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2014-01-27
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..........................................................................................10 Artikkel the geograafiliste nimedega............................................................................10 Artikkel a, an.................................................................................................................10 Otsekõne Direct speech..............................................................................................11 Kaudkõne Reported speech........................................................................................11 Kaudküsimused Reported questions..........................................................................12 Passiiv Passive voice .................................................................................................12 Loendatavad nimisõnad Countable nouns.................................................................12
Eessõnad 7 Kesksõnad 8 Prefiksid ehk eesliited 8 Sufiksid ehk järelliited 9 Artikkel the pärisnimedega 10 Artikkel the geograafiliste nimedega 10 Artikkel a, an 10 Muu 11 Otsekõne Direct speech 11 Kaudkõne Reported speech 11 Kaudküsimused Reported questions 12 Passiiv Passive voice 12 Loendatavad nimisõnad Countable nouns 12 Loendamatud nimisõnad Uncountable nouns. 13 Mitmuse moodustamine 13 Siduvad asesõnad 14 Omastav kääne 14 Käskiv kõneviis 15
Kaudne kõne 1. Saatelause olevikus (he says that ...) Kõneleja juttu saab edasi anda otseselt (direct) ja kaudselt (reported). Otsene kõne: He says: "I am a man" Kaudne kõne: He says (that) he is a man. Kaudsel kõnel võivad muutuda asesõnad ja ka verbi pöördevormid. She tells me: ,,I like your dress." She tells me (that) she likes my dress. 2. Saatelause minevikus (he said that ...) Kui saatelause on minevikus, siis võivad samuti muutuda asesõnad ja verbi pöördevormid. Pane tähele! Oleviku vorm otseses kõnes muutub mineviku vormiks kaudses kõnes. am/is --- was are -- were do/does --- did want/like/know/go etc --- have/has had wanted/liked/knew/went etc will --- would can --- could wanted/liked --- had
I/we will ask I/we will not ask Will I ask? He/she/it will go He/she/it will not go Will he/she/it go? You/they will make You/they will not make Will we/you/they make? Pane tähele! Üldtuleviku moodustamiseks kasutatakse abiverbe will/shall. Traditsiooniliselt esineb shall ainsuse ja mitmuse 1. pöördes ( I, we ). Kaasaegses inglise keeles kasutatakse will kõigis pööretes ning shall, et küsida kellegi arvamust, kuid tendents on kasutada abiverbi will kõigis pööretes. Will/shalltuleviku asemel saab kasutada mitmetel juhtudel going totulevikku. Üldtulevik väljendab: · Ühekordset, korduvat või harjumuspärast tegevust tulevikus. I will meet John in the station. My birthday will come again. · Tegevust või situatsiooni, mis kestab tulevikus.
REPORTED SPEECH 1. Kui saatelause on olevikus, jäävad kaudkõnes ajavormid samaks. Muutuvad ainult asesõnad ja küsilausetes ka sõnajärg. He says,"I'm fifteen years old." He says he's fifteen years old. He asks me," Where did you live two years ago?" He asks me where I lived two years ago. 2. Kui saatelause on minevikus, muutuvad kaudkõnes lisaks asesõnadele ka asjavormid, mis nihkuvad mineviku suunas, ja ajamäärussõnad (today, this week, yesterday, last year) ning näitavad asesõnad (this, these). Küsilausetes lisanduvad kõigile neile muutustele ka veel ka sõnajärje muutused. Seega on küsilauseid minevikus kõige raskem kaudkõnesse panna. He said to me,"I was at home yesterday." He told me that he had been at home the previous day/ the day before. He asked me,"Where did you live two years ago?" He asked me where I had lived two years before. 3. Alati pole vaja ots
http://www.abiks.pri.ee Kaudkõne. Kui otsekõne pealause on minevikus (said, asked), Siis toimuvad kaudkõne kõrvallauses järgmised muutused; OTSEKÕNE KAUDKÕNE I pv. (go, goes) > II pv. (went) do/does + I pv. (eitav lause) > did + I pv. (do/does not go) > (did not go) do/does + I pv. (küsimus) > II pv. (do you go...?) > (if I went) II pv. (went) > had + III pv. (had gone) did + I pv. (did you go...
REPORTED SPEECH Jutustav lause olevikus Present Simple ---> Past Simple Present Continuous ----> Past Continuous Ann said ,,I am reading a book Ann said (that) she was reading a book Palved to + algvorm Tom said to me, ,,Find me her number, please!" Tom asked me to find him her number. Kelsie said to Lisa ,,Don't argue with me!" Kelsie told Lisa not to argue with her. Jutustav lause minevikus Past Simple --> Past Perfect (had + 3.pv) Present Perfect --> Past Perfect Past Continuous ---> had + been + ing Lynn said ,,I went to the cinema last night." Lynn said (that) she had gone to the cinema the night before. Ed said ,,I have finished the exercise." Ed said (that) he had finished the exercise. Kerri said ,,We were waiting for the bus." Kerri said (that) they had been waiting for the bus. AJAMÄÄRUSED T
Tests Superstar 1 Luke Prodromou Test 1 Name____________________ Class_______ Use your English 1 Complete these sentences using the correct form (present simple or present continuous) of the verb in brackets. _ 1 She is in a band and she _________________________________ (record) a CD at the moment. _ 2 She is an actress and often _________________________________ (appear) on television. _ 3 At the moment she _________________________________ (have) a rest because she is tired. _ 4 Mike is a doctor and he _________________________________ (live) in Manchester. _ 5 I _________________________________ (start) work at 8.30 every morning. _ 6 He is a good cook but she _________________________________ (prefer) to eat out. _ 7 English tests _________________________________ (get) more and more interesting. _ 8 They _________________________________ (have) a party because it's her birthday. _ 9 I sometimes ____________
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