Mikk Hödemann 12.d klass English Parliament What can I say about the English history at all? I think that this is the most interesting history I had to study. During this subject (British civilization), I discovered some exciting facts, occasions which took place in the British history. One of these "discoveries" was the English Parliament. I was amazed how fast it grew within the centuries, from eleventh to seventeenth centuries. The political history of British Isles over the past 800 years has been largely one of reducing the power of the monarchy and transferring authority to a London-based Parliament as the sovereign legislative body for all of Britain. This development has resulted in political, social and religious conflicts, as well as evolving governmental and constitutional institutions. The early political history of the British Isles is the story of four independent cou...
Describe the British Parliament Works in a large building called the Palace of Westminster aka The Houses of Parliament. There are offices, committee rooms, restaurants, bars, libraries and even some places of residence. Two large rooms: The House of Lords meet in one and the House of Commons in the other. The British Parliament is divided into two houses, but the House of Commons is obviously more important and only they are considered to be the MPs. In the House of Commons there are just two rows of benches facing each other. On the left sit the members of the governing party and on the right sit the opposition. The Speaker sits between them and controls the action. The arrangement of the benches encourages confrontation between the government and the opposition. There is no place for somebody who isn't neither in the opposition nor in the government side. Usually peeps like this sit in the opposition furthest from the Speaker. || The...
1. Ancient Britain: the Celtic tribes. 2000 years ago there was an Iron Age Celtic culture throughout the Br Isles. It seems that the Celts, who had been arriving from Europe from the 8th cent BC onward, intermingled with the peoples who were already there. The Celts were extremely talented people, creative and artistic. More than 1 Celtic tribe invaded Br. The descendants of ancient Celts live in Wales, Scotland, Cornwall and Ireland. They lived in primitive society. Druids priests, more powerful than chiefs. Acted like prophets. 2. Stonehenge From prehistoric period. Was built on Salisbury plain between 2500 and 1500 bc. One of the most famous and mysterious archaeological sites in the world. One of the mysteries is how it was built at all with the technology of the time. Another is its purpose. It appears to function as a kind on astronomical clock and we know it was used by the Druids for ceremonies marking the passing ...
1. What are the capitals of the 4 constituent countries? England- London; Northen Ireland- Belfast; Scotland- Edinburgh; Wales- Cardiff 2. Order the invaders in correct chronological order: Anglo-Saxons, Normans, Romans, Celts. Romans Anglusaxons , Norman 3. How did the Celts influence Britain? Language. Wars. Engand and Scotland eventually became 1 contry 4. How many people approximately speak English? Approximately 600 million 5. Who (which tribes) gave the base of the English language?Germanic tribes- Anglo-Saxons. 6. Describe Wales.- Wales is a mountainous country on the western side of Great Britain. The national game of Wales is Rugby. Flag- Red dragon on a green and white field. They have their own language Cymraeg ( Welsh) . Anthem- Land Of My Fathers. Official animal- Dragon. There used to be a lot of coalmines. 7. What are the symbols of the 4 constit...
HISTORY TEST 5 invasions to Britain until 1066 1) The Celts o Gaels in 600BC; Cymry(Britons) in 300BC o From present-day Austria, Switzerland o The Celtic language survives in the names of many places in England- Dover, Kent, Thames o The Celts are best known for their art- many bronze objects with elaborate designs; brooches; pins; mirrors; Celtic stone crosses o The Celts had 3 social orders: warriors, druids(priests) ordinary people 2) The Romans o (55 BC-Caesar) 43 AD- 410 AD- Claudius o From present-day Italy o Southern Britain became Britannia and was ruled by a roman governor o The Romans built over 20 towns: Colchester, Londinium, Winchester etc. They were good engineers and built roads and villas that had central heating, glass windows and mosaic floors ...
Irish History Tallinn 2009 Ireland is the third-largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world. It lies to the north-west of continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and islets. To the east of Ireland, separated by the Irish Sea, is the island of Great Britain. Politically, the state Ireland (described as the Republic of Ireland) covers five-sixths of the island, with Northern Ireland, part of the United Kingdom, covering the remainder in the north-east. The first settlements in Ireland date from 8000 BC. By 200 BC Celtic migration and influence had come to dominate the island. Relatively small scale settlement by both the Vikings and Normans in the Middle Ages gave way to complete English domination by the 1600s. Protestant English rule resulted in the marginalisation of the Catholic majority, although in the north-east, Protestants were in the majority. A famine in the mid-1800s...
BRITISH HISTORY 17TH-19TH CENTURY SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY ☄ When James I became the first English king of the Stuart dynasty, he was already king of Scotland, so the crowns of these two countries were united. ☄ The kind of Middle English spoken in lowland Scotland had developed into a written language known as Scots ☄ The Scottish Protestant church adopted English rather than Scots bibles ☄ Religion and politics are inextricably linked ☄ Some people tried to kill the king because he wasn't Catholic enough and another king had been killed, partly because he seemed too Catholic ☄ Anger grew in the country at the way that the Stuart monarchs raised money ☄ Puritanism- ideological Protestantism ☄ Some of them thought the luxurious lifestyle of the king and his followers was immoral. They were also fiercely anti-Catholic and suspicious of the apparent sympathy t...
The early middle ages The Norman Conquest Since William was crowned king, there were many rebellions against the Normans. A small Norman army marched from village to village and destroyed the ones it couldn't control. The Normans took away the Saxon lords' land. Only a few Saxons who supported William could keep their land. Feudalism William gave parts of his conquered land to his captains around the country to avoid rebellions and uprisings. He also kept some land to himself to make sure his was much stronger than his nobles. Of all the farmland half went to his nobles, quarter to church and fifth he kept to himself. William organised the English kingdom according to feudal system. The main purpose of using that system was economic. King gave the land to "vassals" in return of army services and goods. When a noble dies, his son took over the estate. When there was no family, the land went back to king who could give it to another n...
Topic Canada Canada is the second largest country in the world, only Russia has a greater land area. It covers nearly 4 million square kilometers. Canada is a country that is occupying most of northern America and it shares land borders with the United States to the south and northwest. Canada has the longest coast line and has about one fourth of all the fresh water available in the world. Canada has six time zones and it consists of ten provinces and three territories. Canada's birthday is on the first of July and its motto is: "From sea to sea". The first inhabitants were the ancestors of the Aborigines. Today Canada is the home of over a million Aboriginal people. They came to Canada about 25 000 years ago. First Europeans came to Canada about 1000 years ago. The first Europeans in Canada were the Vikings. The population of Canada is about...
Stonehenge One of the best known ancient wonders of the world, 5000 years old Megalith monument, built by western mediterraneans during 3000-1600 BC Circular structure, large standing stones, aligned with rising sun at teh solstice Attlers and bones were sued to dig pits that hold the stones The Celts in Britain and their legacy 700-200 BC celts invade Britain Gaels or Goehls(Ireland and Scotland),Cymri(Wales) and Brythons(gave name to Brittany) Fierce fighters,superb horsemen.Most of them farmers, lived in thatched houses Good at art, craftmanship, used iron Divided into tribes, ruled by kings, only in face of danger would they choose a single leader Legacy- hill-forts, farms, churches, field system, woodland, pasture, weapons, iron objects, langugae, culture Caesar in Britain The great Roman Emperor Firts came 55 BC to gather information, celts ...
Years 1154-1485 Henry I was the first unquestioned ruler. One of the most important kings in the Middle Ages. He had lands in Britain & France. Then the government was the monarch, a person, not a place. He had more land than any pervious king. After his marriage to Eleanor of Aquitaine, he also ruled the lands south of Anjou. His empire stretched from the Scottish border to the Pyrenees. England provided most of its wealth, but the heart was Anjou. Henry II began to regain royal control. During the war some barons had become very powerful. He pulled down some of their castles. He tried to restore law & order. He wanted the same kind of justice to be used everywhere. He appointed his own judges to travel around the country. They dealt with crimes & disagreements over poverty. Serious offences were tried in the king's court. At first they had no special knowledge or training. They were trusted to use common se...
Britain History Pre-Norman Britain The Iberians brought their metal-working skills and the first real civilization to Britain in the third millennium B.C and were overrun by various Celtic invasions that began in the 8th century. The Celts introduced their tribal organization and an early form of agriculture before they were forced westward by the Roman invasion. Forms of Celtic language are still spoken in Britain. Romans (with Julius Caesar in the head of them) first tried to occupy Britain in 55 B.C., but there was a rebellion in Gaul so they had to leave to fight against it. Next time they came in 43 A.D. and their leader was Emperor Claudius. Romans brought a lot with them. Their brought paved roads, the sites of important cities, the seeds of Christianity, the Roman law, Roman baths, language and advanced civilization. They also built Hadrian's Wall in 122 A.D. Romans occupied...
N. A. Vavilov ASPECTS OF BRITISH HISTORY Н. А. Вавилов КРАТКАЯ ИСТОРИЯ ВЕЛИКОБРИТАНИИ Учебное пособие на английском языке Москва Институт международного права и экономики имени А. С. Грибоедова 2008 2 УТВЕРЖДЕНО кафедрой лингвистики и переводоведения Вавилов Н.А. Краткая история Великобритании: Учебное пособие на английском языке. – 2-е изд., пересмотр. и испр. – М.: ИМПЭ им. А.С. Грибоедова, 2008. – 88 с. Пособие содержит краткий очерк важнейших событий в истории Великобритании – от первых документально засвидетельствованных вторжений на остров (кельтов, римлян и англосаксов) до создания и распада Британск...
Houses of Parliament Harrod's Nelson's column tower bridge NIMI .... Houses of Parliament The Houses of Parliament, otherwise known as The Palace of Westminster, stands on the site where Edward the Confessor had the original palace built in the first half of the 11th century. In 1547 the royal residence was moved to Whitehall Palace, but the Lords continued to meet at Westminster, while the commons met in St. Stephen's Chapel. Ever since these early times, the Palace of Westminster has been home to the English Parliament. Harrod's One of the world's most famous department stores, established in 1849 as a humble grocery store employing two assistants. Today, it offers everything from food to fashion, furniture to sportswear plus 20 instore restaurants serving every kind of cuisine imaginable from pizza to sushi. Services range from piano tuning to fitting saddles. Mustsee sights include the Food Halls, the Egyptian Hall ...
The United Kingdom Mari-Liis Ojatamm Kärdla Ühisgümnaasium 10b The United Kingdom Scotland Wales England Northern Ireland Scotland Capital: Edinburgh Area 78,387 km2 Languages: English and Scottish Gaelic Population: 5,313,60 National symbols Thistle Tartam Flag Wales Capital: Cardiff Languages: English and Welsh Area: 20,779 km2 Population: 3,063,456 Flag Northern Ireland Capital: Belfast Languages: Irish and English Area: 13,843 km2 Population: 1,810,863 England Capital: London Language: English Area: 130,395 km2 Population: 53,012,456 Flag Stonehenge ...
1. What were the two institutions that Henry VII establised? Explain. Henry VII established the Court of Star Chamber to make the barons give up their private armies and overall restored finances by collecting taxes. Also Henry VII extended royal control over local government through the local magistrates called justice of peace. 2. What was the idea of the Act of supremacy? With passing the Act of Supremacy, Henry VIII was made the head of the Church of England and he was now free to divorce Catherine and marry Anne Boleyn. 3. Why did Henry VIII get the title Fidei Defensor? The title was given to him by the pope because Henry VIII was against Protestantism and other religious reforms by J. Calvin and M. Luther. For that, the pope named Henry VIII the Fidei Defensor, meaning Defender of the Faith 4. Why did Mary I get the nickname Bloody Mary? Because during her reign, England became official...
Anglo-norman period (1066-1300) The normans · The name derives from "the Northmen" · Descendants of the Vikings · Seized the north-western part of France · The area known as Normandy · Adopted French customs and Christianity · Norman-French (their version of French). 1066 · Edward the Confessor dies in January · Harold Godwinson crowned as king in Westminster Abbey on the same day · Another candidate for the throne William, Duke of Normandy · Gathered an army · Invasion delayed (bad weather) · Harald, king of Norway, invades England from the North · A battle at Stamford Bridge · Harald's army defeated, leaders killed · The end of the Viking Age · The Normans land in Britain (a few days after Stamford Bridge) · The Battle of Hastings · Harold defeated ...
LONDON HISTORY PERIOD EVENTS PEOPLE The Celtic period (400 BC Name: Celtic words (Llyn (a lake) + AD 43) Dun (a fort or strong place) ) Not important The Roman occupation (AD 43 Londinium not important Boadicea a revolt against - AD 410) politically. An important trading the Roman conquest centre. Devastation AD 61. Rebuilt. Roman walls built in AD 200. Anglo Saxons (AD 400 Destroyed the Roman towns. Many 1066) kingdoms. London in ruins. King Egbert one Flourishing. Attacks by Vikings. kingdom England (the 9th ...
It celebrated on February 14th. It is traditionally day on which lovers express their love for each other by presenting flowers, offering confectionery, and sending greeting cards. Modern Valentine's Day symbols include the heart-shaped outline, doves, and the figure of the winged Cupid. Saint Patrick's Day is a religous holiday on the 17th of March St. Patrick's Day is celebrated by the Irish and Irish at Heart in big cities and small towns alike with parades, "wearing of the green," music and songs, Irish food and drink, and activities for kids such as crafts, coloring and games. Its a time for fun. April Fools' Day is celebrated in the Westrn world on 1st april of every year The day is marked by the commission of good humoured or funny jokes hoaxes and other practical jokes. Trooping the Colour is a ceremony performed by regiments of the Commonwealth and the British Army. It has been a tr...
The Middle Ages The Middle Ages are one of the most turbulent periods in English history. The Middle Ages are so called as the middle period between the decline of the Roman Empire and the Renaissance. The Middle Ages started in 1066. with the Battle of Hastings and the Norman Conquest. William the Conqueror took all the lands from the Saxon English and gave these to French nobles. Normans were known as great builders. This is assured by the fact that many great castles and other buildings, including the Tower of London, were built during the Norman Conquest. In 1086. Domesday Book was compiled. It is a detailed survey of England ordered by William the Conqueror. The reign of King William Rufus who was the son of William started in 1087 and lasted until 1100. Next king was Henry I who was the brother of William Rufus. His reign was from 1100-1135. In 1135 Henry I nephew Stephen got to the throne of Engla...
1. The Queen’s official title. Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith. 2. The Queen’s working day. Starts after breakfast. Reads the newspapers which are prepared by the Press Secretary, and a report on the previous day’s proceedings in the Parliament and the letters she receives. Also phone calls. Once a month she attends the Privy Council in order to give Royal Assent to various items of government legislation. Discusses domestic matters with the Master of the Household. Towards the end of the day, there is always another pile of official papers and reports waiting to be read or acted upon. The business on constitutional monarchy never ends. 3. Who is the present heir to the throne? Speak about his education. Wh...
History exam *Stonehenge - is a monument located in England. It is one of the most famous prehistoric sites in the world and is composed of earthworks surrounding a circular setting of large standing stones. The surrounding circular, earth bank and ditch, have been dated to about 3100 BC. Stonehenge was produced by a culture with no written language. Many aspects of Stonehenge remain subject to debate. There is little or no direct evidence for the construction techniques used by the Stonehenge builders. *The Celts in Britain and their legacy The Cets lived in Britain in The Iron Age. They were warring tribes who were battleful amongst themselves as well as inter-tribal war. They were not centrally governed. The Celts brought iron working, iron ploughs and metal swords, horses, wheels and chariots - all these things gave them an instant superiority over the native tribes. The Celts built a number ...
The United Kingdom The United Kingdom consists of England, Scotland, Wales and North Ireland and it is situated in the Atlantic Ocean near the mainland of Europe. The population of the UK is 58.6 million and area is 244,110 sq km. Britain has a temperate humid climate. Its characteristic features are mild winters, warm summer, no temperature extremes, abundant rain all year round and frequent changes of weather. The mild climate is partly due to the warm Gulf Stream and partly to the south westerly winds. Occasional winds from the east in winter may bring cold and dry weather. The distribution of rainfall is influenced by the Atlantic Stream. The mountainous areas of the north and west have more rain than the lowlands of the south and east. Wales is located on a peninsula in central-west Britain. The entire area of Wales is about 20,779 km². Wales borders by England to the e...
16th century (Tudors) 1. Henry VII - avoided wars, careful with money, didnt have expensive parties, was a rather shadowy figure 2. Henry VIII- brilliant scholar, excellent knight, good-looking, ambitious, self- centered, loved expensive clothes and parties. Wasted his fathers money very quickly and had 6 wives. His first wife couldnt give birth to a baby boy and they only had a daughter. His next wife only gave birth to a girl too. His next wife gave birth to a boy but died after the labor. He didnt like his 4th wife so he sent her back. His fifth wife was young and beautiful but had many lovers and Henry didnt like it so she was sent to the Tower and was beheaded. HIs 6th wife survived. 3. Edward- was sickly and ruled only for a few years and then he died 4. Mary Tudor/Bloody Mary- was catholic and killed many protesntants. Ruled only f...
ENGLISH LITERATURE Ancient Britain Lived on the British Isles in the 1st millenium. They most probably came from Eastern Europe and belonged to the Celtic race and also spoke Celtic. They were primitive hunters- gatherers, farmers. Some Celtic words are still used in modern English, however they are used mostly in place names. For example: · avon river · cumb valley · ford shallow place in the river Ancient Britons had their own religion and priests or druids and temples. In the year 55 BC Britain became a Roman province. Romans were highly developed and had their own language latin, which has also greatly influenced English. The military occupation of the Isles ended in 410 AD. The Romans eventually brought Christianity to Britain. Hadrian's wall on the border of Scotland and England. It began constru...
THE ANGLO-SAXON PERIOD English literature came when the Angles, the Saxons, the Jutes and the Frisians invaded Britain. During this time English was called Anglo- Saxon or Old English. In the chronicles of Roman history (composed in Latin) is said that Britain makes its first appearance in written language when Romans invade the England. BEOWULF most important poem, surviving in a 10th-cent manuscript. The historical period of the poem's events can be dated in the 6th to 8th century. Much of the material of the poem is legendary and paralleled in other Germanic historical-mythological literature in Norse, Old English, and German. GEOFFREY CHAUCER (1340-1400) Politician and writer, fought in France during the 100 years war. He visited Genoa and Florence where he became acquainted with Italian literature and in particular with the works of Dante, Petrarch and Boccaccio. The French period (up to 1370). early works were ba...
REVISION QUESTIONS 1. What do you know about Margaret Thatcher? Winston Churchill? Margaret Thatcher was the first female Prime Minister in Europe. She was a member of the conservative party. She died recently. Winston Churchill was the Prime Minister during WW II. He was excellent in making speeches, but he was a heavy drinker and also smoker. 2. What are the main countries of the UK and their capitals? There are 4: England with London as the capital; Wales with Cardiff as the capital; Scotland with Edinburgh as the capital; and Northern Ireland with Belfast as the capital. 3. What is Remembrance Day all about and why is it celebrated at that time? It is about the men (and women) who lost their lives fighting in the World Wars. It's celebrated then, because that's the day WWI was ended with a treaty. 4. Which powers does the Queen of the UK have? The Queen has to sign all the bills for them to pass. She is the o...
Quotations on topics Education Education is not preparation for life; education is life itself. John Dewey Personal relations – family and friends “I've learned that regardless of your relationship with your parents, you'll miss them when they're gone from your life.” ― Maya Angelou Hobbies I don't have time for hobbies. At the end of the day, I treat my job as a hobby. It's something I love doing. David Beckham Sports As a kid I was fascinated with sports, and I loved sports more than anything else. The first books I read were about sports, like books about Baseball Joe, as one baseball hero was called. Robert Jay Lifton Career – jobs and future plans Work hard. And have patience. Because no matter who you are, you're going to get hurt in your career and you have to be patient to get through the injuries. Randy Johnson Law and crime Laws and mechanisms originally meant to enforce copyr...
King Charles l Jaanika, Annabel Life • In 1604 to England • 1625 spoused • Reigned from 1625-1641 • 1628 he prorouged English Parliament • 1630 child Charles • 1649 executed Family • Father- James VI of Scotland and I of England • Mother- Anne of Denmark • Got married in 1589 • Brother Henry Important things during his lifetime •Born in Scotland •Brothers death •Coronation •Wife •War with Scots •Death
Britain forms the greater part of the British Isles, which lie off the north-west coast of mainland Europe.The geographical name for all the islands is the British Isles. They also include Eire, the Republic of Ireland, which has been politically independent of the British government since 1921. The largest of the islands is called Great Britain and it comprises England, Wales, snd Scotland. The full political name for the countries sharing a parliament in London is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Covering an area of some 242, 500 sq km. The longest river, the Severn flows for 354 km and the largest lake is Lough Neagh in Northern Ireland. Scotland is the most mountainous part of the country.Britain is a relatively densely populated country.The capital, London, has population of around 8 million. The majority of the population speak English. Britain is a parliamentary democracy, in which people over 18 have a r...
Kerli Uue 10.r The Republic of Estonia Estonia is a democratic parliamentary republic divided into 15 counties. The capital and largest city is Tallinn. Estonia's neighbours are Latvia, Russia and Finland. The parliment is named ,,The Riigikogu." The Estonian parliament has 101 members and influences the governing of the state primarily by determining the income and the expenses of the state. The Riigikogu elects and appoints several high officials of the state, including the President of the Republic. The Parliament of Estonia is elected by people for a four year term by proportional representation. The Government of Estonia is formed by the Prime Minister of Estonia, nominated by the president and approved by the parliament. The government exercises executive power pursuant to the Constitution of Estonia and the laws ...
Trindidad and Tobago 14Meh Kaur Ülejõe Official name of the country • Official name of the country is Republic of Trinidad and Tobago Motto • "Together we aspire, Together we achieve" National anthem • "Forged from the Love of Liberty" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7au6DJfG7zY Independence day • 1 August 1976 Polity/ Government/Head of state • Trinidad and Tobago is a republic with a two-party system and a bicameral parliamentary system based on the Westminster System. The head of state of Trinidad and Tobago is the President, currently Anthony Carmona. The head of government is the Prime Minister, currently Keith Rowley. The President is elected by an Electoral college consisting of the full membership of both houses of Parliament. Capital city • Port of Spain Largest city • Chaguanas Official language • Official language is English Top10 non-English languages spoken • Trinidadian Creole 1m...
London March 28th Parliament of the United Kingdom The Parliament of the United Kingdom, commonly known as the UK Parliament or British Parliament, is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom, British Crown dependencies and British overseas territories. It alone possesses legislative supremacy and thereby ultimate power over all other political bodies in the UK and its territories. Its head is the Sovereign of the United Kingdom (currently Queen Elizabeth II) and its seat is the Palace of Westminster in the City of Westminster, one of the Boroughs of the British capital - London. Tower of London The Tower of London, officially Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress of the Tower of London, is a historic castle located on the north bank of the River Thames in central London. It lies within the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, separated from the eastern edge of the square mile of the City of L...
Report of SCOTLAND Maiki Joakit 10. klass 2008 Etymology Scotland is from the Latin Scoti, the term applied to Gaels. The Late Latin word Scotia (land of the Gaels) was initially used to refer to Ireland. By the 11th century at the latest, Scotia was being used to refer to (Gaelic-speaking) Scotland north of the river Forth, alongside Albania or Albany, both derived from the Gaelic Alba. The use of the words Scots and Scotland to encompass all of what is now Scotland became common in the Late Middle Ages. History Repeated glaciations, which covered the entire land-mass of modern Scotland, have destroyed any traces of human habitation that may have existed before the Mesolithic period. It is believed that the first post-glacial groups of hunter-gatherers arrived in Scotland around 12,800 years ago, as the ice sheet retreated after the last glaciation. Groups of settlers began building the first known permanen...
The United Kingdom and London United Kingdom is a political name of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. These political names include the countries of England, Scotland and Wales. Every country has its own capital and language. The capital of England is London, the people there are english and the language spoken is English. In scotland live the scots, capital is Edingburg and the languages spoken are English and Scottish. The capital of Wales is Cardiff, the people tehre are welsh and the languages spoken are welsh and English. N. Ireland is the home for the Irish, the capital is Belfast and the language is Irish. The first inhabitants were Iberians and Celts who settled on the land and were often at war with each other. In AD 43 Britain was made a Roman province. The romans stayed there for three hundred years. After the romans left came the Angles, Saxons and Jutes...
Canada Introduction · occupies most of northern North America · extendes from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean. · Second largest country by total area · Capital: Ottawa (area: 2,778.64 km²) · Largest city: Toronto · Official languages: 1. English 2. French Government · Parliamentary democracy and Constitutional monarchy · Monarch: HM Queen Elizabeth II (UK) · Prime Minister : Stephen Harper Main Sights Parliament H ill, Ottawa. The Peacekeeping M onument in Ottawa. Butchart Gardens CN Tower Sports in Canada ·Ice hockey ·Lacrosse ·Baseball ·Others Used Links · http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada · http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport_in_Cana da ...
SOCIETY AND CULTURE OF ENGLISH-SPEAKING COUNTRIES Introduction 1. Nowadays, English is so widely spoken that it can hardly be considered "a one nation's" language. The main countries where English is spoken are: the U.K, the U.S, Canada, Australia, the Republic of Ireland, New Zealand, West Indies 2. There are approx. 300-400 million speakers of English in the world. English occupies the 3rd place by its number of speakers; it is right behind Mandarin and Spanish. 3. ESL (English as a Second Language) used in your own country (e.g. India) EFL (English as a Foreign Language) used in a foreign country ESP (English for Specific Purposes) used in business, airlines, hotels etc. 4. Settlement colonies people migrated into them from Britain and started their own communities, they are the present English-speaking countries (USA, Australia, Canada, New...
London London is almost 2,000 years old. Romans came to England in 43 AD. It was first called Londinium. In 1666 the Great Fire destroyed four fifths of the wooden buildings in the City including St Paul`s Cathedral. The fire began in the kitchen of the King`s baker Thomas Farriner in Pudding Lane and lasted for five days. London is the capital of England and the United Kingdom. By now London has swallowed up many of the small towns and villages that once surrounded it. London is on the same latitude as Warsaw. London is a city were more than 7 million inhabitants live. In London there are famous Telephone booths and taxis. Also there are red double- decker buses. The quick and easy way is use the underground trains. The cheapest is to buy a Travelcard. London hosted the 1908 and 1948 Summer Olympic Games and will host the 2012 Summer Olympic Games. ...
1) General facts The UK: * the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland was formed in 1801 * it covers 243,610 sq km * everybody from the UK is called British * the capital city is London * is made up of four constituent countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland which in turn are divided into counties * the flag is called the Union Jack which is a combination of the flags of England, Scotland and Northern Ireland * the population is about 60,000,000 people, the population density is 242 people/sq km * its coasts are washed by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea, Saint George's Channel, and the Irish Sea. It is linked to France by the Channel Tunnel * the United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The current monarch is Queen Elizabeth II, who is also the Queen and Head of State of fifteen other Commonwealth Realms, such as Can...
Wales Koostas : Klass: Contents General infor mation Facts Pictures * Flag * Arms * Snowdonia mountain * Saint David General information Wales is a countr y that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain, bordered by England to its east and the Atlantic Ocean and Ir ish Sea to its west. Facts Country name : Wales / Cymru Motto : Cymru am byth / Wales for ever Anthem : Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau / Land of my fathers Captial : Cardiff Off icial language : Welsh / English Goverment : Devolved Goverment in a Constitutinal monarchy * Monarch : Elizabeth second * First minister : Carwyn Jones Am Legislature : UK Parliament National Assembly for Wales Area : 20 779 km² Population : 3 006 400 Currency : Pound sterling D...
The Republic of South Africa History The Republic of South Africa is a country located at the southern tip of Africa, with a 2,798 kilometres coastline on the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Modern humans have inhabited Southern Africa for more than 100,000 years. In 1652 the Dutch East India Company founded a refreshment station at what would become Cape Town. The discovery of diamonds and later gold triggered the conflict known as the Anglo-Boer War, as the Boers and the British fought for the control of the South African mineral wealth. Although the Boers were defeated, the British gave limited independence to South Africa in 1910 as a British dominion. South Africa contains some of the oldest archaeological sites in the world. Flag I flag After the Anglo-Boer War the English people desided to make British Union Flag a national flag of South Africa II flag The second flag was designed in 31 May 1928, becau...
Country Studies The United Kingdom Test revision questions Form 11 1. What are the capitals of the 4 constituent countries? England London; Wales Cardiff; N-Ireland Belfast; Scotland - Edinburgh 2. Order the invaders in correct chronological order: Anglo-Saxons, Normans, Romans, Celts, Vikings. Celts > Romans > Anglo-Saxons > Vikings > Normans 3. How did the Celts influence Britain? The Celts were in Britain long before the English language existed. Celtic influence on English is minimal. There are more Amerindian words in English than Celtic ones. 4. How many people approximately speak English? 300million as mother tongue, 470million as 2nd language. 5. Who (which tribes) gave the base of the English language? Anglo-Saxons 6. Describe Wales. Part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain, population: 3,064,000, Wales has a distinctive culture including its...
Canada Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean. It is the world's second largest country by total area, and shares land borders with the United States to the south and northwest. Canada is a federation composed of ten provinces and three territories; in turn, these may be grouped into regions. Western Canada consists of British Columbia and the three Prairie provinces (Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba). Central Canada consists of Quebec and Ontario. Atlantic Canada consists of the three Maritime provinces (New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and Nova Scotia), along with Newfoundland and Labrador. Eastern Canada refers to Central Canada and Atlantic Canada together. Three territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut) make up Northern Canada. ...
Westminster Abbey Facts The Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster Owned directly by the royal family Dedicated to St Peter Located next to the Houses of Parliament UNESCO World Heritage Site History 616, a shrine was founded 10451050, Edward the Confessor Consecrated on December 28, 1065 Romaneque style, to house Benetictine munks Rebuilt 12451517 in Gothic style by Henry III History 2 Henry VII Lady Chapel in 1503 Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1534 Attacked by Puritans in 1640s Oliver Cromwell's funeral in 1658 Western towers were built between 1722 and 1745 Coronations The coronations of King Harold and William the Conqueror in 1066 All English and British monarchs have been crowned there Except Edward V, Edward VIII and Lady Jane Gray King Edward's Chair since 1308 More about Abbey Poets' Corner Tomb of The Unknown Warrior Statue of Martin Luther King Chapter Hou...
OTTAWA FACTS ABOUT OTTAWA Capital of Canada Fourth largest city in the country 2,778.13 km2 Founded in 1826 as Bytown Incorporated as "Ottawa" in 1855 1857 Queen Victoria chose Ottawa to be the capital of Canada City's population 883,391 INTERESTING FACTS The name Ottawa comes from the Algonquin word adawe – which means to trade Ottawa is located on the banks of the Ottawa, Rideau and Gatineau Rivers Ottawa is the seventh coldest capital in the world About 25% of Ottawa residents were born outside of Canada Languages spoken include English (50%), French (32%) and a host of some other languages CANADIAN TULIP FESTIVAL Held every May, is one of the most famous festivals in Ottawa THE MAMAN SCULPTURE BY LOUISE BOURGEOIS OTTAWA CITY HALL Built as the headquarters of the former Regional Municipality of Ottawa-Carleton TABARET HALL A hall at the University of Ottawa, founded in 1848 as the College of Bytown CANADIAN PARLIAMENT BUILDI...
HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT Houses of Parliament also known as the Palace of Westminster is one of the most attractive buildings in London. It stands on the site where Edward the Confessor had the original palace built in the first half of the eleventh century . In 1547 the royal residence was moved to Whitehall Palace, but the Lords continued to meet at Westminster, while the commons met in St. Stephen's Chapel. Ever since these early times, the Palace of Westminster has been home to the English Parliament. In 1834 there was a huge fire that destroyed much of the old palace. All that remained was the chapel crypt, The Jewel Tower and Westminster Hall. It was Lord Melbourne, the Prime Minister, who saved the great hall by arranging for the fire engines to be brought right into the hall and personally supervising the fire fighting operation. The magnificent Gothic Revival masterpiece you see ...
Queen Elizabeth I (1533-1603) Janeli Õim 11A Brief biography Elizabeth Tudor Click to edit Master text styles 7 September 1533 Second level 24 March 1603 Third level Fourth level Queen of England Fifth level Queen of Ireland - 17 November 1558 until her death (aged 69) Protestant Never married Janeli Õim 11A Family Click King Henry VIII (1491 - to edit Master text styles 1547) Second level Anne Boleyn (Executed 19 Third level Fourth level May 1536) Fif...
Westminster Today For centuries, Westminster was the political and religious center, but today Westminster is the center of government. Westminster Hall was built in 1099 by the son of William the Conqueror and is one of the largest medieval halls. It was part of the Westminster Palace, which was destroyed by a fire in 1834. The Houses of Parliament that we see today were rebuilt in the 19th century after the fire. The Big Ben clock tower is the largest four-sided ringing clock in the world and it is also one of the London's most famous symbols. Some think that Big Ben is the name of the clock on the tower, but actually it is the name of the big 13-ton bell that rings every fifteen minutes. The most historic religious building in Britain is Westminster Abbey, a beautiful church across the street from the Houses of Parliament. It was begun between 1042 and 1065 when the English king Edward the Confessor built a churc...
London History The Romans AD 43- AD 410 The Romans finally invaded Britain in AD 43 from Kent. The Romans lead by Julius Caesar attempted to invade Britain twice before that in 55 and 54 BC but the invasions were unsuccessful. They made their way to the river Thames and sailed up it. The Romans knew it was important to control a crossing point at the river Thames, so they decided to build a settlement on the north bank. Although small settlements had been built on the banks of the Thames, the Romans were the ones who built the first city. They called their city Londinium. The Roman engineers noticed that the point where the swampy river narrowed would make an ideal crossing point, they built London Bridge. Less than 20 years later the native Iceni tribe, led by Queen Boudicca, rose up against the Romans in revenge for mistreatment and burnt Londinium to the ground. The well disciplined Roman army defeated her forces and Londinium was r...
ENGLAND England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; it is surrounded by the Irish Sea, the Celtic Sea, the North Sea and the English Channel, it's linked to Frane by the Channel Tunnel. The total area of the country is more than 130000 sq km. Most of England is lowland, but there are upland regions in the north, south and south west. The climate is temperate, subject to frequent changes, with plentiful rainfall all year round, although the seasons are quite variable in temperature, it rarely falls below -5 or rises above +30 degrees. The longest river, the Severn, flows for 354km. England's capital London, is the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, drawing from a wide range of people, cultures and religions, speaking over 300 different languages, mixing their culture, tr...
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