1.The Conceptual Architecture identifies the high-level components of the system, and the relationships among them. Its purpose is to direct attention at an appropriate decomposition other system without delving into details. Moreover, it provides a useful vehicle for communicating the architecture to non-technical audiences, such as management, marketing, and users. Logical Architecture In Logical Architecture, the externally visible properties of the components are made precise and unambiguous through well-defined interfaces and component specifications, and key architectural mechanisms are detailed.
1950 Engineering Research Associates of Minneapolis built the ERA 1101, the first commercially produced computer; the company's first customer was the U.S. Navy. 1951 The UNIVAC I delivered to the U.S. Census Bureau was the first commercial computer to attract widespread public attention. Although manufactured by Remington Rand, the machine often was mistakenly referred to as the "IBM UNIVAC." Remington Rand eventually sold 46 machines at more than $1 million each. The first AI program to run in the U.S. was also a checkers program, written in 1952 by Arthur Samuel of IBM for the IBM 701. 1952 Heinz Nixdorf founded Nixdorf Computer Corp. in Germany. It remained an independent corporation until merging with Siemens in 1990. 1953 IBM shipped its first electronic computer, the 701 Speedcoding: John Backus. 1954 Texas Instruments announces the start of commercial production on silicon transistors.
Uses only two symbols: 0 and 1. The choice of using binary numbers is dictated by cost and reliability. Binary circuits: Electronic circuits are cheapest and most reliable if they only assume two states or conditions. These binary circuits have only two states, ON or OFF. Standardized means of storing these codes: ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) EBCDIC (Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code) UNICODE (Extended ASCII) Each pixel contains a value representing some shade of gray. The more shades of gray possible, the more memory will be needed. Instructions: Must be stored within the computer before use. Must be stored in binary form. A set of binary instructions is called a program. Program:
Saksa filosoof 1646-1716, Leibnizi arvuti (1671) liitis, lahutas, korrutas, jagas As Nolan felt he didn't receive enough pay, he created his own company: Leibniz lõi Boole'ga sarnaneva loogikasüsteemi, mis vajus unustusse Atari in 1972, Atari ships Pong, one of the first really successful Leibniz püüdis luua universaalset sümbolkeelt (lingua characteristica commercial video games universalis) ja seda keelt kasutava nn "arutlemise aritmeetika" (calculus Magnavox Odyssey: first home video game along with Atari (No rationator) processor: combined analog/digital) Kirjutusmasin: 1972- The first object-oriented language Smalltalk developed at XEROX
Cuisine of South Africa has had a variety of sources and stages: · Cookery practised by indigenous people of South Africa such as the Khoisan and Xhosa- and Sotho-speaking people · Settler cookery introduced during the colonial period by people of Indian and Afrikaner and British descent and their slaves and servants - this includes the cuisine of the Cape Malay people, which has many characteristics of Malaysia and Java, and recipes from neighbouring colonial cultures such as Portuguese Mozambique. Indigenous cookery traditional South African cuisine In the precolonial period, indigenous cuisine was characterized by the use of a very wide range of fruits, nuts, bulbs, leaves and other products gathered from wild plants and by the hunting of wild game. The domestication of cattle in the region about two thousand years ago by Khoisan groups enabled the use of milk products and the
XSD põhjal tekkib XML STANDARDID XSD SOAP WSDL - SOA nurgakivi! XSD XSD - XML Schema Definition XSD kirjeldab XML dokumendi struktuuri – Elemendid (Elements) – Atribuudid (Attributes) – Nende tüübid Tavatüübid (Simple types) Komplekstüübid (Complex types) Piirangud (Restrictions) XSD võrdlused andmebaasi tabelite ja java klassidega XSD – Document structure XML – Document instance Table structure Record in a Table Class definition Object instance XSD määrab.. Millised elemendid ja atribuudid tohivad olla dokumendis Millised elemendid on alamelemendid Alamelementide järjestuse ja arvu Kas element on tühi või sisaldab teksti
Response 1. 11131 0% Student Value Correct Answer Feedback Response 2. 11264 100% 3. 12522 0% 4. 1023 100% 5. 10037 0% Score: 0/10 2. Kuidas nimetatakse mälupesa, mis hoiab infot mälupesa kohta, kus asub programmi jaoks oluline informatsioon? Student Value Correct Answer Feedback Response 1. Direct 0% address 2. Count 0% 3. Flag 0% 4. Pointer 100% 5. Loop 0% Score: 0/10 3. Kui palju mälu on Ecki xComputer´l? Student Value Correct Answer Feedback Response 1. 512 B 0% 2. 1KB 0% 3. 2KB 100% 4. 4KB 0% Score: 0/10 4. Kas register ja mälupesa on samad asjad? Student Value Correct Answer Feedback
Milles seisneb static typing ja dynamic typing erinevus? Static- Muutuja tüüpi on teada kompileerimise ajal ning seda muuta ei saa. See vähendab vigade hulka programmi töö ajal. Dynamic – Muutuja tüüp selgub programmi töö ajal. 2. Milliseid piiranguid seavad nähtavusele proteced ja package-private (default) nähtavused? Public – nähtav kõigile Package private- nähtav paketi sees Private – nähtav klassi sees Protected – nähtav paketi sees ja alamklassidele 3. Mis on Oracle Java virtuaalmasina (JVM) nimi? Kes ei tea, kukub ainest läbi :) JRE Java Runtime Environment – java programmi käivitamiseks JDK – Java Development Kit - arendusvahend java programmi arendamiseks 4. Tüübiteisendus - milleks vajalik, kuidas kasutatakse? Fruit a = new Apple(); Alamtüüp. Deklareeritud tüüp -- Loodud tüüp.Millist tüüpi deklareerida? - Eelistada alati üldisemat tüüpi Alamtüüpi objekti same alati kasutada ülemtüübina(implicit casting)
1616-11 I6 Leibniz Lcibnizi anlrli(167 l)liiris. lrhuras. kormtas_ .jagas nUgaVaID: Usp, Ada, ML, Java, Python I VSimaldada kasutajal aryutis ohtmoodi ja harjumusparasell tegutseda, s6ltumatuli 6ellest. mis Kompilerimirer masinkoodis programm nimega kompilaator programmid lal arvutis on. I 7 1.1 Kir.itrtusnilsin. Hcnn, Mill.
A... AA Auto Answer AAA Authentication, Authorization and Accounting AAB All-to-All Broadcast AAC Advanced Audio Coding AACS Advanced Access Control System AAL Asynchronous Transfer Mode Adaption Layer AAM Automatic Acoustic Management AAP Applications Access Point [DEC] AARP AppleTalk Address Resolution Protocol AAS All-to-All Scatter AASP ASCII Asynchronous Support Package AAT Average Access Time AATP Authorized Academic Training Program [Microsoft] .ABA Address Book Archive (file name extension) [Palm] ABAP Advanced Business Application Programming [SAP] ABC * Atanasoff-Berry Computer (First digital calculating machine that used vacuum tubes) ABEND Abnormal End ABI Application Binary Interface ABIOS Advanced BIOS ABIST Automatic Built-In Self-Test [IBM] ABLE Adaptive Battery Life Extender + Agent Building and Learning Environment [IBM] ABM Asynchronous Balanced Mode ABR Available Bit Rate
1. OBJECT-ORIENTED PARADIGM The Model •The model defines an abstract view to the problem. This implies that the model focuses only on problem related stuff and that you try to define properties of the problem. These properties include: 1 •the data which are affected and 2 •the operations which are identified by the problem. Object-oriented Paradigm •Everything is an object •A program is a bunch of objects telling each other what to do by sending messages •Each object has its own memory made up of other objects •Every object has a type •All objects of a particular type can receive the same messages Domain Model •A domain model does not represent the entire domain as it is in the real world. It includes only the concepts that are needed to support the application. Object •Is a partitioned area of memory where object code is stored •The area of memory is protected
modeling. Of the 74% using 3D/BIM, 98% use it for basic visualizations and design, 34% use it for conflict identification and 12% use it for post-occupancy facility management (Post, 2006a). A survey by Björk, B.C. in 2010 revealed that architecture firms are using BIM for design-related functions such as building design, visualization, and programming/massing studies. Contractors’ top three BIM use areas were clash detection, visualization, and creation of as-built models. Use of BIM in direct fabrication, where BIM replaces traditional shop drawings and drives fabrication equipment, is still limited; however, almost one-fourth of the respondents utilized BIM for direct fabrication. Geoff Weisenberger reported in a January 2009 article in Modern Steel Construction entitled “BIM in The Real World”, that Autodesk’s Revit Structure, Bentley Structural and Tekla Structures were three of the top programs; 60%, 13.5% and 9%, respectively,
Major sports, including association football, rugby league, rugby union, rowing, boxing, badminton, cricket, tennis, darts and golf, originated or were substantially developed in the United Kingdom and the states that preceded it. A 2003 poll found that football is the most popular sport in the United Kingdom. In most international competitions, separate teams represent England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland, including at the Commonwealth Games. (In sporting contexts, these teams can be referred to collectively as the Home Nations). However there are occasions where a single sports team represents the United Kingdom, including at the Olympics where the UK is represented by the Great Britain team. London was the site of the 1908 and 1948 Olympic Games, and in 2012 will become the first city to play host for a third time.
Connector header - a series of two or more metal pins on the motherboard or other PCB; used to attach a cable to indicator lights, switches, and/or other devices in the computer Jumper header - two pins or a series of two-pin groups where jumpers are used. BIOS - Pronounced "bye-ose," an acronym for basic input/output system. The BIOS is built- in software that determines what a computer can do without accessing programs from a disk. On PCs, the BIOS contains all the code required to control the keyboard, display screen, disk drives, serial communications, and a number of miscellaneous functions. The BIOS is typically placed in a ROM chip that comes with the computer (it is often called a ROM BIOS). This ensures that the BIOS will always be available and will not be damaged by disk failures. It also makes it possible for a computer to boot itself. Because RAM is faster than ROM, though, many computer manufacturers design systems so that the BIOS is copied
programm, mille tehnoloogia põhines vaakumtorudel 1950 ERA esimene avalikult esitletud arvuti 1951 UNIVAC I esimene arvuti, mis võitis avalikkuse tähelepanu 1962 võidab esimest korda programm inimest kabemängus. 1952 Heinz Nixdorf asutas Nixdorf Computer corp. Saksamaal hiljem 1990 ühines Siemensiga 1953 esimene elektrooniline arvuti 701 1954 Texas Instruments teatab silikoon transistorite tootmisest Logic Theorist is a computer program written in 1955 and 1956 by Allen Newell, Herbert Simon and J. C. Shaw.Newell, Simon and Shaw went on to construct the General Problem Solver, or GPS. The first version of GPS ran in 1957 1955 William Shockley leiutab Shockley pooljuhi 1956 IBM leiutab esimese kõvaketta RAMAC 305 5 MB 1956 valmib esimene transistorpõhine arvuti 1957 Fortran (Formula Translator) 1960 IBM avab masstootmishoone; AT&T esimene avalikult müüdav modem; COBOL üks vanimatest
opportunities of big data and the feasibility of it being stored within the cloud. Opportunities Academic essay (ITI0103) 2019 spring Due to the recent data revolution, new data formats and databases with unimaginable scales have arisen, and artificial intelligence including machine learning greatly benefiting from it. Artificial intelligence requires tremendous quantities of data for it to be exact, and big data is exactly that. Some game including machine learning examples are: - AlphaGo, a software developed to play the Chinese board game Go [4]. - Stockfish, an open source chess engine [5]. - Deep Blue, an older chess-playing computer which beat Kasparov [6]. - OpenAI, an artificial intelligence research organization that aims to promote and develop friendly AI in such a way as to benefit humanity as a whole [7]. An example that mimics cognitive thinking:
important aspects desing and cinematohraphy. Therefore when talking about motion graphics it means moving graphycally created elements in a beatiful way. Motion graphics is pretty recent platform compared to a graphical design for example. It evolved after computers were invented, hence it is only possible to it on computer. In modern times motion graphic is used almost everywhere feature film, advertising, short films, presentations, live shows/concerts, games etc. It is promising platform. Because it is often hidden or people dont really acknowledge it, i thought it would be interesting to analyse a motion graphic piece from semiotic point of view. I decided to analyse a motion graphic piece by Estonian creative agency called TOLM and extract denotative and connotative meanings of its imagery. The video piece is about WhiteCryption encryption solution that they offer for their clients. Encryption is a process
Software engineering Tarkvara tehnika. Sub.discliplines of software engineering. 1. Software requirements 2. Software design 3. Software develompment 4. Software testing 5. Software maintenance 6. Software configuration managment 7. Software engineering managment 8. Software development process 9. Software qengineering tools 10. Software quality Ex 1 1. analysing and defining the problem to be solved. 2. Desiging the program. 3. Coding. 4. Testing. 5. Training the users. 6. Dockumenting. 7. Obtaining feedback from user UML- united modeling language Algoritm- eeskiri mis tleb kuidas seda prorgammi kirjutada. Teine tund. protsessori- keskmine keel on assemble languages. Interpreted languages- tlgendamine. Declarated languages- kirjeldatakse programmi omadusi. Object- oriented class- based languages 1) multiple dispatch 2) single dispatch. Scripting languages- java script, THP.
λ EksamEksam 1 Eksamiks: pead teadma suuruse-numbreid ja mida nad tähendavad: bitt, bait, kilobait, megabait jne; Bit Eksam/ EksamBitt 1 or 0 Byte Eksam/ EksamBait 8 Bits Kilobait Eksam(KB) 1 024 Bytes Megabait Eksam(MB) 1 024 KB kuidas Eksamtähti Eksamkodeeritakse: ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchain) 8bit = 16 * 8 = 128 märki EBCDIC (Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code) 8bit, IBM UNICODE (Extended ASCII) (utf-8), 1Byte for first 128, up to 4B for the rest~143 859 märki algoritm Eksam- Eksamtäpne samm-sammuline juhend millegi tegemiseks programm Eksam- Eksamformaalses üheselt mõistetavas keeles kirja pandud algoritm Ajaloost: Kreeka Eksamloogikud Parmenides (5 sajand e.m.a
show, though the offer was turned down. A bidding war eventually occurred between Comedy Central and MTV, which MTV eventually won. It was then that Jackass was born. Controversy Since the first episode, Jackass frequently featured warnings and disclaimers noting that the stunts performed were dangerous and should not be imitated, and that recordings of any stunts would not be aired on MTV. Such warnings not only appeared before and after each program and after each commercial break, but also in a "crawl" that ran along the bottom of the screen during some especially risky stunts, as well as showing their 'skull and crutches logo' at the bottom right of the screen to symbolize the stunt performed as risky. Nevertheless, the program has been blamed for a number of deaths and injuries involving teens and children recreating the stunts. On January 29, 2001, U.S. Senator Joseph Lieberman publicly condemned MTV
Behavioural addiction 3 2. Drug addictions 3 Smoking 3 Drinking alcohol 4 Doing drugs 4 3. Behavioral addictions 4 Playing video games 4 Use of the internet 5 Cutting 5 4. Interesting facts 5 5. Pictures 7
The word "aboriginal" means "the first" or "earliest known". Australia may well be the home of the worlds first people. More than 30,000 years ago the population of the world was small, and people lived in family groups, hunting, fishing and food gathering. There where no cultivated crops, animals were not herded for food and metalworking was yet to be discovered. At that time, known as the last great Ice Age, Australia was joined to New Guinea. Islands such as Java and Borneo were larger than today, sea passages between them narrower. This made it possible for the ancestors of the people now called Australian Aboriginals to reach Australia from lands to the north. It is not known from where the Aboriginals began their journey, but it is certain that people with some kind of water craft crossed the 100 - 160 kilometres stretches of water between the islands to the north; and reach the southern continent. This sea voyage is the earliest evidence
ABC computer 1939-1942 , Atanasoff-Berry esimene elektronarvuti Esimene transistor - 1947 EDSAC 1949, esimene praktiline stored-program arvuti, programmid olid aukudega peberiribadel ERA 1101 1950 ESIMENE KOMMERTS-TOOTMISES ARVUTI, hoidis bitte magneetilises trumlis, lõpuks suutsid kuni 4000 sõna hoida UNIVAC I 1951 Esimene kommerts-tootmises arvutis, mis äratas suurt tähelepanu, 46 masinat müüdi, 1 million dollarit tükk, Remington Rand tootis Prinz´s chess program -1951 Stratchey checkers program 1952 IBM saadab välja oma esimese elektroonilise arvuti 1953, nimi: (IBM) 701 Texas Instruments alustab silikon-transistoride kommerts-tootmist 1954 Shockley Semiconductor 1955 asutati Arthur Samuel 1955, õpetas Stratchey programmi põhjal tehtud programmi ise õppima, 1962 võitis see programm Connecticuti tsempionit ühe korra ja siis sai 6 korda järjest pähe. IBM toodab/arendab esimese kõvaketta 1956, 5MB mälu FORTRAN 1957, IBM
optimize activities they execute to stay within a limited budget. This, of course, is the opposite of what the client is expecting. This leads to conflicts, errors, and omissions in the project documentation, which in turn leads to waste of time (idled labour, equipment, etc.) and money in the construction phase. According to the DB model, the client directly contracts with the DB team to develop a well-defined building program and a schematic design. After that, the DB team estimates the total cost and time needed to carry out the construction work. The good thing with this model is that modifications can be made in the early phase of design, reducing the money and time spent on doing it. After the cost and time required are settled on by the client and DB contractor, from this point on, the contractor basically gets full control over the project, giving the client less flexibility
3-4 Wiring and Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 SECTION 4 Using Peripheral Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 4-1 Support Software Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 4-2 Using a Programming Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 4-3 Programming Console Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 4-4 Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 SECTION 5 Test Runs and Error Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
cookery -- variety -- cuisine -- particular -- lunch -- porridge -- rasher -- sausage -- mushroom -- in spite of -- strictly -- cereal -- honey -- substantial -- poultry -- beef -- mutton -- veal -- ham -- boiled -- fried -- chop -- steak -- cheap -- snack -- tea-spoonful -- tin -- apricot -- pear -- pineapple -- instant coffee -- disgusting -- roast -- lamb -- gravy -- delicious -- to conclude -- Computers Computer is an electronic device that can receive a set of instructions called program and then carry out them. The modern world of high technology could not be possible without computers. Different types and sizes of computers find uses throughout our society. They are used for the storage and handling of data, secret governmental files, information about banking transactions and so on. Computers have opened up a new era in manufacturing and they have enhanced modern communication systems. They are essential tools in almost every field of research, from
And to some, it is even a way of life. There are different kinds of sports. For instance, there are sports meant for playing indoors, some can be practised only at a certain time of year. There are winter and summer sports also. Skiing, figure-skating, sledding and snowboarding these four most popular are practised during winter. Good examples of summer sports are: swimming, badminton, roller skating and golf. 2. The ancient Olympic Games The first recorded Olympic Games took place in 776. B.C. at Olympia but the city may have functioned as a meeting place for worship and other political practices many years earlier. The city is located in western Greece. The games were held every four years. It is also presumed that such competitions pleased the spirits of the dead and were organized as part of funeral ceremonies for important people. Later games became part of religious festivals of honouring the gods but mostly they honoured the king of the gods Zeus
Tiger HannaHelene Hang Naming The word "tiger" is taken from the Greek word "tigris", which is possibly derived from a Persian source meaning "arrow", a reference to the animal's speed and also the origin for the name of the Tigris river. Physical characteristics Tigers are easy to recognise. They typically have rustyreddish to brownrusty coats, a whitish medial and ventral area, a white "fringe" that surrounds the face, and stripes that vary from brown or gray to pure black. The form and density of stripes differs between subspecies, but most tigers have over 100 stripes. Subspecies There are nine recent subspecies of tiger, three of which are extinct. The surviving subspecies, in descending order of wild population, are: The Bengal tiger or the Royal Bengal tiger; The Indochinese Tiger, also called Corbett's tiger; The Malayan Tiger; The Sumatran Tige
stuffing LANs) · 1.5 bit manchester (3 signal pulses) -> no transition in 1st bit · no signal Typical network protocol evolution: · extend one protocol by O Asynchronous Transmission Independent transmit & receive clocks. receiver explicitly transition -> illegal manchester code J: signal level remains same as previous for tacking on parts (in this caseanother protocol) resynchronizes on 1st bit of each byte remaining bits recovered by estimating bit boundaries explicit 1 bit period K: signal level remains opposite as previous for 1 bit period frame The DSAP, or Destination Service Access Point, is a 1 byte byte synchronization become critical for correct bit synchronization
One myth says that the mother of Achilles dipped him in the River Stynx until he became intolerable. Achilles appears in "The Illiad", by Homer. Homer also wrote the "Oddity", in which Penelope was the last hardship that Ulysses endured on his journey. Actually, Homer was not written by Homer but by another man of that name. Socrates was a famous Greek teacher who went around giving people advice. They killed him. Socrates died from an overdose of wedlock. In the Olympic Games, Greeks ran races, jumped, hurled the biscuits, and threw the java. The reward to the victor was a coral wreath. The government of Athen was democratic because the people took the law into their own hands. There were no wars in Greece, as the mountains were so high that they couldn't climb over to see what their neighbors were doing. When they fought the Parisians, the Greeks were outnumbered because the Persians had more men. Eventually, the Ramons conquered the Geeks
Video games To create modern day video games, people spend million dollars, but first video games were simple, easy to make and just some dots in the screen. Now I want to pressent you the history of video games, to be sure, that you know everything. 1958-William Higginbotham creates the first video game to play.It is called tennis for two. 1961- is the year when Steven Russell makes spacewar for the DEC-PDP1 computer. 1971-Nolan Bushnell and Ted Dabney engineer Computer space. 1972-Ralph Baer release the Magnavox Odyssey, the world's first home console.Also Al Alcorn creates Pong what's going to be one of the biggest games of all time for the atari what is found by Nolan Bushnell 1975-Pong home version launched. 1977-Atari launch the Atari 2600
Object-oriented programming. Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm that uses "objects" and their interactions to design applications and computer programs. Programming techniques may include features such as information hiding, data abstraction, encapsulation, modularity, polymorphism, and inheritance. It was not commonly used in mainstream software application development until the early 1990s. Many modern programming languages now support OOP. Class Defines the abstract characteristics of a thing (object), including the thing's characteristics (its attributes, fields or properties) and the thing's behaviors (the things
be a significant development cost. • No calibration effort required by main microprocessor. For a given real- world condition, such as temperature, it will always get the same value, regardless of the sensor output variation. • If a sensor becomes unavailable or otherwise has to be changed in pro- duction, the change can be made transparent to the main microprocessor 4 Analog Interfacing to Embedded Microprocessors code, with all the new characteristics of the new sensor handled in the remote microcontroller. Another factor to consider in calibration is the human element. If a system requires calibration of a sensor in the field, does the field technician need arms twelve feet long to hold the calibration card in place and simultaneously reach the “ENTER” key on the keyboard? Should a switch be placed near the sensor so calibration can be accomplished without walking repeatedly around
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