Leidsid 33 sarnast õppematerjali, mis on seotud failiga "Why languages essee". Need materjalid aitavad sul teemat sügavamalt mõista.
language, languages, english, there, speak, important, wide, than, widely, spread, german, travel, communication, children, nowadays, seven, thousand, others, mandarin, easier, could, them, dominant, foreign, taught, russian, reason, good, easy, know, mother, tongue, keepTallinna Mustamäe Humanitargümnaasium Valeria Jefremenkova ENGLISH AS A GLOBAL LANGUAGE INGLISE KEEL KUI ÜLEMAAILMNE KEEL Research work Supervisor: Jevgenija Kozlova Tallinn 2016 1 Table of Contents СONTENT…………………………………………………………………………………...2 INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………...3
Me and languages. To begin with, language is a congrecation of thoughts and feelings through a system of signals, such as voice sounds, gestures, or written symbols. Communication or language is a process every child learns from birth and during our life we will usually learn many different languages. Due to the fact that both of my parents are Estonians , my mother tongue is Estonian, therefore I can speak and write in it very fluently. I also prefer read the books in Estonian. I know that some people like to do it in some other languages, in English for instance. I am really amused by the Estonian literature. I like to read books and stories from Andrus Kivirähk and F.R. Kreutzwald. English is one of the world most spoken language. You can hear it everywhere, no matter which part of the world are you in. In the third grade of elementary scool I started to
Me and languages Nowdays it is very common that one person can speak more than one language. There are people who have to learn different languages at school and people who do it , beacause they want to educate themselves. I think that every person should speak at least 3 languages. My mother tongue is Estonian. I can speak and write it very fluently. I like to read books in estonian and listen songs in Estonian. I know some people who prefer to do it in English. But for me it is more enjoyable to do it in my mother tounge. English is one of the most common languages in the world. Therefore it is very important to speak it. I started learning English in the third grade like most of the students. Before the lessons at school I had already learned the basic of English. My sister is older than me and I was really interested in studying with her. Also very helpful things were cartoons and hollywood films. In everyday life I use English very
My languages I love different languages. I mean, I really, really love different languages. I also believe and have been told that I pick them up rather easily. That might be true, although I did not pick any Greek up in Greece but that might have been because they spoke so damn fast that I could not tell if it was a word or an entire sentence. The first foreign language I learned was Russian. Considering I was ten when Estonia became a Republic, it makes sense. We began studying Russian in first grade, though it was simplified – "koška" instead of "kot", "medvešonok" instead of "medved", "saichik" etc. Did not make much sense and we mostly played some games in Russian (Tare-tareke etc). Learned as much playing outside, since we had Estonian-Russian kids around as well. Not that we played with them. It's sad
To Protect or not Protect Minor Languages Minor language is a language that is spoken in a minor area in a territory. For example Estonian is a minor language, because it has so little amount of speakers, just over a million comparing to German that has at least 100 million native speakers. Many minor languages have been mixed together or been developed from other languages. I think that the minor languages should be protected, because with languages come with a part of culture and if we terminate the variety of cultures that have developed throughout the evolution of mankind then the world would be boring. There would be no languages to learn, no foreign songs to sing and no joy of knowing that you can speak to a foreigner in his mother tongue. Also people are more friendly and open to you if they can speak freely in their mother language. But not protecting the minor languages can also be a good thing. As we know the world is
Why we learn the english language? It is necessary to learn foreign languages. That´s why the pupils have such subjects as a foreign language at school. Everybody knows his own language, but it is useful to know foreign languages. I learn English, because I understand that I can use it. For example, if I go to England I shall be able to speak English there. If I go to the USA, I shall speak English too, because English is used not only in England, but also in other parts of the world. I leran English because I want to read foreign literature in the original. I know and like such English as Ch.Dickens, M.Twain, L.Carroll and others. I understand that I must learn English. If I know English well, shall be able to go to the library and take books by English and American writers in the original. I like to travel. But it is difficult to visit countries, when you don´t know the language of these countries
23. Means of communication Introduction A few centuries ago people knew only a few kinds of communication. They could speak to each other, they could send their message from one place to another by smoke signals, they used mail. Later on, they also had some newspapers. The first expansion of media was when the radio and television were invented. The second and the biggest boom started in 1960s when the first communication satellite was launched into orbit. There are 4 main media: Newspapers, TV, Radio and the Internet. Today's people take this as an ordinary thing and we don't realise that we nearly can't live without it. Media are very important for us. They give us big amount of information, so big that we can't remember all that things. They help us to understand things and if you have lots of information you are able to make your own decisions. This is connected with education and media are very good teachers. They highly influence us
SOCIETY AND CULTURE OF ENGLISH-SPEAKING COUNTRIES Introduction 1. Nowadays, English is so widely spoken that it can hardly be considered "a one nation's" language. The main countries where English is spoken are: the U.K, the U.S, Canada, Australia, the Republic of Ireland, New Zealand, West Indies 2. There are approx. 300-400 million speakers of English in the world. English occupies the 3rd place by its number of speakers; it is right behind Mandarin and Spanish. 3. ESL (English as a Second Language) used in your own country (e.g. India) EFL (English as a Foreign Language) used in a foreign country ESP (English for Specific Purposes) used in business, airlines, hotels etc. 4. Settlement colonies people migrated into them from Britain and started their own
Roman politician, philosopher & translator. Theory ‘‘word-for-word’’ & ‘‘sense-for-sense’’. • Martin Luther – his role in the history of translation studies. Lived during the 15th century. He was a priest, theologian & translator. During that time, the Bible’s were only available in either Latin or Hebrew, which made it very difficult for common people to understand. He came out with a radical plan to translate the Bible into local languages (the first language was German – translated by Martin Luther). This inspired many other translators during that period. • What happened in the 19th and 20th century in translation studies? When and who created the term ‘translation studies’? Translation Studies – James S. Holmes - 1972 Ferdinand de Saussure – Lived during the 19th and 20th century. He was a Swiss linguist and a semiotician. He is widely considered one of the
...................... 2 Global Problems ........................................................................................................................................ 3 Health and fitness ..................................................................................................................................... 3 Jobs and employment ............................................................................................................................... 3 English speaking countries ........................................................................................................................ 3 Food And Drink ......................................................................................................................................... 4 Exam House and Home I live in the center of Tallinn. In villardy street, it is near Kristiine. I have a very nice flat there with four rooms
English structure revision for the exam 1. Terms Language → A systematic, conventional (tavakohane) use of sounds, signs or written symbols in a human society for communication and self-expression. Human language at all levels is rule- or principle- governed (valitsema) meaning that language corresponds to the grammar. Natural language is usually spoken, while language can also be encoded into symbols (such as letters, morse etc) For example: Estonian, English. Linguistics → The scientific study of human natural language. Broadly, there are three aspects to the study which are Pragmatics (studies the use of language → interested in the gap between the sentence’s meaning and the speaker’s meaning). Semantics (concerned with the meaning of the language aspects and the way they change, also how objects and language and thinking and language are related).
English is the only foreign language worth learning Every people should speak some foreign language. Knowing different languages is important, we can communicate with other people around the world. But is English the only foreign language worth learning? English is one of the most important languages in the world. It helps us to communicate with other people. If you know English then you have a better chance to get the work you want. You have a better chance to work and make a career. When you go to traveling, then English is the best language to speak. You can speak English almost everywhere you go. People should learn some other languages too. In some countries people don’t speak English, they have their own mother language, so they don’t speak other languages inluded English. For example if you live in Estonia you should know well Russian. I think that in
Essey How does the United States influence Estonia? The United States of America with it's global economic and political superpower is one of the most influential countries in the world and therefore it’s influence can also be felt in Estonia. Fluctuations in Estonia’s status as an independent country have had significant impact on the amount of influence from other countries, whether it is the language, eating habits or lifestyle. But how has United States influenced Estonia after we gained our independence? Estonia is not economically dependent on the United States as they are not one of our most important trading partners, but as the economics of the United States has a great influence on the world economy, they can still indirectly have an influence on Estonian economy. In Estonian politics the influence of the United States can be seen the most in relations with NATO
Society and culture of english-sspeaking countries Introduction 1. The countries of the world where the English language is spoken. 2. Approximate number of mother tongue speakers of English approximately 350-400 million native speakers. Which place does English occupy in the world by its number of speakers?After which language? English occupies second place by its number of speakers after Mandarin Chinese. 3. What is the difference between English as a Second Language, English as a Foreign Language and English for Specific Purposes? Give examples of situations where they are used. English as a Second Language (ESL or TESL) is a traditional term for the use or study of the English language by non-native speakers in an English-speaking environment. That environment may be a country in which English is the mother tongue (e.g., Australia, the U.S.) or one in which English has an established role (e.g., India, Nigeria)
Bilingualism The two most important languages on planet Earth these days are English the language of international commerce and of the media and Chinese, which is spoken by one of every six humans. The second tier of importance includes Spanish and Arabic and French for their wide use and Japanese, from Japan's economic influence. The third tier of importance covers Portuguese (for Brasil), German, and Russian. The remaining languages are essentially regional or minor. Success in business in the global economy requires fluency in one or more of the languages in Tier One or Tier Two, no matter where you live.Business operations reception, customer service, sales, websites, advertising that entail use of one or more languages provide access to major additional segments of the global economy. Likewise, the executive or office worker or retail clerk with multi-fluency has the edge over co-workers and competitors who do not
It may be a natural increase or a natural decrease. Birth rate the number of babies born per 1,000 persons per year 12 Death rate the number of people who die per 1,000 persons 9.9 Natural increase per 1,000 population 2.1. (USA 5.5, Brazil 12.9, Bangladesh 17,3) The size of population may change mechanically, too through immigration and emigration. 2. Distribution. What does a population distribution map show? How people are spread out across the country. What does population density tell us? How crowded places are. Densely populated means that places are crowded, have a high population density. Sparsely populated means that places have few people, have a low population density. The average population density in Britain is 247 inhabitants per square kilometre., which is well above the European Union average of about 114 per sq km. England has 383 people per sq km, Scotland has 65, Wales 142 and Northern Ireland 125. 3
They say it's unimaginable, boring, tasteless, it's chips with everything and totally overcooked vegetables. The basic ingredients, when fresh, are so full of flavour that British haven't had to invent sauces to disguise their natural taste. What can compare with fresh pees or new potatoes just boiled and served with butter? Why drown spring lamb in wine or cream and spices, when with just one or two herbs it is absolutely delicious? If you ask foreigners to name some typically English dishes, they will probably say "Fish and chips" then stop. It is disappointing, but true that, there is no tradition in England of eating in restaurants, because the food doesn't lend itself to such preparation. English cooking is found at home. So it is difficult to a good English restaurant with a reasonable prices. In most cities in Britain you'll find Indian, Chinese, French and Italian restaurants. In London you'll also find Indonesian, Mexican, Greek..
English in my life People in Estonia basically use two languages. The main language and also our mother tongue is Estonian. Also Russian is a commonly spoken language because almost one-third of the population in Estonia is formed by Russians. Besides those two languages many Estonians are quite good at English. We are visited by many tourists from Finland, Sweden, Latvia and many other countries. Tourists from the Scandinavian countries and from other places of Europe don't speak in Estonian. So it is quite important for us to speak itEnglish an international language. It also goes the other way around when we go traveling somewhere in Europe or even further - then we mainly use English to communicate with people. Over the last 10 years the use of English has grown a lot in Estonia
Might the Welsh language face a bright future? Welsh belongs to a branch of Celtic, an Indo-European language. The language is being used about half a million people in Wales and possibly another few hundred thousand people within England and even Australia and United States of America. The normal language of every day life is still English but in some regions such as Gwynedd and Dyfed, the use of Welsh is very wide and well spread. The tendency nowadays is towards the development and introduction of Welsh. This could not have been said at the first part of the 20th century. Welsh have been under the reign or a part of Great Britain for a long time. During the 16 th century, particularly at the time of Henry the VIII, they tried to force the Welsh language out by an Act which declared that the language to be used in courts and administrative offices would have to be English
LEL 2E Notes on Vocabulary One of the key facts about the lexicon of any language is that it reflects in various ways the physical and cultural environment in which the language is spoken. A people unfamiliar with, say, horses is unlikely to have a word for `horse'; similarly with ploughs, printing presses, and internet porn sites. For the most part this is trivial it's hard to imagine how it could be otherwise, given the general nature of human language. People tend to make a great deal of the alleged fact (see Pullum 1989) that "the Eskimos have lots of words for snow", but it doesn't take much thought to realise that any language spoken in a given physical and cultural environment is likely to have efficient ways of referring to distinctions that are important in that environment. That doesn't mean that you can read very much into individual words and individual facts about the lexicon of a given language (this topic has
http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rmps20 When `we' are `the other'. Travel books on Romania as exercises in intercultural communication a Rodica Dimitriu a Department of English , Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iaþi , Romania Published online: 06 Aug 2012. To cite this article: Rodica Dimitriu (2012) When `we' are `the other'. Travel books on Romania as exercises in intercultural communication, Perspectives: Studies in Translatology, 20:3, 313-327, DOI: 10.1080/0907676X.2012.702400 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.2012.702400 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE
Private School of Audentes Links between English speaking countries and Estonia Author: Kristin Liiv Supervisor: Mari Martma Tallinn 2006 2 Table of contents Introduction..........................................................................................................................4 First links............................................................................................................................. 5
1. What are the capitals of the 4 constituent countries? England- London; Northen Ireland- Belfast; Scotland- Edinburgh; Wales- Cardiff 2. Order the invaders in correct chronological order: Anglo-Saxons, Normans, Romans, Celts. Romans Anglusaxons , Norman 3. How did the Celts influence Britain? Language. Wars. Engand and Scotland eventually became 1 contry 4. How many people approximately speak English? Approximately 600 million 5. Who (which tribes) gave the base of the English language?Germanic tribes- Anglo-Saxons. 6. Describe Wales.- Wales is a mountainous country on the western side of Great Britain. The national game of Wales is Rugby. Flag- Red dragon on a green and white field. They have their own language Cymraeg ( Welsh) . Anthem- Land Of My Fathers. Official animal- Dragon. There used to be a lot of coalmines. 7
Suppletion Present in languages of different families. Present in Old, Middle and Modern English, though the general tendency is towards more regularity/iconicity so the number of suppletive forms has decreased.In the text: goon to go wenden - to turn Gan was suppletive in Old English, past form: eode.Eode was supplanted by went (past form of wenden) at the end of the Middle English period.To wend has survived in Modern English in phrases such as to wend one's way, we wended homewards (ironic usage). Thus: suppletivity- suppletion different parts of one and the same paradigm come from what were originally different paradigms (different words with close meanings or words in different but close dialects).Suppletion embraces verbs, adjectives, nouns. Be was/were been (Old English beon/wesan) (am, art, is, are); in Old English some suppletive
ELT Methodology (FLGR.01.041) 27.12.2012 Home Assignments. I Youtube clips: · A vision of K-12 students I personally think that Estonian learners are also digital learners. They spend more time at the computers or laptops or iPads etc. than read books or move outside. And another thing is that teachers are less capable in using technological appliances. But the latter mentioned fact is an advantage for us teachers as well. It gives us an opportunity to provide our students to experience success. They can help and assist us if we need some technological help. Another thing is that in schools, in classes generally students are not allowed to
Country Studies The United Kingdom Test revision questions Form 11 1. What are the capitals of the 4 constituent countries? England London; Wales Cardiff; N-Ireland Belfast; Scotland - Edinburgh 2. Order the invaders in correct chronological order: Anglo-Saxons, Normans, Romans, Celts, Vikings. Celts > Romans > Anglo-Saxons > Vikings > Normans 3. How did the Celts influence Britain? The Celts were in Britain long before the English language existed. Celtic influence on English is minimal. There are more Amerindian words in English than Celtic ones. 4. How many people approximately speak English? 300million as mother tongue, 470million as 2nd language. 5. Who (which tribes) gave the base of the English language? Anglo-Saxons 6. Describe Wales. Part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain, population: 3,064,000, Wales has a distinctive culture including its own language,
Why learn foreign languages Everyone knows that nowadays English is the most common language in the world. For that reason, it is extremely important for young people to improve their skills and to learn as much as they can of, this important language. To begin with, speaking foreign languages allows you to travel wherever you want without any problems. If you are visiting a place far away, it would probably be useful for you to know a little bit of English or some other languages. For example, if you get lost in a strange country you could ask somebody for information without any problems. Furthermore, having a good knowledge of different languages could help you to find jobs. These days, it is always more common to find businesses which are looking for a good English or some other languages speaker. In addition, it could be important for you to learn language if you are interested in studying abroad
either from Britain or France. It was especially a poignant time for Africa, as then British Prime Minister Harold McMillan articulated his now famous “winds of change” sweeping Africa. We had high hopes for Africa, for the Black race, that the insidious imposition of foreign rule on us, the looting of Africa’s natural resources by our colonial masters accorded us would be things of history. That is more than forty years ago. Unfortunately, the promise of independence has not been fulfilled. Today, Africa has become more desolate; there is more starvation, diseases and non-provision of essential services than when we got our independence. There are all kinds of wars in Africa than the rest of world put together. The majority of so-called Africans leaders want to stay in power until the day their bodies are put in the grave
4. If you ask me, _______ 4.0 GIVING YOUR OPINION ABOUT A TOPIC 4.1 Expressing a strong opinion In my opinion, fashion is a complete waste of time, money and resources. In my opinion, there's only one choice - English! In my view, government money shouldn't be used to support the Arts. In my reckoning, if we could lock up juvenile criminals, they'd learn that they couldn't get away with it. I strongly believe in preventing problems before they happen. In much the same way as the Japanese prepare for earthquakes, countries with dry climates could have water catchment systems and reservoirs to defend against water shortage.
Indians in everyday conversation. They are still legally categorized by the Canadian Government under the Indian Act as Status Indians. Those who have lost their legal status are called Non-Status Indians. Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau tried to get rid of the Indian Act, but First Nations political groups insisted on keeping it, because it defines their special status. The Inuit are the people who originally lived in the Arctic. Their language is Inuktitut, but it has several dialects the differ considerably from place to place. The Métis, are the group of people who resulted from the mixing of European and Native men and women. The Métis developed a unique culture that included elements of both European and Native ways and artifacts (clothes, tools, means of travel, etc.). They pride themselves on their distinctiveness from both the cultures from which they are descended. 3
English is the only foreign language worth learning Many people think that English is the only language what is worth learning. I strongly disagree. First of all, there is so many countries , which have their own language. I do not see a problem talking in multiple languages. It only helps us develop and communicate with so many other language speaking people. Intercourse is what connects us, but to communicate with others we need to understand one another. What is more, we do not need to be so similar. Speaking some other language makes us more intriguing. Foreign languages are like crayons, all in different colours. Imagine if all the crayons would be in the same colour. If we paint a picture, we need a variety of colours to make the picture interesting
it may be very difficult for her to return to full-time work. 9.2 Clarification through "What" or "How" Questions inviting illustration or example. What's wrong with creating a few more jobs in the tourist industry? Think of all the money that's spent in the souvenir shops of these galleries and museums. What's wrong with mixed ability teaching? The reality is that people learn subjects such as languages and mathematics at different speeds. What do you mean? I mean that people's situations can be very different. Let's take the very extreme situation of a young woman who marries an old man as an example. What do you mean by unnecessary? Let me explain. Every morning, people go up and down motorways or cross from one side of town to the other in their cars, when they could quite easily take trains or buses.
Fill the gaps with the correct tenses. 1. I (learn)................................ English for seven years now. 2. But last year I (not / work) ........................................ hard enough for English, that's why my marks (not / be) ............................. really that good then. 3. As I (pass / want) ............................... my English exam successfully next year, I (study) ............................... harder this term. 4. During my last summer holidays, my parents (send) ..................................... me on a language course to London. 5. It (be) ............................ great and I (think) .................................. I (learn) ................................... a lot. 6. Before I (go) .................................. to London, I (not / enjoy) ............................
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