Questions for the Second Philosophy Test A. Aristotle 1. According to Aristotle, what is the soul? Which are the three kinds of souls? Hing on elusolendi olemuslik vorm. Vegetatiivne, tajulik ja teadlik hing. 2. Where can we find truth and falsehood? Why? Oma teadvuses, kuna seal moodustame kontseptidest lauseid ja ideid, mida otsustamise käigus kõrvutades jõuame tõesuse ja vääruseni. 3. Which are the four causes? Aineline, vormiline, tegev ja lõplik põhjus. 4. What is the name that Aristotle gives to his god? Noesis Noeseos – mõtte mõte. B. Saint Augustine 1
„The Host“ The book was written by Stephenie Meyer. The book is about Earth, in a post apocalyptic time, being invaded by a parasitic alien race, known as "Souls", and follows one Soul's predicament when the consciousness of her human host refuses to co-operate with the takeover of her body. It describes what happens when Earth has been overrun by an alien species called Souls, which invade human bodies and erase personalities. There are one film based on the book. The main characters are Wanderer or 'Wanda' for a nickname, Melanie Stryder, Ian O'Shea, Jared Howe, Jamie Stryder, Uncle Jeb, The Seeker, Kyle O'Shea and Doc. In the first chapter Wanda goes in Melanie’s body and are described what she feels and thinks. In the beginning Wanda doesn’t listen Melanie and tries to ignore her. And Melanie really hated Wanda for "stealing" her body and ruining her life
this, every human being has their own soul. This is what makes us all different and unique. Because of this, how can we even question the weight of our lives, when it seems to be completely different for everyone? Well, let's think about the moment of death. It is the exact moment, where our energy leaves our bodies. It has been scientifically proven that at this moment, every human being loses weight - 21 grams on average. Then comes the question that cannot be proven whether this loss is our souls or not. The movie ''21 grams'' brings up a subject that everything we are weights only 21 grams. It is a weight of a chocolate bar, a hummingbird. Still, without these few grams we cannot live without. With these facts, life seems truly inconsequential to me. The first thought, that came into my mind, was whether this is all we are actually worth. It depends on a person, I believe that life is worth as much as you make it worth.
Tänapäeva RPG-de all mõistame seda, kus mängur kontrollib väljamõeldud tegelast/karakterit ja viib ta täitma missioone virtuaalsesse fantaasiamaailma. Mängur ise saab võtta vastutuse karakteri eest ning rännata ringi maailmas, mida ta pole enne kogenud. RPG peab jäljendama traditsioonilise rollimängu reegleid ja maailma. Paljud rollimängud põhinevad kirjanduteostel, filmidel või koomiksitel. Kõige kuulsamateks RPG-s nimetaks ma: The Elder Scrolls, Dark Souls, The Witcher, Final Fantasy, Fallout, Torchlight jne.. Üks versioon RPG-st on MMORPG ehk Massively Multiplayer online role-playing games, mis on kombinatsioon RPG-st ja MMOG-st, kus on väga palju mängureid, kes suhtlevad üksteisega onlines virtuaalsesmaailmas. Siis on ka olemas Action RPG-d, kus võitlused toimuvad reaal- ajas; Strategy RPG-d, kus on vaja nutikust, et võita vastane; Adventure RPG-d, kus
In war, there are no unwounded soldiers. Jose Narosky If we see a soldier who has returned from the war with no visible injuries we think he got lucky. But in war there is always injuries, even if we can`t see them. This essay will touch upon soldiers who go through death of friends, companions and even enemies which will leave a big hole in their souls, also soldiers who have died in war and have left behind families and in some cases kids who have to grow up with one parent. Not to mention the wounded ones, who will suffer from the actions of the war for the rest of their lives. Firstly, soldiers who go through death of friends, companions and enemies have a big hole in their souls. Seeing death isn`t something you can just forget, it becomes a memory that he doesn`t want to remember
A flat green bean eaten without the Fava bean pod Edict An official proclamation issued by authority Temperance Abstinence from alcoholic drink Restraining from something, Abstinence typically alcohol or sex Lust Strong sexual desire A M E AT L E SS D I E T WA S REFERRED TO AS A "PYTHAGOREAN DIET" FOR YEARS Fava beans have souls too! 1847 «plant-based foods have much less impact on the environment than meat does»
Isaiah Berlin Ruudi Vinter & Liisa Aavik 10a & 10c Millest me räägime * Isaiah Berlin * Tähtsamad saavutused * Töö filosoofina Isaiah Berlin * 6.juuni 1909(Peterburg, Venemaa Tsaaririik) - 5.november 1997(Oxford, Inglismaa) * Briti sotsiaal- ja poliitiline teoreetik, filosoof Tähtsamad saavutused * Tõlkis Ivan Turgenevi teoseid inglise keelde. * Briti Diplomaatiline Teenistus * Alguses töötas All Souls Kolledzis, Oxfordis * 1957-1967, Chichele sotsiaal- ja poliitilise teooria professor, Oxfordi ülikool * 1963-1964, Aristotelese Seltsi president * Oluline roll Oxfordi Wolfsoni kolledzi asutamisel * 1957 löödi rüütliks * 1971 pälvis teeneteordeni (Order of Merit) * 1974- 1978 Briti Akadeemia president * 1979 Jeruusalemma preemia * Iga-aastased Hampsteadi sünagoogi ja Wolfsoni kolledzi Isaiah Berlini loengud Töö filosoofina · "Liberalismi kaks tähendust"
Mount Kailash, Tibet Martina Kroon History Mount Kailash is a striking peak in the Himalayan mountains of western Tibet. According to Hindu mythology, Shiva, the god of destruction and regeneration, resides at the summit of a legendary mountain named Kailash. Mount Kailash is regarded in many sects of Hinduism as Paradise, the ultimate destination of souls and the spiritual center of the world. Pilgrimage Every year, thousands make a pilgrimage to Kailash. Pilgrims of several religions believe that walking all the way around Mount Kailash on foot is a holy ritual that will bring good fortune. The peregrination is made in a clockwise direction by Hindus and Buddhists. 52 km long. 6714 m high. Reasons for the pilgrimage Religion Peace of mind Tourism Location https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3kRbSb6MfFc Sources http://www
Set sail on Thursday April 11, 1912 2223 people on board Left from Queenstown, Ireland to New York Captain: Edward J. Smith Disaster!!! 11:40 pm Sunday, April 14, 1912 The hole was 300 ft long First lifeboat was launched at 12:40 am with only 19 people on board. After 160 min Titanic sank. Rescuing Carpathia comes to rescue Some of the people were in lifeboats 4 hours. 1517 souls died. 706 survived Rediscovery It was rediscovered in 1985 Robert Ballard 2,5 miles underwater Last living Titanic survivor Millvina Dean Age: 96 Only 2 months old at the time of sinking. Rescued with mother and older brother, Bertram. Sources http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RMS_Titanic http://www.rmstitanic.net/ http://www.encyclopedia-titanica.org/ http://www.titanic1.org/
Survey Report To: European youth union From: a member of the student committee Subject: A big music festival in Estonia The purpose of this report is to analyse the results of the survey conducted in Pärnu Coeducational Gymnasium. We questioned 500 stundents, from forms 7 to 9 and 10 to 12. As can be seen from the table the most popular genres of music among forms 7 to 9 were pop and rap. Pop music was liked by 21% of all students and rock music by 17%. Furthermore, quite popular was rock music, so we should consider including this genre in to our music festival, but the biggest problem with rock bands is that they have a lot of different musical instruments so we should consider building bigger stage. According to our questioning that we handed out to our gymnasium classes three most popular genres were dance, rock and also pop. The percentages as seen from the table were 29%, 24% and 31%. ...
Dear Neander Taal, Once again, I find disappointment. Once again, I find no satisfaction. Once again, I find that my motivations for writing this letter are not of insult or hatred, but of the deepest love for mankind and the truest concern for its future generations. It is requisite, even in this summary sketch, to go back a few years to see how I admit I have a tendency to become a bit insensitive whenever I rebuke Laivi Tuvahe for trying to leach integrity and honor from our souls. While I am desirous of mending this tiny personality flaw, by brainwashing her apologists with anarchism, Laivi makes them easy to lead, easy to program, and easy to enslave. I would like to comment on Laivi's attempt to associate hooliganism with Dadaism. There is no association. Should we be concerned that Laivi wants to destroy that which is the envy of--and model for--the entire civilized world? I'll answer that
10. november How mart day is get it name? Mardi day is on 10. november. That date is Mardi day get from the Martin Luther, who birthday is on 10 november 1483 year. How it celebrate in erst? On that day the autumn farming was end. Live stock impeled in the shed. In the Mart day people ate the goose, cooked sausages, drunk bear. That day solemnize soles came home and end the soul period. On that day were some work interdict because didn't may interfere the souls, prime- the womenkind works and make noise. After that day started to do inside works started wintertime. Day before the Mart day young boys or mart families ran house to house and singed special songs and danced special dances. Marts (it is called people who run house to house day before The Mart day) brings the good live stock luck. Marts were dressed up into the dark. Marts wore the masks. Marts always had Pease and he throw them on the ground to give to the family good luck
Soon Mary believed she was carrying a baby, but she was wrong In fact this happened twice to Mary. She thought she was pregnant because she wanted it so badly. Doctors now believe that she had stomach cancer and this was what made her stomach swell up Philip left Mary for good this time to fight a war in France. He did not return. Mary's rule Mary was determined to return all her people to the true faith She believed she was saving their souls by insisting on this When they refused to change their ways she had them burnt at the stake Bloody Mary It was these burnings at the stake which gave Mary the name by which she is still known today More than 300 people were burned at the stake during her reign In april 1558 when Mary was 42, she became quite ill after realising that she was not pregnant, for the second time
the police did everything that they could search the whole beach promenade, even the canebrake they didn´t find her. I imagine it is devastating to her family and her friends, and even if she would be found dead, the family would be better off than at the moment, unknowing about her well-being. They can only guess where she is or if she´s alive, and hope. Hope is what gives them the strength to continue with their normal day routine, and to let her go, from their hearts and souls. Hope is what makes them expect the best and to not worry. Hope is what makes their life bearable.
GB Great Britain Suurbritannia UK United Kingdom Ühendatud kuningriik VIP A very important person Väga tähtis isik MP A Member of Parliament Parlamendi liige SOS An international signal calling for Rahvusvaheline hädakutsung. help (save our souls) UFO An unidentified flying object Tundmatu lendav objekt a.s.a.p. As soon as possible Nii pea kui võimalik AD Anna domino In the year of our lord Meie ajaarvamise järgi BC Before Christ Enne meie aega i.e. Id est That is to say, in other words See tähendab Viz videlicet Namely, that is to say... Nii õelda Ms
One day Bree receives a phone call from someone asking for Stanley - her old male name. It is from a New York police station, asking if Bree will stand bail for a young man called Toby (Kevin Zegers) - taken in for prostitution - who is a son she fathered by a one-night stand 17 years ago. Bree's therapist says the surgery consents cannot be signed until she gets "closure" on this, so Bree is forced to travel to New York - posing as a Christian saver of lost souls - to get Toby out of jail, and travel with him cross-country to Los Angeles where her surgeon is waiting, all the time wondering if or when she should tell Toby the truth. When they are trippin a few days , Bree decides to visit her/his family and presents her/his son. Later Bree decides to tell the truth about him/her-self and Tobu leavs. In the end of movie Toby and Bree meet again. My opinion about the characters are good because i saw this kind og film fo first time. Actors are very good
- Bad tempered people Men's progress towards freedom. (Hegel) Persia is under emperor Xerxes- slaves, fighting for Xerxes and their country, but it does not mean anything to them Greece cities- Patriotism, they are fighting for their freedom and for their country, you can quit, because you volunteered, individuality. o Zeus (son of Chronos Time and Gaia Earth) · Moira- Fate, An underlying order which not even the Gods can alter · Transmigration of Souls- souls leave the bodies · Psyche- the mind · Morality and psychology might be important Miletus Underlying principle of the universe- H20 Milesian or Ionian School · Thales circa 624-546 BC - "All things come from water into water all things are resolved" - Nietzsche claimed that he deserved to be considered the first philosopher because he argued: o About the origin of things
Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level The Pagan holiday Samhain, that the All Saints holy day replaced, was also known as the Day of the Dead. Many Wiccans and modern Pagans celebrate the Day of the Dead. This is a happy holiday (even though it celebrates 'Death'). It is the day that the souls of dead people come back to Earth. Therefore, in Pagan religions it is not about scary things. It is about remembering family or friends who have died. Many Lutheran churches celebrate a holiday on October 31st called The Reformation. This holiday celebrates the day that Martin Luther put The NinetyFive Theses on a church door The Irish hollowed out turnips, placed a light inside to keep away the bad and stingy Jack
Otherkin Beliefs- Otherkin are a community of people who see themselves as partially or entirely non-human. This is explained by some members of the otherkin community through reincarnation, they have a nonhuman souls. Here you can see the model of reincarnation- it happens when a non-human (for example a fox or a wolf or a dragon) dies, their body dies but the soul never dies and it just takes some other body, gets inside there and many Otherkin community members believe that this non-human soul is in their body, that their own soul is not human. They declare that inside they are more than just homo sapiens. Not all otherkin necessarily share these
27,133 sq mi - Water (%) 2.00 Largest city Dublin The Emerald Isle Ireland is also known as the Emerald Island. It is one of the most beautiful countries of the world. Ireland is compared to a precious gem 'Emerald' because of its mesmerizing and captivating lush green natural beauty. The heavy rains in the western parts are responsible for the brilliant green grass. The exquisite Irish landscapes make profound impressions on the minds and souls of the beholders. Ireland has the most seducing landscapes. They seem to be the most luscious expression of romantic poetry. The Irish beauty is vinous,
● Ladinakeelne nimetus Odysseusest ● On paralleel vanakreeka eeposele "Odüsseia" ● Pigem tekitab segased tundeid ja tohutult küsimusi kui ilukirjanduslikku naudingut “Ulysses” Now let us try for a moment to realize, as far as we can, the nature of that abode of the damned which the justice of an offended God has called into existence for the eternal punishment of sinners. Hell is a strait and dark and foul-smelling prison, an abode of demons and lost souls, filled with fire and smoke. The straitness of this prison house is expressly designed by God to punish those who refused to be bound by His laws. In earthly prisons the poor captive has at least some liberty of movement, were it only within the four walls of his cell or in the gloomy yard of his prison. Not so in hell. There, by reason of the great number of the damned, the prisoners are heaped together in their awful prison, the walls of which are said to be
They built huge bonfires for that.People wore frightening costumes so that demons would do no harm. Nowadays children dress up to go trick-or-treating. If people will not supply a treat, they may play a trick on them - soap the windows, turn over dustbins, stick pins into doorbells, smash jack-o'-lanterns. ----------Võti---------- 1. (a) (b) (c) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (a) (b) 5. (b) 6. (a) 7. (a) (b) (d) food toit, söök skeleton skelett, luustik souls hinged owl öökull tub (vee)tünn ghost kummitus bat nahkhiir pumkin kõrvits witch nõid lighted süüdatud bobbing õngitsemine believed uskusid ghost kummitus, vaim return naasma, tagasi pöörduma without ilma belief uskumus catch kinni püüdma, kätte saama instead asemel
Third level Fourth level Fifth level Regent's street Regent Street is one of the major shopping streets in London's West End, well known to tourists and Londoners alike, and famous for its Christmas illuminations. It runs from the Regent's residence at Carlton House in St James's at the southern end, through Piccadilly Circus and Oxford Circus, to All Souls Church. Every building in Regent Street is protected as a Listed Building, at least Grade II status, and together they form the Regent Street Conservation Area. Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level Harrod's Harrods is a high-end department store located on Brompton Road in Knightsbridge.
However, conflicts eventually arose. As a starter, the arriving Europeans seemed attuned to another world, they appeared to be oblivious to the rhythms and spirit of nature. Nature to the Europeans - and the Indians detected this - was something of an obstacle, even an enemy. It was also a commodity: A forest was so many board feet of timber, a beaver colony so many pelts, a herd of buffalo so many robes and tongues. Even the Indians themselves were a resource - souls ripe for the Jesuit, Dominican, or Puritan plucking. It was the Europeans' cultural arrogance, coupled with their materialistic view of the land and its animal and plant beings, that the Indians found repellent. Europeans, in sum, were regarded as something mechanical - soulless creatures who wielded diabolically ingenious tools and weapons to accomplish mad ends. The Europeans brought with them not only a desire and will to conquer the new continent
Destroyer (1976) Rock and Roll Over (1976) Love Gun (1977) Ace Frehley (1978) Peter Criss (1978) Gene Simmons (1978) Paul Stanley (1978) Dynasty (1979) Unmasked (1980) Music from "The Elder" (1981) Creatures of the Night (1982) Lick It Up (1983) Animalize (1984) Asylum (1985) Crazy Nights (1987) Hot in the Shade (1989) Revenge (1992) Carnival of Souls: The Final Sessions (1997) Psycho Circus (1998) Sonic Boom (2009) Monster (2012) 8 Ajalugu Loominguliste lahkarvamuste tõttu lahkusid Criss ja Frehley 1982 bändist. Pärast seda langes bändi äriedu märgatavalt. 1990. aastate keskel tekkis "Kissi" nostalgia laine, mille harjal bänd teatas oma esialgse koosseisu kokkutulekust 1996. aasta maailmatuuriks. See oli taas ärilises mõttes väga tulus
were 854000 people in Estonia; Estonians, Russians, Ukrainians, Belorussians, Finns and others were the communities; citizenship was given to the poplke who had held it before 16 June 1940 and tgeir descendants Public holidays: Some national holidays: 23 June: Victory Day the Battle of Võnnu in the Estonian War of independence; 24 June St. John's Day; 2 February anniversary of the Tartu Peace Treaty; 14 March Mother Tongue Day; May second Sunday Mothers' Day; 2 November All Souls' Day; 14 February Valentine's Day. Some annual events: The Tartu Ski Marathon, Jazzkaar, Old Town Festival; Grandma-Granpa Days, Tallinn Rock Summer, Viru Säru, The Visual Anthropology; The International Organ Music Festival; The White Lady Festival National customs: The first all-Estonian Song Festival took place in Tartu ib 1869 and sice then the Song Festivals have become a national tradition, being held every 4-5 years; the Singing
kohati radikaalsed seisukohad ja otsekohesus ei olnud Londoni eliidi seas just väga soositud. Lühike sisukokkuvõte George Bernard Shaw ,,Pygmalion" Ühel õhtul kohtuvad vihma eest varju alla peitudes juhuse tõttu kaks keeleteadlast, Henry Higgins ja kolonel Pickering, kes üksteise vastu juba ammu huvi olid tundnud. Seal satutakse esimest korda kokku ka Tegevuse koht ja aeg Eliza, vaese lillemüüjaga. Pickering veab Higginsiga kihla, et viima...
Tonight I'm taking my moonwalk If I let the lightyears pass me by I'm free, stop hiding your feelings Here's my chance to say what's on my mind In the ocean of space, I made a mistake Viide: Laura esitamas eurolaulu I lost my sunshine, while running away Alone in the dark on this higher ground I want to come back, do you read me now Youre my satellite... (http://www.zone.ee/laurapoldvereweb/laulusna.htm) 1 Sunflowers Forgotten souls In suburban city lights You lose your sense of time Where are you now? Don't you realize Your rage has gone too far The truth's behind the bars Lies poisoning your brain Listen to what I say If you are In the streets of time Counting the hours You must listen and learn The secrets of flowers How they reach for the sunlight How they stretch and tower Just like sunflowers You look still confused The whirlwinds shake your head Like turbulence in the air You wonder who you are?
Since 1934 the June 23 is also national Victory Day of Estonia and both 23 & 24 are holidays. 20 August Day of Restoration of Independence: Estonia regains independence after Soviet times. The public holiday celebrates the restoration of independence in 1991, when the failed hard line coup in Moscow led to the collapse of the Soviet Union. Museums are usually closed on this day. November 2 All Souls' Day The Day of the Souls (2 November) is a day to remember the dead.A time of prayer for the departed, acquired particular poignancy during the Soviet occupation, when people visited the graves of friends and relatives, often remembering the atrocities suffered by so many during war and deportation. It was not a day sanctioned by the Soviet Union, so visits were often made surreptitiously. At night, one could usually determine whether households were
In the fishing village of Mandinga, for example a cool Gulf breeze softens the humid afternoon heat as the town's residents mestizos partly descenced from African slaves go about their business along dusty streets that Alfonso."so they come back.At least here they alwayshave a job" And hey have their music.Of all Veracruz's cosmpolitian influences food laced with Italian spices, heading practices from Arfica, sensual dances from Cuba it is music that speaks to the souls of the state 6.7 millon people.Beneah sun-drenched palm trees,tris of string musicians isteners el son jaroaocho,a blend of styles from aroud the world that has become the typical music of Veracruz.Between numbers androunds of beer and bpiled shrimp dueling marimba bands launch into ear-busting renditions of "Veracruz" the unofficial state anthem by native spn Agustin Lara."For veracruzanos" says veteran marimba player Matias Montejo, "music is the highest thing"
41. What is “substantial change”? The substance of sth changes entirely for example paper turns into ash. Substantial change is permanent. 42. Define substance and accident. Substance - the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists and which has a tangible, solid presence. Being in itself. Accident - a property of a thing which is not essential to its nature. Being in other. 43. According to Aristotle, what is the soul? Which are the three kinds of souls? Soul is substantial form of living things. The soul is alive. “The soul is the first actuality of a natural body that is potentially alive.” Three kinds: Vegetative, sensitive, intellectual. 44. Where can we find truth and falsehood? Why? Truth and falsehood are two kinds of being that are simply the consequence of judgement. We can combine new judgements to attain new truths. We call it reasoning. 45. Which are the four causes? Material, formal, efficient, final. 46
they work diligently & money, so happily & · everybody is dissatisfied · society gets maximum benefit The basic principle underlying Varnasrama: spiritually everyone is equal, materially everyone is different. We are all souls, children of God, we all have right to live. All of us can best contribute to overall system, that God has created, according to our respective talents. The principle of Ishavasya is implemented through the system of Varnasram. QUOTA IN HUMAN DIET (p 9-10) Principle of every sensible senisitive person should be I shall cause as less pain as possible to others. Vegetarian diet helps the world. DO PLANTS FEEL THE PAIN?
Dance before dead England's hearse. Every night and every morn Some to misery are born, Every morn and every night Some are born to sweet delight. Some are born to sweet delight, Some are born to endless night. We are led to believe a lie When we see not thro' the eye, Which was born in a night to perish in a night, When the soul slept in beams of light. God appears, and God is light, To those poor souls who dwell in night; But does a human form display To those who dwell in realms of day. ROMANTISM PRANTSUSMAAL THÉODORE GÉRICAULT (1791-1824) EUGÉNE DELACROIX (1798-1863) ROMANTISM SAKSAMAAL CASPAR DAVID FRIEDRICH (1774-1840) ROMANTISM HISPAANIAS FRANCISCO GOYA (1746-1828)
troubled and moved with the sweetness of that superexcellent delight which was ordained by Him that made all things, for the perpetuating of mankind, without which it must needs perish: and not only in human kind, but also in fishes, birds, beasts and all 6 creatures that creep and crawl upon the earth, likewise in your souls vegetative, some plants have the same inclination and disposition, that without the interposition of any other thing they be planted in some little distance one of another, and it is determined and agreed upon by the general consent of your gardeners and husbandmen, to be male and female. How can you answer this, Parmeno? Now my pretty little fool, you mad wag, my soul's sweet genius, [angel], my pearl, my jewel, my honest poor silly lad, my pretty little monkey-face,
night of the year. NATIONAL ANTHEM The Estonian national anthem, entitled "My Native Land, My Pride and Joy", was composed in 1848 by Friedrich Pacius, a Finn of German descent. The Estonianlanguage words were written by Johann Voldemar Jannsen. In 1869 it was performed at the first allEstonian Song Festival in Tartu and gained popularity during the period of the national movement. Estonians carried the melody in their hearts and souls during Soviet occupation, when it was banned. Another song "My Native Land, My Dearest Love" by Gustav Ernesaks, became an unofficial anthem at that time and enabled the people to express their feelings of national identity. COAT OF ARMS Lions were first used as Estonia's heraldic emblem in the 13 th century when they appeared on the large coat of arms of Tallinn. The originated from Denmark, which was ruling Northern Estonia at that time. A similar motif was
Law schools appeared, producing lawyers who could advise juries. The number of religious houses grew enormously. Many men & women wanted to be monks & nuns. The reason was economic difficulties. At the end of the 12th cent. there had been sharp rise in prices. Monasteries became centres of wealth & learning. Priests couldn't be married any longer. A new movement, the ,,brotherhood" of friars, wandering preachers, appeared. They were not interested in church power, but in the souls of ordinary people. Dealing with the Celts. William I had allowed his lords to win land in Wales. These Normans built castles, mixed with the Welsh. It was a new class, mixture of Norman & Welsh rulers who spoke Norman French & Welsh but not English. They became vassals of the English king. The Welsh who lived around Snowdon were free from English rule. They were led by Llywelyn ap Gruffyd, who tried to be independent. Ed I was determined to bring Wales completely under his control
with his family in India when he heard of Wolcott Balestier's sudden death from typhoid fever, and immediately decided to return to London. Before his return, he had used the telegram to propose to and be accepted by Wolcott's sister Caroline (Carrie) Balestier, whom he had met a year earlier, and with whom he had apparently been having an intermittent romance. On 18 January 1892, Carrie Balestier (aged 29) and Rudyard Kipling (aged 26) were married in London, in the The wedding was held at All Souls Church, Langham Place. Henry James gave the bride away. Settled in the U.S, and seemed content there until four years later, when a quarrel his wife had had with her brother resulted in a messy law suit and intense media interest. Kipling was horrified by the publicity and returned the family to England, thus continuing the restlessness that had remained with him since childhood. He would always be on the move, looking for somewhere to settle down
colourful and high-spirited. Men dress in splendid costumes. The tournament of roses takes place in Pasadena, California. All these events help to make the New Year's Day relaxing holiday. On new years day people talk about turning a new leaf. Many Americans make new years resolutions promising themselves to improve their behaviour. Typical resolutions are to spend less money, give up smoking, begin a diet or control one's temper 7) HALLOWEEN Every year on October 31, Hallowe'en, or all souls' eve is celebrated in the United States and Canada. In Great Britain it is a popular night, too. In the north of England, Scotland and Ireland people celebrate it more than in the south. At Halloween people have parties and play Halloween games. One of the most popular games is ,,bobbing for apples". Americans like to dress up in costumes and go trick-or-treating. If grownups refuse to supply a treat, the children may play a trick. The typical tricks are:
Let me not burst in ignorance; but tell Why thy canonized bones, hearsed in death, Have burst their cerements; why the sepulchre, Wherein we saw thee quietly inurn'd, Hath oped his ponderous and marble jaws, To cast thee up again. What may this mean, That thou, dead corse, again in complete steel Revisit'st thus the glimpses of the moon, Making night hideous; and we fools of nature So horridly to shake our disposition With thoughts beyond the reaches of our souls? Say, why is this? wherefore? what should we do? Ghost beckons HAMLET HORATIO It beckons you to go away with it, As if it some impartment did desire To you alone. MARCELLUS Look, with what courteous action It waves you to a more removed ground: But do not go with it. HORATIO No, by no means. HAMLET It will not speak; then I will follow it. HORATIO Do not, my lord. 35 HAMLET Why, what should be the fear?
The British eat pancakes with fresh lemon juice and sugar. EASTER Schools are closed for two weeks. On Good Friday, many people eat hot cross buns, toasted with butter. Children are given chocolate Easter eggs on Easter Sunday. The eggs are usually hollow and contain sweets. Some people decorate or paint real eggs. HALLOWEEN The evening of 31st October is Halloween which comes before All Saints' Day. The festival started in pre-Christian times. People believed that at Halloween the souls of the dead revisit the places where they once lived. Children dress up as witches and make lanterns. Some follow the American custom of "trick or treat". They call at houses and ask, "trick or treat?" If you give them money or sweets, they will go away. Otherwise, they will play a "trick" on you, such as squirting water in your face. 13
temptation to get a colony of their own. Rubén Darío, speaking for Latin Americans, accused Teddy Roosevelt of believing "that progress is just eruption,/ that wherever you put bullets,/ you put the future, too." And Apolinario Mabini, crafter of the Philippine constitution, warned the U.S. that "force ... cannot annihilate the aspirations of eight million souls who are conscious of their own power, honor, and rights; blood will not drown them, it will only nourish their great ideas, the eternal principles."Clearly, Mark Twain was not alone in thinking that the Americans had betrayed their founding values for what he labeled a "backseat" in the community of imperialist nations. That narrative still drives Americans' understanding of national identity
,,what does it mean to be a modern man in a modern city under mechanisation". At the same time he shows that man is a creature of pecularitys and contradiction, there are conflicting ideas and emotions. Herzog is very lonely and depressed, this is the range of his life. He calls the police for company, atleast someone to talk to. In general he views life in america as a horrible dream, where everything becomes standardized. The american nation is seen by hertzog as a crowd of lonely souls, frightened, faceless, brainwashed by the government and the media. But herzog is not only critical of the government but he is also disgusted by the middle class, believes that most of them have morally fallen, their desire in life is greed. Herzogs brother. Herzog thinks that such qualities as mercy, compassion, kind heartedness are very rare in the modern world. All in all he believes that values and ideas that reign in america are worthless
But just as this is happening, Levin grows more restless. He is studying more and more these days, and personal growth is lost. He doesn't understand how he was able to pray when Kitty was pregnant, all the while rejecting any belief in God. Levin is still looking for faith. The climax for Levin, the hero of Anna Karenina, comes when he speaks with a peasant named Theodore. Theodore tells him we should live not for our bellies, but for our souls. We must remember God and things that are bigger than us. Levin suddenly understands what this means, realizing that the best things are beyond our control as humans. How appropriate that a peasant helps Levin to realize all of this. "But now, since his marriage, when he had begun to confine himself more and more to living for himself, though he experienced no delight at all at the thought of the work he was doing, he felt absolutely
Possessive case the suffix apostrophe "`s" may be added to a phrase or sentence and the result is humor or colloquial touch (e.g. "She is the boy I used to go with`s mother." "He is the niece I told you about`s husband."). The ending of the plural may be added to the sentence FGI 1081 Stylistics (I. Ladusseva) 7 with the same effect (e.g. "One I-sorry-for-you is worth twenty souls ..."). Abstract nouns when used with the plural become very expressive (e.g. "Here reigned maenesses, cruels, ..."). ARTICLES: The article with a proper name ads a colloquial touch (e.g. Hardy Hardy`s: "The Hardy`s were rather late." "He was engaged to a Mrs. Haggard." "Have you a Tournel" (means a painting of Tournel). Indefinite article: - with a family name creates evaluative meaning (e.g. "I do not claim to be a
Lawrence, put up my hair-cloth shirt and scourge, And pray that Heaven may shed its light upon you. If any come to see me, say I'm gone To share my alms among the prisoners. DORINE (aside) What affectation and what showing off! TARTUFFE What do you want with me? DORINE To tell you . . . TARTUFFE (taking a handkerchief from his pocket) Ah! Before you speak, pray take this handkerchief. DORINE What? TARTUFFE Cover up that bosom, which I can't Endure to look on. Things like that offend Our souls, and fill our minds with sinful thoughts. DORINE Are you so tender to temptation, then, And has the flesh such power upon your senses? I don't know how you get in such a heat; For my part, I am not so prone to lust, And I could see you stripped from head to foot, And all your hide not tempt me in the least. TARTUFFE Show in your speech some little modesty, Or I must instantly take leave of you. DORINE No, no, I'll leave you to yourself; I've only One thing to say: Madam will soon be down,
For whenever a situation is of such a nature that not more than one can hold preeminence in it, competition for it usually becomes so keen that it is an extremely difficult matter to maintain a "fellowship inviolate." We saw this proved but now in the effrontery of Gaius Caesar, who, to gain that sovereign power which by a depraved imagination he had conceived in his fancy, trod underfoot all laws of gods and men. But the trouble about this matter is that it is in the greatest souls and in the most brilliant geniuses that we usually find ambitions for civil and military authority, for power, and for glory, springing; and therefore we must be the more heedful not to go wrong in that direction. But in any case of injustice it makes a vast deal of difference whether the wrong is done as a result of some impulse of passion, which is usually brief and transient, or whether it is committed wilfully and with premeditation; for
Some great stories have been woven from the relationship between a hero and an Ally. Don Quixote and his reluctant squire Sancho Panza form one such pair, representing two extremes of society and very different ways of viewing the world. Shakespeare often employs Allies like Lear's Fool or Prince Hal's riotous companion Falstaff to explore his heroes more deeply, providing the heroes with comic foils or challeng ing them to look more deeply into their own souls. Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson are another example, where the amazing intellect of Holmes is unfolded for the reader through the admiring eyes of his Ally, Watson, narrator of the tales. I N T R O D U C T I O N T O THE SPECIAL W O R L D Dr. Watson illustrates a useful function for Allies of introducing us to an unfamiliar world. Like Watson, they can ask the questions we would be asking. W h e n the hero
(2) Juliet is the sun. 2 A more complex solar metaphor: (3) Now is the winter of our discontent Made glorious summer by this sun of York. 3 (4) When the blood burns, how prodigal the soul Lends the tongue vows.4 What seems to characterize (1)(4) and other sentences called metaphori- cal? Beardsley (1967) identifies two features working in tandem: Within such a sentence there is a conceptual "tension" (human beings differ categorially from rocks or suns, and souls and tongues are not the kinds of things that could interact commercially); yet the sentence is not only intelligible but perhaps even exceptionally informative or illuminating, and may express an important truth. Other theorists have expressed the first of these two fea- tures more strongly, saying that a metaphorical sentence interpreted literally is incoherent, absurd, or at best transparently and wildly false--though we shall see below that that is not always so. Davidson's causal theory
not found fulfilment, illegals, enormous crowds of colonists, retired Russian servicemen, a hard burden to the natives pressurised continuously.3 Observing from the world level, we have been able to add some firm building blocks into the large edifice of musical creation of mankind and to promote the moving process towards the Ideal. For a very long time, there has existed hunger for genuine beauty and animation in music able to feed human souls in this mundane world full of meanness, decay and crises. This should be expressed by pure, simple, balanced mediums, in more cheerful tomes, under the leaden sky. The highest mission of all the arts is the elevation of human being through beauty concealed in the Self. There is a great need of Light! This has been implanted in the heart of everyone and can be made visible and active. Symphonic music is an essential demonstrator of spirituality in Western cultures
" he snapped, showing the first sign of spirit in over an hour. "You were unconscious." "You're not going to be a victim ever again, Eva. My God...what I almost did to you..." He turned his back to me, his shoulders hunched in a way that scared me as much as the attack had. "If you leave, we lose and our pasts win." I saw my words hit him like a blow. Every light in my room was on, as if electricity alone could banish all the shadows on our souls. "If you give up now, I'm afraid it'll be easier for you to stay away and for me to let you. We'll be over, Gideon." "How can I stay? Why would you want me to?" Turning around, he looked at me with such longing it brought fresh tears to my eyes. "I'd kill myself before I hurt you." Which was one of my fears. I had a difficult time picturing the Gideon I knew-the dominant, willful force of nature-taking his own life, but the Gideon standing before me was an entirely
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