Paul Graham, “Hackers & Painters” A Summary In “Hackers & Painters, Paul Graham, computer science expert and painter, explains examines what motivates computer programmers to do what they do, as well as attempt to answer many of the questions that have arisen with computers. He explains the word “hacker” has more than the one definition most of us are familiar with. The hackers who Paul Graham refers to throughout the book are the good computer programmers who have made all that we have real. Graham's
Report on the artists' financial support Aim of the report According to a recent survey, many artists could soon be having some serious money problems as The National Art Association is planning to stop paying a financial support to professional painters and it seems that they can not sell their paintings either. The survey which interviewed over 1000 The National Art Gallery guests was conducted by British Government. It found that guests are not flattered to buy art. Expensive Two out of five thought that it is nonsense to buy a painting. They thought that they can see some art in National Gallery if they want. Half of guests thought that they might buy some paintings if they had some spare money to spend.
small rooms of the Vatican Palace. You will find there a peace of arts like The School of Athens (3.), Parnassus (4.). There the Greek god Apollo appears surrounded by the Muses and the great poets. The Stanza d'Eliodoro (5.) It contains scenes representing the triumph (võidutsema) of the Roman Catholic church over its enemies. Triumph of Galatea (6.) In Rome he evolved as a portraitist. Portrait of Julius II (7.) and became one of the greatest of all history painters. World famous picture is Sistine Madonna (8.). He remained in Rome for the rest of his life.
A rich sugar manufacturer Henry Tate founded it in 1897. There are about 300 oils and 19000 watercolours and drawings. There are many works by the English painter William Turner there. Most of his paintings are connected with the sea theme. There are a lot of paintings by the 16-th century English artists and paintings by foreign artists of the 19-20- th centuries. There are some paintings by impressionists there. You can see works by modern painters: Pablo Picasso among them. There are many interesting sculptures there. Henry Moor's can be seen there. He was a famous British sculptor. The National Gallery is one of the most important picture galleries in the world. The Tate Gallery is the most necessary compliment to the National Gallery as it contains contemporary works particularly by English and French masters. The British Museum is the largest and richest of its kind in the world. It comprises the
Himself His birth name was Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni, but commonly known as Michelangelo. He was born on March 6th 1475 Caprese near Arezzo, Republic of Florence. Today, Caprese is known as Caprese Michelangelo. A young boy Michelangelo was sent to Florence to school. The young artist showed no interest in his schooling, preferring to copy paintings from churches and seek the company of painters. He was fantastically gifted. He died on February 18th 1564 in Rome, Papal States when he was 88 year-old. Michelangelo was an Italian sculptor, painter, architect and poet and engineer of the High Renaissance. He field sculpture, painting, architecture and poetry. He is the best-documented artist of the 16th century. He told his apprentice, Ascanio Condivi: "However rich I may have been, I have always lived like a poor man." Works
Konrad Mägi Konrad Mägi was born at Hellenurme, Tartu on November 1, 1878. He was an Estonian landscape painter and a teacher. He has also participated in the foundation of the art association and school "Pallas". He was one of the most colour-sensitive Estonian painters of the first decades of the 20th century, and Mägi's works on motives of the island of Saaremaa are the first modern Estonian nature paintings. As well as nature paintings, he also painted flowers and portraits. He always used sky in his paintings. His favourite colour was cadmium red, which is quite light and warm red tone. Mägi received his elementary art education from the drawing courses of the German Artisans' Society of Tartu
· Victor Hugo, the renowned French writer, stayed in Luxembourg in a picturesque town that lies close to the German border. The house where he lived has now been turned into a museum, which is very popular among the French and Dutch tourists. · The national flower is rose. · The national bird is Goldcrest (Regulus regulus) BELGIA/ Belgium · Europe`s tallest man is Belgian (Alain Delaunois, 2m30). · Belgian painters are credited to have invented oil painting in the 15th century. · The saxophone was invited in the early 1840`s by Adolphe Sax in Dinant. · The national bird is Common Kestrel (falco tinnunculus)
the 11th November, 1880. · Bushranger Ned Kelly was finally laid to rest 118 years to the day of his execution on 11th November, 1998 at the Pentridge prison grave site, Melbourne, where his remains were relocated in 1929 and then left in an unmarked mass grave. · Newspapers reported his last words to be, "Such is life." · The bushranger Ned Kelly is one of Australia's greatest folk heroes. He has been memorialised by painters, writers, musicians and filmmakers alike. More books, songs and websites have been written about Ned Kelly and the Kelly Gang than any other group of Australian historical figures. · · Bushranging was said to have ended with the shooting of the Kelly Gang in 1880 at Glenrowan, Victoria, made possible by the introduction of the Felons Apprehension Act 1865 (NSW) which allowed outlawed bushrangers to be shot, rather than arrested and sent to trial. ·
Leonardo Da Vinci We are making a presentation about Leonardo da Vinci. He was an Italian polymath and he had a wide range of interests including sculpture, science and painting. He is widely considered one of the greatest and most famous painters of all time. He was born on April 15th 1452 in a town called Vinci, that is also where he got his name from. Very little is known about his early life, but he spent his first five years with his mother and then moved together with his father. Leonardo had 12 half-siblings who were all much younger than him. Leonardo received an informal education in Latin, geometry and mathematics. At the age of 14 he joined a workshop held by an artist known as Verrocchio. There he painted his painting
The first museums were established and first art exhibitions held. Realism persisted. Peale employed trompe-l'oeil ("deception", giving the impression of three dimensions). Peale, Stuart and Trumbull all painted George Washington's portraits which were demanded and worshipped by the public. Military was romanticized by scenes of battle and theatrical postures. Artists: Charles Willson Peale, Gilbert Stuart, John Trumbull, Thomas Sully, Rembrandt Peale. History. History painters had to create a demand for their paintings. History paintings encapsulated the patriotic duty to memorialize the country's struggle for independence and human rights. Allston was America's first truly Romantic artist and expressed the themes of mystery, terror and poetic daydreaming. Artists: John Trumbull, John Vanderlyn, Washington Allston. Landscape, Genre and Still Life. In late-C18, these were almost entirely neglected. Guy painted city life, Birch painted the seascape
The first museums were established and first art exhibitions held. Realism persisted. Peale employed trompe-l'oeil ("deception", giving the impression of three dimensions). Peale, Stuart and Trumbull all painted George Washington's portraits which were demanded and worshipped by the public. Military was romanticized by scenes of battle and theatrical postures. Artists: Charles Willson Peale, Gilbert Stuart, John Trumbull, Thomas Sully, Rembrandt Peale. History. History painters had to create a demand for their paintings. History paintings encapsulated the patriotic duty to memorialize the country's struggle for independence and human rights. Allston was America's first truly Romantic artist and expressed the themes of mystery, terror and poetic daydreaming. Artists: John Trumbull, John Vanderlyn, Washington Allston. Landscape, Genre and Still Life. In late-C18, these were almost entirely neglected. Guy painted city life, Birch painted the seascape
Tudors England Life had many problems. Towns were becoming overcrowded, roads were muddy tracks and travelling was difficult. The overcrowding caused danger from fire and disease. What did the Tudors do for Britain? During 118 years of Tudor rule, England became richer than ever before. As the country became wealthier, towns grew, beautiful houses were built and schools and colleges were set up. Arts and crafts flourished too. England was home to great painters, writers and musicians. School in tudors time Not many children went to school in Tudor times. Those that did go were mainly the sons of wealthy or working families who could afford to pay the attendance fee. Boys began school at the age of 4 and moved to grammar school when they were 7. Girls were either kept at home by their parents to help with housework or sent out to work to bring money in for the family.
liitusid äärmuslike massiliikumistega (nt Marinetti Mussolini fasismiga). Kuna väga suurt rolli futurismi arengus mängisid manifestid,siis tooks välja tähtsamad manifestid: · Loomine ja futurismi manifest Founding and Manifesto of Futurism (F.T. Marinetti. Le Figaro, Pariis, 20.2.1909) · Esimene futuristlik poliitiline manifest First Futurist Political Manifesto (Marinetti) · Futuristlike maalikunstnike manifest Manifesto of the Futurist Painters (Umberto Boccioni, Carlo Carrà, Luigi Russolo, Giacomo Balla, Gino Severini. Poesia, Milaano, 11.2.1910) · Futuristliku maalikunsti tehnika manifest Technical Manifesto of Futurist Painting (Umberto Boccioni, Carlo Carrà, Luigi Russolo, Giacomo Balla, Gino Severini. Poesia, Milaano, 11.4.1910) · Futuristlike muusikute manifest Manifesto of Futurist Musicians (Balilla Pratella: Musica futurista per orchestre riduzione per pianoforte, 1912)
current ideals and foundations. Furthermore, the wider public was enthralled with his ability to represent brotherhood and patriotism while using the neoclassicistic style. (Friedlaender, 1952, p.16) Jacques-Louis David was born in Paris in 1748 as the son of an ironmonger. The leader of the French classical movement studied with the artist Joseph-Marie Vien. Although, he attained his real art education in Rome, where he was surrounded by ancient ruins and the masterpieces of great Italian painters. After returning to Paris in 1789 David started to shape his vision, connecting the themes from Antique with the themes of strict morality and heroic sacrifice. This was compatible with the new ideas of the French Republic and therefore David quickly turned into a national hero. When the French revolution started, Jacques-Louis David was as passionate towards politics as he was towards his art. He joined the National Convention, staged Republic marches and attacked the Royal Academy
THE PRE-RAPHAELITES The PRB was formed in 1848 in London and it was an association of painters, poets, critics, sculptors. It was founded by three Royal Academy students who wanted to brake free from the academic art and return to the moral and descriptive truthfulness that they felt was gone from art. (The Royal Academy of Arts is and institution with a purpose to promote the creation, enjoyment and appreciation of the visual arts through exhibitions, education and debate.). The founders were William Hunt, John Millais, Dante Rossetti. Because of the fact that they were all
Renaissance. Fifteenth century Florence was an exciting place to be. At that time the city was independent and had a population of about 60,000 . Leonardo da Vinci (1452--1519) was one of the most famous people of the Renaissance period. He was not only a famous painter but also studied science, designed machines and drew plans for new inventions. Young Leonardo grew up near Florence and studied painting with the great painters of the city. After a few years in Milan, where he painted for a famous duke ,he came back to Florence and painted a new hall for the city council. In his paintings da Vinci experimented with many techniques that artists hadn't used before. For example, he started to use perspective in his paintings. He put small objects in the background to make them appear far away. He also experimented with light, shade and colours. Da Vinci finished painting The Last Supper in 1497
Increased literacy and a growing body of secular vernacular literature encouraged the representation of secular themes in art. With the growth of cities, trade guilds were formed and artists were often required to be members of a painters' guild--as a result, because of better record keeping, more artists are known to us by name in this period than any previous; some artists were even so bold as to sign their names.
saan samuti teha siit ilmast lahkudes seda, mis mind õnnelikuks teeb. Naeratuse võttis suule, kui lugesin ridu, et ta oli küll haige, aga tegi oma tööd suure rahulolu ja rõõmuga. Olen taaskord rahul selle valikuga, mis ma raamatute suhtes tegin, ei kahetse üldse, sest tahtsin ka ,,Galat" lugeda, kuid ilmselt seda alles suvel. Renoir and impressionism A revolution was beginning in French painting. A number of young painters began to rebel against the traditions of Western painting and went directly to nature for their inspiration and into the actual society of which they were a part. As a result, their works revealed a look of freshness that in many ways departed from the look of Old Master painting. The new art displayed bright light and color instead of the solemn browns and blacks of previous painting. These qualities, among others, signaled the beginning of impressionist art.
eemaldati vedelikku ja pidi hakkama kandma korsette. Alates sest ajast sooritati talle mitmeid selja- ja jala (parem)operatsioone kümne järgneva aasta vältel. Ta vähendab oma õppetunde, kuid siiski jääb pühendunudks /truuks oma õpilastele. Talle makstaskse komisjonitasu seinamaalingu eest, posada sel sol hotellis, mille maalisid ta õpilased. Hotelli omanik pole kahjuks rahul sellega ja laseb selle hävitada. Ta maale näidatakse mitmel näitusel : gallery of contemporary painters ( ny) ja kahel näitusel mehhikos : second salon of the flower ja the child in mexican painting( benjamin franklini muuseumis) sel aastal alustab ka päeviku pidamis, mida ta tegi kuni oma surmani 1945 aastal kui ta oli lõpetanud Freudi „moses and monotheismi“ lugemise maalis ta oma tõlgenduse järgi sellest maali nimega „moses“. Lola alvarez bravo pildistab fridat ( seeriaid ja seeriaid pilte fridast)
Artists became the elite. An escape from the everyday and contemporary – history, feelings, myth, fairy-‐tale, medieval idealism. Lord Alfred Tennyson, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, and Lewis Morris. Pre-‐Raphaelite Brotherhood – a group of English painters, poets and critics was founded in 1848. Idealised classical art, especially Raphael. Initially seven members but many more associated with the group. Highly romantic, sometimes didactic (intended to teach or instruct) and moralistic (teach morals/call to morality); subjects: romantic and tragic
and interesting finds from all parts of the world and from all stage in the development of nature, man and art. London is one of the leading world centres for music, drama, opera and dance. Festivals held in towns and cities throughout the country attract much interest. Many British playwrights, composers, sculptors, painters, writers, actors, singers and dancers are known all over the world. Musical culture of Great Britain The music of the United Kingdom, which is part of British music, refers to all forms of music associated with the United Kingdom since its creation. Throughout its history, the United Kingdom has been a major exporter and source of musical innovation in the modern and contemporary eras, drawing its cultural basis from the history of
1972 Harel.J.;Schmied.W. ,, Hundertwasser KunstHausWien ".Köln:Taschen 1999 . Internet:http://www.kunsthauswien.com Wikipedia."Friedensreich Hundertwasser" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedensreich_Hundertwasser Suu.S."Hundertwasseri elurõõmus arhitektuur" http://ap3.ee/Default2.aspx? PaperArticle=1&code=2324/new_eri_artiklid_232404 . http://www.hundertwasser.at http://www.grinch.ca/HTML/Hundertwasser/Hundertwasser.htm http://www.aboutvienna.org/painters/hundertwasser.htm http://www.hundertwasser-stamps.com/ h t t p : / / a r t h i s t o r y. h e i n d o r f f h u s . d k / f r a m e - h u n d e r t w a s s e r - intro.htm http://pr.sv.net/aw/2006/May2006/english/pages012.htm L isad Lisa 1 : Ehitised Hundertwasserhaus, Viin KunstHausWien, Viin Roheline elamu, Magdeburg Hundertwasser Hauswald spiraal, Dramstadt Küttejaam, Viin Lisa 2 : M a a l i d
silverware of guilds, craft corporations, Brotherhood of the Black Heads and churches at Niguliste Museum; · European and Russian art from the period between 16th 20th century in the Kadriorg Palace, and a valuable collection of the 16th 20th c. art from Western Europe, Russia and China, donated to the museum by Johannes Mikkel, at Mikkel Museum at Kadriorg Art Museum; · Art of Adamson-Eric (19021968), one of the most outstanding Estonian painters of the 20th century, at Adamson-Eric Museum; · national romanticism of an Estonian artist of the first generation, Kristjan Raud (1865 1943), at Kristjan Raud House Museum located in Nõmme, in the premises of the final home of the artist. Kadriorg Art Museum The Kadriorg palace and park were founded by the Russian czar Peter I. According to the designs of the architect Niccolo Michetti, invited from Rome, the palace was built after the
the sovereignty of the Dutch Republic of the United Provinces was recognized. The republic thus severed all theoretical ties with Spain and the Holy Roman Empire and became one of the great powers on the Continent, a republic in the midst of monarchies. (3) 2.6 The Golden Age In the early 17th century, when eventual Dutch independence was assured, an era of great commercial prosperity opened, as did the so-called Golden Age of Dutch art, with such painters as Rembrandt and Jan Vermeer. By the mid-17th century the Netherlands was the foremost 9 commercial and maritime power of Europe, and Amsterdam was the financial centre of the Continent. (3) 2.7 Exploration and Colonization About 1600 a Dutch merchant expedition of three vessels sailed from Amsterdam to Java. This was the first of numerous journeys that left Dutch geographic names scattered over the globe,
It was founded by Sir Hans Sloane. The most famous rooms in the British Museum are King's Library which is the oldest room of the British Museum. The Great Exhibition in 1851 was held there. Then the Great Court which is the largest covered space in the British Museum. The rosetta stone is also there for people to see. It helped to understand foreign languages. National Portrait Museum It was the first portrait gallery in London in 1856. The famous painters are W. Hogarth and Sir J. Reynolds. The Science Museum It was built in 1857. It is part of the Kensington Museum and also part of the National Museum of Science and Industry. There is the Stephenson Rocket which is the oldest locomotive. Victoria and Albert Museum It was built in 1852. There are about 4.5 million objects. The Albertopolis is the area of cultural scientific and education importance. It is the largest decorative arts and design museum in London
Children nurtured naturally, recolution in child-rearing in upper classes, children no more small adults. Childhood needed freedom. In sense it was not unifying but divisive, because men had differing emotions. The uniqueness of Engl society: its passion for the open air, field sports, racing, the love for animals, along with the relms of Nature one aspect of sensibility. 31. The poetry of „sensibility” (Young, Gray, Blair, Collins) Sensibility liberated painters, less dramatic with writers. All time sense that they are constrained by the sheer weight of classical inheritance. Result: kind of frustration, because existing forms of poetic expression were inadequate to what they really wanted to say. Together they represent move away from the public themes dominating Augustan age towards poetry more domestic and personal. Too often some banality, but some lyrics are delicately moving.
taste, you are lucky because your life becomes more interesting. Gardening is one of the oldest man's hobbies. It is a well-known fact that the English are very fond of gardening and growing flowers, especially roses. Both grown-ups and children are fond of playing different computer games. This is a relatively new hobby but it is becoming more and more popular. Making things includes drawing, painting, making sculpture, designing costumes, handicrafts. Two of the most famous hobby painters were President Eisenhower and Sir Winston Churchill. Some hobbyists write music or play musical instruments. President Bill Clinton, for example, plays the saxophone. Almost everyone collects something at some period in his life: stamps, coins, matchboxes, books, records, postcards, toys, watches. Some collections have no real value. Others become so large and so valuable that they are housed in museums and galleries.
Bernhard Linde (1886-1954); and Johannes Aavik (1880-1973). Submerging into the depths of life, bringing forth its nature and offering it to the intelligent reader were the stated aims. Emphasis was laid on artistic-aesthetic expression while the social function of art was considered as secondary. Several other writers had contact with the movement: August Kitzberg (1855-1927), Aino Kallas (1878-1956) and Anton Hansen Tammsaare. Several painters belonged to the movement: Kristjan Raud, Nikolai Triik (1884-1940), Konrad Mägi (1878-1925) and Aleksander Tassa (1882-1955). The Young Estonians shared broad cultural interests; they studied and translated literary and artistic works from Scandinavia and Europe, and an influential role was played by the journals Noor-Eesti (1910-1911) and Vaba Sõna (Free Word, 1914-1916). This important development was due to a change in the general world-view, and
sakramendid. See oli vaieldamatult k�nekas katoliiklik doktriin, mille enamik protestantlikke usulahke tagasi l�kkas. ****** Jan van Kessel on imetlusv��rne ja hiilgav nat��rmortide maalija, keda on sageli segi aetud tema paremini tuntud nimekaimu ja eakaaslasega Antwerpeni maalikunstnike d�nastiast, Jan van Kessel vanemaga (1626 � 1679). Sellele viitavad t�psemalt ka A. van der Willingen ja F. Meijer, �A Dictionary of Dutch and Flemish Still-Life Painters Working in Oils, 1525 � 1725.� Leiden, 2003. Peale ilmselgete stiilierinevuste oli neil kunstnikel ka �ksteisest selgesti eristuv signatuur. Lisaks nimede kokkusattumusele on m�lemad kunstnikud olnud enam-v�hem �hel ajal ka Antwerpeni P�ha Luuka gildi liikmed. Kunstiteadlane Klaus Ertz on need maalijad p��dnud hilisemas kontekstis eraldada, nimetades k�esolevat Jan van Kesselit �Teiseks�, kuna segadust v�ib veel tekitada fakt, et Jan van Kessel �Esimesel� v�i
they're doing computer science so they can get DARPA grants. In the middle you have people working on something like the natural history of computers--studying the behavior of algorithms for routing data through networks, for example. And then at the other extreme you have the hackers, who are trying to write interesting software, and for whom computers are just a medium of expression, as concrete is for architects or paint for painters. It's as if mathematicians, physicists, and architects all had to be in the same department. ITK 2007, Kalev Pihl Sissejuhatus informaatikasse 3 Kordamine -Mis on informaatika? •Informaatika on teadus, mille jaotame tinglikult kolmeks .arvutiteadus e teoreetiline informaatika .programmeerimine .Infotehnoloogia ITK 2007, Kalev Pihl Sissejuhatus informaatikasse 4 Teoreetiline informaatika •Uurib: .Algoritme .Andmestruktuure .Keerukust .Jagatud arvutusi .Paralleelarvutusi
T h e T h r e e Little Pigs wisely refused to open the door to the Big Bad W o l f ' s powerful arguments. In Death Becomes Her, Bruce W i l l i s ' character receives several powerful Calls to drink a magic potion of im mortality. Despite an alluring sales pitch by Isabella Rossellini, he Refuses the Call and saves his own soul. ARTIST A S HERO Another special case in which Refusal of the Call can be positive is that of the artist as hero. W e writers, poets, painters, and musicians face difficult, contradictory Calls. 109 T H E W R I T E R ' S JOURNEY ~ T H I R D EDITION Christopher Vogkr W e must fully immerse ourselves in the world to find the material for our art. But we must also at times withdraw from the world, going alone to actually make the art. Like many heroes of story, we receive conflicting Calls, one from the outer world,
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