Liisi Pajula 11 b The Inchcape Rock by Robert Southey The Inchcape Rock is a poem about Sir Ralph the Rover, an evil man, who wants to sink other ships, so he could use his own ship to blunder villages and towns. He removes a warning bell that warns sailors about a secret underwater rock. By doing this, he signs his own death sentence. At a dark night, he crashes his ship to the Rock, because there was no bell to warn him. In the first stanza of the poem Southey describes the surroundings. The tone of the poem is set, at the begging it is very serene and relaxed. The weather and sea are calm, the ship stands, undisturbed, in the water. The reader is supposed to feel joy and relax when this description is
Plural of nouns Nimisõnade mitmus 1. Ainsusele lisatakse -s sailor sailors 2. y-lõpulised nimisõnad Kui nimisõna lõpus on täishäälik +y, lisandub mitmuses -s boy boys Kui aga nimisõna lõpus on kaashäälik +y, siis y = i +es baby babies 3. Kui nimisõna lõpus on -s, -sh, -ch, -x või -o, siis lisatakse mitmuses -es bus buses potato -potatoes negro negroes kilo - kilos bush bushes tomato tomatoes disco discos piano - pianos
Guitar and Mandolin Guitar (kitarr) and mandolin (mandoliin) spread among the folk in the early 20th century. They became popular first with spiritual, but also with sentimental secular music making. Their peak fell on the 1920s and 30s. Guitar continues to be popular also today. BELLOWS INSTRUMENTS Estonian bellows(Eesti lõõts) First accordions reached Estonia quickly through sailors and merchants. Soon local masters began to make these instruments, the most famous among them was August Teppo (18751959) of Võrumaa. He set a type that was copied by others. Teppo's lõõts had great volume, they lasted long and had copper ornaments. Particularly good were Teppo's strings. This lõõts has chords only in major. Teppo type instruments are called eesti lõõts or võru lõõts, or Teppo lõõts. This instrument is still very popular in
Fat Margaret was built in 16th century. Author of the first design was Clemens Pale, but the building was finished by Gert Konigk. 2nd March 1917 the convicts were liberated and the tower was set in fire by the mob of workers and sailors In 1930ties part of the complex buildings were used by the Tallinn City museum In 1978 to 1980 the tower were renovate First architect Clemens Pale was start building the canon tower in 15101529 to protect the harbour against the invaders. Building was finished by master Gert Konigk from Münster in 1531. The tower was reconstructed by Polish renovators from 1978 to 1980 The tower was originally used the canon tower, later it
Church of St. Simeon and the Prophetess Hanna Nestled along a street near Tallinn Harbour is this fairytale, wooden church built in 1752 - 55 on the initiative of Russian sailors. St. Simeon's is the second Orthodox church to have sprung up as part of the suburban building boom that followed the Great Northern War. Since the coastline was considerably closer to the city in those days, the church was built practically on the edge of the water, and its foundation required some landfill. According to legend, rubble from shipwrecks was used for this purpose. The building was seriously damaged during the Soviet period, when it was turned into a sports hall
8 Kasutatud allikad 1. Plankton. http://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plankton 2. Plankton maailma veekogudes. Kai Piirsoo. http://web.zone.ee/haasikk/fff/9%20Plankton%20K%20Piirsoo.pdf 3. Fütoplankton. http://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%BCtoplankton 4. Märkamatu kuid tähtis zooplankton. http://www.bioneer.ee/eluviis/kliima/aid-11901/M%C3%A4rkamatu-kuid-t %C3%A4htis-zooplankton 5. Zooplankton. http://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zooplankton 6. Seeking sailors to help measure phytoplankton populations. Foto: Richard Kirby. http://firstlook.pnas.org/seeking-sailors-to-help-measure- phytoplankton-populations 7. Early life stage dynamics. Plankton demography. Foto: Jerry Prezioso. http://nefsc.noaa.gov/nefsc/Narragansett/plankton.html 8. Towards a better understanding of marine bacterioplankton dynamics. Christina Preston. http://www.mbari.org/seminars/2005/winter2005/feb9_preston.htm 9. Planktoni paradoks. http://et.wikipedia
Its name is ´´´southland´´. Since it is south of equator, its seasons are just the opposite of ours . Sometimes Australia is called the island continent . Two hundred years ago there were no white people in Australia . The only inhabitants were dark-skinned people who were still living in a Stone Age . Their only weapons were stone knives, simple spears, and boomerangs . For food they hunted and fished and gathered wild fruits and nuts . Dutch sailors stopped at several places on the northern and western coasts in the 1600s . They brought back word that the land was ´´ of very little use ´´ . There is a great desert in Australia, and comes down to the sea on the western and southern coasts . William Dampier was the first Englishman to reach Australia . But Captain James Cook´s explorations of the southeast coast in 1770 were more important . Cook found there a pleasant climate and beautiful forests .
mammal species are currently receiving little or no conservation attention.On 29 January 2010, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species identified 842 extinct species and subspecies. b) The rarest animal on Earth today is the Pinta Island Tortoise (originating from the Galapagos Islands) , which is critically endangered, since there is only one remaining in existence. Tortoises on the Galápagos have been hunted for their meat by sailors and fishermen to the point of extinction. Also, the habitat of the tortoises has been eaten away by goats introduced from the mainland. There have been several attempts to breed the last representative of the species with similar tortoise varieties, but none of the eggs hatched. On the other hand, there is hope for the successful conservation of rare animals. A number of different international organisations have the same goal and work hard to
geographical regions: the east coast, the Tsaratanana Massif, the central highlands, the west coast, and the southwest. The east coast The east coast consists of a narrow band of lowlands, formed from the sedimentation of alluvial soils and zone, composed of steep bluffs, alternating with ravines bordering an escarpment of about 500 meters in elevation. The coastline is straight, with the exception of the bay. The east coast is considered dangerous for swimmers and sailors because of the large number of sharks that frequent the shoreline. The Tsaratanana Massif region The island's highest peak, Maromokotro, at 2,876 metres is found in the Tsaratanana Massif, located in the far north of the country. The coastline is deeply indented; two prominent features are the excellent natural harbor at Antsiranana and the large island of Nosy-Be. The mountainous topography to the south limits the potential of a port at Antsiranana by impeding
parades are held in Wales. The daffodil is the national flower of Wales. In Wales it is tradition to wear a daffodil on Saint David's day. The leek is one of the national symbols of Wales and is also worn on Saint David's day. According to one legend the soldiers of Wales had to wear it on their helmets to recognize themselves in battles. The tradition of carving lovespoons goes back to the 17th century as it was popular pastime for sailors at the sea. Nowadays lovespoons have become extremely popular as souvenirs and gift, because they are unique to Wales. The triple harp is the national instrument of Wales. It has been used for ages as an accompaniment to folk-singing and dancing and as a solo instrument. It is called triple harp because it has three rows of strings. By the end of the 18th century the triple harp was widely known as the welsh harp because of its popularity in Wales.
Once the mud strikes, it leaves the villages and cities in ruins, as houses and other structures are quickly destroyed. And just as every day these villages are leveled by these disastrous attacks, the world's top scientists are working relentlessly to come out with a plan for the prediction and prevention of these horrible assaults. The men of the seas are always on the lookout for another natural disaster: whirlpools. These massive swirling vortexes of water are the cause of many lost sailors every year. With our primitive technology and archaic maps, seafarers sail the vast seas virtually blind, and can only hope to reach their destination. But sadly, all too often they will unknowingly navigate their ships straight into a tremendous whirlpool. As the trapped schooners swirl helplessly into these black holes of the seas, they are lost forever. It is believed that they end up in some alternate dimension, but this is only theory at this time. We can only hope to one day locate,
1. Where's A. situated? Auckland is situated in the Nort Island of New Zealand. 2. What's the population of A? It's the home of more than 400,000 people in Auckland City, that's 32.4% of the national population. 3. What kind of city is it? It is the biggest city of New Zealand, and it's waterside location has fostered the locals love affair with the sea, earning this place the nickname "City of Sails". 4. Who inhabited the city first? The first sailors to settle here were the Maori, and in later years migrants from the Pacific Islands have contributed to the Polynesian population. 5. When did the Europeans come? Europeans setteled in Auckland in 1840, a thousand years after Maori's did. 6. What kind of centre is Auckland? Auckland is the center of sails. 7. What are its most famous sights? Describe them. Famous landmarks such as the Sky Tower and Cornwall Park and One Tree Hill get
He invites lord Henry and Basil to watch a play, where she plays. After the play lord Henry tells Dorian that she is a good looking woman, but she's no actor. Dorian then dumps her. The next day he regrets it and writes a letter to Sybill. Before he can post it, lord Henry comes over and comforts him with the news of Sybill Vane's suicide. As years pass Dorian's two-faced personality developes even further. He lives a secret life, where he goes to shady bars to pick fights with foreign sailors, and is suspected of smoking opium. The things he do show up on the painting. At first there are only slight signs of cruelty, but later the face on the painting "deforms". Dorian is really afraid of someone seeing the portrait so he hides it in a locked room. He only shows the portrait to Basil, when he wants to take it to Paris for an exhibition. After Basil comments on the satanic look of the person in the portrait Dorian kills him for no reason. To get rid of the
Her first well-known novel was Stepsister, it's a story about an orphan girl's fate. She describes beginning of the urbanization process a lot. Also, she was one of the first woman writers in Estonia. She wrote about city a lot. You would think that it's just a city, but actually for her it was so much more. For her it was a future vision and she used to word city in more ways than you could ever imagine. She was a little sentimental, wrote about farmers, sailors and citizens life. Thanks to her creation we can learn about Estonia's life and early years of urbanization a lot. Third writer I am going to talk about is Aino Kallas. She lived 1878-1902. Actually she was a Finnish-Estonian writer. She came from Finland and then started writing in Estonian. She has later said that her problem was that she was trying to fix Estonia's problems, although it wasn't something she should have done as she originally was Finnish. She was really scandalous because
the Central African Republic to the east; and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo to the south. · Cameroon's coastline lies on the Bight of Bonny, part of the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean. · The country is called "Africa in miniature" for its geological and cultural diversity. History · The territory of present day Cameroon was first settled during the Neolithic · Portuguese sailors reached the coast in 1472 · The German Empire claimed the territory as the colony of Kamerun in 1884 and began a steady push inland. · An economic crisis took effect in the mid-1980s to late 1990s as a result of international economic conditions, drought, falling petroleum prices, and years of corruption, mismanagement, and cronyism. Politics and Government · The President of Cameroon has broad, unilateral powers to create policy, administer government agencies, command
o By the 7th c kingdoms had emerged and later KING ALFRED united the kingdoms o They were pagans and very rural people, built in wood rather than stone o It was the saxon farmstead that laid the foundations of the English village II. The Vikings o 8th century- 11th century o From Denmark, Norway o They were ship builders and sailors o In 886 the Danelaw peace treaty was made 4) The Normans/ the final conquest o 1066-1154 o From present-day France o In the battle of Hastings on 14.10.1066 the normans defeated the English and their leader, Duke William of Normandy, was crowned the king onf England(william the conqueror) o In 1086 the domesday book was completed- a complete catalogue of who owned what in the country
The only inhabitants were dark-skinned people who were still living in Stone Age. Their only weapons were stone knives, simple spears and boomerangs. They raised no crops and had no herds of tame animals. For food they hunted and fished and gathered wild fruits and nuts. But their tribes had very wellworked-out customs. A few aborigines still live in the emptier part of the continent and follow the thousand-of-years-old customs of their ancestors. Dutch sailors stopped at several places on the northen and western coasts in the 1600s. They brought back word that the land was '' of very little use ''. First people in Australia were the ancestors of the current Aborigenes, who arrived from present-day Southeast Asia over 40,000 years ago. Most of these people were hunter-gatherers, with their own oral culture and spiritual values. They had a great respect of the land and a belief in the Dreamtime.
• Shika Maru – last stop before Thursday Island • New Caledonia – prison, where Joe was. • Melbourne – where he fleed the boat • New Guinea – where he went to live after Melbourne STORY: Thursday Island is the last place God ever made. People in Sydney told me not to go, because there was nothing to see and I should get my throat cut. He had come up from Sydney in a Japanese tramp. He arrived in he middle of the night and one of the sailors told him that if he turned left he should presently come to a two-storey building, which was a hotel. The boat pushed off. He didn't like the idea of sleeping on hard stones on a jetty. So he started walking towards the hotel. He seemed to walk much more than a few hundred yards which it should be, but a little bit later he saw a building. No light showed, but his eyes were used to the darkness, so he found a door. There was no door
Their only weapons were stone knives, simple spears and boomerangs. They raised no crops and had no herds of tame animals. For food they hunted and fished and gathered wild fruits and nuts. But their tribes had wery well-worked-out customs. A few aborigines still live in the emptier part of the continent and follow the thousands-of-years-old customs of their ancestors. The Discovery of Australia Duch sailors stopped at several places on the northern and western coasts in the 1600s. They brought back word that the land was "of very little use". No wonder they had that idea. The northern shores of Australia are near enough to the equator to be very hot. They get a great deal of rain. The hot, wet climate is one that white people cannot stand well. Much of the western coast is dry and barren. There is a great desert in Australia, and it comes down to the sea on the western and southern coasts.
He is fat, doesn't fast a lot, rides a good horse and is richly dressed. He is still presented in good nature. The Parson is poor but is rich of holy thought and work. The Student rides an extremely lean horse, is poor, dresses threadbare his clothes are shabby because he spends all his money on books. He represents the spirit of learning. The Shipman represents many of his countrymen, other sailors, including pirates, who were making a name for England as a powerful maritime nation. o They each tell a story suitable for their class, different genres. The Knight a romance, the Miller a fabliau, the Prioress a religious legend. Each story has its own prologue and epilogue. There are numerous interruptions, characterised by the pilgrims' own actions. The whole tales are a broad
At that time, England with her colonies was the biggest and the strongest sea power in the world. During the First World War England dominated the high seas and the Baltic Sea. So it is quite obvious that after the Bolsheviks gained power in St. Petersburg, The English navy came to aid the newly formed government of Estonia in their war efforts against the Bolshevik invaders. The Royal Navy detachment blocked Bolshevik attempts to land troops behind Estonian lines. British sailors were among those who gave their lives defending Estonia's freedom during the conflict. Some of these men are laid to rest in Tallinn. The aid came not only in the military presence of the war ships, but also in technical, financial and moral support. The technical expertise of the military advisers 5 from England contributed largely to the outcome of the war between Estonia and Soviet Union
them with a note in a bottle. Melchior Díaz was sent down from Cibola by Coronado take charge of the camp of Corazones and to establish contact with the fleet. Soon after arriving at the camp he set out from the valley of Corazones in Sonora and traveled overland in a north/northwesterly direction until he arrived at the junction of the Colorado River and Gila River. There the local natives, probably the CocoMaricopa (see Seymour 2007b), told him that Alarcón's sailors had buried supplies and left a note in a bottle. The supplies were retrieved and the note stated that Alarcón's men had rowed up the river as far as they could, searching in vain for the Coronado expedition. They had given up and decided to return to their departure point because worms were eating holes in their ships. Díaz named the river the "firebrand" river because the natives used fire brands to keep their body warm in the winter.
Sage in Pretoria, oxtail ravioli with saffron cream sauce at Bartholomeus Klip in Hermon on the Cape west coast, even Tandoori crocodile at the Pavilion in the Marine hotel in Hermanus. There is crocodile on the menu and kudu, impala, even warthog at a number of restaurants that offer game. But there won't be seagull, mercifully, or penguin. Both were staple foods for the strandlopers (or beachcombers) - a community of Khoi who lived on the Cape shore - and the Dutch and Portuguese sailors who made landfall there. It was the search for food that shaped modern South Africa: spices drew the Dutch East India Company to Java in the mid-1600s, and the need for a half-way refreshment stop for its ships rounding the Cape impelled the Company to plant a farm at the tip of Africa. There are sections of Commander Jan van Riebeeck's wild almond hedge still standing in the Kirstenbosch Gardens in Cape Town. That farm changed the region forever. The Company discovered it was easier to bring
Almost no animals and few people visited Australia before the English colonists. The first people in Australia were the Aborigines. They came there more than 50,000 years ago. They were the only inhabitants. They were living in the Stone Age. Their only weapons were simple spears and boomerangs. They raised no crops and had no heards of tame animals. For food the hunted, fished and gathered wild fruit and nuts. Their tribes had very well worked out customs. Chinese sailors visited Australia 2,500 years ago. Australia remained unknown for Europeans until 400 years ago and no European settled there until 1788. Long before the seventeenth century, people though there was land in the southern ocean, but nobody had seen it. So it was called Terra Australis Incognita - the Unknown South Land. The first recorded European to see Australia was a Dutch - Captain William Jansz who entered the Gulf of Carpentaria in 1606
poet Burns”) back-reference In grammatical analysis, the term reference is often used to state a relationship of identity which exists between grammatical units, e.g. a pronoun 'refers' to a noun or noun phrase. When the reference is to an earlier part of the discourse, it may be called a 'back-reference' (or anaphora); collective noun Collective noun is the name we give to a group of nouns to refer to them as one entity. A crew of sailors. A flock of birds. A range of mountains. conjunction any member of a small class of words distinguished in manylanguages by their function as connecto rs between words, phrases,clauses, or sentences, as and, because, but, however. content words Content words are words that have meaning. They can be compared to grammatical words, which are structural. Nouns, main verbs, adjectives and adverbs are usually content words. Auxiliary
that occurred quite often. Nowadays, there are not many Aborigines left in Australia. It is said that they conceive only 1.5% of Australia's population and suffer from discrimination in employment. The low population is that low because the British fleets that arrived there in the end of the 18th century brought many viruses and diseases that were deadly to the Aborigines. Exploring Australia The first people who knew about Australia were the Chinese sailors (about 2500 years ago).Even the Indonesian anglers visited Australia hundreds of years before the first Europeans. The first European to see Australia was a Dutch captain Willem Jansz. He explored the Gulf of Carpentaria in 1606. Another European captain, Hartog, visited the west coast at Shark Bay also in 1606.Tasmania was discovered in 1642 by Tasman, who also named the Tasman Sea. However, none of them was happy over the discovery, because the land was very arid and barren
belonged to the Lutheran congregation from 1524 to 1950 (up to 1940 the congregation was German). Since 1950 the Union of Evangelical Christians and Baptist Churches of Estonia have used the church. The spire of the St Olaf`s Church has been opened to the public. The view of the Tallin Old Town and its vicinity is magnificent. Lore has it that citizens of Tallinn pursued two objectives at once when building the tower. Concerned about their sailors and guests of the city, they wished to erect a lighthouse that could be seen even from the shores of Finland. On the other hand, the magistrate and the citizens wanted to use the excesses of their funds to create such an architectural masterpiece for their hometown, the likes of which could not hav been found in any other European city. Tallinn's architects of the old days probably aimed to reach the Heavenly Father or to defy the skies at least. 14 Summary
and is virtually the only language of a whole range of other activities from scientific research to pop music."English may not be the best choice, but it is the obvious choice, for an international language. Whether we like it or not, the English language is becoming the global language. [9] Throughout this time one of the most significant events in the history of world languages was happening: English-speaking soldiers, sailors and colonisers were travelling to, and settling in countries right the way across the globe. Slowly, another international language emerged, spoken by diplomats, scientists, artists, business people and many more. Benefiting from the legacy of the British Empire, and the rise in influence of the most powerful member of that Empire - the USA - English (or kinds of English) is being spoken all over the globe.
Japan, Columbus decided to pay for his voyage in the one important commodity he had found in ample supply - human lives. He seized 1,200 Taino Indians, crammed as many onto his ships as would fit and sent them to Spain, where they were paraded naked through the streets of Seville and sold as slaves in 1495. Columbus tore children from their parents, husbands from wives. On board Columbus' slave ships, hundreds died; the sailors tossed the Indian bodies into the Atlantic. Because Columbus captured more Indian slaves than he could transport to Spain in his small ships, he put them to work in mines and plantations. His marauding band hunted Indians for sport and profit - beating, raping, torturing, killing, and then using the Indian bodies as food for their hunting dogs. Within four years of Columbus' arrival on Hispaniola, his men had killed or exported one-third of the original Indian population of 300,000.
Gamfield accepted. Mr. Bumble cleaned Oliver up, and brought him before the magistrates. As the magistrates were signing the contracts of Oliver's indenture, they realized that Oliver was petrified of going with the evil looking Mr. Gamfield. Because of this, they ordered Oliver back to the workhouse from which he came with orders to Mr. Bumble to treat him well. Chapter 4: The board decides that the best thing to do with Oliver is send him out to sea as a cabin boy. They figure that the sailors will take the best care of him, by which they mean treat him the worst and probably kill him. As Mr. Bumble is looking into this new arrangement, he runs into Mr. Sowerberry, the undertaker. Mr. Bumble tells him of young Oliver stating that anyone who takes him off the states hands will receive five pounds. Mr. Bumble asks if he knows of anyone who needs a boy, and Mr. Sowerberry offers to take him. The board agrees upon the plan, and Mr. Bumble takes Oliver, weeping
In 1498, Vasco da Gama reached India and brought economic prosperity to Portugal and its population of 1.7 million residents. In 1500, Pedro Álvares Cabral discovered Brazil and claimed it for Portugal. Ten years later, Afonso de Albuquerque conquered Goa in India, Ormuz in the Persian Strait, and Malacca, now a state in Malaysia. Thus, the Portuguese empire held dominion over commerce in the Indian Ocean and South Atlantic. The Portuguese sailors set out to reach Eastern Asia by sailing eastward from Europe landing in such places as Taiwan, Japan, and the island of Timor. The Treaty of Zaragoza, signed on 22 April 1529 between Portugal and Spain, specified the antimeridian to the line of demarcation specified in the Treaty of Tordesillas. All these facts made Portugal the world's major economic, military, and political power from the 15th century to the beginning of the 16th century. IBERIAN UNION AND RESTORATION
8. Beowulf Beowulf is the most famous heroic poem (written down 8-9cc) Beowulf is a war-leader from Scandinavia.He rescued the land of the Danes from a man-like monster Grendel. The monster kills the hero.The poet describes the funeral and how warriors mourned their king. 9. The Vikings, their way of life. Sutton Hoo In 789 three ships carrying Northmen (Vikings vikingr = pirate, raider in the old Norwegian) landed on the coast of the kingdom of the West Saxon. Many were sailors who sailed looking for plunder, trade and land for new settlements. Their craftworkers made beautiful objects. Most of the written evidence about the Vikings in England comes from ANGLO-SAXON CHRONICLE (892) Vikings lived in country settlements, grew crops, vegetables, kept animals, hunted animals, birds, fish. Vikings were great traders in town markets. JORVIK typical Viking town 9th c. V. moved to the islands of Shetland, Orkneys, the Hebrides, Ireland
No trophy, sword, nor hatchment o'er his bones, No noble rite nor formal ostentation— Cry to be heard, as 'twere from heaven to earth, That I must call't in question. KING CLAUDIUS So you shall; And where the offence is let the great axe fall. I pray you, go with me. 151 Exeunt 152 SCENE VI. Another room in the castle. Enter HORATIO and a Servant HORATIO What are they that would speak with me? Servant Sailors, sir: they say they have letters for you. HORATIO Let them come in. Exit Servant I do not know from what part of the world I should be greeted, if not from Lord Hamlet. Enter Sailors First Sailor God bless you, sir. HORATIO Let him bless thee too. First Sailor He shall, sir, an't please him. There's a letter for you, sir; it comes from the ambassador that was bound for England; if your name be Horatio, as I am let to know it is. HORATIO
regions of the world. The Moscovy Company had been developing profitable trade with Russia. The East India Company was founded to trade with the East Indies (Indonesia); competing with the Dutch and later with the French it soon began to operate in India, Persia and even in Japan. The Africa Company began selling slaves to the Spanish in America. And several other companies. Elizabeth followed two policies. She encouraged English sailors to attack and destroy Spanish ships bringing treasures back from America, and the treasure was shared with the queen. She also encouraged English traders to settle abroad and to create colonies. This second policy led directly to Britain’s colonial empire of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Notes 1. The Hundred Years’ War was actually a series of wars that lasted from 1337 to 1453
reportedly adv. to know by report; unconfirmed; supposedly adj. reported Syn. Rumored v. report n. report The students reportedly sent a representative, but she has not arrived yet. The reported tornado has not been confirmed. shift n. change in position or direction adj. shifting Syn. Switch v. shift adj. shifty The shift in the wind was helpful to the sailors. Earthquakes are caused by shifting in layers of earth along faults. Suffer v. to experience difficulty; to worsen in adj. suffering quality; to experience pain n. suffering Syn. endure n. sufferer The old man suffers from loss of memory. Many families experience the suffering of difficult economic times. MATCHING Choose the synonym. 1. benefit 6. endure (A) prosper (A) suffer
A young GI, following a prearranged system with his parents, tried to tell them he was in Tunis by using first T, then u, then N, i, and s as his father's middle initial in successive letters home. Unfortunately, he forgot to date them and they arrived out of order. The frantic parents wrote that they had looked and looked through their atlas but couldn't find Nutsi anywhere! Attempts of this sort grew so frequent by 1943 that the Navy had to warn its sailors that these "family codes," which were usually solved quite easily, could lead to severe penalties for the users. The third kind of open code is the geometrical. A Cardano grille places the message-bearing words in fixed positions on a page. The significant words can be placed at intersections of the lines of a geometrical diagram of specified dimensions. In the 1600s, Sir John Trevanion, a Cavalier awaiting trial and almost certain execution by Cromwell's forces, noted
decisions in later life. Modeling has been used as a powerful way to develop personality and character throughout history. Young people have been encour- aged to study school heroes and heroines, and emulate them as ccc_tracy_2_18-39.qxd 6/23/03 2:46 PM Page 28 28 ➤ CHANGE YOUR THINKING, CHANGE YOUR LIFE much as possible. In the military, the heroic acts of soldiers and sailors from the past are taught as part of the curriculum, encourag- ing young soldiers and sailors to think and act like them when the situation demands it. The people you most admire and look up to have an inordinate influence on how you think and feel about yourself, and the kind of decisions you make. Who are your role models? ■ CHOOSE YOUR ROLE MODELS WITH CARE There is nothing wrong with being thoughtful and concerned
regarded as originating from the state of Maine. Is has also been known as American Longhair, American Shag, American Forest Cat, American Snughead and Maine Trick Cat. There are various explanations of its origin. One is that it is a racoon/cat hybrid. Another is that Marie Antoinette sent her Angora cats to safety in the USA and that these cats interbred with the shorthaired domestics. Another is that New England sailors took home Angoras from Turkey in the late 17th century. Due to its tufted ears and large size (though not as large as some media reports would have us believe), others believe that the cats descend from North American bobcats or bobcat/domestic cat hybrids or, even more implausibly, as a hybrid between domestic cats and lynx. The misconception that it is a lynx hybrid is unfortunately still perpetuated by some credulous cryptozoologists.
from the ancient R o m a n spectacles, which were ritual dramas, combats, races, games, a n d contests enacted in the arenas a n d amphitheaters throughout the empire. In those days the most t h r i l l i n g ( a n d expensive) form o f entertainment was the " N a u m a c h i a e , " the staging o f great sea battles, in which the arena would be flooded and the spectators treated to the sight of ships ramming each other and capsizing, of sailors and doomed passengers drowning. 252 EPILOGUE: LOOKING BACK ON THE JOURNEY Titanic is a spectacle in this tradition. Lives were certainly sacrificed to the effort to put on this show, and the movie itself presents a feast o f death, the deaths of fifteen hundred people being re-enacted for our entertainment and edification. There is still something compelling about the spectacle of death on such a massive
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