A
semantic role is the underlying relationship that a participant has with the main verb in a clause .
Also known as: semantic case , thematic role, theta role (generative grammar ), and deep case (case grammar)
Example:
If, in
some real or imagined situation, someone named John purposely hits
someone named Bill , then John is the agent and Bill is the patient of
the hitting event. Therefore , the semantic role of Bill is the same (patient) in both of the following sentences :
John hit
Bill.
Bill was
hit by John.
In both
of the above sentences, John has the semantic role of agent.
Syntax-
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