presents a paper proposing that a solid block of materials be used to connect electronic components, with no connecting wires. 1953 IBM shipped its first electronic computer, the 701. Speedcoding: John Backus. 1954 Texas Instruments announces the start of commercial production on silicon transistors. [110] Herbert Simon and Allen Newell unveiled Logic Theorist software that supplied rules of reasoning and proved symbolic logic theorems. The Logic Theorist, as the program became known, was the major exhibit at a conference organised in 1956 at Dartmouth College, New Hampshire, by John McCarthy, who subsequently became one of the most influential figures in AI. Newell, Simon and Shaw went on to construct the General Problem Solver, or GPS. The first
A central purpose of the pilot was to gauge if Text Adaptor increased teachers' linguistic awareness, resulting in improved text adaptations for ELLs. A pre-posttest design was implemented with approximately 70 teachers enrolled in the TPD courses. The pilot activities were integrated into the respective TPD courses. All participants completed online background surveys about their educational and teaching experiences, and post-surveys that asked the control group about their experience adapting texts in the pilot study, and asked the treatment group about their experiences using Text Adaptor. All participants completed manual (pre-) adaptations to gauge baseline adaptation knowledge and ability. Both completed a mid- and post-adaptation activity. Control teachers completed these activities manually, while treatment teachers were trained to use Text Adaptor and completed their adaptations using the tool. An important outcome indicated that all
situation changed dramatically since some open source tools such as asterisk as well as low-cost VoIP telephone adapters and services become available. In fact, today it is quite common for internet providers to provide their customers VoIP calls at very low cost, if any, in addition to standard xDSL connectivity. The VoIP uses Internet protocol (IP) to send digitized voice traffic over the Internet or private networks. An IP packet consists of a train of digits containing a control header and a data payload. The header provides network navigation information for the packet, and the payload contains the compressed voice data. While circuit-switched telephony deals with the entire message, VoIP-based data transmission is packet-based, so that chunks of data are packetized (separated into units for transmission), compressed, and sent across the network--and eventually re-assembled at the designated receiving end
controls in cloud computing environments. However, a huge number of devices as a characteristic of IoT was not considered in the existing schemes. Through context extraction based on detection, data owner performs encryption and decryption. In decryption process, each user can decrypt only desired data. Therefore user can receive data in low overhead environment even though there are a large amount of device exists. In the end, access control using context has shown some benefit, but also needs more study about it. ’’ [13]. The issue of privacy should be tackled alongside, so that the devices do not collect and forward too much information nor do the companies sell it to any third parties. The duration of time, in where the collected data is kept in storage, should be reduced in order to make any privacy leaks less harmful. One idea to prevent the need for excessive data collection was proposed by Chris Rouland. He sees
business, in violation of the Sherman Act. G. W. Dummer, a radar expert from Britain's Royal Radar Establishment presents a paper proposing that a solid block of materials be used to connect electronic components, with no connecting wires. 1953 IBM shipped its first electronic computer, the 701. Speedcoding: John Backus 1954 Texas Instruments announces the start of commercial production on silicon transistors. [110] Herbert Simon and Allen Newell unveiled Logic Theorist software that supplied rules of reasoning and proved symbolic logic theorems. The Logic Theorist, as the program became known, was the major exhibit at a conference organised in 1956 at Dartmouth College, New Hampshire, by John McCarthy, who subsequently became one of the most influential figures in AI. Newell, Simon and Shaw went on to construct the General Problem Solver, or GPS
v 3 Sensors 47 Temperature Sensors 47 Optical Sensors 59 CCDs 72 Magnetic Sensors 82 Motion/Acceleration Sensors 86 Strain Gauge 90 4 Time-Based Measurements 93 Measuring Period versus Frequency 95 Mixing 97 Voltage-to-Frequency Converters 99 Clock Resolution 102 5 Output Control Methods 103 Open-Loop Control 103 Negative Feedback and Control 103 Microprocessor-Based Systems 104 On-Off Control 105 Proportional Control 108 PID Control 110 Motor Control 123 Measuring and Analyzing Control Loops 130 6 Solenoids, Relays, and Other Analog Outputs 137 Solenoids 137 Heaters 143 Coolers 148 Fans 149 LEDs 151
some `tweaking' to improve their performance on different OSes/machines, such as in the scheduling of threads, data structure and/or algorithm design, or the choice of GUI components. Also, if legacy code written in a different language is utilised then portability is frequently compromised. Productivity is an important advantage, although hard to quantify. An old study from 1998 suggested that software written in pure Java instead of C++ results in a 25% overall time/cost saving, corresponding to an overall productivity increase of 30% (the increase for the code phase alone is 65%) [Quinn and Christiansen 1998]. It is likely that these figures are greater today since the capabilities of the J2SE have improved (e.g. the libraries are larger, tool speed is better). 2.2. Ways of Using Java in Games There are several approaches to writing games with Java: · Applets. Usually the applet is a client for a multiplayer game, and communicates
Trojan-Notifier - notification of a successful attack Trojans are designed for this type of message master "on the infected computer. Major trends Trojans In programs related to the class of Trojans, to date, the following main trends: Significant increase in the number of spyware stealing confidential banking information.New versions of these programs appear dozens per week and are very diverse and operating principles. Some of them are limited to just a collection of all input from the keyboard data and sending them by e-mail to the attacker. The most powerful can give the author full control over an infected machine to send megabytes of data collected on the remote server to receive commands from there for further work. Pursuit of total control over infected computers. This is reflected in their association in a zombie network, controlled from a single center Use of infected machines to send spam through them, or launch attacks
1. take sth in understand = aru saama 2. send sth back return = tagastama, tagasi saatma 3. take back admit to an error = tunnistama oma viga 4. take up sth begin doing sth = millegagi tegelema hakkama 5. send sth on forward = midagi edasi saatma 6. send for summon = kedagi kutsuma 7. send out on order = käskima 8. take on accept = vastu võtma, nõustuma LANGUAGE FOCUS 1. keyboard klaviatuur 2. ignition süüde 3. expansion port laiendusport (USB) 4. clutch sidur 5. tail wings lennuki tagumised tiivad, millega muudetakse kurssi 6. hard drive kõvaketas 7. cockpit kokpit 8. brakes pidurid 9. central processor unit protsessor 10. jet engine reaktiivmootor 11. monitor monitor 12. landing gear maandumisvarustus 13. grapics card graafikakaart 14. steering wheel rool 15. gearstick käigukang 16. fuselage lennukikere 17
cheaper. Moreover, a great share of books are available free of charge. For example, all fiction from before the year 1900 is in the public domain. Compared to printed publishing, it is cheaper and easier for authors to self-publish e-books. An e-book can be purchased, downloaded, and used immediately, whereas when one buys a book one has to go to a bookshop, or wait for a delivery. Environmental Concerns. Year by year humankind has to think more and more about saving the environment. The production of e-books does not consume paper, ink, etc. Printed books use 3 times more raw materials and 78 times more water to be produced. Yet, there certainly are some drawbacks. While printed books remain readable for many years, e-books may need to be copied to a new carrier over time. Regarding the availability of Works - Not all books are available as e-books. So, students still have to go to the libraries to borrow the home-reading books.
Are IT and communication technology bringing about more positive or negative changes? Dear audience, i want to tell you about the positive and negative sides of it and communication technology. Informational technology is most commonly used to talk about computers and computer networks but it also includes other information sorces such as television and telephones. Electronic computers began to appear in the early 1940's. The origins of the internet are from the 1960's. Over a third of the human's population have used the services of the internet. But what about the other two thirds? Is is better for them to have not been able to use this huge network, or is it a bad thing? The first biggest concerns are the communication sites because they are used too often and they tend to change the view how we understand the term ,,personal relationships". The most popular social network-Facebook-was launched in 2004 and it has become one of the best earning web sites there is. Now
Domsic at the time worked as a computer manager for an automotive related industry. In recent years ABET and the ACM have collaborated to form accreditation and curriculum standards for degrees in Information Technology as a distinct field of study separate from both Computer Science and Information Systems. SIGITE is the ACM working group for defining these standards. Nanotechnology - Nanotechnology, which is sometimes shortened to "Nanotech", refers to a field whose theme is the control of matter on an atomic and molecular scale. Generally nanotechnology deals with structures of the size 100 nanometers or smaller, and involves developing materials or devices within that size. Nanotechnology is extremely diverse, ranging from novel extensions of conventional device physics, to completely new approaches based upon molecular self-assembly, to developing new materials with dimensions on the nanoscale, even to speculation on whether we can directly control matter on the atomic scale
needs read-only privileges, but is granted full administrative powers, can edit the data he initially was not supposed to. [22] - Abusing existing privileges. Same goes for workers, who do have the rights to do so. An example can be made when the mentioned decides to leak some data to the publicity or sell it for personal gain. [22] An attack can also happen externally: - Stealing the disk image, injecting SQL, bypassing access control, taking memory & disk snapshot to later analyze and extract the data or staying in the system long enough to corrupt all defenses and seize the data. [23] - Hackers can launch DDoS attacks by infiltrating and leveraging thousands or millions of unsecured devices. They can cripple infrastructure, down networks, and as IoT advances into our everyday lives, those attacks may very well put real human lives in jeopardy
British Cuisine Some people criticize English food. They say it's unimaginable, boring, tasteless, it's chips with everything and totally overcooked vegetables. The basic ingredients, when fresh, are so full of flavour that British haven't had to invent sauces to disguise their natural taste. What can compare with fresh pees or new potatoes just boiled and served with butter? Why drown spring lamb in wine or cream and spices, when with just one or two herbs it is absolutely delicious? If you ask foreigners to name some typically English dishes, they will probably say "Fish and chips" then stop. It is disappointing, but true that, there is no tradition in England of eating in restaurants, because the food doesn't lend itself to such preparation. English cooking is found at home. So it is difficult to a good English restaurant with a reasonable prices. In most cities in Britain you'll find Indian, Chinese, French and Italian restaurants. In London you'll also find Indonesian,
Based on the Linux kernel. - Kõigile kättesaadav operatsioonisüsteem, mis võimaldab hallata tarkvararakendusi. Põhineb Linux tuumal. Cygwin – Cygwin is an open source collection of tools that allows Unix or Linux applications to be compiled and run on a Windows operating system. - Kõigile kättesaadav tööriistade kollektsioon, mis võimaldab Windows OS-il jooksutada Unixi või Linuxi rakendusi. D Daylight Saving Time patch – A Daylight Saving Time patch is a modular piece of code created to update systems, devices and programs for compatibility with new start and end dates. - Tükike koodist, mis uuendab süsteemi, lisaseadmeid ja programme. Debian – Debian is a popular and freely-available computer operating system that uses the Linux kernel and other program components obtained from the GNU project. - Kõigile kättesaadav populaarne operatsioonisüsteem, mis põhineb Linuxi tuumal ja selles on ka
Facebook is a social networking service, which was launched in February 2004. It is owned and operated by Facebook Inc. In September 2012 Facebook had over billion active users and more than half of them were also using Facebook on a mobile device. Facebook's latest research shows that the most popular mobile device used for visiting m.facebook.com is iOS and by the popularity the second most used device is Android. Using Facebook on your mobile device raises the potential of your account getting stealed. It is so because most of the users don't use safe connection so all your data is available to other users on the same network. So the very first thing you should do is to use safe connection by adding to the end of this word ,,http://" (which you can find in the beginning of every webpage) an ,,s" so the address should be like ,,https://". The second thing you can do is that if you own the Wi-Fi access point then you should definately put a password to it because then others that don
This process of incorporation into national legislation may vary from a few months to several years. The country in which a ship is registered and hence which flag it is flying is known as the Flag State. It is the national maritime administration representing the flag state, which controls the adherence to the SOLAS carriage requirements (Flag State control). The national maritime administration is also responsible for port state control. Ships arriving at a port may be subject to port state control by local officials based on flag state regulations and international agreements. Port states cooperate within regions to apply consistent standards, for example the European nations and Canada cooperate under the umbrella of the Paris Memorandum of Understanding (MOU). What are the IMO requir rements for the carriage of nautical charts?
................................................. 68 3 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AEC – Architecture, engineering and construction BIM – Building Information Modeling CAD – Computer-aided design CAM – Computer-aided manufacturing CATIA – Computer Aided Three-dimensional Interactive Application CFD – Computational fluid dynamics CNC – Computer numeric control DAM – Denver Art Museum FTP – File transfer protocol GC – General contractor HVAC – Heating, ventilating, and air conditioning IT – Information technology IFC – Industry Foundation Classes MEP – Mechanical, electrical and plumbing RFI – Request for information R&D – Research and development SCL – Seattle Central Library SEI – Structural Engineering Institute VD – Virtual design VDC – Virtual design and construction
How to Write a Design Report Summary A design report is the written record of the project and generally is the only record that lives once the design team disbands at the end of the project. The report has three sections. The first section describes the problem that was being solved and provides the background to the design. The second section describes the design and the third section evaluates how well the design worked by comparing its performance to the design requirements. The report starts with a short executive summary that contains a synopsis of the three sections. The body of the report is relatively short. Appendices to the report contain supporting information with the details needed by a reader who wishes to fully understand the design. While this document describes the general content and organization of a design report, some of the specifics (section headings, length, and format) may be determined by your project client. Before You Begin Some basics that you need to und
This average current IF is the rate a diode can handle up to the forward direction when used as a rectifier. Another entry of interest in the data sheet is the forward voltade drop UF(max) when the maximum forward current occurs. An usual diode has this value 0.7-2.0V. Diode conducts easily when forward biased. Reverse biasing. The reverse current is a leakage current at the source rated voltage. Typically, silicon diodes have 1-10 microA and germanium 200-700 microA of leakage current. This value includes thermally produced current and surface leakage current. Only these currents take place, when a diode is reverse biased. At breakdown, the diode goes into avalanche where a number of carriers appear suddenly in the depletion layer. With a rectifier diode, breakdown is usually destructive. 4)Typical values: Uknee- approximatly 0.7V; UF 0.7-2.0V; leakage (IR) 1-10 microA/200- 700microA.
New Media Economy Social media information and data collection and security In this brief essay, i would like to focus on the social media platforms in our moren society. How people use them, what kind of information we give away, what companies will do with this. Information sharing and data protection has become very popular theme in the recent few years. People care more about their privacy and avoid „big brother“ foreshadowing. It is important to know what social media platforms promise and are they really going to keep it. Users should think about what they share and what kind of information they generate. Because it is all recorded and some info can be traced back to real people. Privacy and data protecion topics are becoming more and more important and the amouts of data generated is becoming larger. When wrongly access this kind of data, a lot damage could be done by criminals. Users privacy settings should be reviewd and fixed when needed. Social media Humans hav
1. OBJECT-ORIENTED PARADIGM The Model •The model defines an abstract view to the problem. This implies that the model focuses only on problem related stuff and that you try to define properties of the problem. These properties include: 1 •the data which are affected and 2 •the operations which are identified by the problem. Object-oriented Paradigm •Everything is an object •A program is a bunch of objects telling each other what to do by sending messages •Each object has its own memory made up of other objects •Every object has a type •All objects of a particular type can receive the same messages Domain Model •A domain model does not represent the entire domain as it is in the real world. It includes only the concepts that are needed to support the application. Object •Is a partitioned area of memory where object code is stored •The area of memory is protected •This code can function relatively independently of other objects •Can be used b
Computer Computers history The first use of the word "computer" was recorded in 1613, referring to a person who carried out calculations, or computations, and the word continued to be used in that sense until the middle of the 20th century. Computers in today Today, computers are part of everyday life. You're using a computer right now! When the first computer was invented, people probably never thought technology would be what it is today. Computers are involved in almost everything. Schools use computers to enhance the learning experience, as well as make it fun for students. Businesses use computers to communicate and store important information and data. Even children use computers. Computer modding Everybody wants a beautiful computer. Some people in the world make a living to it. Computer modding What is the computer modding ??? This is tuning. Today we are not only tun
Due to the rapid expansion of technology over the past decade, hypermedia instructional programs have become commonplace. Learners of all ages have increased access to technology such as the World Wide Web, which provides a seemingly limitless amount of information. New technologies such as Mp3, podcasting, and social networking are booming. In contrast to more traditional environments, technology offers greater opportunities for interactivity and learner control. There are more educators and language teachers using the Internet in language teaching as well. Many computer applications, especially asynchronous computer-mediated communication such as email and electronic bulletin boards, promote interactive learning. With the booming growth of technology, blogs have become another learning platform for language teaching. Accordingly, these in turn have provided both teachers and learners with an alternative
mis Eksamseda Eksamrealiseerib, Eksam samuti Eksamkoostada Eksampaaribitiste Eksamsisendite Eksamliitjat/lahutajat, samuti Eksamkolme Eksameraldi Eksambiti Eksamliitjat Eksamja Eksamtrigerit. 3 Eksamiks: sql – Structured Query Language – standard andmebaaside keel arpanet Eksam– Eksaminterneti eelkäija 1969 atari Eksam– Pong’i – esimese eduka mängu loonud firma, tegeles ka koduarvutitega, konsoolidega cp/m – Control Program/Monitor lihtne aga edukas OS winchester Eksam- Eksam IBM’i 70MB kõvaketas altair Eksam– EksamÜks esimestest DIY PC kittidest, ilma monitorita, võimalik lisada ostsilloskoop, klaviatuur ja kassetilugeja alto Eksam– EksamXerox’i uuringute jaoks mõeldud PC C Eksam– EksamALGOL → BCPL → B → C microsofti Eksamalgus(1975) Eksam– Bill Gates & Paul Allen found Micro-Soft, alguses müüsid BASIC 2.0’i, siis
. . . . . . . . 159 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 viii About this Manual: The CPM1A is a compact, high-speed Programmable Controller (PC) designed for control operations in systems requiring from 10 to 100 I/O points per PC. There are two manuals describing the setup and operation of the CPM1A: the CPM1A Operation Manual (this manual) and the CPM1/CPM1A/CPM2A/ CPM2C/SRM1(-V2) Programming Manual (W353). This manual describes the system configuration and installation of the CPM1A and provides a basic explanation of operating procedures for the Programming Consoles. It also introduces the capabilities of
Current PDAs often have the ability to connect to the Internet. A PDA has an electronic visual display, enabling it to include a web browser, but some newer models also have audio capabilities, enabling them to be used as mobile phones or portable media players. touchscreen technology. History The first PDA was released in 1986 by Psion, the Organizer II. Followed by Psion's Series 3, in 1991, which began to resemble the more familiar PDA style. It also had a full keyboard. First PDA Organizer II Typical Features Most of the PDA's features a touchscreen. PDA,s are supporting memory card, but earlier versions aren't. PDA can connet with USB cabel to each other. Most of the PDA's are with Bluetooth connection. Some PDA's include GPS (Global Positioning System). Ruggedized PDA's Some businesses and government organizations rely upon rugged PDAs, sometimes known as enterprise digital assistants (EDAs), for mobile data
Finally, a student can choose to do a post-graduate course and study for a Masters degree or a Ph. D. (doctorate). V Exercise 1. telephone circuits 2. to have access to sth 3. regulated by laws 4. to charge a fee 5. on an international scale 6. communication system 7. to create inconvenience 8. to cause offence 9. to lack the funds 10. a battle is looming on the horizon 11. to express concern 12. to be to sb's advantage VI Exercise 1. vocals, mouse, keyboard, disk drive 2. network, system, disk, circuit 3. internet, modem, radio, telephone 4. software, disk, video, programme 5. overload, jam, clog, destroy VII Exercise 1. Our pilot had to make an emergency landing in a field. 2. Jane lacks the 100% commitment needed to become a professional sportswoman. 3. Unfortunately, some offensive material can be found on the Internet. 4. It would be insensible to throw your money into the fire. IX Exercise 1
This is a small screen (usually 1.8" diagonally or bigger) at the back of the camera which can be used for framing or for reviewing the recorded pictures. 12 IV xPower Switch - Turns On or Off the camera. This may also contain a Record / Play Mode selector on some cameras. Control Buttons - Usually includes a set of directional keys and a few other buttons to activate certain functions and menus, this is used to let users interact with the camera's computer system. Zoom Control - Usually marked with W and T, which stands for "Wide" and "Tele" respectively, this is used to control the camera's lenses to zoom-in or zoom-out. For DSLR cameras, the zoom is usually controlled by a zoom ring in the lens. Battery Compartment - Holds the batteries. Depending on the camera model, this varies in size and shape. Memory Card Slot - This is where expansion memory cards are inserted. The proper position of the card are often indicated. A mechanical catch usually holds
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