· Man as an animal-clever than other beasts, still explainable within the framework · Man is not a free agent, is govern by something · Unable to determine his own faith · Hereditary · Naturalists tried to apply in fiction the processes of natural sciences · Writers task is to record facts, systems of behaviour, living conditions, never revealing any natural unbiased (completely natural) · Point of view: amoral-outside the category of morality, neither good or bad · Naturalist find it absurd to blame the wicked. These criminals are doing what nature, environment, their unconscious tells them to do. Naturalists do not judge their characters, they simply report. Try to describe facts like they are. Naturalists depict the lower, coarser forms of life. · Drab, squallid set of scene. Revolting, disgusting · Characters are people with strong animal desires
relates to American Revolution on the one hand and the European Enlightenment on the other. Influenced by the scientific revolution of the 17th century and the humanist period during the Renaissance, the Enlightenment took scientific reasoning and applied it to human nature, society, and religion. American Enlightenment a gradual but powerful awakening that established the ideals of democracy, liberty, and religious tolerance in the people of America. If there were just one development that directly caused the American Revolution and uplifted the intellectual culture of the continent while it was only a British colony, it would be the American Enlightenment. Broadly, the Enlightenment was an intellectual movement that changed the fundamental perspective of the masses, urging them to foster skepticism and apply scientific principles in matters of religion and morality. Its chief values were: Liberty, Democracy, Republicanism, Religious Tolerance
Every man kills the thing he loves. The death of Wilde is the end of decadence in English literature. Late Victorian novel, Thomas Hardy. Modernism, James Joyce. Realism continued to flourish in England throughout the second half of the 19th century. Late Victorian novel. Took influence from continental Europe, e.g. Emile Zola. Concern for the social role of women – the heroines broke the conventional roles of Victorian women by supporting suffrage, smoking and adopting a more “rational” dress, also
Exile, a book that takes place after Ender's game and before Speaker for the Dead. Furthermore, Card recently announced that Ender's Game will soon be made into a movie. Though Card is best-known for "Ender's Game", he has also written in a variety of other genres, including plays, short stories, books on writing, the Homecoming series, other science fiction books, and nonfiction, such as articles on computer technology. Orson Scott Card in 2008 and when he was younger. The Setting The novel starts off on Earth, with scenes at the school and the Wiggin home. Little attention is given to the details of this setting, not even the name of the city, and so it comes across as a standard American neighborhood. A shuttle is used as a background in the fourth chapter. It has small narrow corridors and the walls of the rooms were carpeted as floors. The importance of the shuttle is that Ender learned something about orientation in zero gravity and that knowledge helped him a lot later.
mostly everyone he speaks to. His son, Freddie, also appears a lot in the text. Freddie is a go-getter and is not afraid of almost anything barring old Lord Emsworth himself. Lord Emsworth tries to get him to leave Blandings Castle whenever possible. Another one of the main characters is the gardener Angus McAllister. He is a grumpy Scot, who cares very much about his gardens. He is very moody and at one point has Lord Emsworth under his paw. 1) The custody of the pumpkin: Main theme in there is the Pumpkin contest, which Lord Emsworth very much wants to win. Also, Freddie, who usually is not in the castle, is there and is flirting with McAllister's niece from America, without Lord Emsworth knowing it. Lord Emsworth would probably not allow that kind of relationship because due to his beliefs he wants Freddie to marry someone from his own class. At one point Lord Emsworth finds out about it
Arkadyevna Karenina is coming to visit from Saint Petersburg. Meanwhile, Stiva's childhood friend Konstantin Dmitrievich Levin ("Kostya") arrives in Moscow with the aim of proposing to Dolly's youngest sister Princess Ekaterina Alexandrovna Shcherbatskaya, "Kitty". Levin is a passionate, restless but shy aristocratic landowner who, unlike his Moscow friends, chooses to live in the country on his large estate. He discovers that Kitty is also being pursued by Count Alexei Kirillovich Vronsky, an army officer. At the railway station to meet Anna, Stiva bumps into Vronsky. Vronsky is there to meet his mother. It surmises that Anna and the Countess Vronskaya have travelled together in the same carriage and talked together. As the family members are reunited, and Vronsky sees Anna for the first time, a railway worker accidentally falls in front of a train and is killed. Anna interprets this as an "evil omen." Vronsky is infatuated with Anna
York. 2. Characters · Holden Caulfield The main character of the book. He has been expelled from many schools due to his failure in fixing his grades and is expelled from his current school, Pencey Prep, right in the beginning of the story. Although he is intelligent, he fails almost every class, all except for English. He feels alone and sad, trying to find his place in the world, only finding support from his little sister Phoebe who he thinks is smarter than most of the adults. · Stradlater Shares a room with Holden at Pencey Prep's dorm. He is described as handsome and popular but secretly very untidy. · Ackely Holden's next door neighbor in the dorm. Holden thinks he is of him as a weirdo loner. He isn't very smart and he often barges into Holden's room without
informed perspective' (1999, pp. ixÁx). Murphy undertakes her journey with mixed expectations: on the one hand, she is eager to share the happiness of a dictatorship-free nation; on the other, she expects to find `much hardship, tension, dissention, suspicion' (1992, p. xiv). Hoffman adopts the hegemonic Western cliche´ of `the other Europe' as `less developed, less civilized, more turbulent and strife-ridden, [. . .] a source either of primitive savagery or of operetta entertainment' (1999, p. 11)
); world dominion (British empire); Economy: Industrialization; urbanization (people moved to towns no agriculture & food); laissez- faire economy new type, where government has no control over economy; booming economy- needed new markets and endless supply of raw materials; 1845- potato famine in Ireland, 1846- Corn Laws (import of cheap corn to feed hungry people); Social life: religious doubts (Darwin's The Origin of Species 1859)- question raised: is there a God at all?; sexual liberation- changed people thoughts about sex (before men & women had different bedrooms); problems: alcoholism, prostitution, child workforce, primitive technology. · How did the class structure change? Highest class was aristocracy (the Church and the nobility); the middle class/the bourgeoisie (shopkeepers, merchants, lawyers, businessmen etc.) was the biggest class; and the lowest class "the working class" and
BOOK REPORT Title & author of the book: 'Anita and Me' by Meera Syal The setting of the book? The story resolves around Meena Syal, the daughter of the only Punjabi family in the Midlands' mining village of Tollington. The novel provides a vision of British childhood in the 1960s, a childhood caught between two cultures, each on the brink of enormous change. Meena is desperate to fit in with the other children in her neighbourhood while forever feeling like an outsider because she is "different". Eventhough the Punjabi family is well respected by the locals, there are still sutations when they have to deal with racism. Plot summary (NB! Use the present tenses)
Report Title: ,,Frankenstein'' Author: Mary Shelley Genre: Novel Setting (time): 19th century Setting (place): North Pole, Europe (Switzerland, Scotland, England) Tone: magical, dark, mysterious, ghostly Themes: love, loneliness, science, human tendency Introduction Frankenstein was first published in March, 1818. This book is also known as The Modern Prometheus. Frankenstein is one of the most popular works of gothic horror and science fiction literature and it is considered to be one of the best known novels of English Romanticism. Characters
......................................................................... ...... 6 · Language and style.................................................................................................................. 7 · More about the novel.............................................................................................................. 8 · Sources.............................................................................................................................. ....... 9 Page 2 About the author Douglas Noël Adams was and English writer (11 March 1952 11 May 2001). He borned in Cambridge
Will started as an actor before starting to write his own plays; his career lasted for 21 years. Returned to Stratford in 1610, where he lived until his death atthe age of 52 and was buried in the local churh. Optimistic period wrote two long poems, ,,Venus and Adonis", ,,Lucrece", 154 sonnets, bright comedies, ,,Romeo and Juliet" and his historical plays. Sonnets the genre was developed in Italy, perfected by Petrarch, Shakespeare and Milton. In his poems there are the characters The Dark Lady, the Young Friend, the author. In his sonnets he criticizes human vices. Shakespeares ideal beauty differed greatly from the traditional beauty of the time. The Earl of Southampton was his friend. Comedies The Taming of the Shrew, A Mid-Summer Night's Dream, The Twelth Night, Much Ado About Nothing, The Merchant of Venice, The Merry Wives of Windsor, The Two Gentlemen of Verona, As You Like It
................... 4 3. PICTURES.............................................................. 5 4. PLOT....................................................................... 6 5. PLOT....................................................................... 7 6. CHARACTERS...................................................... 8 7. SETTING................................................................ 9 8. LANGUAGE AND STYLE................................... 9 9. WHOM DO I RECCOMEND THIS NOVEL........ 9 10. SUMMARY........................................................... 10 11. SOURCES.............................................................. 11 INTRODUCTION The Mysterious Affair at Styles is a detective novel by Agatha Christie. It was written in 1916 and was first published by John Lane in the USA in October 1920 and in the UK by The Bodley Head (John Lane's UK company) on January 21 1921.
as books the way we understand the word today. Centuries went before paper replaced parchment and papyri. In the 15 th century Johann Gutenberg invented a mechanical process of duplicating texts, which we today call book printing. The first book was printed between 1444 and 1446, so these years can be considered as the beginning years of book printing. His most important preserved printings are the 40 copies of the Bible. By the end of the 15 th century there were about 1000 print-shops in Europe already. The oldest Estonian book dates back to 1535. Libraries form a vital part of education. They make available-through books, films, recordings and other media- knowledge that has been accumulated through the ages. People in all walks of life use libraries to get information for their work. Libraries also play an important role in preserving people's cultural heritage.
Report Title: ,,Pride and Prejudice'' Author: Jane Austen Genre: Romantic novel Setting (time): 19th century Setting (place): England Tone: a bit depressed, satirical, vivid Themes: love, pride, prejudice, family, women and marriage Introduction Pride and Prejudice was first published on 28 January 1813 and it talks about love and marriage, personalities and misunderstanding, pride and prejudice. The book concentrates on the characters search of love, bafflements and feelings. The story is told from a third point of view. Characters
Page |2 Reading: Read through the text, look up unknown words by J. K. Rowling In 1990, a British woman in her mid-twenties called Joanne Rowling was on a train in England when she suddenly had an idea for a story she could write. She had enjoyed writing ever since she was a young girl, but there was something about the main character in this story that seemed especially exciting. He was a thin, black-haired boy who wore glasses. He was also a wizard, but didn't yet know about his magical powers. His name was Harry Potter. Harry has since made Rowling (whose pen name is J.K. Rowling) the richest author in the world. Her six books about his adventures have sold more than 300 million copies worldwide and exist in more than 50 different languages
and clear, sharp language. Modernist writers embraced the unconscious fears of a darker humanity. Sub movements: surrealism, formalism, avant-garde, symbolism, imagism Structuralism: Writers used myth and music as a part of the books structure. J. Joyce "Ulysses". Deep structure is the same as in "odyssey" and T.S. Elliot "the fisher king"-more complicated experiment. Aldous Huxley ,,point counter point"-builds his chapters on principles of music. R. Aldington ,,death of a hero"-a jazz novel. Polyphony-harmony. Cacophony Virginia Woolf ,,the waves"-symphony. Psychoanalysis: The greatest influence of psychoanalysis on literary production has probably been to add legitimacy to the already-existing trends towards greater psychological introspection and towards more prominent and franker discussions of sexuality. Main characteristic features of Modernism: Characteristics of Modernism Formal characteristics(11) · Open Form · Free verse · Discontinuous narrative
Fransis · 1607 Jamestown collony/John Smith · 1620 a boat called MayFlower · 1630 Boston was established · 1636 Harvard University · 1773 Boston Teaparty · 1775 War of Independence · 1776 4 July Declaration of Independence · First President George Washington Christopher Columbus Christopher Columbus (1451-1506) was an Italian explorer who sailed across the Atlantic Ocean in 1492, hoping to find a route to India (in order to trade for spices). He made a total of four trips to the Caribbean and South America during the years 1492-1504. He discovered America in 1492. I Indian sun, they pray for fan. J we hate Jews, they are fools. K Bush is okey, because he is not gay. L Americans are large, they eat much. M Mc`Donalds is good, there is a lot of food. N is for Nigga who pulled the trigger. O is for Osama who wears pyjamas. P is for Pamela who likes camera.
had no direct experience of World War I and because he is Jewish. He holds on to the romantic prewar ideals of love and fair play, yet, against the backdrop of the devastating legacy of World War I, these values seem tragically absurd. As a Jew and a nonveteran, Cohn is a convenient target for the cruel and petty antagonism of Jake and his friends. Read an in-depth analysis of Robert Cohn. Bill Gorton - Like Jake, a heavy-drinking war veteran, though not an expatriate. Bill uses humor to deal with the emotional and psychological fallout of World War I. He and Jake, as American veterans, share a strong bond, and their friendship is one of the few genuine emotional connections in the novel. However, Bill is not immune to the petty cruelty that characterizes Jake and Jake's circle of friends. Mike Campbell - A constantly drunk, bankrupt Scottish war veteran. Mike has a terrible temper, which most
,,Pride and Prejudice" by Jane Austen Book Report Introduction: The book was written between 1796 and 1797 and it was first published on 28 January 1813. The setting takes place in England, mostly in places called Hertfordshire, Derbyshire and Kent. The genre of the book is the novel of manners: it shows the conflicts between two individuals and also the love growing between them. The main themes are love, and it shows very precisely the development of young people's character and morality. The main characters are Elizabeth Bennet- main female protagonist. Mr. Fitzwilliam Darcy- main male protagonist. Mr. Bennet - Elizabeth's father. Mrs. Bennet - wife of Mr.Bennet and mother of Elizabeth and her
All Quiet on the Western Front Erich Maria Remarque Character List Paul Bäumer - A young German soldier fighting in the trenches during World War I. Paul is the protagonist and narrator of the novel. He is, at heart, a kind, compas-sionate, and sensitive young man, but the brutal expe-rience of warfare teaches him to detach himself from his feelings. His account of the war is a bitter invective against sentimental, romantic ideals of warfare. Read an in-depth analysis of Paul Bäumer. Stanislaus Katczinsky - A soldier belonging to Paul's company and Paul's best friend in the army. Kat, as he is known, is forty years old at the beginning of the novel and has a family at home
Their writings were matter-of-fact accounts of life in America, which explained colonisation to Englishmen back in the homeland. An example of this form of writing is John Smith's A True Relation of Virginia, which is widely recognized to be the first example of Am lit. The early years of colonisation produced a mass of utilitarian writings including biographies, accounts of voyages, diaries, sermons, pamphlets. Much of the material addressed the problems of Church and State. There were few examples of fiction, poetry or drama. Anne Bradstreet of Massachusetts published some lyrical poems of high literary quality (1650) and Edward Taylor, who was born in England but lived in Boston, wrote some poetry in the style of John Donne and the metaphysical poets. All 17 th cent Am writings were, both in content and form, similar to English lit of the same period. The great literary figures of the 18th cent were Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790),
Cædmon's Hymn is the oldest recorded Old English poem, and also one of the oldest surviving samples of Germanic alliterative verse The Hymn itself was composed between 658 and 680, recorded in the earlier part of the 8th century Middle English Geoffrey Chaucer 13431400 Known as the ,,Father of English literature", the greatest English poet of the Middle Ages An author, philosopher, alchemist and astronomer, diplomat Wrote The Book of the Duchess, the House of Fame, the Legend of Good Women and Troilus and Criseyde Best known today for "The Canterbury Tales" Crucial figure in developing the legitimacy of the vernacular, Middle English, at a time when the dominant literary languages in England were French Modern English William Shakespeare 26 April 1564 23 April 1616 The Elizabethan Era English poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's most important dramatist ,,England's national poet"
presents and expresses his ideas. 1.CHAPTER I 1.1. LARKIN STUDIES POINTS OF VIEW: BIOGRAPHY AND POETRY In the collection of essays edited by Stephen Regan (Philip Larkin, 1997) we can find some underlying question as: are we discussing the poem or the poet? Or, in Larkin’s terms: are we more deceived or less deceived by the metonymy of the phrase “we are reading Larkin”? The main purpose of the volume may be discussing and assessing Larkin’s poetry, but there are at least as many references to his letters (mainly published in SL) and to his life as to the poems themselves. If we think that Larkin is known as a legend we shouldn’t be surprised about the importance his life takes as a part of his work. His work, balancing on the borderline between “Life” and “Art”, will probably always is interesting not only for critics, but also for a wider reading public.
In the last section, Satan remains imprisoned in a frozen lake. The journey is difficult and full of revelations, disappointment and questions, but they persevere. The end of their journey leads Dante and Virgil to the bottom of Hell. Lucifer is seen in all his ugliness and they are drawn towards Heaven. They emerge to the surface, rising above the ugliness of sin and journey towards their goal as they catch sight of the stars shining in the heavens. Their journey begins on Good Friday and they emerge from Hell on the day of Resurrection, Easter Sunday on the underside of the world, in the hemisphere of water at the foot of Mount Purgatory. Dante's vision expresses his personal experience, through images to convey his interpretation of the nature of human existence. He writes in the first person so the reader can identify and deeply understand the truths he wished to share about the meaning of life and man's relationship with the Creator.
When he first arrived in Paris, he experienced a cultural shock and got inspired by it. He started to keep a diary of his experiences and decided to publish it as a novel when the Anglo-French relationships were at their worst during the Iraq War spring 2003. Therefore his novels (he has written three in this series) have become enormously popular all around the world, especially because they are partly true. Stephen Clarke himself still lives in Paris with his French girlfriend. This novel is considered to be seriously funny and a comedy with a message. "Merde Actually" has one main character whose name is Paul West, but there are also many other significant characters, that come from the previous book "A Year in the Merde". I can say that it would be better to read the first book of this series first, other wise some jokes and thoughts might stay incomprehensible. This novel starts with a description of how and where Paul West is going with his girlfriend Florence
BOOK REPORT Title of the book: Fight Club Author (name and some general information): Chuck Palahniuk is an American novelist born February 21, 1962 in Washington, USA. He is best known as the author for the novel Fight Club (1996), which was made into a movie in 1999. Palahniuk began writing fiction in his mid-thirties. When he attempted to publish his novel, Invisible Monsters, publishers rejected it for its disturbing content. This led him to work on Fight Club which he wrote as an attempt to disturb the publisher even more for rejecting him. After initially publishing it as a short story in the 1995 compilation, Pursuit of Happiness, Palahniuk expanded it into a full novel, which --contrary to his expectations--the publisher was willing to publish. Some other well-known novels: Rant, Choke, Diary. Analysis of the book 1. Setting
The december uprising happened 10 years prior to the book, so Pushkin could have been inspired by the way authority could be challenged by the lower people. The fact that Lizaveta comes out as the strongest character could be significant? Maybe the fact that Herman is German and was described as having 'the profile of Napoleon' could suggest that the relationship between the countess and Hermann reflects that of different countries during the time? Not really sure, hope it helped though. The tale opens in the "present" (about 1830) during a card game in the St Petersburg rooms of a Horse Guards officer named Narumov. Among the assembled guests is a young officer of engineers, Hermann, who is of German origin, and who never gambles, but observes the play keenly. Tomsky, another member of the company, remarks that his octogenarian grandmother, the Countess Anna Fedotovna, also does not "punt"
Jane Austen "Pride & Prejudice" Pride and Prejudice, first published on 28 January 1813, has consistently been Jane Austen's most popular novel. Austen sold the copyright for Pride and Prejudice to Thomas Egerton. Egerton published the first edition of Pride and Prejudice in three hardcover volumes in January. The tone is light and a little humoristic. Pride and Prejudice is a humorous story of love and life among English gentility. At first the book was called "First impressions" and this gives a better expression to the requests of the author, than the later heading. People meet, do not understand each other and
logic, mathematical theory of grammar) and linguistics (the theory of language structure, comparative linguistics, language typology, psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics; applied linguistics including speech and text processing, quantitative linguistics, modern applied linguistics). History of the Department Russian philology was not studied as an independent academic discipline until 1945, yet from the very beginning of the faculty's existence there were courses in Russian studies on offer for students of Slavic studies. In the 1922/1923 academic year, an independent Section of Russian Language and Literature was founded within the School of Slavic Studies. The section was, from its foundation until 1945, headed by Valerij Alexandrovic Pogorielov. In 1945 another member of the post-revolutionary wave of Russian emigrants, Prof. Alexander Vasilievic Isacenko, was appointed Professor in Russian Philology. In 1946 Prof. A. V. Isacenko became
The evidence Amy finds leads her to suspect Elizabeth cheated on the state exam. Amy informs the principal and gets Carl to testify against her. However, Elizabeth took embarrassing photos of Carl while he was drugged and uses them to blackmail him to say she is innocent. Having noticed her desk was switched, Elizabeth informs the principal that some teachers in the school are doing drugs. When the police bring a sniffer dog to search the school, they find drugs in Amy's classroom, in Elizabeth's desk. Amy is moved to another school by the superintendent. Scott asks Elizabeth to start over, but Elizabeth rejects him in favor of a relationship with Russell. When the new school year starts, Elizabeth is kinder to her co-workers, has started a relationship with Russell, and did not get the breast enlargement because she feels that she looks fine the way she is. Elizabeth also has a new position in the school as the new guidance counselor.
One of the themes in this book was probably Basil's love to Dorian. He told Harry that he can't be happy without seeing Dorian and later on confessed that he also worshipped Dorian. Beside this, the purpose of art is largely discussed about. The action takes place in the late 19th century in England, London. A lot of action took place at Dorian's and Basil's home. The story is mostly told from Dorian's point of view by a third person, but there was a part where it seemed like Wilde himself was retelling the story. The tone of the book is shocking and immoral and it made the overall mood of the story a little bit revolting and dark. The main charachter in this book is of course Dorian Gray. He is an ideal of beauty and this makes him arrogant. He thinks that if he is beautiful, everything is allowed to him. He kills one of his friends Basil, a conventially minded and talented painter and does not even feel guilty after that.
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