Leidsid 33 sarnast õppematerjali, mis on seotud failiga "Ajavormid". Need materjalid aitavad sul teemat sügavamalt mõista.
minevik, põhivorm, present, olevik, tenses, simple, yesterday, tomorrow, continuous, going, pooleli, perfect, lihtolevik, lihtminevik, lihttulevik, lõpetatud, year, often, usually, same, täisminevik, tingiv, kõneviis, väljendamiseks, alreadySIMPLE CONTINUOUS PERFECT I (-s) DO/DOES AM/IS/ARE + ING HAVE/HAS + III pv. I learn English I am learning English I have learned English. I get up at 7 every day. I'm reading a good book at the I've learned 10 words today. He doesn't get up at 7. moment. He hasn't learned any new What time do you get up? He isn't reading anything at the words today. moment. How many words have you What are you reading at the learned today? moment? 1 Korduv tegevus. 1 Praegu toimuv. 1 Äsja lõppenud 2 Püsiv olukord
Affirmative tense Use Signal Words /Negative/Question · always · action in the present taking place Simple Present A: He speaks. · every ... once, never or several times N: He does not speak. tegevus, mis toimub ühe korra, mitte · never Lihtolevik Q: Does he speak? · normally kunagi või mitu korda
THE TENSES AJAVORMID JA NENDE KASUTAMINE AJAVORMI NIMETUS MOODUSTAMINE KASUTAMINE; SAGEDAMINI ESINEVAD AJAMÄÄRUSED THE PRESENT SIMPLE I pv. (+ s); do/does + I pv. Tegevus toimub korduvalt, on harjumuspärane. püsiv olukord, ajagraafikutega seotud tulevik Lihtolevik live, goes every day, usually, often, sometimes, always THE PAST SIMPLE II pv.; did + I pv. Tegevus toimub minevikus. Lihtminevik lived, went yesterday, last week two years ago, in 1998
Present Simple · Korduv, regulaarne tegevus: I WORK every day / each Monday / only on Wednesdays. · Üldine, tavapärane tegevus; loodusseadused / füüsika etc. reeglid: I usually DO NOT WORK in summer. She DOES NOT WORK at night. Magnet ATTRACTS iron. · !!! Spordikommentarid: ... and now he PASSES the ball ... and off he GOES towards the goal... · 1pv (+s/es Å he/she/it); ? DO(ES)+ 1pv ; - DO(ES) not + 1pv Aari Juhanson, MA 2008 Present Progressive · Hetkel toimuv, pooleliolev tegevus: S/he IS TALKing on the phone now. I AM READing an interesting book. · Ajutine, regulaarsele ja tavapärasele vastanduv tegevus (tulevikku viitav): This summer they ARE not GROWing cucumbers as usual. They'RE GROWing tomatoes instead. · !!! Halvakspanu väljendus harjumuspärase tegevuse kohta: He IS always COMPLAINing! · BE (am/is/are) + 1pv-ing Aari Juhanson, MA 2008 Present Perfect ON -NUD
Present Now · something is happening at the *praeguse be (am/are/ I'm working Prog at the same time of speaking or around it perioodi vältel is) + he's working ressive moment · future meaning: when you have toimuv infinitive + I'm going kestev Look! already decided and arranged *tulevikus he's going Listen! toimuv, ing olevik to do it (a fixed plan, date) ettekavatsetud Past last ... ; Toimus I worked
INGLISE KEEL Sisukord Sisukord 2 Ajavormid Tense vorms 3 Lihtolevik The present simple 3 Lihtminevik The past simple 3 Lihttulevik The future simple 3 Kestev olevik The present continuous 3 Kestev minevik The past continuous 4 Kestev tulevik The future conrinuous 4 Täisminevik The present perfect 4 Enneminevik The past perfect 4 Ennetulevik Future perfect 5 Üldminevik Past tense 5 Üldtulevik Future indefinite 5 Artiklid ja eessõnad 7 Eessõnad 7 Kesksõnad 8
INGLISE KEEL Sisukord Sisukord.................................................................................................................................. 2 Ajavormid Tense vorms.......................................................................................................3 Lihtolevik The present simple..................................................................................... 3 Lihtminevik The past simple....................................................................................... 3 Lihttulevik The future simple...................................................................................... 3 Kestev olevik The present continuous......................................................................... 3 Kestev minevik The past continuous
Present Simple (lihtolevik) Abitegusõnu do, does kasutatakse ainult + 1.põhivorm + (e)s he, she, it eitavates ja küsilausetes. - do (does) + not + 1.põhivorm ? do (does) + 1.põhivorm Väljendab: Korduvat tegevust, püsivat olukorda, sõiduplaanide jms. Seotud tulevikku Spikkrisõnad: always, sometimes, seldom, often, usually, once a week, twice a day, every day, on Mondays Present Continuous (kestev olevik) Be(am, is, are), kasutatakse jaatavates, + be (am, is, are) + 1.põhivorm ing eitavates ja küsilausetes. - be (am, is, are) + not+ 1.põhivorm -ing ? be (am, is, are) + 1.põhivorm ing Väljendab: Praegu toimuvat tegevust, praeguse momendi vältel toimuvat tegevust, ettekavatsetud tegevus tulevikus Spikkrisõnad: now, at the moment, at 6'clock, today
Get/ Have something TENSE ACTIVE PASSIVE WHEN? done Present Simple Am/is/are + Every day, year, often, I pv + do/does Have/ get + sth+ III pv Lihtolevik III pv usually, always Past Simple Yesterday, last year,
TENSES. ACTIVE VOICE. 1. Present Simple (üldolevik) I (he, she, it s) he works Eitav,küsiv do (I, you, we, they) he does not work does (he, she, it) does he work? Verbidele, mis lõpevad infinitiivis ss, -sh, -ch, -x või o, lisatakse ainsuse 3. pöördes es he touches, she goes Verbidel, mis lõpevad y-ga, mille ees on konsonant, muutub y->ies
AJAVORMI NIMETUS MOODUSTAMINE KASUTAMINE ; SAGEDAMINI ESINEVAD AJAMÄÄRUSED THE PRESENT I pv ( +s ); do/does Tegevus toimub korduvalt, on harjumuspärane. ev SMPLE live, goes every day, usually, often, somtimes, always,never Lihtolevik THE PAST SIMPLE II pv; did ,lived, Tegevus toimus minevikus. Lihtminevik went yesterday, last week, two years ago, in 1998 THE FUTURE SMPLE ( shall ) / will +I pv. Tegevus toimub tulevikus. Lihttulevik will go tomorrow, next week, soon, later, In 2050 THE FUTURE IN THE ( should ) / would +I Kaudses kõnes tuleviku asemel, kui pealause on
Ing Present Simple Present Progressive/Continuous (lihtolevik) (kestev olevik) I vorm (play) am JAATAV he is I vorm+ing (playing) she I vorm+s (plays) are it do not I vorm (don't play) am
Ing Present Simple Present Progressive/Continuous (lihtolevik) (kestev olevik) I vorm (play) am JAATAV he is I vorm+ing (playing) she I vorm+s (plays) are it do not I vorm (don't play) am
Ing Present Simple Present Progressive/Continuous (lihtolevik) (kestev olevik) I vorm (play) am JAATAV he is I vorm+ing (playing) she I vorm+s (plays) are it do not I vorm (don't play) am
TEGUSÕNA PASSIIVI AJAD Present Present Simple Continuous Present Perfect AM + BEING + III HAVE/HAS + BEEN + OLEVIK AM/IS/ARE + III pv pv III pv nt. I am often invited to nt.She is being nt. They have been parties. manipulated. silenced by her sharp tongue. Passiivi
PRESENT SIMPLE [s] lihtolevik · kestvad tegevused. Tom works in the market. · rutiinid. He works every day. · loodusseadused. The sun sets in the west. · ajatabelid ja programmid. The buss leaves at 7 am. · (spordi) kommentaarid. Ben passes ball to Tom. väljendid, mida kasutatakse: usually, often, always, every day/week etc, in the morning/afternoon/evening, at night/the weekend, on Friday etc. He works He don't work Does he work PRESENT CONTINUOUS [ is + ing] kestev olevik · tegevused, mis praegu leiavad aset. Karl is doing his homework at the moment. · plaanitud tegevus lähitulevikus. I am going to school tomorrow. · kui midagi toimub/muutub praegu. The number of burglaries is increasing. · alati sama korduv tegevus. You are always eating, when i wake up. väljendid, mida kasutatakse: now, at the moment, at present, these days, nowdays, still, today, tonight etc. He is working He isn't working Is he working
TENSES (Table) Past Simple Present Simple Future Simple Tegusõna 2. pv Tegusõna 1. pv Tegusõna on esitatud kujul [NB! He/She/It _____(e)s] Küsimuse/eituse will + 1. pv moodustamiseks kasut. Küsimuse/eituse did + 1. pv moodustamiseks kasut. Eituste moodustamisel do / does + 1. pv will not = won't Tunnused lauses: Lihtminevik
Inglise keele ajavormid: 5. Õppeaasta Ajavorm Tähendus Vormid Abisõnad Present Continuous Kestev olevik am Look! Listen! Now! At (Present Progressive) BE is +ING the moment. At the are present. Present Simple Üldolevik He, she, it + S Always, usually (Indefinite) They, we, you, I (s) Sometimes, every ?does (he, she, it) (s) often Do (they, we, you, I) (s) Past Simple Lihtminevik II pv/ -ed Last, yesterday, ago
AJAVORMID JA NENDE MOODUSTAMINE AJAVORMI NIMETUS MOODUSTAMINE KASUTAMINE, SAGEDAMINI ESINEVAD AJAMÄÄRUSED THE PRESENT I pv; do/does + I Tegevus toimub korduvalt, on harjumuspärane SIMPLE live, goes twice a week, every day, usually, often, sometimes, always THE PAST (+) II pv; did + I Tegevus toimub minevikus SIMPLE lived, went yesterday, last week, two years ago, in 1996 THE FUTURE (shall)/will + I Tegevus toimub tulevikus, on üksteisele järgnev
MOODUSTAMINE ABITEGUSÕNAD AJAMÄÄRUSED AEGADE Et moodustada eitavat, küsilauset NIHE KAUDSES KÕNES AJAVORM Present Simple Tegusõna I põhivorm Always, often, usually, Lihtolevik (algvorm) do sometimes, seldom, does every .... , once a year, he / she / it +s twice a month ...... Past Simple Tegusõna II põhivorm did Yesterday, ..... ago,
PRESENT PRESENT PRESENT PRESENT PAST SIMPLE PAST PAST PERFECT PAST PERFECT SIMPLE CONTINIOUS PERFECT PERFECT CONTINUOUS SIMPLE CONTINUOUS SIMPLE CONTINUOUS Lihtolevik Kestev olevik Täisminevik Kestev Lihtminevik Kestev minevik Enneminevik Kestev täisminevik enneminevik I pv Am/is/are, I pv, Has/have, III Has/have, II pv, -ed Was/were, -ing Had, III pv Had, been, -ing -ing pv/-ed been, -ing
Inglise keele ajavormid Tense Affirmative Negative Interrogative Adverbs Present Simple I do not + I 1) Do you go to school? every day (week, month, (Lihtolevik: Ma käin he, she, it } I-s he, she, it } does not + I 2) When does he go to year) koolis.) ex: I go to school. school? always often She goes to school
She has lost her keys. 3. Something that began in the past and still continues now. He has been in hospital since Monday. Negative form: We haven't (have not) done our homework yet. He hasn't (has not) visited his granny since August. Question form: Have we met before? How much of that book has she read? Signal words: already, ever, just, yet, so far, till now, up to now, never, since, etc. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS (kestev täisminevik) Form: have/has + been + ing Use: 1. An activity that has recently or just stopped (the result is visible in the present). I am out of breath, because I have been running. 2. An activity that started in the past and is still happening. It has been raining for two hours. 3. Actions repeated over a period of time. She has been playing tennis since she was eight. 4. We are interested in the activity. It does not matter whether something has been finished or not I
Pikk ajalugu on lihvinud keelt ja tulemuseks on lihtne loogika ja käändelõppude puudumine! Mitmekesine ajalugu on aidanud kaasa eri päritolu sõnavarale ning ka hääldusmuredele. Väidetavalt on üle poole inglise keele sõnavarast mitte anglo- saksi päritolu, ehk siis laenatud – kontrolli hoolega, kas ‘sympathy’ ikka tähendab ‘sümpaatiat! kaastunne Aari Juhanson, MA 2009 Tenses – Tegusõna ajad • Olevik (Present) • Minevik (Past) • Tulevik (Future) • Kaudne tulevik (Future-in-the-Past) Aari Juhanson, MA 2009 Present Tenses • Lihtolevik (Present Simple / Present Indefinite) – regulaarne, korduv tegevus • Kestev olevik (Present Progressive / Present Continuous) – pooleliolev, ühes tükis tegevus • Täisminevik !!! (Present Perfect) – tehtud, *lõpetamata* tegevus
frequency(kordumine ) adverbs(määrsõna) N: Do you go to school by car every day ? I don't often watch TV. 2)Present continuousbe + verb + ing. Actions happening now N; Look! It's snowing. I'm meeting Jane tonight. You're always losing things. 3)keep + ingto describe habitual actions which may be irritating. N: my uncle keeps making silly jokes. Present perfect: 1) Present perfect simple: have/has + past participle. N: I've been here for ten minutes .The phone has rung ten times today. Look at this cheque,'I've won first prize. They have made a new star wars film. I've just got home. How long have you been here ? Have you ever been to Paris? It's the best book I've ever read. It's the first time I have ever been abroad. 2)Present perfect continious : have/has + been + ing. N:I've been living in this flat since 2000. I've been waiting for ages
Olevik: PS He/she/it + -s /Does I/you/we sama /Do PC am/is/are + -ing PP ... + Have/has + III PPC ... + Have/has been + -ing Minevik: PS -ed/III PC Was/were + -ing PP I/she/it/you/they + Had + -ed/III PPC - ... + had + been + -ing PPS - ... + have/has + III Olevik: Present Simple Lihtolevik: Tegijale harjumuspärane, tihti korduv tegevus, loodusseadused, sõiduplaanid, püsiv olukord. Eevery day/month/ year/once twice a week /often/ usually/ always/seldom/never. Tulevikku väljendades pärast: when, after, as soon as, until. Olekut väljendavate tegusõnadega: Like, love, hate, enjoy, prefer, adore; See, hear, smell, taste, feel, look, sound; Know, believe, understand, realise, remember, forget, notice, recognise, think,
Inglise keeles Eesti keeles + -/? Usage Näited 1. Present Simple Lihtolevik I ajavorm Do, don't, does, doesn't A permanent state, a generally Every day, always, often, (He, she, it + -s) known fact, usual or repeated usually, sometimes, rarely,
Püsiv ja korduv tegevus Tulevikus toimub tegevus, mis on seotud graafikute, sõiduplaanidega, tunniplanid Üleüldised tõed ja loodusseadused Kui midagi kommenteeritakse - tv Present continius am, is, are working be vormi abil tehakse now, at the moment, look, listen, hurry up just praegu toimub tegevus praegusel perioodil toimuv tegevus kõige kindlam tulevik ettekavatsetud tulevik Present perfect Have, has worked 3pv Eitavaid, küs have / has Ever, never, for, since, already, yet, today, this week / month / yrear Äsja lõppenud tegevus, millele visatakse pilk peale Tükk aega varem toimunud tegevus (eesti keeles nud) Elavate inimeste puhul kui tahame öelda, mida on oma elus teinud Present Prefect continius have has been working for, all, since, lately, recently tegevus algas minevikus, aga rõhutatakse, et parajasti nüüd kestab ta ikka edasi she has been working all morning Past simple Worked küs did Yesterday, last week, monady year, ago, in 1999
Tense Form Use Hints Example + I pv ((e)+s) Present Simple 1. daily routines, habits or repeated actions Every hour/day/week etc , I always play football in -? do/does not+I pv 2. permanent states usually, always, in the the evenings
Future Forms Future Forms · 1) Future Simple will work · 2) Be going to am/is/are going to work · 3) Present Continuous am/is/are working · 4) Present Simple start(s) Future Forms · 5) Future Continuous will be working · 6) Future Perfect will have worked · 7) Future Perfect Continuous will have been working Future Simple · We do our morning exercises and think, "I think we will have a nice day " · Prediction (ennustused kõhutunde põhjal) · verbs think, believe, guess, expect, hope etc · expressions be sure, be afraid etc · adverbs probably, perhaps, certainly Future Simple · You see your little brother carrying a very heavy suitcase and you think, "I will help him carry the suitcase." · on-the-spot decision (hetkeotsused)
TEGUSÕNA AKTIIVI AJAD Lihtolevik Kestev olevik Perfekti olevik Perfekti kestev O [ ma töötan (igal suvel) ] [ ma töötan (praegu) ] [ ma olen (siin) töötanud (alates [ (täna) olen ma (jub 1987. a.) ] töötanud ] O L I, you, we, they I am
Past Tenses • Lihtminevik (Past Simple / Past Indefinite) – ära toimunud, lõpetatud tegevus • Kestev minevik (Past Progressive / Past Continuous) – minevikus pooleli olnud tegevus • Enneminevik !!! (Past Perfect) – minevik enne minevikku OLI -NUD • Kestev enneminevik (Past Perfect Progressive) – enne minevikku äsja lõppenud või toimumas olnud tegevus Created by Aari Juhanson, MA 2009 Past Simple • Ära toimunud (regulaarne) tegevus: I WORKED yesterday. S/he didn’t WORK last Monday. • Lõpetatud tegevus: I already CALLED them today. (I’m not going to call again!) Which countries did you VISIT? (You’re back …) BUT: Which countries have you VISITED so far? (You’re not back yet or you travel regularly …) • Jutustused, mineviku sündmuste kirjeldus: Once upon a time there LIVED a Garfield who HAD many friends. The first one WAS Odie, … • 2pv;
ACTIVE TENSES Active form You use an active verb when you want to say that the subject of a sentence does something. · [Thing doing action] + [verb] + · +[thing receiving action] · Examples The professor (subject doing action) teaches (verb) · the students (object receiving action). · Mary (subject doing action) · washes (verb) · the dishes ( object receiving action). The tenses of the verb 1.Present (olevik) 2.Past (minevik) 3.Future (tulevik) 4.Future in the past (kaudne tulevik) Iga aeg võib esineda neljas eri rühmas 1.IndefiniteTenses (üldajad) 2.Continious Tenses (kestvad ajad) 3.Perfect Tenses (perfekti ajad) 4.Perfect Continious Tenses (perfekti kestvad ajad) Indefinite Tenses (üldajad) used to describe actions but do not state whether the action is completed or on- going märgivad tegevuse sooritamise fakti
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