Leidsid 33 sarnast õppematerjali, mis on seotud failiga "At the time when Columbus discovered America". Need materjalid aitavad sul teemat sügavamalt mõista.
settle, irish, settlers, native, during, left, country, came, families, century, journey, potato, illnesses, medical, live, them, columbus, discovered, there, years, several, across, atlantic, hands, ireland, teachers, doctors, wrote, letters, full, everybody, middle, 19th, british, started, liverpool, famine, lost, crop, boats, arrived, ellis, islandTHE PEOP L E O F T H E AM E R I CA . I-LI IS, GRETE JA MA RTIN K. KOOSTASID: MA R IN THE BEGINNING. • WHEN COLUMBUS DISCOVERED AMERICA, THERE WAS ABOUT 10 MILLION NATIVE AMERICANS. • NEXT 200 YEARS, PEOPLE OF SEVERAL COUNTRIES SAILED ACROSS THE ATLANTIC OCEAN TO SETTLE AMERICA, WHICH WAS CALLED ‘’THE NEW WORLD’’. • PEOLE TOOK AWAY NATIVE AMERICAN’S LAND AND BROUGHT ILLNESSES THAT THEY COULDN’T SURVIVE. IRISH IN 18TH AND 19TH CENTURIES. • AMERICA WAS DREAM TO MANY IRISH. • FIRST PEOPLE WHO CAME TO AMERICA WERE MAINLY EDUCATED PEOPLE. • BELIVED THAT AMERICA WAS RICH LAND FULL OF OPPURTUNITIES FOR EVERYBODY. • THE LETTERS INVITED PEOPLE TO FOLLOW THE HAPPY SETTLERS THROUGHT THE „GOLDEN DOOR“. A ‘NEW’ BEGINNING FOR THE POOR. • IN THE MIDDLE OF THE 19TH CENTURY MILLIONS OF
Society and culture of english-sspeaking countries Introduction 1. The countries of the world where the English language is spoken. 2. Approximate number of mother tongue speakers of English approximately 350-400 million native speakers. Which place does English occupy in the world by its number of speakers?After which language? English occupies second place by its number of speakers after Mandarin Chinese. 3. What is the difference between English as a Second Language, English as a Foreign Language and English for Specific Purposes? Give examples of situations where they are used. English as a Second Language (ESL or TESL) is a traditional term for the use or study of the
Nowadays, English is so widely spoken that it can hardly be considered "a one nation's" language. The main countries where English is spoken are: the U.K, the U.S, Canada, Australia, the Republic of Ireland, New Zealand, West Indies 2. There are approx. 300-400 million speakers of English in the world. English occupies the 3rd place by its number of speakers; it is right behind Mandarin and Spanish. 3. ESL (English as a Second Language) used in your own country (e.g. India) EFL (English as a Foreign Language) used in a foreign country ESP (English for Specific Purposes) used in business, airlines, hotels etc. 4. Settlement colonies people migrated into them from Britain and started their own communities, they are the present English-speaking countries (USA, Australia, Canada, New Zealand) Trading Empire (dependencies) mainly ESL countries; British people were seen
1. What is known about the earliest settlers from Estonia to the territory of the present-day US? *The first immigrants from Estonia in the US = 1627 no trace of the "Estonians and Livonians" who left their homeland to settle at the mouth of the Delaware River (a Swedish colony) · 1654 at least one Estonian in the settlement of New Sweden on the Delaware River Johan Schalbrick, a drummer from Tallinn (Reval) · New Sweden Swedish colony on the Delaware River from 16381655 · 1657 Martinus Hoffman, born in Tallinn (Reval), came to New York (New Amsterdam), started to work as a saddlemaker. · His great-granddaughter Cornelia Hoffmann (b. 1734) married Isaac Roosevelt,
The United States of America. History. For thousands of years America was unknown to Europe. There lived only the native people, who had come from Siberia many thousand years ago by a land bridge. They had spread over the country, varying enormously from nomadic food gatherers to fishing societies. Then the Vikings visited Canada around AD 1000, but they did not stay. In 1492 Christopher Columbus discovered America while trying to reach India. He named the native people Indians, because he though he had reached India. He didn't stay either and in the sixteenth century the first Europeans to settle in America were the Spanish, the English and the French. The first village founded by the English settlers was in Virginia in 1607. It was called Jamestown. They didn't have good relations with the Indians and many of them died. But Pocahontas, the daughter of an Indian chief, became their friend and helped them. They
Now I now that there were three general groups that made up Creole society: 1) whites who were Creoles, Americans, and inhabitants of European origin made up the highest class; 2) free Blacks, emancipated slaves and their descendants made up the middle class; and 3) slaves who were household property, were the lowest class. The Creoles were the majority of the white population. They had a complex social organization, which included foreign groups such as Germans, Irish, and Spaniards whose names were given a French accent. The people who could trace their noble ancestors called themselves "Creole." Others were "chacas" or tradesmen, "chacalatas" or country folk (peasants), or "chacumas" for anyone with Black blood. All Creoles, no matter what level of society they were in, including slaves, looked down on the Americans. 3 Family life In the Creole family the father was dominant. His word was law. He was not always a
"20-Point Program" · Present situation 1 Reservations situated west of the Mississippi 1% of the population Minority group, less privileged Social problems Self-awareness Mixture of old and new HOW GOVERNMENT ACTS NOW- gives natives money and near Las Vegas the right to own casinos to compensate injustice and taking away land. II First Settlements · Jamestown Colony (living conditions, population, plantations, import of slaves) First permanent English colony in North-America 214 settlers Searching for gold (none found) Strategically good location, James River Quite poor conditions. Starvation, diseases, lack of water, attacks of natives , fierce weather Tobacco plantations African slaves, working in tobacco harvest 1620 by Dutch boat. Also Englishmen (convicts and poor people) Mayflower and Pilgrim Fathers Mayflower- cargo ship In 1620 one hundred Puritans boarded the Mayflower From Plymouth, England, to today's Plymouth, Massachusetts, United States
Topic The United States of America Tallinn 2007 1. Introduction The United States of America's territory is over 3.7 million square miles (over 9.6 million km²) and population more than 300 million people. The capital city is Washington D.C. Although the United States has no official language at the federal level, English is the de facto national language. English is the most common language for daily interaction among both native and non-native speakers. Spanish is the second language. The largest city is the New York City. The Government is Federal constitutional republic and the president is George W. Bush. 2. Geographical position The United States of America is located on the continent of North America. It has borders with two countries Mexico and Canada. There are also the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico surrounding the big country. There are 50 states in America. Most of the
Introduction The United States of America is a very big country. Its territory is about 9.4 million square kilometres and its population is more than 260 million people, 12% of them are the Afro-Americans. It is the world's third-largest country by size and by population. The population density is about 27 people per square kilometre. Most of the people live in towns. There are 50 states in America. The biggest of the state is Texas, next by size are California, Alaska and Montana. Six states - Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Connecticut ,Rhode Island and Massachusetts are called New England. They are all small states in the U.S. that lie in the north-east. The first colony of immigrants settled down in
.......................................................................................................................... 13 Used literature...........................................................................................................................14 Introduction I chose to make my report about the United States of America because it is really big country with a lot of people living there. Also, USA is really important to world's economy. I definitely would like to visit this country in the future to see the lifestyle of American people. Most of the greatest movies are filmed there, Americans are good in almost every sports and USA is one of the richest countries in the whole world. I would like to get to know more about this country and about it's people. Also, the nature of the United States seems interesting to me because it is so big country and there are a lot of different weather conditions. The next thing to learn about it would be it's importance and
Tallinn English College Topic The United States of America Form Tallinn 2005 Introduction The United States of America is a very big country. Its territory is about 9.4 million square kilometres and its population is more than 260 million people, 12% of them are the Afro-Americans. It is the world's third-largest country by size and by population. The population density is about 27 people per square kilometre. Most of the people live in towns. There are 50 states in America. The biggest of the state is Texas, next by size are California, Alaska and Montana. Six states - Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Connecticut ,Rhode Island and Massachusetts are called New England. They are all small states in the U.S. that lie in the north-east. The first colony of immigrants settled down in
HISTORY PRECOLONIAL AMERICA Before the first Europen settlers came, various groups of interrelated cultures lived there. Such as the Tingits, the Nootka, the Yurok and many more. Indigenous people mostly fished, because there vas a vast stock of fish. But they also relied upon agriculture, hunting and trapping. They built stable villages, and lived either in birchcovered wigwams or in rectangular longhouses. Later the indigenous people were called indians, by Christopher Columbus who thought that he had reached to India. COLONIAL AMERICA
Notions for The New World Native Americans Origin of Native Americans Nearly one-third of Native American genes come from west Eurasian people linked to the Middle East and Europe, rather than entirely from East Asians as previously thought, according to a newly sequenced genome. Native peoples of North and South America descended from ancestors who arrived via land bridges from East Asia, possibly in a single migration. Different tribes and their way of life The men were hunters, warriors, and protectors, while the women tended to the children, their homes, and farmed. It depended on the tribe when it came to artwork. In some tribes, the men would actually weave baskets and blankets. Natural foods were consumed and hunted. Deer, buffalo, fish, and various birds
It was great discovery. Watt's engine became the basics of industry. He invented a copying machine. The unit of electric power or activity was named 'a watt' after him. He retired when he was 64. His last invention was a machine for copying sculptures. He had many friends. He died in 1819. A monument was erected to him. 4) THANKSGIVING In the United States, the fourth Thursday in November is called Thanksgiving Day. On this day Americans give thanks for their blessings they have enjoyed during the year. Thanksgiving is usually a family day, celebrated with big dinners and happy reunions. The first American thanksgiving was held in Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1621. In 1620 a small group of puritans on a ship called mayflower set sail for America. This group called themselves pilgrims because of their wanderings in search of religious freedom. There were 102 men, women and children on the ship- The pilgrims were poorly trained and poorly equipped to cope with life in the wilderness
Race. Truth shall set you free, it has set me free. RAPE OF A RACE Let’s take slavery for instance. We attribute everything that has happened to the Black race to slavery. We delude ourselves about African Kingdoms which had thrived before the onslaught of first the Arabs, and later the Caucasians. We talk about the Pyramids of Egypt, the great empire of Mali and the learning capital of Timbuktu. Yes, I am constrained to agree that these were great legacies that our ancestors left us, but one cannot deny the fact that in the middle Passage of the 19th century we stopped functioning as a people with intelligence and the instinct to defend ourselves. In the 17th century, more than 36 million African men and women were taken into slavery and to the shores of America. Of that 36 million, more than 18 million died in the Trans-Atlantic crossings. Listen, don’t get me wrong. We are talking of over 36 million African men and women who were rounded up by
Topic Canada Tallinn English College 2006 1. Introduction If you had to use two words to describe Canada, they might be large and diverse. Canada is the second largest country in the world with a territory of about 10 million square kilometers and it is bordered by three oceans: the Arctic, the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans. The population of Canada is about 31 million people. About 77% of the people live in cities which lie in a band about 100 miles wide above the border of the United States. The capital of Canada is Ottawa. Other large cities are Montreal, Toronto, Vancouver, Winnipeg and Quebec. 2
Canada may be divided into seven physiographic regions: Arctic Lowlands, Cordilleran Region, Interior Plains, Hudson Bay Lowlands, Canadian Shield (Forest Lands), St Lawrence Lowlands and Appalachian Region. Divisions are based on each area's relatively similar physical geography and landforms. Physiographic regionalization is defined here as the process by which regions with relatively homogeneous physical geography are determined 2. Who are the native people of Canada? Into which three groups can they be divided? Canada's constitution specifies three categories of aboriginal peoples: Indian (First Nations), Métis, Inuit. According to Canadian census 2011, 1.4 mln people of Aboriginal origin (4.3%): 852,000 First Nations persons, 452,000 Métis, 59,000 Inuit. Indian (First Nations) - No written history before the contact with Europeans. Chief historical sources European
Next time they came in 43 A.D. and their leader was Emperor Claudius. Romans brought a lot with them. Their brought paved roads, the sites of important cities, the seeds of Christianity, the Roman law, Roman baths, language and advanced civilization. They also built Hadrian's Wall in 122 A.D. Romans occupied Britain for four centuries. The Roman way of life all vanished after the invasions from Northern Europe by the Angles, Saxons and Jutes from the 5th century onwards. They ruined Londinium, but they were easily turned into Christianity and religion became more and more important. The Vikings, who came in the 9th century, first raided England to plunder it, but then they decided to stay. In the 10th century England fell under Danish Rule, with King Canute finally managing to unite the Anglo-Saxons and Danes at the beginning of 11th century. Medieval England After defeating the Anglo-Saxon King Harold at the Battle of Hastings in 1066,
Cuisine of South Africa has had a variety of sources and stages: · Cookery practised by indigenous people of South Africa such as the Khoisan and Xhosa- and Sotho-speaking people · Settler cookery introduced during the colonial period by people of Indian and Afrikaner and British descent and their slaves and servants - this includes the cuisine of the Cape Malay people, which has many characteristics of Malaysia and Java, and recipes from neighbouring colonial cultures such as Portuguese Mozambique. Indigenous cookery traditional South African cuisine In the precolonial period, indigenous cuisine was characterized by the use of a very
Climate Pacific Ocean moderates west coast temperatures. Mild summers, cool winters, much rain on northwest coast. Warm and dry in summer, mild with some rain rest of the year on California coast. Inland Southwest mostly dry with warm summers and cold winters. Warm summers, cold winters, moderate precipitation on northeast and north-central but warmer. Alaska is extremely cold in winter and has spetacular glaciers. Hawaii is tropical. History Before Columbus came to the New World in 1492, the land were inhabited by Native Americans or Indians. After 1492, there was a struggle for land and domination in the New World. England defeated the Spanish navy in 1588. In 1607, it started its first successful colony in America, called ,,Virginia". That was where Captain John Smith met the beautiful Native american princess, Pocahontas. The colonies grew fast, they became the main colonies in the Americas
The making of a new nation. The Enlightenment in America. The emergence of the notion of the American Dream. The great Enlighteners: Crèvecoeur, Jefferson, Paine, Franklin. The American Enlightenment is the intellectual thriving period in the United States in the midtolate 18th century (17151789), especially as it relates to American Revolution on the one hand and the European Enlightenment on the other. Influenced by the scientific revolution of the 17th century and the humanist period during the Renaissance, the Enlightenment took scientific reasoning and applied it to human nature, society, and religion. American Enlightenment a gradual but powerful awakening that established the ideals of democracy, liberty, and religious tolerance in the people of America. If there were just one development that directly caused the American Revolution and uplifted the intellectual culture of the continent while it was only a British colony, it would be the American Enlightenment
..................................................................................................................8 Culture..........................................................................................................................9 Materials.................................................................................................................... 11 3 Introduction The United States of America is an enormous country. It is the third largest in the world after Russia and Canada. In the USA there are 50 states of which 48 lie together. The population of The USA is about 300 million people. The territory is about 10 million square kilometers. Its geography is very diverse ranging from moist rainforests to dry deserts and bald mountain peaks. There are two big mountain ranges, one of them is the Rocky Mountains and the other is The Appalachian Mountains. The Capital of The USA is Washington D.C
of America and Asia. The USA is one of the largest countries in the world. Its area is over 9 million square kilometers. Symbols of the United States include the American flag and the Great Seal. The name, "United States Of America", is usually shortened to "The United States", "America", or simply "The US" or "USA". America has over 270 000 000 people and the population is still growing. Its people are called the "Americans". Nearly all of the Americans are descendants of immigrants who came to America from other countries. Most of the people live in towns, the population of the countryside is becoming smaller and smaller. African-Americans or "blacks" are descendants of slaves, who were brought by violence from Africa for sale in America. The slave trade began in the 1600s and was finally outlawed in 1808. There are about 24 million African-Americans in the country. In the 1950s and 1960s, blacks finally won the basic rights of all Americans.
.................................................................. 8 Economy...................................................................................................................... 8 Population and Ethnicity..............................................................................................9 3 Introduction The official name of the country is the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom is an island country. It consists of the island of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Great Britain can be divided into three parts England, Wales and Scotland. Each of them has their own capital city. Glasgow in Scotland, Cardiff in Wales and London in England. The country is situated in the north-western Europe. The territory of the United Kingdom is about 244,000 square kilometres and about 60 million people live there.
native speakers, learned by foreigners. It is used in broadcasting, TV, news etc. It doesn't concern pronounciation (accent), but grammar and vocabulary. It includes formal and informal styles. British Standard English grammar and vocabulary, together with the RP accent should be called English English. RP (Received Pronounciation) is an accent that originates from South-East of England. A social accent, associated only with England. 12-15% of native speakers in England use Standard English (BrEng). 3-5% of them use RP (EngEng). Non-standard varieties of English are often called dialects. They are any other dialect of English other than Standard English. They are stigmatized as shameful and inferior, socially lower. Judging people by their accent might, however, be offensive. These varieties are connected to race in US and class in UK. Grammatical and lexical differences throughout the world in the English language are rather insignificant
6 orjusele lõppu tegema put an end to slavery 7 oma traditsioone ja kultuuri säilitama keep your traditions and culture 8 immigrantide arv the number of immigrants 2 Complete the sentences with the names of countries, nationalities, and languages. 1 The capital of Norway is Oslo. 2 Kevin lives in Chicago. He is American. 3 Michail comes from Moscow. He speaks Russian. 4 What nationality are you? I´m Estonian. 5 The descendants of the Africans brought to America are called settlers. 6 Uwe´s grandparents live in Germany. They speak German. 7 Michael comes from Australia. He speaks Australian English. 8 Eve lives in Ireland. She speaks English and Irish. 3 Write the sentences in reported speech. 1 Martin said, "We´re going on a class trip tomorrow." Martin said they were going on a class trip the next day. 2 Mary said to us, "I bought a book on big cats yesterday." Mary told us she had bought a book on big cats the day before.
Australia Topic Koostas: Aineõpetaja: Tallinn 2011 Location Only one country in the world fills a whole continent. That country is Australia. The continent it fills is Australia, too. Australia, then, is both a country and a continent. If someone wants to make clear that he is speaking of the country, he may call it by its full name of Commonwealth of Australia. Sixty million years ago Australia and its nearby islands were separated from the rest of the world by a great upheaval. They were cut off from Asia by the ocean. Very few people and almost no animals visited Australia before English colonists began to settle there in 1788. During all those 60 million years the native Australian mammals developed by themselves, undisturbed by the animals developing elsewhere.
American literature The literary history of this nation when the first humanbeing living in what has since become the U.S used language creatively. · Mid to late 18 century put down · Words are powerful, magical · Words must be remembered · Native Americans stories creation of the world · Attidude thought their land/language · Similar stories Dates and names · America was discovered in 1492 by Columbus · 1497 John Cabot went to Canada · 1579 San Fransisco/St. Fransis · 1607 Jamestown collony/John Smith · 1620 a boat called MayFlower · 1630 Boston was established · 1636 Harvard University · 1773 Boston Teaparty
S. Capital: Washington D.C Biggest city: New York National language: English Location U.S is located in North America, bordering both the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Pacific Ocean. United States neighbour countries are Canada and Mexico. The USA has the 8th longest coastline in the world at ~20 000 km. 62% of the perimeter of the USA is coastline. The USA's coastline is made up of beaches, cliffs, mangroves, and urban and developed areas, which make America very versatile country. Political division United States of America distributes into 50 states. The government power is limited by a dual system of government (federal government and individual state government). The federal government of the United States is the central United States governmental body. The federal government has three branches: the legislative, executive and judicial. Through a system of separation powers, all three branches have some authority over the others and are equal. Federal
Lawrence River, and with the Hudson river by a canal. In the west of the U.S.A. there is another big lake called the Great Salt Lake. The biggest rivers of the U.S.A. are the Mississippi, the second largest river in the world (6420 km), which flows into the Gulf of Mexico, the Colorado and the Columbia, which flow into the Pacific Ocean, and the Hudson River, which flows into the Atlantic Ocean. History The first people who arrived in the Americas were the Native Americans. Many of them lived in small groups of about 20-50 people. Most of them were very peaceful people, who lived by hunting and collecting food. Other Native Americans lived in small villages, where they had farms. When Columbus reached the Caribbean in 1492 he thought that he had landed in the East Indies in Asia, so he called the people there "Indians". After that thousands of Europeans arrived and they tried to take the land away from the Native Americans, so there were many wars
................................ ................................. Aborigines and first settlers.......................................................................................... Sports............................................................................................. .................................... Culture............................................................................................. .................................. Factfile Australia is the only country in the worlf that fills the whole continent. The continent is also called Australia, if you want to make clear that you are speaking about the country you may call it by its official name: Commonwealth of Australia. Australia is the smallest continent, but one of the largest countries in the world. Its area is about 7,6 million sq kilometers. Its population is about 20,0 million and most of the people live in bigger cities: Sydney (4.2 million), Melbourne (3
LONG BEFORE the white man set foot on American soil, the American Indians, or rather the Native Americans, had been living in America. When the Europeans came here, there were probably about 10 million Indians populating America north of present-day Mexico. And they had been living in America for quite some time. It is believed that the first Native Americans arrived during the last ice-age, approximately 20,000 - 30,000 years ago through a land-bridge across the Bering Sound, from northeastern Siberia into Alaska. The oldest documented Indian cultures in North America are Sandia (15000 BC), Clovis (12000 BC) and Folsom (8000 BC) Although it is believed that the Indians originated in Asia, few if any of them came from India. The name "Indian" was first applied to them by Christopher Columbus, who
These criminals are doing what nature, environment, their unconscious tells them to do. Naturalists do not judge their characters, they simply report. Try to describe facts like they are. Naturalists depict the lower, coarser forms of life. · Drab, squallid set of scene. Revolting, disgusting · Characters are people with strong animal desires · Neurotic characters unable to understand the forces that control them · By the end of the 18th century the naturalism depicts in europe, but stars to become the literature method no 1 in america · Naturalism appealed American authors because they found it very right to describe what was going on in the turn of century in America · They wanted something fresh, new · They were disgusted by romantics · Showed the harsh tone in moral life · Refleced the development of science · Period of intense urbanisation, the city is in the center of the novel, often
annaabi.ee 
