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MERETRANSPORDI KOMMERTSEKSPLUATATSIOON XIII kodutöö (0)

5 VÄGA HEA
Punktid

Esitatud küsimused

  • Miks on vaja kindlustada merevedusid?
  • Keda millist ettevõtet nimetatakse merekindlustuse pioneeriks teerajaja algataja?
  • Millise lepinguga eriavariilised kahjud?

  • Ülevaade (1-2 lehekülge oma teksti) YAR 2016 (New York ) peamistest erisustest võrreldes eelmise YAR 2004 (Vancouver) versiooniga. Miks YAR 2004 ei leidnud populaarsust/kasutamist meresõitjate juures?
    When the YARs were last updated in 2004 at Vancouver there was, for the first time, a lack of consensus between the main commercial stakeholders regarding many of the changes , with shipowning interests also taking the view that the proposed changes were premature, given that the 1994 rules were only a decade old. The 2004 YARs were therefore incorporated in relatively few contracts of carriage.
    The YAR 2016 largely reflect the YAR 1994, which BIMCO has to date recommended as the basis for general average adjustments, while containing some useful clarifications and additions such as on low value cargoes. Importantly, it has been agreed that an annual interest rate of LIBOR plus 4 percentage points applies according to the new rules, while the commission of 2 per cent on owners' disbursements has been abolished. The 1994 version of the YAR has previously remained prominent despite a more recent 2004 revision. The 2004 version was considered less favourable to shipowners and BIMCO has twice reviewed and decided in favour of using the 1994 version, until now.
    YAR 2004 versioon oli vähem soodne laevaomanikutele, selle pärast ei leidnud eriti populaarsust.
    Siin on mõned näited, kuidas YAR 2016 erineb YARist 2004:
    YAR 2004
    YAR 2016
    Rule B
    2. A vessel is not in common peril with another vessel or vessels if by simply disconnecting from the other vessel or vessels she is in safety ; but if the disconnection is itself a general average act the common maritime adventure continues.
    2. If the vessels are in common peril and one is disconnected either to increase the disconnecting vessel’s safety alone , or the safety of all vessels in the common maritime adventure, the disconnection will be a general average act.
    Rule E
    2. All parties claiming in general average shall give notice in writing to the average adjuster of the loss or expense in respect of which they claim contribution within 12 months of the date of the termination of the common maritime adventure.
    2. All parties to the common maritime adventure shall, as soon as possible, supply particulars of value in respect of their contributory interest and, if claiming in general average, shall give notice in writing to the average adjuster of the loss or expense in respect of which they claim contribution, and supply evidence in support thereof.
    Allikas: https://www.ctplc.com/media/409139/York-Antwerp-Rules-2016-Tabular-Format-Final-Clean-.pdf
    2)      Vastake järgmistele küsimustele:
    a)       Miks on vaja kindlustada merevedusid?
    Merelaev on eelkõige laevakompanii investeering ja tootmisvahend . Peale kõrge maksumuse, iseloomustavad laeva ka äärmiselt suured jooksvad igapäevakulutused. Laeva kaotus või vigastus toob laevaomanikule kaasa nii remondikulud, kui ka sissetuleku kaotuse lühemaks või pikemaks remondiajaks, mis ilma korraliku kindlustuskaitseta võib saada laevaomaniku ärile hukatuslikuks.
    b)      Keda (millist ettevõtet) nimetatakse merekindlustuse pioneeriks (teerajaja, algataja )?
    c)       Merekindlustusleping – definitsioon, osapooled ja tähtsamad osised
    Merekindlustuse leping on selline leping, millega kindlustaja võtab endale kohustuse hüvitada kindlustatule kokkulepitud viisil ja ulatuses merendustegevusega seotud kahjud. Osapooled on kindlustaja ja kindlustatud isik või vara.
    d)      Selgitage mõistet Marine Adventure (võib ka vene keeles)
    Maritime adventure on selline reis, kus iga vara mis on kindlustatud (laev, kaup või last), on avatud (exposed, подвергается) riskidele merel.
    e)      Millise kindlustuslepinguga kaetakse üldjuhul laevaomaniku üldavariilised kahjud ja millise lepinguga eriavariilised kahjud?
    Klubi Skuld liikmetele standardne kindlustus katab kahjud seoses üldavariiga. Lasti kindlustus katab eriavariilised kahjud.
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    Allalaadimisi 60 laadimist Kokku alla laetud
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    Autor piirn Õppematerjali autor
    1) Ülevaade (1-2 lehekülge oma teksti) YAR 2016 (New York) peamistest erisustest võrreldes eelmise YAR 2004 (Vancouver) versiooniga. Miks YAR 2004 ei leidnud populaarsust/kasutamist meresõitjate juures?
    Vastake järgmistele küsimustele:
    a) Miks on vaja kindlustada merevedusid?

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