Leidsid 33 sarnast õppematerjali, mis on seotud failiga "Aegade nihe kaudses kõnes". Need materjalid aitavad sul teemat sügavamalt mõista.
minevik, present, tegusõna, simple, põhivorm, month, yesterday, continuous, olevik, clock, perfect, ajamäärused, nihe, kaudses, ajavorm, often, usually, lihtolevik, algvorm, sometimes, once, year, lihtminevik, night, listen, look, sunday, came, today, since, täisminevik, already, never, enneminevikPresent Simple (lihtolevik) Abitegusõnu do, does kasutatakse ainult + 1.põhivorm + (e)s he, she, it eitavates ja küsilausetes. - do (does) + not + 1.põhivorm ? do (does) + 1.põhivorm Väljendab: Korduvat tegevust, püsivat olukorda, sõiduplaanide jms. Seotud tulevikku Spikkrisõnad: always, sometimes, seldom, often, usually, once a week, twice a day, every day, on Mondays Present Continuous (kestev olevik) Be(am, is, are), kasutatakse jaatavates, + be (am, is, are) + 1.põhivorm ing eitavates ja küsilausetes. - be (am, is, are) + not+ 1.põhivorm -ing ? be (am, is, are) + 1.põhivorm ing Väljendab: Praegu toimuvat tegevust, praeguse momendi vältel toimuvat tegevust, ettekavatsetud tegevus tulevikus Spikkrisõnad: now, at the moment, at 6'clock, today
TENSES. ACTIVE VOICE. 1. Present Simple (üldolevik) I (he, she, it s) he works Eitav,küsiv do (I, you, we, they) he does not work does (he, she, it) does he work? Verbidele, mis lõpevad infinitiivis ss, -sh, -ch, -x või o, lisatakse ainsuse 3. pöördes es he touches, she goes Verbidel, mis lõpevad y-ga, mille ees on konsonant, muutub y->ies
Inglise keele ajavormid: 5. Õppeaasta Ajavorm Tähendus Vormid Abisõnad Present Continuous Kestev olevik am Look! Listen! Now! At (Present Progressive) BE is +ING the moment. At the are present. Present Simple Üldolevik He, she, it + S Always, usually (Indefinite) They, we, you, I (s) Sometimes, every ?does (he, she, it) (s) often Do (they, we, you, I) (s) Past Simple Lihtminevik II pv/ -ed Last, yesterday, ago
2 Praeguse perioodi vältel 2 Täna/sel nädalal toimunud 3 Tulevikus toimuv, seotud toimuv. 3 Elavate inimeste kohta, sõiduplaanidega. 3 Tulevikus toimuv, mida nad on/ei ole oma elus ettekavatsetud. teinud. II/-ed WAS/WERE + ING HAD + III pv. I learned English I was learning English I got up at 7 yesterday. I was reading a book when you When I came home, my He didn't get up at 7 came. sister had gone to bed. yesterday. He wasn't reading a book when What time did you get up? you came. What were you doing when I came. Toimus minevikus. Kestis teatud hetkel minevikus. Tegevuse puhul, mis toimus
She has lost her keys. 3. Something that began in the past and still continues now. He has been in hospital since Monday. Negative form: We haven't (have not) done our homework yet. He hasn't (has not) visited his granny since August. Question form: Have we met before? How much of that book has she read? Signal words: already, ever, just, yet, so far, till now, up to now, never, since, etc. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS (kestev täisminevik) Form: have/has + been + ing Use: 1. An activity that has recently or just stopped (the result is visible in the present). I am out of breath, because I have been running. 2. An activity that started in the past and is still happening. It has been raining for two hours. 3. Actions repeated over a period of time. She has been playing tennis since she was eight. 4. We are interested in the activity. It does not matter whether something has been finished or not I
Inglise keele ajavormid Tense Affirmative Negative Interrogative Adverbs Present Simple I do not + I 1) Do you go to school? every day (week, month, (Lihtolevik: Ma käin he, she, it } I-s he, she, it } does not + I 2) When does he go to year) koolis.) ex: I go to school. school? always often She goes to school. ! Who goes to school? sometimes usually
THE TENSES AJAVORMID JA NENDE KASUTAMINE AJAVORMI NIMETUS MOODUSTAMINE KASUTAMINE; SAGEDAMINI ESINEVAD AJAMÄÄRUSED THE PRESENT SIMPLE I pv. (+ s); do/does + I pv. Tegevus toimub korduvalt, on harjumuspärane. püsiv olukord, ajagraafikutega seotud tulevik Lihtolevik live, goes every day, usually, often, sometimes, always THE PAST SIMPLE II pv.; did + I pv. Tegevus toimub minevikus. Lihtminevik lived, went yesterday, last week two years ago, in 1998
Inglise keeles Eesti keeles + -/? Usage Näited 1. Present Simple Lihtolevik I ajavorm Do, don't, does, doesn't A permanent state, a generally Every day, always, often, (He, she, it + -s) known fact, usual or repeated usually, sometimes, rarely,
INGLISE KEEL Sisukord Sisukord 2 Ajavormid Tense vorms 3 Lihtolevik The present simple 3 Lihtminevik The past simple 3 Lihttulevik The future simple 3 Kestev olevik The present continuous 3 Kestev minevik The past continuous 4 Kestev tulevik The future conrinuous 4 Täisminevik The present perfect 4 Enneminevik The past perfect 4 Ennetulevik Future perfect 5 Üldminevik Past tense 5 Üldtulevik Future indefinite 5 Artiklid ja eessõnad 7 Eessõnad 7 Kesksõnad 8
INGLISE KEEL Sisukord Sisukord.................................................................................................................................. 2 Ajavormid Tense vorms.......................................................................................................3 Lihtolevik The present simple..................................................................................... 3 Lihtminevik The past simple....................................................................................... 3 Lihttulevik The future simple...................................................................................... 3 Kestev olevik The present continuous......................................................................... 3 Kestev minevik The past continuous
PRESENT PRESENT PRESENT PRESENT PAST SIMPLE PAST PAST PERFECT PAST PERFECT SIMPLE CONTINIOUS PERFECT PERFECT CONTINUOUS SIMPLE CONTINUOUS SIMPLE CONTINUOUS Lihtolevik Kestev olevik Täisminevik Kestev Lihtminevik Kestev minevik Enneminevik Kestev täisminevik enneminevik I pv Am/is/are, I pv, Has/have, III Has/have, II pv, -ed Was/were, -ing Had, III pv Had, been, -ing -ing pv/-ed been, -ing
Olevik: PS He/she/it + -s /Does I/you/we sama /Do PC am/is/are + -ing PP ... + Have/has + III PPC ... + Have/has been + -ing Minevik: PS -ed/III PC Was/were + -ing PP I/she/it/you/they + Had + -ed/III PPC - ... + had + been + -ing PPS - ... + have/has + III Olevik: Present Simple Lihtolevik: Tegijale harjumuspärane, tihti korduv tegevus, loodusseadused, sõiduplaanid, püsiv olukord. Eevery day/month/ year/once twice a week /often/ usually/ always/seldom/never. Tulevikku väljendades pärast: when, after, as soon as, until. Olekut väljendavate tegusõnadega: Like, love, hate, enjoy, prefer, adore; See, hear, smell, taste, feel, look, sound; Know, believe, understand, realise, remember, forget, notice, recognise, think,
Simple ... ago infinitive + he worked connected with an expression of I went liht in 1990 ed time (no connection to the present) he went minevik yesterday · an action happened in the Kestis teatud Past When you middle of another action hetkel minevikus I was working Prog came was/were + · someone was doing sth. at a he was working
PRESENT PAST TENSES FUTURE TENSES TENSES minevik tulevik olevik Present Simple Past Simple Future Simple lihtolevik Lihtminevik Lihttulevik I You + I põhivorm + II pv We ? , - Do + I pv. ?, - Did + I pv Will + I põhivorm They He + I põhivorm + S Tegevus tulevikus, mis ei She ?,- Does + I pv Lõpetatud tegevus ole ettekavatsetud It (yesterday, last week) (tomorrow, next week, next year) Korduv tegevus, faktid (always, often, usually, every day, normally) Present Continuous Past Continuous GOING-TO Future
Affirmative tense Use Signal Words /Negative/Question · always · action in the present taking place Simple Present A: He speaks. · every ... once, never or several times N: He does not speak. tegevus, mis toimub ühe korra, mitte · never Lihtolevik Q: Does he speak? · normally kunagi või mitu korda
AJAVORMI NIMETUS MOODUSTAMINE KASUTAMINE ; SAGEDAMINI ESINEVAD AJAMÄÄRUSED THE PRESENT I pv ( +s ); do/does Tegevus toimub korduvalt, on harjumuspärane. ev SMPLE live, goes every day, usually, often, somtimes, always,never Lihtolevik THE PAST SIMPLE II pv; did ,lived, Tegevus toimus minevikus. Lihtminevik went yesterday, last week, two years ago, in 1998 THE FUTURE SMPLE ( shall ) / will +I pv. Tegevus toimub tulevikus. Lihttulevik will go tomorrow, next week, soon, later, In 2050 THE FUTURE IN THE ( should ) / would +I Kaudses kõnes tuleviku asemel, kui pealause on
Get/ Have something TENSE ACTIVE PASSIVE WHEN? done Present Simple Am/is/are + Every day, year, often, I pv + do/does Have/ get + sth+ III pv Lihtolevik III pv usually, always Past Simple Yesterday, last year,
AJAVORMID JA NENDE MOODUSTAMINE AJAVORMI NIMETUS MOODUSTAMINE KASUTAMINE, SAGEDAMINI ESINEVAD AJAMÄÄRUSED THE PRESENT I pv; do/does + I Tegevus toimub korduvalt, on harjumuspärane SIMPLE live, goes twice a week, every day, usually, often, sometimes, always THE PAST (+) II pv; did + I Tegevus toimub minevikus SIMPLE lived, went yesterday, last week, two years ago, in 1996 THE FUTURE (shall)/will + I Tegevus toimub tulevikus, on üksteisele järgnev
Ing Present Simple Present Progressive/Continuous (lihtolevik) (kestev olevik) I vorm (play) am JAATAV he is I vorm+ing (playing) she I vorm+s (plays) are it do not I vorm (don't play) am
Ing Present Simple Present Progressive/Continuous (lihtolevik) (kestev olevik) I vorm (play) am JAATAV he is I vorm+ing (playing) she I vorm+s (plays) are it do not I vorm (don't play) am
Ing Present Simple Present Progressive/Continuous (lihtolevik) (kestev olevik) I vorm (play) am JAATAV he is I vorm+ing (playing) she I vorm+s (plays) are it do not I vorm (don't play) am
TENSES (Table) Past Simple Present Simple Future Simple Tegusõna 2. pv Tegusõna 1. pv Tegusõna on esitatud kujul [NB! He/She/It _____(e)s] Küsimuse/eituse will + 1. pv moodustamiseks kasut. Küsimuse/eituse did + 1. pv moodustamiseks kasut. Eituste moodustamisel do / does + 1. pv will not = won't Tunnused lauses: Lihtminevik. Keegi tegi Tunnused lauses: Tunnused lauses: midagi
PRESENT SIMPLE [s] lihtolevik · kestvad tegevused. Tom works in the market. · rutiinid. He works every day. · loodusseadused. The sun sets in the west. · ajatabelid ja programmid. The buss leaves at 7 am. · (spordi) kommentaarid. Ben passes ball to Tom. väljendid, mida kasutatakse: usually, often, always, every day/week etc, in the morning/afternoon/evening, at night/the weekend, on Friday etc. He works He don't work Does he work PRESENT CONTINUOUS [ is + ing] kestev olevik · tegevused, mis praegu leiavad aset. Karl is doing his homework at the moment. · plaanitud tegevus lähitulevikus. I am going to school tomorrow. · kui midagi toimub/muutub praegu. The number of burglaries is increasing. · alati sama korduv tegevus. You are always eating, when i wake up. väljendid, mida kasutatakse: now, at the moment, at present, these days, nowdays, still, today, tonight etc. He is working He isn't working Is he working
Will + infinitive (will go) Am/is/are going to + infinitive (is going to rain) 1.A decision at the moment of 1.Future plans made before the speaking: moment of speaking: A: 'I'm cold'. A: 'We've run out of milk.' B: 'I'll close the window'. B: 'I know, I'm going to buy some.' 2.Prediction based on opinion: 2.Prediction based on present I think the Conservatives will win the evidence: next election. Look at those boys playing football! 3.A future fact: They're going to break the window. He will be ten next year. 4.Promises / requests / refusal / willingness: I'll help you with your homework. Will you give me a hand? 5.In the same way as the future continuous, but with state verbs: I'll be at the station when you arrive. 'Shall' is used mainly in the forms 'shall I
• we don't use an article: at night, at noon, every We don't usually use an article week, every day, every night, last morning, last • to talk about things in general. • before the names of countries, cities, towns and villages. week, all night, all day, tomorrow, yesterday,... • with plural nouns and uncountable nouns when talking about them • use the with in the morning, in the afternoon, generally. during the night, the winter, the summer, the day Examples: She has got long hair. He wears black shoes. after tomorrow,... • when talking about sports, people's first
Lihtolevik väljendab: · Antud momendil toimuvat tegevust, mis ei väljenda kestvat aega, näiteks see, hear, know. I see that man who you are pointing at. · Üldist, kogu aeg toimuvat või korduvat tegevust, pole oluline, kas tegevus toimub rääkimise hetkel. Teachers teach in schools. He usually goes to gym on Monday. · Tegevust mingil ajal. I go to school at 8 o´clock. You have to pay taxes once a month. · Kõigile tuntud fakte. Life passes by quickly. Present Continuous Kestva oleviku moodustamine Jaatav vorm Eitav vorm Küsiv vorm I am speaking I am not speaking Am I speaking? He/she/it is going He/she/it is not going Is he/she/it going?
Present Simple (lihtolevik) Infinitive + He/she/it+-s Signal words: Every day, sometimes, always, often, usually, never + I work. He works. I go. He goes. - I don't work. He doesn't work. I don't go. He doesn't go. ? Do I work? Does he work? Do I go? Does he go? Present Continuous (kestev olevik) To be (am/are/is) + infinitive + -ing Signal words: now, at the moment, look!, listen! + I'm working. He's working. I'm going. He's going. - I'm not working. He isn't working. I'm not going. He isn't going. ? Am I working? Is he working? Am I going? Is he going? Present Perfect (täisolevik) Have/has+ infinitive + -ed / 3rd IRW Signal words: yet, never, ever, already, so far, since, for, recently + I have worked. He has worked. I have gone. He has gone. - I haven't worked
Tulevikus toimub tegevus, mis on seotud graafikute, sõiduplaanidega, tunniplanid Üleüldised tõed ja loodusseadused Kui midagi kommenteeritakse - tv Present continius am, is, are working be vormi abil tehakse now, at the moment, look, listen, hurry up just praegu toimub tegevus praegusel perioodil toimuv tegevus kõige kindlam tulevik ettekavatsetud tulevik Present perfect Have, has worked 3pv Eitavaid, küs have / has Ever, never, for, since, already, yet, today, this week / month / yrear Äsja lõppenud tegevus, millele visatakse pilk peale Tükk aega varem toimunud tegevus (eesti keeles nud) Elavate inimeste puhul kui tahame öelda, mida on oma elus teinud Present Prefect continius have has been working for, all, since, lately, recently tegevus algas minevikus, aga rõhutatakse, et parajasti nüüd kestab ta ikka edasi she has been working all morning Past simple Worked küs did Yesterday, last week, monady year, ago, in 1999 Minevikus toimunud tegevus
Present Simple · Korduv, regulaarne tegevus: I WORK every day / each Monday / only on Wednesdays. · Üldine, tavapärane tegevus; loodusseadused / füüsika etc. reeglid: I usually DO NOT WORK in summer. She DOES NOT WORK at night. Magnet ATTRACTS iron. · !!! Spordikommentarid: ... and now he PASSES the ball ... and off he GOES towards the goal... · 1pv (+s/es Å he/she/it); ? DO(ES)+ 1pv ; - DO(ES) not + 1pv Aari Juhanson, MA 2008 Present Progressive · Hetkel toimuv, pooleliolev tegevus: S/he IS TALKing on the phone now. I AM READing an interesting book. · Ajutine, regulaarsele ja tavapärasele vastanduv tegevus (tulevikku viitav): This summer they ARE not GROWing cucumbers as usual. They'RE GROWing tomatoes instead. · !!! Halvakspanu väljendus harjumuspärase tegevuse kohta: He IS always COMPLAINing! · BE (am/is/are) + 1pv-ing Aari Juhanson, MA 2008 Present Perfect ON -NUD
TEGUSÕNA PASSIIVI AJAD Present Present Simple Continuous Present Perfect AM + BEING + III HAVE/HAS + BEEN + OLEVIK AM/IS/ARE + III pv pv III pv nt. I am often invited to nt.She is being nt. They have been parties. manipulated. silenced by her sharp tongue. Passiivi
Tense Form Use Hints Example + I pv ((e)+s) Present Simple 1. daily routines, habits or repeated actions Every hour/day/week etc , I always play football in -? do/does not+I pv 2. permanent states usually, always, in the the evenings
Pikk ajalugu on lihvinud keelt ja tulemuseks on lihtne loogika ja käändelõppude puudumine! Mitmekesine ajalugu on aidanud kaasa eri päritolu sõnavarale ning ka hääldusmuredele. Väidetavalt on üle poole inglise keele sõnavarast mitte anglo- saksi päritolu, ehk siis laenatud – kontrolli hoolega, kas ‘sympathy’ ikka tähendab ‘sümpaatiat! kaastunne Aari Juhanson, MA 2009 Tenses – Tegusõna ajad • Olevik (Present) • Minevik (Past) • Tulevik (Future) • Kaudne tulevik (Future-in-the-Past) Aari Juhanson, MA 2009 Present Tenses • Lihtolevik (Present Simple / Present Indefinite) – regulaarne, korduv tegevus • Kestev olevik (Present Progressive / Present Continuous) – pooleliolev, ühes tükis tegevus • Täisminevik !!! (Present Perfect) – tehtud, *lõpetamata* tegevus • Kestev täisminevik (Present Perfect
Ajavorm Mille puhul Tegusõna vorm: Näide kasutatakse? Peresent Simple - Tihti korduva Tegusõna algvorm You speak English. Lihtminevik tavalise teo puhul. (+es/s ainult HE, (Sa räägid inglise Selleks võib olla SHE, IT puhul) keelt.) hobi; igapäevane She speaks English. plaanitud tegevus; (Ta räägib inglise tegevus, mis juhtub keelt.) tihti
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