Estonian War of Independence During World War I the greatest colonial power in Europe the Russian Empire seized to exist. On its ruins the formerly enchained nations founded their own states. Among them was the Estonian Republic, officially declared on February 24, 1918. When Germany surrendered to the Western Allies on November 11, 1918 a strategic vacuum arose in Eastern Europe. The new rulers of Russia the Bolsheviks decided to use it as a proper moment to re-conquer their lost territories. The ultimate goal was international communist revolution and Germany was the first standing on their way. Thus on November 13, 1918 the Government of Soviet Russia denounced peace with Germany. On November 16 the Commander-in-Chief of the Red Army, Jukums Vacietis, gave orders to start a massive attack on a long front from the Gulf of Finland to the Ukraine. On November 28, two divisions of the Red Army (altogether 12,000 troops) crossed...
Otto August Strandman Otto August Strandman was an Estonian politican, who served as State Elder of Estonia in 1929 and Prime Minister in 1919. He was one of the leaders of the centre-left of Estonian Labour Party. Strandman was born on 30 November, 1875 in the village of Vandu. Vandu is pretty close to Kadrina. Vandu is situated in Undla Parish, Viru County. His father was Hans Strandman, who was a schoolteacher in Undla Parish, Neeruti Mansion. He had also one brother Andres and one sister Anna. Otto was his third child. Hans was a very good father, because first education got Otto by father. In 1886, he went to the municipal school of Rakvere and in 1888 to Emperor Alexander State High School in Tallinn, later High School in Saint Petersburg. In 1896, he graduated as an extern in the Estonian Governorate High School of Tallinn. In 1907, Otto married to Lydia Hindrikson. Their first two ch...
Albert Einstein Albert Einstein was a Germanborn theoretical physicist. Einstein is often regarded as the father of modern physics. Einstein published more than 300 scientific papers. His great intelligence and originality has made the word "Einstein" synonymous with genius. Early life Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, but the family moved to Munich in 1880. Albert attended a Catholic elementary school from the age of five until ten. In 1894, his father's company failed and in search of business, the family moved to Italy. Einstein wrote his first scientific work, "The Investigation of the State of Aether in Magnetic...
The Estonian War of Independence The Estonian War of Independence began with the attack of the Red Army of the Soviet Russia on Narva on the 28 November 1918 and lasted until a ceasefire on the 3 January 1920 (juridically until the 2 February 1920). In the War of Independence, Estonia received support from the UK, Finland, Latvia and the White Russian Northwestern Army. In the defence of the independent statehood of Estonia in the battlefield participated at least 130 students and 11 teachers of the Gymnasium for Boys, which was the name for Gustav Adolf Grammar School at that time. Johan Laidoner has said that it was the schoolboys who brought "the belief, that we would win and that is the greatest gift they have given to the Republic during its birth." (point to the list of students on the slide.) The youngest students of our school in the War of Independence were 15 and the oldest, Martin Hendrikson, cele...
Early Life • Born on March 14, 1879 in Ulm, Württemberg, Germany.(Galenet) • Although Jewish, Albert Einstein attended a Catholic School. (Galenet) • At only age 15, Einstein completed his first scientific work, “The Investigation of the State of Aether in Magnetic field.” (Galenet) • Never completed high school in hopes of applying directly to ETH Zurich. (Fara, EBSCOHOST) Marriage Life • Married to Mileva Marić in January 6, 1903. (Galenet) • Has two sons, Hans Albert Einstein, and Eduard Einstein. (Galenet) • Divorced Mileva on February 14, 1919. (Galenet) • Married Elsa Löwenthal on June 2, 1919 shortly after divorcing his first wife. (Galenet) Miracle Year • Wrote 4 papers in 1905, and all them are regarded as major achievements. – The Photoelectric Effect – The Brownian Motion – The Theory of Relativity – E=MC2 The Photoelectric Effect ...
ALBERT EINSTEIN 18791955 CHILDHOOD AND SCHOOL Albert Einstein was born into a Jewish family in Ulm, in the Kingdom of Württemberg in the German Empire on March 14, 1879. His father was Hermann Einstein, a salesman and engineer. His mother was Pauline Einstein. In 1880, the family moved to Munich, where his father and his uncle founded a company, that manufactured electrical equipment. In 1886 he started school in Munich. In 1894 his family moved to Italy. Albert stayed Munich. In 1895 he moved to Italy to his family. He continued his education in Switzerland. In 1896 he gave up his German nationality and went to Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich. In 1900 he graduated Federal Institute of Technology. HIS LIFE In 1901 he gained Swiss citizenship. In 1903 he married to Mileva Maric. They have two sons ( Hans Albert and Eduard) and a daughter (Lieserl). The...
Remembrance Sunday Remembrance Sunday Remembrance Sunday is held on the second Sunday in November, which is the nearest to 11 November It is the anniversary of the end of hostilities in the First World War to commemorate the contribution of British and Commonwealth military and civilian servicemen in the two World Wars and later conflicts National ceremony The United Kingdom national ceremony is held in London Two minutes' silence is held at 11 a.m., which represents the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month in 1918 Local ceremonies in the UK Significant ceremonies also take place across the regions of the United Kingdom Most notably in Edinburgh Castle, in Cardiff and in the grounds of the Belfast City Hall Armistiche Day Armistice Day, also known as Remembrance Day, is on 11 November and commemorates the armistice signed between the Allies of World War I and Germany The date was declared a national ho...
The most important key dates in Estonian history Every country has its history and some moments are more important than the others. Here are some of the most notable dates from Estonian history. 3rd millennium BC the Finno-Ugric tribes arrive in Estonia 1154 First written mention of Tallinn (by al-Idrisi) 13th century German and Danish invade Estonia. Estonians' numerous attempts to restore independence fail 1343 St. George's Night uprising 1558-1583 the Livonian War after which Northern Estonia is occupied by Sweden and Southern Estonia occupied by Poland 1632 Tartu University was founded 1860-1885 the era of national awakening, the foundation for Estonian journalism was laid, collection of folklore 1869 First all-Estonian Song Festival in Tartu 1884 The blue-black-and-white flag of Estonian Students' Society was consecrated ...
The wonderful wizard of oz Written by: L. Frank Baum Main characters Little girl dorothy, her dog Toto. Scarecrow Tin woodman Lion Summary Dorothy wants to get back where she used to live in Kansas, but it’s impossible because nobody knows where it is. So she has to follow the yellow brick road to the emerald city to ask the wizard of oz to send het there. On her way she meets many creatures who need something from the wizard too. All the creatures have a unique skill Which comes in handy many times on their way to the emerald city. What do the creatures need from the wizard? Scarecrow needs a brain Tin woodman needs a heart Lion needs courage to do things because he’s a cowardly lion About the book The book was very well designed and every page looked cool and decorated. It looks like they put a lot of effort into this book. They also tried to do everything to make this book cool and interesting for children. And overall it ...
Zion National Park Nimi Klass Kool What is it ? Zion National Park is a national park located in the Southwestern United States, near Springdale, Utah. Founded in 1919. Unique because it has 4 different life zones : desert, riparian, woodland, and coniferous forest. History The first human presence dates to 8,000 years ago Utah's oldest and most visited national park What´s there ? 289 species of birds Mountains 75 mammals Canyons 19 species of bat Mesas 32 reptiles Monoliths, Peregrine Falcon Rivers, Mexican spotted owl Slot canyons California condor Natural arches. desert tortoise the Zion snail Activities ATV / 4X4 Riding Jeep Tours Biking Horseback Riding Canyoneering Paintball...
Estonian holidays Robert Rootsi Allan Marran LE10 Christmas Christmas , also referred to as Christmas Day, is an annual holiday celebrated on December 25 or January 7 that commemorates the birth of Jesus of Nazareth. Modern customs of the holiday include gift-giving, Church celebrations, and the display of various. Estonian people bring Christmas tree indoors and decorate it with straw ,glass balls and candles. On the 24th December people leave work early, families gather, Santa Clouse comes , everybody gives gifts. People are very calm at Christmas time and they support each other. New Year's Eve New Year's Eve is on December 31, the final day of the Gregorian year, and the day before New Year's Day. New Year' s Eve is celebrated all around world because it's final day of the Gregorian year. New Year's Eve is usually celebrated with families or with...
Freedom Square Freedom Square Freedom Square is a plaza on the southern end of the Old Town. It is bounded on the east by St. John's Church, on the south by Kaarli Boulevard and an underground shopping center. Construction works started in 2008. History In 19th century Freedom Square was called Peetri plats. During the Soviet period, Freedom Square was known as the Victory Square. Before Freedom Square there was a parking lot. It was opened on 23 June 2009 as a memorial for those who fell during the Estonian War of Independence. This cost to Estonia about 26,9 million euros. Victory Column It is also there to commemorating the Estonian War of Independence 1918 1920. The idea of creating a monument was conceived in 1919, before the end of the war. In 2006, a design competition for the monument received more than 40 entries. The winning entry "Libertas" was designed by Rainer Sternfeld, Andri Laidre, Ka...
Estonian presidents Estonia has only had 4 presidents, since it's been a republic for little time. Konstantin Päts (1874-1956) was the first president of Estonia. His reign as a president started in 1938 and ended in 1940. Päts' political career started early. He served as a municipal advisor in 1904 and had many political positions after that. With his speech during the War of Independence he put a basis to Estonian economy. Päts' position as a president ended when Soviet Union occupied Estonia in 1940. Päts was forced to leave his office and was deported to Leningrad with his family. In 1941, he was arrested. In time he ended up in psychiatric hospital, where he died in 1956. Konstantin Päts giving a speech in 1919. Lennart Meri (1929-2006). His reign as the second president of Estonia started in 1992 and ended in 2001. He started out as a writer and filmmaker. Through his political activeness he got the position of Foreign mi...
30,00010,000 BC Prehistoric hunters cross over into Canada from Asia circa 1000 AD Leif Ericsson leads a Viking expedition to the New World 1451 The Iroquois Confederacy is formed 1497 John Cabot reaches Newfoundland (or perhaps Cape Breton) 1534 Jacques Cartier first explores the St. Lawrence region 1608 Samuel de Champlain establishes a French colony at Québec City 1670 Hudson's Bay Company is formed 1755 Expulsion of the Acadians 1759 Battle of the Plains of Abraham: Québec City is captured 1763 New France is formally ceded to Britain; Pontiac Rebellion erupts 1783 Loyalist refugees begin arriving after the American Revolution 181214 War of 1812: U.S. invades Canada 183738 Rebellions against British rule in Upper and Lower Canada 1848 Responsible government is won, first in Nova Scotia, then in Canada 1867 Confederation (first four provinces: Québec, Ontario, N.S., and N.B.) 1870 Red River Resistance; province of Man...
Louis Armstrong 1901-1971 Elulugu Sündis 4.augustil (juulil) New Orleansis Oli USA dzässtrompetist ja laulja Kasvas üles vaesuses 5-aastaselt naasis ta elama ema juurde ja nägi isa ainult paraadidel Juba varases nooruses ilmnes tema huvi muusika vastu Vanakraamikaupmees, kelle juures Louis koolipoisina töötas, aitas tal osta korneti, millel ta iseseisvalt mängima õppis 11-aastaselt liitus poistekvartetiga 20-aastaselt õppis nooti lugema Kokku oli tal viis naist Ta suri 6. juulil 1971. aastal New Yorgis südamepuudulikkusesse Tegutsemine bändides Esines Chicagos kuulsa kornetimängija Joe "King" Oliveri bändis Pärast seda siirdus New Yorki ning ühines Fletcher Hendersoni bändiga Aasta pärast tuli ta tagasi Chicagosse tagasi ning alustas 1925. aasta novembris koostööd The Dreamland Syncopators'itega 1919. aastal läks Fate Marable bändi, jäädes sinna 1921. aasta lõpuni Kontsertidel esines ta aga koos Erskine Tate'i ja Carroll Dickersoni or...
Estonia, Hiiumaa & School Ken Pähn Kärdla Gymnasium 11th grade Estonia Officialy the republic of Estonia Territory: 45 000 sq km Population: 1,3 million Capital: Tallinn 15 counties Language:Estonian Estonian Flag Coat of Arms Blue the blue sky above the native land. Black - the attachment to our black soil. White - hard work and purity. National emblems Barn swallow Corn flower National emblems limestone Estonia President: Toomas Hendrik European Union since 2004 Ilves Nato since 2004 Prime minster: Andrus Ansip United Nation since 1991 Democratic parliamentary republic Andrus Ansip Toomas Hendrik Il...
Winston Churchill (1874 - 1965) Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill was born on 30 November 1874 at Blenheim Palace in Oxfordshire. His father was the prominent Tory politician, Lord Randolph Churchill. Churchill attended the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, before embarking on an army career. He saw action on the North West Frontier of India and in the Sudan. While working as a journalist during the Boer War he was captured and made a prisoner-of-war before escaping. In 1900, Churchill became Conservative member of parliament for Oldham. But he became disaffected with his party and in 1904 joined the Liberal Party. When the Liberals won the 1905 election, Churchill was appointed undersecretary at the Colonial Office. In 1908 he entered the Cabinet as president of the Board of Trade, becoming home secretary in 1910. The following year he became first lord of the Admiralty. He held this post in the first months of Worl...
Andrew Carnegie by Maarja Kivirüüt Kätlin Unt Introduction · was a Scottish industrialist, businessman, a major philanthropist · founder of Pittsburgh's Carnegie Steel Company which later became U.S. Steel. Humble beginnings · Was born on November 25, 1835, in Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland · The son of a hand loom weaver, William T. Carnegie · He grew up in a cultured, political home · Great influence on the young Carnegie were his father and his uncle, George Lauder · Carnegie emmigrated from Scotland to the United States in 1848 at the age of 13 Career · His education and passion for reading was given a great boost by Colonel James Anderson · In 1851, he became a telegraph messenger boy in the Pittsburgh Office · Thomas A. Scott of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company employed him as a secretary/telegraph operator starting in 1853 · In 1855 he was able t...
Walt Disney Walter Elias "Walt" Disney was born in 1901, in Chicago and he died in 1966, in California. Although he was born in Chicago, he lived up the rest (and majority) of his live in his residence, in Chicago. Walt Disney was an American film producer, animator, voice actor and much more. A very important thing about him is that he's a co-founder of The Walt Disney Company, which is propably the greatest and the most well-known film company based on animated cartoons. His parents were Elias Disney and Flora Call Disney. His father was a strict man, who wasn't afraid to use force and abuse his children. Disney lived on a farm, where he started loving animals, which was propably the reason for his animal cartoons. After the farm failed, he and his family moved to Missouri, where he started drawing. Disney left school (McKinley high school) at 17, because he wanted to go to war and he participated in...
Theodore Roosevelt Theodore "Teddy" Roosevelt (October 27, 1858 January 6, 1919;) was the 26th President of the United States. He is well remembered for his energetic personality, range of interests and achievements, leadership of the Progressive Movement, model of masculinity, and his "cowboy" image. He was a leader of the Republican Party and founder of the short-lived Progressive ("Bull Moose") Party of 1912. Before becoming President (19011909) he held offices at the municipal, state, and federal level of government. Roosevelt's achievements as a naturalist, explorer, hunter, author, and soldier are as much a part of his fame as any office he held as a politician. Born to a wealthy family, Roosevelt was an unhealthy child suffering from asthma who stayed at home studying natural history. In response to his physical weakness, he embraced a strenuous life. He attended Harvard, where he boxed and developed an interest in naval aff...
Võisiku manor Aliis Uudelt TPL 2012 Jõgeva county First mention in 1558 1750 Heinrich von Fick Since the second half of 18th century to 1830 von Bocks von Manteuffels, von Samson-Himmelstjernas and von zur Mühlens Dispossession in 1919 Originally 52 buildings The main building The 1750s One-storey Stone-made Protruding flanks Porch 19th century Since 1925 nursing home Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level Shed Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level Distillery & Water-mill Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level ...
Mari-Liisa Reigo Jaanipäev Jaaniõhtu, also called Jaanilaupäev and Jaanipäev are the most important days in the Estonian calendar, apart from Christmas. The short summer seasons with long days and brief nights hold special significance for the people of Estonia. Jaanipäev is celebrated in the night between 23rd and 24th of June, a few days after the summer solstice, when night seems to be non-existent. For Estonians, Jaanipäev celebrations were merged with the celebration of Võidupüha during the War of Independence when Estonian forces defeated the German troops on 23 June 1919. After this battle against Estonia's traditional oppressors, Jaaniõhtu and the lighting of the traditional bonfires became linked with the ideals of independence and freedom. Jaanipäev marks a change in the farming year, specif...
UK Parliament Parliament of the United Kingdom The Parliament of the United Kingdom is the highest legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories. It alone has parliamentary sovereignty over all other political bodies. At its head is the Queen Elizabeth II. The parliament has an upper house, the House of Lords, and a lower house, the House of Commons. The House of Lords plays an important role in checking and challenging the decisions and actions of the government through questions and debates. A House of Commons evolved at some point in England during the 14th century, becoming the House of Commons of Great Britain after the political union with Scotland in 1707. How laws are made Most new laws passed by Parliament result from proposals made by the government. Proposals aim to shape society or address particular problems. Normally, they are created over a period of time. ...
Filmikunsti ajalugu 31.01.12 The age of pioneers: the early history of film How the horses helped to ivent the cinema. Cinema was invented by accident. 1872, west coast: leland standford, party, rich people, end of the 19 century, bored. Stanfrod talks friends about horses: problem: question is, what happens with the hooves while its moving, running. Bet, with eyes, can't settle this. Cannot ever see if the hooves touch the ground. Stanford has enough money, hires most famous photographer. Eadwerd muybridge, comes to usa. Tells him to settle this with photography. That time with photography you cannot get any informatio either. Started to install boxes, in each box, there was a camera. Does the hooves touch the ground or not? Fast shutter, can freeze the moment. Makes fast shutters, to record this. Finds solution, hooves are touching. The prerequisites for cinema: camera(edison and dickson), film stock that is flexible and stable to ru...
HISTORY OF ESTONIA Estonians are one of the longest-settled European peoples, whose forebears, known as the "comb pottery" people, lived on the southeastern shores of the Baltic Sea over 5,000 years ago. Like other early agricultural societies, Estonians were organized into economically self-sufficient, male-dominated clans with few differences in wealth or social power. By the early Middle Ages most Estonians were small landholders, with farmsteads primarily organized by village. With the collapse of the Russian empire in World War I, Russia's provisional government granted national autonomy to Estonia. A popularly elected assembly (Maapaev) was formed but was quickly forced underground by opposing extremist political forces. The Committee of Elders of the underground Maapaev announced the Republic of Estonia on February 24, 1918, 1 day before German troops invaded. After the withdrawal of Ger...
2) Central park is an urban park in the central part of the borough of Manhattan, New York City. It was initially opened in 1857, on 778 acres of cityowned land, later expanding to its current size of 843 acres. Central park is one of the most famous sightseeing spots in New York. 3) Central park which has been a National Historical Landmark since 1962, was designed by landscape architect Frederic Law Olmsted and the English architect Calvert Vaux in1858. It is bordered on the north by Central Park North, on the south by Central Park South, on the west by Central Park West and on the east by Fifth Avenue. The park contains several naturallooking lakes and ponds which have been created artificially, extensive walking tracks, bridle paths, two iceskating rinks, the Central Park Zoo, the Central Park Conservatory Garden, a wildlife sanctuary, a 106 acre billiongallon reservoir and an outdoor amphitheater. Indoor attract...
BOXING Boxing is a martial art and combat sport where two people throw punches with gloved hands at each ohter. The equipment are boxing gloves and wrist wraps. The fighting takes place in a ring. THE RESULT IS DECIDED The result is decided when an opponent is deemed incapable to continue by a referee, is disqualified for breaking a rule, resigns by throwing in a towel, or based on the judges' scorecards at the end of the contest. HISTORY The exact origin of boxing cannot be traced, but forms of fighting are among the oldest sports known to man. It was introduced in the ancient Greek Olympics in 688 BC. Ever wonder why they call them boxing "rings", even though they are square? In Ancient Rome, boxing rules were introduced and competitors were required to remain within a circular ring drawn on the arena floor.They have been known as "rings" ever since. The first modern boxing match took place in Britain when Christopher Monck, 2nd Duk...
Mother Teresa Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu /agns gna bjadju/ (Albanian Gonxha for "rosebud") was born on August 26, 1910, in Skopje, now the capital of the Republic of Macedonia. Although she was born on August 26, 1910, she considered August 27, 1910, the day she was baptized, to be her "true birthday." Although some sources state that she was 10 when her father died, in an interview with her brother, the Vatican documents her age at the time as "about eight". She was the youngest of the children of a family from Shkodër, Albania, born to Kolë and Dranafile Bojaxhiu (Albanian Dranafile for "rose", nicknamed "Drone"). Her father, Kolë Bojaxhiu was involved in Albanian politics. In 1919, after a political meeting, which left Skopje out of Albania, he fell ill and died when Agnes was about eight years old. After her father's death, her mother raised her as a Roman Catholic. According to a biography by Jo...
AK-47 Place and date Russia, 1944-1946 Weight 4.3 kg (9.5 lb) with empty magazine Length 870 mm (34.3 in) fixed wooden stock Overall Barrel length Cartridge 415 mm (16.3 in) 7.62x39mm M43 Action Gas- information operated, rotating bolt Rate of fire 600 rounds/min Muzzle velocity 715 m/s (2,346 ft/s) Effective range 100800 sight adjustments m Feed system 30-round detachable box magazine, also compatible with 40- round box or 75- ...
Ajalugu August Rei Sisukord: Sisukord..........................................................................................................lk2 1 Elulugu............................................................................................................lk3 Eesti sotsiaaldemokraatliku mõtte algus.........................................................lk4 Eesti Vabariigi algusajad..............................................................................lk5-6 Tegevus paguluses.........................................................................................lk7 August Rei teosed...........................................................................................lk8 Tõlkinud..........................................................................................
PIERRE AUGUSTE RENOIR 1841 1919 1870ndatel aastatel arenes Prantsusmaal välja uus kunstivool impressionism. Selle voolu nimetus pärineb sõnast "impressioon", mis tähendab muljet impressionistid püüdsid jäädvustada hetkelisi muljeid, mis nad said ümbritsevast elust ja loodusest. Nad väitsid, et enne neid polnud veel keegi kujutanud looduses nähtut päris õigesti. Ikka anti kogu pildi pind ühetaolise täpsusega. Tegelikkuses suudab aga inimese silm selgesti näha ainult väikest osa ümbritsevast, kõik muu hajub valguse ja värvi ebaselgesse mängu. Seepärast loobusid impressionistid oma maalidel teravatest piirjoontest ja mustadest varjudest. Nad ei maalinud mitte niivõrd esemeid, kui just neid ümbritsevat valgust ja õhku. Huvist valguse maalimise vastu töötasid nad otse looduses, heleda päikesepaiste käes. Nad kasutasid heledaid puhtaid...
AJALOO KONTROLLTÖÖ: I Maailmasõda 1. Millal toimus I maailmasõda ja mis olid selle ajendid? Mis olid I MS põhjus-eeldused? I MS toimus 1915-1918. Selle ajendiks oli kaks asja kokku: a) atendaat Austria-Ungari troonipärija Franz Ferdinandi vastu (Serbia kodaniku poolt sooritatud) ja Austria-Ungari poolt saadetud noot (poliitiline arupäring) Serbiale. Põhjus-eeldused: 1) Imperialism teravdas suurriikide vastuolusid (nt. SB ja Saksamaa, kolooniate ümberjagamise pärast). Loodeti kiiret lokaalset sõda. Atendaati kasutati ära, kui põhjendust alustada sõda. Loodi kaks blokki: Kolmikliit ja Entente. Diplomaatiline nõrkus. 2) Sõja romantiseeriti rahva hulgas: inimesed olid valmis vabatahtlikult sõtta minema, arvati, et jõuludeks on sõda läbi. Samuti ei osatud hinnata, mis on sõda. 2. Kirjuta kaks rahvuvaheliste suhete teravnemise põhjust, mis viisid I MS puhkemiseni. 1) Suurriigid võitlesid kolooniate pärast, sest koloniseerimata maid oli väh...
Estonian national holidays Christmas Christmas , also referred to as Christmas Day, is an annual holiday celebrated on December 25 or January 7 that commemorates the birth of Jesus of Nazareth. Modern customs of the holiday include gift-giving, Church celebrations, and the display of various decorations--including the Christmas tree, lights, mistletoe, nativity scenes, and holly. In many countries there are many different types of decorations used depending on the traditions and available resources. However , in Estonia people bring Christmas tree in and decorate it with straw ,glass balls and candles. Estonians eat sauerkraut and black pudding. On the 24th December people leave work early, families gather, Santa Clouse comes , everybody gives gifts. People are very calm at Christmas time and they support each other. New Year's Eve New Year's Eve is on December 3...
One of the most memorable English writers of all time Family of Joseph Rudyard Kipling Mother Alice MacDonald Kipling Father John Lockwood Kipling Sister Alice Kipling Fleming Early Life 30 December 1865 in Bombay, in British India Captain and Mrs. Holloway - Lorne Lodge Paradise at Aunt Georgie's and her husband 1878 - admitted to the United Services College Bombay in 1865 Travels & First writings 1883 - visited Simla thirty-nine stories appeared in the Gazette included in Plain Tales from the Hills Kipling's first prose collection 1887 Allahabad in the United Provinces published six collections of short stories 1889 sold the rights to his six volumes of stories Life London published a novel - The Light that Failed and on the 18 January 1892 Carrie Balestier (29) and Rudyard Kipling (26) were married in London United States didn't find a country that lived up to his expecta...
Estonian Public holidays New Year's Day January 1 New Year is the time at which a new calendar year begins and the calendar's year count is incremented. In many cultures, the event is celebrated in some manner. The New Year of the Gregorian calendar, today in worldwide use, falls on 1 January, as was the case with theRoman calendar. There are numerous calendars that remain in regional use that calculate the New Year differently Independence Day Independence from the Russian Empire in 1918. Independence re-declared from the Soviet Union in 1991 An Independence Day is an annual event commemorating the anniversary of a nation's assumption of independent statehood, usually after ceasing to be a group or part of another nation or state; more rarely after the end of a military occupation. Most countries observe their respective independence days as a national holiday, and in some cases the observance date is controversial or contested. Goo...
Hugo Riemann - saksa muusikateadlane, July 18, 1849, Grossmehlra, Tüüring - July 10, 1919, Leipzig, Saksimaa Ta oli teooriat õppinud Frankenbergeri poolt, õppis klaverit koos Barthel and Ratzenberger, õppis õigust ning filosoofiat ja ajalugu Berliinis ja Tübingenis. Peale Franko-Germaani sõda pühendus muusikale, õppis Leipzigi konsis kompositsiooni ja teooriat ja muusikaajalugu. Siis läks Bielefeldi, oli seal õpetajana ja koorijuhina. 1878 tuli tagasi Leipzigi ülikooli kui privaatdotsent. 1881-90 oli ta klaveri õpetajana ja teooria õpetajana Hamburgi konsis, lühikest aega ka Sondershausen konsis. Oli õpetanud Wiesbadeni konservatooriumis (1890-1895), kuid lõpuks tuli tagasi Leipzigi Ülikooli lektorina 1895 aastal. Aastal 1901 nimetati ta professoriks. Tema tuntumad teosed on Musik-Lexikon (1882; 5th ed. 1899; Eng. Trans., 1893-1896) täielik sõnastik muusika ja muusikute kohta, Handbuch der Harmonielehre (harmooniaõpetuse käsiraamat), uu...
Estonia lies on the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea on the level northwestern part of the rising east European platform. Estonia is a flat country covering 46 226 square kilometers.Estonian's neighbours are Finland, Sweden, Latvia and Russia. Estonia is rich in islands. The two largest are Saaremaa and Hiiumaa . Saaremaa is famous for its big meteorite crater called Kaali and Hiiumaa is famous for its nature and plants. The countries highest point Big Egg hill ( Suur- Munamägi) reaches 318 meters above sea level. Estonia has many uplands too. The uplands are: Pandivere upland, Otepää upland, Vooremaa upland, Karula upland Haanja upland, Sakala upland. Estonia is covered by about 18 000 square kilometers of forest. Estonia is also rich in lakes and rivers The largest lake is Peipsi and the second-largest lake is Võrtsjärv. The largest river is Võhandu whinch is 162 meters long. Estonia has many national parks. A national park is a p...
Canada's History North America was first settled by people who came from the northern and eastern parts of Asia about 15,000 years ago. They crossed the Bering Strait from Siberia to Alaska. Some of those people followed the Yukon River and found their way south. Others followed the MacKenzie River which opened the way to the plains of the interior, and then travelled on to the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River. The third group of people inhabited the Arctic regions. The first two groups were called Indians, the group that settled in the north were called Eskimos. These people are the only true native Canadians, the rest are new Canadians who have been transplanted from other parts of the world, especially from Europe. The first European visitors to North America were Norsemen who settled briefly in the 11th century. John Cabot, a Venetian seeking riches for England, made the next known voyage in 1...
Psühholoogia Eestis J.Allik 2002 Psühholoogia Eestis Kokkuvõte Algus (1632-1918). Psühholoogia algus Eestis seondub Academia Gustaviana (1632- 1656) ja Gustavo-Carolina'ga (1690-1710), kus filosoofiliste disputatsioonide temaatikas esineb ajastule iseloomulikke psühholoogia probleeme nagu hinge olemus ja tüübid, tajuvõimed, ideede päritolu ning rahvuslik iseloom. · Püsivalt juurdus psühholoogia akadeemilises õppekavas peale TÜ taasavamist 1802. a., kui I. Kanti õpilane Gottlob Benjamin Jäsche hakkas lugema empiirilise psühholoogia kursust. Alates sellest on psühholoogia. õpetamine Eestis jätkunud ilma suuremate vaheaegadeta. · 19. saj. väärib psühholoogia kursust lugenute seas nimetamist Ludwig Strümpell, kelle unenägude teooria mõjutas oluliselt Sigmund Freudi, ja s...
The Fall of the Empire The fall of the British Empire was caused by World War II for two reasons. Firstly, many nations felt that their sacrifice should be rewarded with independence, for example India. Also, the losses to the Japanese destroyed the myth of the European omnipotence. Secondly, heavily in debt to the United States, the United Kingdom was financially exhausted. This left it almost impossible to defend its wider colonies by force. So the vast markets were opened to American companies and to weaken the UK in general. No empire has been larger or more diverse than the British Empire. At its apogee in the 1930s, 42 million Britons governed 500 million foreign subjects. Britannia ruled the waves, and a quarter of the earth's surface was coloured red on the map. Where Britain's writ did not run directly, its influence, sustained by matchless industrial and commercial sinews, was often paramoun...
Click to add title L Bio g raphy (25 Oc to be r 1881 8 April 1973) Self-portrait (1896) Pablo Picasso (1962) Artwork Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level Bo y Le ading a ho rs e (1906) Les demoisellesd'Avignon(1907) Landscape with Fac to ry in Ho rta Dead tree (1919) de Ebbo (1909) Ho us e s o n the Hill, Ho rta de Ebbo (1909) Woman And Child By The Sea (1921) Two Wo me n Running On A Be ac h (1922) Blue pe riod Po rtrait o f S uzanne Blo c...
Taj Mahal Grand Canyon Taj Mahal Tomb built in the 17th century Located in India One of the New Seven World Wonders There was a plan for another identical black tomb Construction More than 22,000 people Took 21 years to be completed Takes on different coloring during different periods of the day Full height 171 m 1000 elephants Most expensive gemstones About 735,000 euro Tourism 2-4 million tourists every year, 200,000 of them foreigners Busiest months October, November and February Interesting facts The emperor cut off the hands of the workers Perfectly symmetrical 28 types of stones Map Grand Canyon In Arizona, formed by the Colorado River One of the Seven Natural Wonders Of The World Length, width, depth 2 billion years of geological history Tourism Trips on the Colorado river Hiking Phantom Ranch Mule riding 5 million visitors ever...
Louis Armstrong Referaat Mats Viisileht Elulugu Louis Armstrong oli esimene erilist tähtsust omav muusik-solist, kes kerkis esile koos jazzmuusikaga. Temast sai üks mõjuvõimsamaid muusikuid kogu muusika ajaloos. Trompetivirtuoosina alustas ta juba 1920ndate algul stuudiolindistusi koos oma ansamblitega Hot Five ja Hot Seven. Omades suurepärast improvisatsiooniannet, mis kantud rikkalikust kujutlusvõimest ja emotsionaalsest kõrglaengust, pani ta aluse tuleviku jazzmuusika kujunemisele. Selle kõige eest on ta ära teeninud jazzisõprade sügava aukartuse. Armstrong oli ka "kõva" tegija popmuusikas, seda tänu just oma eriliselt võluvale ja isikupärasele laulustiilile, mis tõstis ta silmatorkavalt esile terves reas vokaalsalvestustes ja filmirollides. L. Armstrong sündis kas 4. augustil 1901. aastal New Orleansis ning suri 6. juulil 1971. aastal New Yorgis südamepuudulikkusesse. Louisi lapsepõlv oli raske. Tema isa William Ar...
ELULUGU: Hendrik Adamson sündis Metsakuru külas Patsi talus. Tema isa oli rätsep. 19011907 õppis ta Kärstna valla- ja ministeeriumikoolis ning 19071911 Tartu Õpetajate Seminaris. Aastal 1911 töötas ta õpetajana Tormas Võtikvere ministeeriumikoolis, 19121918 õpetajana ja juhatajana Kasepää vallas Raja küla ministeeriumikoolis ning 19191927 Kärstna algkooli juhatajana. Seejärel sai temast kutseline kirjanik Kärstnas Kodu pisitalus. Ta oli Eesti Kirjanikkude Liidu liige. Hiljem oli ta lühikest aega õpetaja Valgamaal Lõvel (1940) ja Kärstnas (1944). Teosed 1913. aastast avaldas ta ajakirjanduses miniatuure, dialooge, vesteid, hiljem arvukalt värsse, jutustusi ja novelle. Ta äratas tähelepanu mulgi murdes luulega. Ta avaldas luulekogud "Mulgimaa" (Tartu, 1919), "Inimen" (Tartu, 1925), "Tõus ja mõõn" (Tartu, 1931), "Kolletuspäev" (Tartu, 1934), "Mälestuste maja" (Tartu, 1936) ja "Linnulaul" (Tartu, 1937), novellikogud "Kuldblond neitsi...
John Maynard Keynes John Maynard Keynes sündis 5.juunili 1883 Cambridges, Inglismaal, keskklassi perekonda. Tema isa, John Neville Keynes, oli majandusteadlane ning filosoofia õppejõud Cambridge'i Ülikoolis ja tema ema Florence Brown oli esimene naine, kes töötas Cambridge meerina. John Maynard Keynese akadeemiline haridustee vastas tolleaegse keskklassi tipule: Eton-i poistekool ja King´s kolledž, Cambridge. Ülikooli ajal kuulus ta Apostlite ühingusse ning Bloombury gruppi, mis paljuski mõjutasid Keynse maailmavaadet. Pärast matemaatika lõpetamist ülikoolis alustas Keynes tööd India Office-is. Samal ajal kirjutas ta ka esseesid Inda rahasüsteemi kohta, millest 1913.aastal ka raamatu välja anti „Indian currency and finance”. Tänu oma esseedele tekkis Keynesil võimalus minna ülikooli tööle ning 1908. aastal ütles ta kontori tööst lahti, et minna Cambridge majandusteaduskonda õppejõuks. 1911.aastal võttis...
16th century (Tudors) 1. Henry VII - avoided wars, careful with money, didnt have expensive parties, was a rather shadowy figure 2. Henry VIII- brilliant scholar, excellent knight, good-looking, ambitious, self- centered, loved expensive clothes and parties. Wasted his fathers money very quickly and had 6 wives. His first wife couldnt give birth to a baby boy and they only had a daughter. His next wife only gave birth to a girl too. His next wife gave birth to a boy but died after the labor. He didnt like his 4th wife so he sent her back. His fifth wife was young and beautiful but had many lovers and Henry didnt like it so she was sent to the Tower and was beheaded. HIs 6th wife survived. 3. Edward- was sickly and ruled only for a few years and then he died 4. Mary Tudor/Bloody Mary- was catholic and killed many protesntants. Ruled only f...
2. MILLINE ON OLNUD RAHVUSVAHELISE ÕIGUSE AJALOOLINE ARENG? Rahvusvahelise õiguse arengut saab käsitleda kahes ajastus: klassikalise rahvusvahelise õiguse ajastu, mille periood ulatub Vestfaali rahust kuni Teise Maailmasõja lõpuni ning modernse rahvusvahelise õiguse ajastu alates Teisest maailmasõjast kuni tänapäevani. Ajalooliselt on rahvusvaheline õigus arenenud teatavate etappidena, mis on kaasa toonud mitmeid muudatusi tänapäevasesse rahvusvahelisse areeni. 2.1. Rahvusvahelise ühiskonna tekkimine (periood kuni Vestfaali rahuni) Sel perioodil tärkasid esimesed tänapäevasele rahvusvahelisele õigusele omased tunnusmärgid, milleks olid diplomaatia ja konsulaarsuhted, liidu- või rahulepingud ning repressaalid. Antud periood ei samastu rahvusvahelise õigusega tänapäeva mõttes, kuna rahvusvaheline ühiskond erines paljustki tänapäevasest ühiskonnast. Rahvusvahelise õiguse süsteemi alguse tekkeks tänapäevases mõttes ...
The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes By Arthur Conan Doyle Sveta Kostina Arthur Conan Doyle was born in Edinburgh on 22nd May 1859. he studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh medical practice at Bush Villas in Elm Grove, Southsea good at sport two wives: Louisa (or Louise) Hawkins and Jean Elizabeth Leckie five childrens: two with his first wife and three with his second wife studied the eye in Vienna; practice as an ophthalmologist died of his heart attack, aged 71, on 7th July 1930 Arthur Conan Doyle Bibliography A Study in Scarlet (1887) The Sign of Four (1890) The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes (1892) The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes (1894) The Hound of the Baskervilles (1902) The Return of Sherlock Holmes (1904) The Valley of Fear (1915) His Last Bow (1917) The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes (19...
Rise to Power Adolf Hitler Objectives: • The objective of this presentation is to give students an understanding of Adolf Hitler’s early, pre-adult years. • Students will also become familiar with how this seemingly unimportant Austrian rose to power in post World War I Germany. Overall Purpose: The overall purpose of this presentation is to explain how this little boy on the left became the man on the right who was ultimately responsible for the death of about 50 million people all over the world!! Birth • Adolf Hitler was born on April 20, 1889 in Braunau, Austria. • Adolf was 1 of 6 children - 3 of who died at early ages Parents Alois Schickelgruber Hitler was a customs official who was illegitimate by birth. His father, Adolf’s grandfather, may have been Jewish. He died when Adolf was ...
Tallinna Lillekyla Gymnasium Report Tallinn in the 20th century Student: ------------ Supervisor: --------------- Tallinn 2008 Table of Content Table of Content..........................................................................................................................2 Introduction .....................................................................................................................................................3 Beginning of 20th century...........................................................................................................4 Independent Estonia (1918-1940) ...............................................................................................................................................
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