Sentences 1) After his father's death Charles became withdrawn and was in complete denial for months. Pärast oma isa surma muutus Charles endassetõmbunuks ja oli kuid täielikus eituses. 2) Even months of persuation couldn't make Maria change her mind. Isegi kuude pikkune veenmine ei suutnud Maria meelt muuta. 3) Anna was desperate for recovering from chickenpox. Anna oli tuulerõugete vabanemisest meeleheitel. 4) It was hard for Maria to accept the boys' apology since they had scared her to death. Marial oli raske poiste vabandust vastu võtta, sest nad olid ta surnuks ehmatanud. 5) Ken made such a big deal out of the situation and it was hard for him to get over it. Ken tegi olukorras sääsest elevandi ning tal oli raske sellest üle saada. 6) After years of suffering under an eating disorder Maria's dietician helped her start eating healthy again. Pärast aastate pikkust söömishäire...
PASSIVE SENTENCES Active (subject+verb) Passive (object+verb) Present Simple Passive am/is/are + III PV She writes books. The books are written _________ Present Continuous Passive am/is/are + being + III PV She is writing a book. The book is being written.______ Present Perfect Passive Have/has + been + III PV She has written a book. The book has been written._____ Past Simple Passive was/were + III PV She wrote a book. The book was written._________ Past Continuous Passive was/were + being + III PV She was writing a book. The book was being written.____ Past Perfect Passive had + been + III PV She had written a book. The book had been written._____ Future Simple Passive will + be + III PV She will write a book. The book will be written.______ Future Perfe...
Conditionals Sentences with if are used to express possibilities. 0 Zero conditional If-clause present (past) simple Main clause present (past) simple Sometimes sentences with if express certainty rather than possibility. The zero conditional is used to talk about sth. that is always true (such as a scientific fact), or that was always true in the past. In this type of conditional we can use when instead of if. E.g., If/When you mix blue and red, you get purple. If/When you don't water flowers, they die. (present simple in both parts of the sentence) If/When I asked her to come with us, she always said no. (past simple in both parts of the sentence)
Conditional sentences tingiv kõneviis Type 0 (the zero conditional, the present condition) Kasutatakse selleks, et väljendada üldist tõde või teaduslikku fakti. Nende lausete puhul on võimalik kasutada sõna 'if' asemel sõna 'when.' If-clause main clause If /When + present simple, present simple If/ When you drop an egg, it breaks. Kui sa pillad muna maha, läheb see katki. If my sister eats too much, she gets fat. (See juhtub alati.) Kui mu õde sööb liiga palju, läheb ta paksuks. Type 1 (the first conditional, the will-condition) Kasutatakse selleks, et rääkida tõelisest või väga tõenäolisest olukorrast olevikus või tulevikus. If-cl main cl If + present simple, future simple, imperative, can/must/may etc + bare infinitive (verb) If my sister eats too much, she will get fat. (See on võimalik). Kui mu õde sööb liiga palju, läheb ta paksuks. · If + eitav verb / unless + jaa...
Tingimuslaused Tingimuslaused koosnevad kahest osast: If (tingimus), (tingimus realiseerub) kõrvallause pealause Inglise keeles on kolm tingimuslause tüüpi. 1. tüüp reaalne tingimus olevikus või tulevikus Tingimus (if) Tulemus Verb lihtolevikus, kestvas verb lihtolevikus või lihttulevikus olevikus või täisminevikus (do, is doing, have done) If she phones me, you will answer the phone. I will go there myself. she has to If he isn´t going, keep it. If she has given a promise, 2. tüüp ebareaalne tingimus olevikus või tulevikus Tingimus (if) Tulemus Verb lihtminevikus (did) Would/should+verb Pane tähele! Verb be on kõigis pööretes Could/might+verb were (I/you/he/we/they were) If she phoned me, you should answer the phone. If I were a bird, ...
Conditional Sentence Type 1 It is possible and also very likely that the condition will be fulfilled. Form: if + Simple Present, will-Future Example: If I find her address, I'll send her an invitation. Conditional Sentence Type 2 It is possible but very unlikely, that the condition will be fulfilled. Form: if + Simple Past, Conditional I (= would + Infinitive) Example: If I found her address, I would send her an invitation. Conditional Sentence Type 3 It is impossible that the condition will be fulfilled because it refers to the past. Form: if + Past Perfect, Conditional II (= would + have + Past Participle) Example: If I had found her address, I would have sent her an invitation. · You've posted my letters, haven't you? · You won't forget to check my emails, will you? · You're sad that I'm going, aren't you? · You aren't going to cry when I leave, are you? · You play tennis on Thursdays usuall...
Fill in IN, ON, AT: 1. Dave was born in September. 2. He was born on the 16th of May 3. We agreed to meet at half past four. 4. On Christmas we all went to see our grandmother. 5. Jennifer came to England in 1992. 6. It started to snow on New Year's Day. 7. The First World War ended in 1918. 8. She arrived in spring. 9. We met on Sunday afternoon last week. 10. Do you drive at night? 11. It's Bruce's birthday next Wednesday. 12. Dick and Mary got married in 1993 on the 10th of July. 13. At midnight we heard footsteps. 14. In the morning we went to school as usual. 15. This castle was built in the 15th century. 16. My brother is taking his driving test at 2 o'clock on the 4th of October. 17. Mr Froster doesn't go to office on Saturdays. 18. We'll see Ken tomorrow evening. 19. It happened last week. 20. Can you come to see me on Friday morning? 21. Ron and Laura were in Italy...
The house has been cleaned since you left. Past perfect: The house had been cleaned before their arrival. Future: The house will be cleaned next week. Future continuous: The house will be being cleaned tomorrow. 11. Conditional sentences: Three types of conditional sentences: 1.) First Conditional Type 1: if + present + future The first conditional (also called conditional type 1) is a structure used for talking about possibilities in the present or in the future. If I have time, I will travel to London Kui mul on aega, reisin ma Londonisse 2.) Second Conditional Type 2: if + past + conditional The second conditional (also called conditional type 2) is a structure used for talking about unreal
The Passive Voice Passive voice is used, when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, hovewer, who or what is performing the action. Passiivi kasutatakse siis, kui tegevust teostav isik on teadmata või tema mainimine ei ole oluline, või siis, kui tähelepanu on pööratud sellele, mida tehakse. Passiivi ajavormid moodustatakse abiverbi be pöördelistest vormidest vastavas ajas ja põhiverbi mineviku kesksõnast (III pv-past participle). BE vastav aeg+ Verbi III pv Tegevuse sooritaja näitamiseks kasutatakse eessõna by. Kui aktiivlause aluseks on asesõna (I, you, he, we, you, they, somebody...), siis jäetakse by- fraas ära. Aktiivlause muutmine passiivlauseks: 1. Leiame sihitise ja muudame ta aluseks. 2. Määrame öeldise ajavormi ja asendame ta passiivi vastava ajaga 3. Leiame aluse ja muudame ta eessõna by abil sihitiseks. Example: Jane baked a cake.-active sentence A cake was baked by Jane.-passive senten...
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Real conditions (Type I) These sentences describe what the speaker thinks will possibly happen as a result of a real situation. If you train hard, you will succeed in sport. If you don’t train hard, you won’t succeed in sport. We can also use modal verbs (can, may, must, should) instead of verbs in the main clause. If i have enough time, i can visit you. Unreal conditions (Type II) These sentences describe what the speaker thinks would possibly happen in an imaginary situation. If I saw a ghost, I would be scared. If I had wings, I could fly. We can give advice with If I were you. If I were you wouldn’t do that NOTE We normally use were instead of was in conditional sentences. I’d go to the cinema, if i weren’t so tired. Ekke Kaha WISHES
CLEANER - NANNY - DIRECTOR - SHOPASSISTANT - DOCTOR - PARSON - WRITER TEACHER - VET - SHOPKEEPER - SINGER - 2)Write five sentences about the professions (e.g. in your family, your future). 1) ______________________________________________________________ 2) ______________________________________________________________ 3) ______________________________________________________________ 4) ______________________________________________________________ 5) ______________________________________________________________
Kärt Laine Form 12 MUSIC 1. What is the role of music in your life? Music has a very important role in my life. I like to sing. I listen to music every day. Music helps me get rid of the tensions. If I have a bad mood, I listen to music louder, than usual. I love music. 2. Speak about some Estonian musicians (5-6 sentences) Liis Lemsalu is an Estonian singer. She was born on 20 October 1992 in Tallinn, Estonia. She rose to fame as the winner of the fourth season of Eesti otsib superstaari , the Estonian version of Idol series. She was then signed to Universal Music Group. After winning the show, Liis went on tour with other participants of Eesti otsib superstaari and released a single "Kõnnime seda teed" together wit...
Word Order Table of Contents Types of Sentences ..................................................................................2 Parts of the Sentence ..............................................................................2 Word Order in Affirmative Sentences ...................................................3 Position of Adverbs of Frequency .........................................................5 Word Order in Negative Sentences......................................................6 Word Order in General Questions.........................................................7 Word Order in Special Questions ..........................................................8 Word Order in Subject Questions ................................................
Use the Present Simple: with state verbs. to talk about situations in life that last a relatively long time. when an event is certain to happen in the future. to talk about events that we can't change (for example, an official meeting or a train departure). The Present Simple is also used in narrations (e.g. to tell a story or a joke), instructions (e.g. cooking) or commentaries (especially sport commentaries) Declarative Sentences: Subject Verb (present form) e.g. he, she, a dog, etc. + e.g. go, make, have, etc. Questions: DO/DOES Subject Verb (present form) + e.g. he, she, a dog, etc. + e.g. go, make, have, etc. Negative Sentences: Subject DO/DOES Verb (present form) e.g. he, she, a dog, etc
Grammar point Made by Nikolai Hodosevich Conditional mood The conditional mood is the form of the verb used in conditional sentences to refer to a hypothetical state of affairs. Conditional verb forms can also have temporal uses, often for expressing "future in the past" tense. Condition sentences are often entered with conjunction IF Real events Structure: Additional clause Present Indefinite Main clause Future Indefinite If I have a lot of money, I will buy a car , Almost unreal events *In additional and main clauses usually use Subjunctive I and II *When you translate into Russian these sentences, you should use conjunction
Tests Superstar 1 Luke Prodromou Test 1 Name____________________ Class_______ Use your English 1 Complete these sentences using the correct form (present simple or present continuous) of the verb in brackets. _ 1 She is in a band and she _________________________________ (record) a CD at the moment. _ 2 She is an actress and often _________________________________ (appear) on television. _ 3 At the moment she _________________________________ (have) a rest because she is tired. _ 4 Mike is a doctor and he _________________________________ (live) in Manchester.
2) a / my / to / written / I / mother / already / letter / long / have 3) the / watch / often / they / TV / in / evening 4) the / gave / my / for / this / umbrella / is / that / Sally / me / my / birthday 5) particular / nothing / have / at / tell / you / to / moment / the 4. Give the comparative and the superlative of the following adjectives: ( 5 points ) e.g. tall taller the tallest lucky difficult soft good interesting 5. Put these sentences into the Reported Speech. ( 5 points ) e.g. She said:"I will call you from London." She said that she would call me from London. 1) Eric said:"Jack has gone out." 2) Frank said:"The car is waiting at the front door." 3) Tommy asked:"Is there anybody at home?" 4) I asked my friend:"Why do you come so late?" 5) Jane said:"Think before you answer!" 6. Use the correct Prepositions. ( 20 points ) 1) Jane started learning English two years........ 2) ......
When I sit down with my laptop to write an essay I look at the word processing screen and all I see is how much I haven't written and how much I have left to write. The task in front of me becomes more daunting and frustrating. I feel like when I write on the computer my words are chosen to simply fill a page. Handwriting provides an escape from the looming word counts and page numbers. We discussed in class how writing by hand forces you to think out your sentences and chose your words more carefully. I agree that while typing we simply type whatever comes to mind and completely. This creates less don't think through our ideas effective points and poorer results. A main problem I notice when I write essays on my laptop, is all of the distractions that come along with using the computer. I have music and internet at my fingertips and this can dramatically change the quality of writing. With the ability to distract yourself with
Test 18 Vastused 1 Complete the sentences Piglets rooster horn calf prick up poultry farm prey 2. Write sentences using the infromation in the table 1 Mary likes isce crem ,singing and tsavelling Tom likes ice crem ,stories about animals and travelling Mary dosent like stories about animals and watching cartoons They both ice crem ang travelling Neither of them watching cartoons 3. Write in the plural calf-calves ox- oxes sheep- sheep deer-deer mouse-mice knife-knives tooth-teeth child children wolf-wolves 4.Reed the story .Write T or F to the statements F T F T F T T F
I bought a new car. new car. Future Simple FutureinthePast He said (that) he would go to the I will go to the cinema. cinema. Present Perfect Past Perfect I've been to France three He said (that) he had been to times. France three times. Read the sentences and turn them in the indirect form. 1. Ralph said, "We have been in the mountains this summer." 2. "We were very happy to spend the weekend at the seaside," said Donald. 3. "We have left the school," said the children. 4. "In 1991 I entered Oxford University," said Henry. Modal Verbs can could I can swim under He said (that) he could water for two minutes. swim under water for two
information is given about the problem that is going to be discussed. The angle from which the problem is going to be looked upon in the essay is also stated. In longer essays these are in different paragraphs, in shorter ones they can be in one paragraph. The body of the essay usually consists of several paragraphs, the number of which depends on the length of the essay. Each paragraph should begin with a topic sentence. The following sentences should enlarge on the theme, give examples, etc. If it is an essay discussing the advantages and disadvantages of something, the advantages should be grouped together and so should be the disadvantages. One paragraph should only talk about one thing, aspect, etc. If a new thought begins, a new paragraph should be started, too. In essays that express the writer's opinion mainly, one paragraph (usually the last one before the conclusion) should be reserved for the opposing viewpoint.
CONDITIONALS 0 or 1? TYPE 0 ZERO CONDITIONAL In 'zero' conditional sentences, the tense in both parts of the sentence is the simple 'IF' CLAUSE (CONDITION present: ZERO CONDITIONAL (TYPE 0) 'IF' CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE (CONDITION) (RESULT) If + simple present If + simple present If you heat ice, it melts. If it rains, you get wet TYPE 0 'IF' CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE (CONDITION) (RESULT) If + simple present If + simple present If plants don't get they die. enough water,
A widespread idea about meaning is that words and more complex lin- guistic expressions have their meanings by standing for things in the world. Though commonsensical and at first attractive, this Referential Theory of meaning is fairly easily shown to be inadequate. For one thing, comparatively few words do actually stand for things in the world. For another, if all words were like proper names, serving just to pick out individual things, we would not be able to form grammatical sentences in the first place. Meaning and understanding Not many people know that, in 1931, Adolf Hitler made a visit to the United States, in the course of which he did some sightseeing, had a brief affair with a lady named Maxine in Keokuk, Iowa, tried peyote (which caused him to hal- lucinate hordes of frogs and toads wearing little boots and singing the Horst Wessel Lied), infiltrated a munitions plant near Detroit, met secretly with
SYNTACTIC STYLISTIC DEVICES SYNTACTIC STYLISTIC DEVICES are based on a peculiar place of the word or phrase in the utterance (text, sentence, etc).This special place creates emphasis irrespective of the lexical meaning of the words used. Categories: syntactic stylistic devises based on: SDD: based on ABSENCE OF LOGICALLY REQUIRED ELEMENTS OF SPEECH ELLIPSIS ELLIPSIS or ELLIPTICAL SENTENCES means leaving out one or both principle members of the sentence that is the subject or predicate. NT: Where is the man I'm going to marry? - Out in the garden. (no subject) What is he doing out there? - Annoying father. Here, in the dialogue, ellipsis creates the colloquial tone of the utterance. It also renders realistically the way the characters speak. The elliptical sentences convoy/render carelessness, familiarity, harshness. It makes the
.................................................... His exam results were fantastic but he says they were OK. I think he is level-headed and modest She always thinks about other people before herself. I think she is generous. My uncle always brings us expensive gifts for holidays. I think he is rich and generous He is never willing to listen to others or accept new ideas. I think he ise narrow-minded. 2. Underline the correct word to complete the sentences. * The children have been as good as silk / gold all morning. * After the divorce Clare felt as free as a bird / bee. * Stories about fairies and dwarfs are as old as ABC / the hills. * You have to be as quiet as a bat / mouse or you wake our baby up. * You should eat more. You are as thin as a feather / a rake! 3. Complete the sentences with the correct past tense of the verbs. Helen had(have) a shower, brushed(brush) her teeth and went( go) to bed.
.. (1 get) as a birthday present. As I ... --- 5 (2 want) to look cool riding up to the front steps, I ... (3 put) on my new skirt. When I ... (4 reach) the school, I ... (5 make) a big mistake and ... (6 smile) at my friends instead of watching where I was going. While I ... (7 wave) at my best friend, I couldn't brake, and I ... (8 hit) the steps. I ... (9 fail) off my bike and ... (10 tear) my skirt. What a great start to the new year! 4. Write the sentences. 1 fifteen the off in I'm minutes to cinema I'm off to the cinema in fifteen minutes. 2 was mum up the between tension and building me my The tention was building up between my mum and me. 3 of top the photograph chest on there of was a drawers There was a photograph on top of the chest of drawers. 4 the bike a idea she upon hiring hit of The hit upon an idea of hiring a bike 5 she with were up when filled her tears stood eyes My alarm went off alarm quarter to five.
Test Unit 14 1. Translate. 1)täielikult kaduma - disappear wholly 2)haiguste käes kannatama - suffer from illnesses 3)Ameerika põliselanike hõimud - Native Americans tribes 4)Ameerikat avastama - discover America 5)ametlik keel - official language 6)orjusele lõppu tegema - make end slavery 7)traditsioone ja kultuuri hoidma - hold traditions and culture 8)immigrantide arv - number of immigrants 2. Complete the sentences. 1)The capital of Norway is Oslo. 2)Pirjo lives in Finland and she speaks Finnish. 3)Michail comes from Moscow. He speaks Russian. 4)What nationality are you? I'm Estonian. 5)The Dutch live in Holland. 6)Uwe's grandparents live in Germany. They speak German. 7)Michael comes from Australia. He speaks Australian. 8)Eve lives in Ireland and loves Irish music. 3. Write in reported speech. 1)The teacher asks what the capital of Latvia is. 2)Mary wants to know how many sisters I have got.
Exercises on reported speech Complete the sentences in reported speech. Note the change of pronouns and tenses. 1. "Where is my umbrella?" she asked. → She asked 2. "How are you?" Martin asked us. → Martin asked us 3. He asked, "Do I have to do it?" → He asked 4. "Where have you been?" the mother asked her daughter. → The mother asked her daughter 5. "Which dress do you like best?" she asked her boyfriend. → She asked her boyfriend 6. "What are they doing?" she asked. → She wanted to know 7. "Are you going to the cinema?" he asked me. → He wanted to know 8. The teacher asked, "Who speaks English?" → The teacher wanted to know 9. "How do you know that?" she asked me. → She asked me 10. "Has Caron talked to Kevin?" my friend asked me. → My friend asked me Complete the sentences in reported speech using introductory verbs. 1...
(meet; wear) 3 Larry's not here, he is digging in the garden behind the house. (dig) 4 It's really hot today, I think there will be a thunderstorm soon. (be) 5 I think I will spend my next summer holidays at my granny's in Pärnu. (spend) 6 Jane always cathes a bus to school. (catch) 7 Jack is not at home. He has gone for a walk. He will return in an hour. (go; return) 8 I have known Mary for two years. She is my best friend now. 3 Make up sentences. 1 airport / at / Tom / arrived / the / two / at Tom arrived at the airport at two. 2 usually / home / husband / at / comes / her / six Her husbant usually comes home at six. 3 since / we / seen / other / each / haven't / August We haven 't seen each other since August. 4 the / sky / dark / in / look / clouds / at / the / - it's / rain / going / be Look at the dark clouds in the sky - it's going to rain. 5 visited / the / did / when / you / any / Disney / amusement / characters / you /
or How many? How many? a little no/none a few a bit (of) not any a number (of) some (any) several a great deal of a lot of a large number of a large amount of plenty of a great number of a large quantity of lots of a majority of Some is used in positive sentences. Any is used in negative sentences. The following quantifiers will work with count nouns: many trees a few trees few trees several trees a couple of trees none of the trees The following quantifiers will work with non-count nouns: not much dancing a little dancing little dancing a bit of dancing a good deal of dancing a great deal of dancing no dancing The following quantifiers will work with both count and non-count nouns:
Discussion 1 Although Text 25 is not impossible to read, Text 26 is far easier. This is because in Text 26 the writer uses linking words moreover, however, consequently, although, therefore, alternatively to indicate the relationship between the ideas in the text. This makes it far easier for the reader to follow the writer's line of thought, or argument. Did you, for example, immediately realise that the last two sentences were alternative proposals when you read Text 25? If the writer's line of thought is not made clear to the reader in this way, there is a much greater chance that the reader will misunderstand the meaning that the writer intends. These linking words are therefore extremely important. Note that connectives may be grouped in two different ways. Firstly, they can be grouped according to meaning
Few customers have come to the shop. It has been very quiet. (= the sales were low!) Tom has made little progress. (= so sad!) Few and little can be used with very for emphasis: There were very few people at the supermarket. There is very little milk left. I’ll go and buy some. A lot of/lots of – much/many A lot of and lots of are used with both plural countable and uncountable nouns. They are normally used in affirmative sentences. The of is omitted when a lot is not followed by a noun: There are a lot/lots of oranges in the fridge. I can make some juice. He laughs a lot. Much and many are usually used in negative sentences or in questions. Much is used with uncountable nouns and many is used with plural countable nouns: There aren’t many parks in the centre of the city. Did you spend much money at the supermarket? 5
psychologist. 6) Ma olen sageli masenduses ja puhkem nutma I often feel depressed and burst into tears. 7) Tim oli kaua aega haiglas ja seetõttu jäi õppimisega maha -Tim was in a hospital for long time and fell behind with his stunding . 8) Kas satahaksid külastada uut lõbustusparki ? - Would you like the visit the new amusement arcade ? Complete the sentences with the verbs in the correct form. It wasn't easy to talk my brother into coming to the beach with ud but he finally agreed. I can't stand walking int the rain Liz felt like bursting into tears when she found out that her frined had lied to her. I'ts nor worth dealing with that problem Jake wanted to convince me to take up scuba diving but i didn't feel like trying it . You seem to be worried.I think you should ask someone for advise .
Can I help you? 3 Kas teil on seda punast dressipluusi M suurusele? Do you have this red sweatshirt in size M? 4 Kus ma saan seda proovida? Where can I tray it on? 5 Siin on teie tsekk ja raha tagasi. Here is your receipt and your change. 6 Majapidamistarvete osakond asub teisel korrusel ekskalaatorite kõrval. The homeware department is on the first floor, next to escalators. 7 kasutatud asju ostma buy second-hand 8 piinlik juhtum embarrassing incident 2 Complete the sentences. Use much, many, a lot of. 1 Is there much snow in the garden? 2 I´m going shopping. How much bread do you need? 3 Look at the lake! I´ve never seen so many swans before. 4 I´m really upset. I made very many mistakes in my maths test. 5 We can go to the cinema tonight. I don´t have much homework for tomorrow. 6 Why is there so much noise in the garden? What are the children doing there? 7 There is a lot of soup left. We can have it for dinner tomorrow.
At Mrs. Higgins's home Why is Mrs. Higgins not happy to see her son? Because Higgins offended all her friends and she wasn't happy about it. Why has Higgins invited Eliza to his mother's place? She wants to present her to her mother and the Who had Mrs Higgins invited to visit her? Miss Eynsford Hill, Mrs. Eynsford Hill, Freddy, Colonel Pickering. How does Higgins use the word ,,dickens". Quote his use of the word in different sentences and explain it's meaning. He uses the word in sentences like "Cynical! Who the dickens said it was cynical? I mean it wouldn't be decent." and ,,What the dickens has happened to you?" He uses the word instead of a swearing word. Comment on Eliza's behaviour at the meeting.(Do it in about 4 sentences) Eliza is speaking very properly and is polite. She is answering the questions that are asked from her with very long sentences. But she is also saying things that are not necessary. What is Freddy's attitude towards Liza? Freddy is giggling at her.
,,Water for Elephants" 1. Title, authot, year. ,,Water for Elephants", Sara Gruen, 2006. 2. What genre it is? It is historical novel. 3. What is the event that starts the story? The story begins as old Jacob Jankowski goes back to his memories and tells the tales of his youth. 4. The story on three sentences. Jankowski's life takes a full 180, when his parents die in a car accident. He turns his back on his former life and jumps on the first passing train,which belongs to the Benzini Brothers' Most Spectacular Show on Earth circus. His life after that is full of success, but also tragedy, which is caused by a forbidden love against his bosses wife. 5. What is the conflict in the story?
Test 14 1 Translate. 1 arstiabi puudumine lack of medical care 2 haiguste käes kannatama suffer from illnesses 3 saksa päritolu of german descent 4 Ameerikat avastama discover America 5 ametlik keel official language 6 orjusele lõppu tegema put an end to slavery 7 oma traditsioone ja kultuuri säilitama keep your traditions and culture 8 immigrantide arv the number of immigrants 2 Complete the sentences with the names of countries, nationalities, and languages. 1 The capital of Norway is Oslo. 2 Kevin lives in Chicago. He is American. 3 Michail comes from Moscow. He speaks Russian. 4 What nationality are you? I´m Estonian. 5 The descendants of the Africans brought to America are called settlers. 6 Uwe´s grandparents live in Germany. They speak German. 7 Michael comes from Australia. He speaks Australian English. 8 Eve lives in Ireland. She speaks English and Irish.
PASSIVE VOICE TEST FOR FORM 10 NAME: Task 1. Turn active voice sentences into passive voice. Only keep the agent (by phrase= where absolutely necessary. Please remember that tense form (tegusõna aeg) should remain the same when the sentence is transformed into passive. E.g. Chimps eat bananas (Present Simple Active) Bananas are eaten by chimps. (Present Simple Passive) They were playing the piano. (Past Continuous Active) Piano was being played. (Past Continuous Passive) 1. They will finish the house next month. 2
influenced by Chinese developed in 17th century in China Began to decline during the 19th century, when standard English began to be taught in schools Chinese Pidgin English Some characteristics: Based on a vocabulary of 700 English words Grammar and syntax are simple and positional (grammatical categories are indicated by the position of words in a sentence) Lack of plural personal pronouns Chinese Pidgin English Example sentences: Hab gat rening kum daun (Have got raining come down) “There is rain coming down” Tumoro mai no kan kum (Tomorrow my no can come) “Tomorrow I can't come” Mai no hab kachi basket (My no have catch basket) “I didn't bring a basket” Creole language a natural language developed by mixing two parent laguages arose as the result of European maritime power Vocabulary mostly supplied by the parent language
taskbook-unit-1-a---classroom-dynamics.pdf accessed 27.12.2012 III Language teaching methods. · (Traditional: the grammar-translation method/ classical method.) · Traditional: the direct method Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XiQvG-fvzLM Kids lesson (direct method) Language is primarily speech Reading skills are developed through practice with speaking Realia is used to convey the meaning Demonstration instead of translation or explanation Complete sentences instead of vocabulary lists The purpose of language learning is communication Pronunciation Self correction The goals of the teacher are communication, demonstration instead of translation (the teacher used pictures and pointed to yourself....), they studied complete sentences. It is a teacher-centred method. (T. was the leader, asked questions). The teacher and students were sociable and easy-going. Students´ presentations were approved for several times
We use present continuous For actions that we have already arranged to do in the near future, especially when the time has been decided. I’m coming back next Monday. What are you doing tomorrow evening? We use present simple For events that always happen at certain time, or are part of timetable. The supermarket closes at 9 p.m. His plane arrives at four o’clock tomorrow afternoon. After if in conditional sentences (type I). If you leave home at 7.30, you will be on time. Ekke Kaha
Complete the sentences. was, were, wasn´t, weren´t 1. Ella and Emily weren´t at school yesterday. They were both ill. 2. Jim wasn´t at home yesterday. He was at his granny. 3. It was a long race. We were all tired. 4. My grandfather wasn´t born in a small village. 5. I was late for school this morning. I was so unhappy. 6. I was ill last weekend. Now i´m well. 7. Where were you born? 8. Today Katie room is tidy, but yesterday her things was all over the floor.
1) Last year I visited...........Mexico and..............United States. 2) Next year we are going skiing in.................Swiss Alps.3) .............Seychelles are a group of islands in...........Indian Ocean. 4) ................United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 5) ..............Chicago is on...............Lake Michigan. 6) The highest mountain in Africa is.............Kilimanjaro. 7) ...............River Pärnu flows into...........Baltic Sea. 5. Complete the sentences with modal verbs.(10 p) 1) I....................ask you to help me later. 2) I think you...................try to relax more. 3) Tell Mark he...................tidy his room at once. 4) ....................you translate this for me? 5)......................we stay in one place or travel around? 6) I promise I ....................study hard. 7) You ......................wash my jeans after you borrowed them. 8) The phone is ringing. I ......................answer it. 9) He .................
... road .... same .... ninety .... post .... eigthy .... dive .... hold .... station .... five .... note .... hey .... over oak lace 3. Write the sentences. there are four banners on the wall . ...... there are thirty days in September . ..... there is an angry tiger in the cage .... there is a little chair in the living room .....
Broadly, there are three aspects to the study which are Pragmatics (studies the use of language → interested in the gap between the sentence’s meaning and the speaker’s meaning). Semantics (concerned with the meaning of the language aspects and the way they change, also how objects and language and thinking and language are related). Syntax (concerned with the rules [grammar] and how sentences and words are formed). Synchronic approach to language → A focus in language study on how language exists in one moment in time, not at how this language came to be the way it is now. Example Estonian in the 21st century. Diachronic approach to language → A focus in language study on how a language has changed over some period of time. In a way it is comparing language to what it was and how it is now. For example comparing 18th century and 19th century Estonian.
I love english 5 Revision Unit 11 1) Vocabulary 1. Who is the patron saint of Scotland? 2. A clan is a large group of related familys. 3. The Scots are proud of their national costume. 4. There are heather moors, moutains and lochs in Scotland. 5. Do you belive that there is a monster in Loch Ness? 6. We saw many sheeps on the hillside. 7. An indrustial centre. 2) Make sentences 1. LAKE / POND long/big/sweet/deep/high A lake is deeper than a pond. 2. MOUNTAIN/HILL A mountain is higher than a hill. 3. SCOTLAND/WALES Scotland is bigger than Wales. 4. NOVEL/SHORT STORY A novel is longer than a short story 3) Reported speech Said to -› told ,,I,, -› II II -› had+ III 4) Reading
Simple Present A: He speaks. never, normally, N: He does not speak. taking place once, never or often, seldom, Q: Does he speak? several times sometimes, usually if sentences type I facts (If I talk, ...) actions taking place one after another action set by a
to question 4 is `yes'. 1. Der junge Mann (m) bringt seine kleine Katze (f) mit. 4. Welches deutsche Buch (n) kaufst du? 2. Wir haben eine elegante Frau (f) im Saal gesehen. 5. Wo ist der letzte Brief (m) von Hans? 3. Jedes kleine Kind (n) kennt das Märchen 6. Die nette Frau (f) hat das `Rumpelstilzchen'. rote Hemd (n) gekauft. F. Gemischt! In the mixed sentences below, you'll need to determine for yourself which question applies. Remember to follow the flow chart in order! 1. Wir verkaufen unser altes Haus (n). 10. Frisches Brot (n) schmeckt sehr gut. 2. Kennst du einen guten Mechaniker (m)? 11. Fritz kommt aus einer kleinen Stadt (f). 3. Sandra spricht mit jeder freundlichen Person (f). 12. Ich kaufe sein schönes Auto (n). 4. Erik ist ein guter Freund (m) von mir. 13
course. They say something about the situation described in the whole sentence. Fortunately, the weather stayed fine. We’ll probably have to wait for another bus. This one is full. I certainly didn’t expect such a beautiful present! He was late, of course. 3 Position of Adverbs Adverbs of Manner normally come 1. 1) at the end of a statement: Since then I have answered all the letters personally. 2) in shorter sentences they can stand in front of the verb: He quietly shut the door. 3) but after the verb to be Mary is frequently late. 2. before Adjectives and other Adverbs: reasonably cheap (adverb + adjective) terribly sorry (adverb + adjective) incredibly quickly (adverb + adverb) It’s a reasonably cheap restaurant and the food is extremely good. I’m terribly sorry. I didn’t want to hurt you. Maria learns languages incredibly quickly. 3
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