Geoffrey Chaucer 13431400 · Son of a wealthy London wine merchant. · Served as a page in the royal household while in his early teens. · Was married to on of the Queen's ladiesinwaiting Philippa Roet. · Worked as the Controller of Customs in London, Justice of Peace in Kent and Clerk of the King's Works. · Was buried in Westminster Abbey. Chaucer's poetry Poetry generally divided into three periods: 1. The French period: "The Romance of the Rose" 2. The Italian period "Troilus and Criseyde" 3. The English Period "The Canterbury Tales" Chaucer's works are written in Middle English of London in The 1300s. "The Canterbury Tales": · He planned to write 120 tales but managed only 20. · They travel one ...
When and where was he born? He was born somewhere around 1343 in London. What occupations did he have during his life? He was trained for knighthood, he also worked as a courtier, a diplomat, and a civil servant, as well as working for the king, collecting and inventorying scrap metal How many periods are his works divided into? What are they called? What are the main works of each period? What/who are they inspired by? His poetry is generally divided into three periods the French period ("The romance of the rose"), the Italian period ("Troilus and Criseyde", inspired by his own trip to Italy) and the English period ("The Canterbury Tales") What type of a work is The Canterbury Tales ? Poetry (two tales are in prose: the Tale of Melibee and the Parson's Tale) When did Chaucer die? Where is he buried? He is believe...
Essay based on ,,The General Prologue" by G. Chaucer Geoffrey Chaucer wrote The Canterbury tales at the end of the 14th century. It is a collection of stories where a group of pilgrims have a storytelling contest. All of them are on their way from Southwark to visit the shrine of a holy martyr who had brought health to them when they were ill. Chaucer joined the twenty nine of them in a tavern and started to talk to them. They quickly became friends and then there were thirty. All of the stories and very different characters create a body to the story, which depicts the picture of the English society at that time. Chaucer depicts the knight as a typical hero. In my opinion he is making fun of him because he exaggerates describing his very polite manners and love for chivalry. He says that the knight had fought bravely for their country, was honest, polite and wise and had never in his life lost a battle....
THE ANGLO-SAXON PERIOD English literature came when the Angles, the Saxons, the Jutes and the Frisians invaded Britain. During this time English was called Anglo- Saxon or Old English. In the chronicles of Roman history (composed in Latin) is said that Britain makes its first appearance in written language when Romans invade the England. BEOWULF most important poem, surviving in a 10th-cent manuscript. The historical period of the poem's events can be dated in the 6th to 8th century. Much of the material of the poem is legendary and paralleled in other Germanic historical-mythological literature in Norse, Old English, and German. GEOFFREY CHAUCER (1340-1400) Politician and writer, fought in France during the 100 years war. He visited Genoa and Florence where he became acquainted with Italian literature and in particular with the works of Dante, Petrarch and Boccaccio. The French period (up to 1370). early works were ba...
Boccaccio ,,Dekameron" e 10 päeva lood 1349- Geoffrey Chaucer ,,Canterbury Marguerite de Navarre 1353 lood" 1327 ,,Heptameron" 1359 Allikas ja Dante ,,Jumalik komöödia"; itaaliakeelne Rüütlikirjanduse süzeed Eeskuju: ,,Decameron". Novellid eeskuju anonüümne rahvajuttude kogumik ,,Novellino" e (parodeeris); prantsuse põhinevad tõenäoliselt Francois I ,,Sada vana novelli"; keskaja ladinakeelsed ,,Rebaseromaan"; Dante ,,Põrgu"; ja Navarra õukonna juhtumistel. jutukogud; idamaised allegooriad ja valmid; ,,Decameron"; fabliood, leed, Kasutab lugusid, millele on ise prantsuse hiliskeskaja jutukesed; kohalikud loomavalmid, pila, miraaklid, tunnistajaks olnud või ...
Outstanding figures in British literature Eva Martina Põder 11.b British literature Refers to all literature produced by British authors from the United Kingdom, which includes England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, Wales, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man Includes early works written in Gaelic, Welsh, and Latin, works in Old, Middle, and Modern English, each of which represents a different period Full of great works British works in Latin Venerable Bede He lived between 673 and 735 AD The greatest of all the AngloSaxon scholars He's the earliest English historian, whose work has shed light on a period of English history that would have otherwise been unknown ,,The Father of English History" Wrote / translated about 40 books on almost every area of knowledge, i.e. nature, astronomy, and poetry His best known work is "The Ecclesiastical History of the English People" Starting with the Roman invasion in the 5th century, he...
1.Who were the Normans and what did they bring with them? The normans were the people who in the 10th and 11th centuries gave their name to Normandy, a region in France. 2.How long did the Norman period last in the British Isles? 1066-1154 3.How did the Norman Conquest take place and what were the events leading to this? Edward the Confessor died and the throne was seized by his leading aristocrat, Harold Godwinson, who was crowned. Almost immediately, Harold faced two invasions - one from the king of Norway, Harald Hardrada, who was supported by Harold Godwinson's brother Tostig, and the other from William, Duke of Normandy. Harold defeated the Norwegian invasion at the Battle of Stamford Bridge in September 1066, but he was defeated and killed shortly afterwards at the Battle of Hastings. The victorious William claimed the throne. 4.What is Domesday book all about ? William the Conqueror started recording England, because he wanted...
Medieval literature Religious literature- mostly written in church languages(Latin, Greek, Old Slavic) Secular literature- written in vernacular languages as well 6th -15th century Anonymity Religious writing Liturgical writing-hymns, psalms Theological writing-aquinas, abelard etc Religious poetry Mystery plays-reenactment of bible stories Secular writing Troubadour writing:"courtly love", romance Epic poem(song of roland) Travel writing History writing-chronicles Allegory The use of symbols and analogy to convey a certain meaning /message Literary output of medieval English Anglo-saxon or Old English literature(7th century-1066) Middle english literature(12th century-15th century) End of the period:1470s chancery standard(regulating english) and onset of renaissance Middle English literature Written in many dialects in early period 14th century Middle english was used for majority literary works...
Valentine's Day Saint Valentine's Day is an annual holiday held on February 14 celebrating love and affection between intimate companions.The holiday is named after one or more early Christian martyrs named Valentine and was established by Pope Gelasius I in 496 AD. It is traditionally a day on which lovers express their love for each other by presenting flowers, offering confectionery, and sending greeting cards .. The holiday first became associated with romantic love in the circle of Geoffrey Chaucer in the High Middle Ages, when the tradition of courtly love flourished.hModern Valentine's Day symbols include the heart-shaped outline, doves, and the figure of the winged Cupid. Since the 19th century, handwritten valentines have largely given way to mass-produced greeting cards.The sending of Valentines was a fashion in nineteenth- century Great Britain, and, in 1847, Esther Howland develope...
The Medieval period The Middle Ages began in 1066, when the Normans defeated Anglo-saxons at the Battle of Hastings. Now England had a Norman king William the Conquer. Norman kings ruled in England less than 100 years, during that time Normans brought England closer to the mainstream of European society. William introduced the feudalism. Under it, land was divided among noble overlords, or barons. Knights pledged their wealth and services to the overlords. In return overlords let them use their land. At the lowest end of the social scale were the serfs, peasants bound to the land. In 1154 the Norman time was at the end. In 1154 Henry II started to reign. Henry II was the king who increased royal power at the expense of nobles. His desire to control the Roman Catholic Church in England led to the murder of T. Becket. Richard I has become a model of a true knight. John(Richards brother) gained a weak, even villainous ruler. 1215 he signe...
Kas arvutiajastu hävitab raamatu? Mida arvate teie, kas selline raamatute elimineerimine juhtub? Äkki põhjendate? Praegusel ajal levib aina enam dokumentide, raamatute ja teise kirjateoste digitaliseerimine. Minule see idee väga ei meeldi. Näiteks digiretseptid ei tööta vahepeal. Kahjuks hävitab arvuti koos inernetiga järjest rohkem kirajandust, kuid seda täielikult hävitada on pea võimatu ja minule mõeldamatu. Raamatud on väga vajalikud ajaloo allikad. Olgu tegu jutu- või teadusraamatuga ei tohiks need kunagi kaduda. Raamatutes on tarkusi mida arvutist või internetist kunagi ei leia. Raamatuid tuleb lugeda, sest need arendavad sõnavara. Õppides uusi sõnu ja väljendeid muutub minu keel ilmekamaks ja isikupärasemaks. Kõigile meeldib kuulata huvitava sõnavaraga inimest. Internet ,vastupidiselt raamatutele, risustab keelt. Samas on raamatud huvitavad ning heaks ajaviiteks muidugi juhul kui tegu on minule meeldiv...
The British Who are they? The British are world famous on almost all walks of life. Their culture is rich and varied. Theatre The British have a tradition of theatre. Long, long time ago the culture of theatre was introduced from Europe to the British by the Romans. Many auditoriums were constructed across the country. The most famous British playwright is obviously William Shakespeare. He lived from 1564 to 1616. During that time he wrote about 40 plays, which are still played and used in today's theatre. His plays are performed more often than those of any other playwright. The first professional woman playwright was Aphra Behn. Nowadays there are not so many world famous dramatists in England but the memory of William Shakespeare and many others has preserved until today. Important modern playwrights include Alan Ayckbourn, John Osborne, Harold Pinter, Tom Stoppard, and Arnold Wesker. Music Many British music composers have ma...
A weekend in London Made by .... 6.d klass We will stay at the fabulous 5 Star Athenaeum Hotel in Mayfair which is close to Green Park and Buckingham Palace. It's creative and friendly. There are the colossal Living Wall and the beautifully refurbished spa and gym downstairs. There are also floor to ceiling windows, flat screen TV and complimentary mini bar soft drinks and snacks. Saturday At first we will go visit Buckingham Palace which is the official London residence and principal workplace of the British monarch. We would also like to see the nearby park where are a lot of birds and squirrels. Then we would like to see the river Thames and the Big Ben. Just a short walk from the Thames is situated Westminster Abbey which is a significant building in British history. This beautiful gothic church is a UNESCO World Heritage. Kings, Queens, statesmen, aristocrats, poets, priests, heroes and villains are all part of the church's fas...
Renessanss Dante Alighieri" Jumalik komöödia" on keskaegse euroopa kirjanduse vaieldamatult kõige tuntum teos. Kitsamast vaatenurgast on ta ühtlasi itaalia kirjanduse (ja kirjakeele) vundament ning keskaegse teoloogia kõige eredam kirjanduslik illustratsioon. Giovanni Boccaccio Sündis Toscanas, kasvas üles Firenzes. Kolis Napolisse. Ta määrati panka õpipoisiks. Talle pangandus ei meeldinud ja läks õppima õigusteadust. Decameroni kirjutamist alustas 1349. aastal. Ta räägin oma novellides inimeste pattudest ja nõrkustest, ülistab armastust ja rõõmu, imetleb teravat mõistust, pilkab rumalust ja silmakirjalikkust. Ükski novell ei puuduta otseselt ühiskondlikke, poliitilisi, religioosseid ega filosoofilisi teemasid. Räägib armuihast, armukadedusest, abielurikkumisest jms. Francesco Petrarca oli Itaalia humanismi suurkuju, silmapaistev poeet, teadlane. Õppis koolis õigusteadust. Huvitus teiste kirjanike loomingust. A...
Kordamine renessansi kontrolltööks 1. Renessanss. - Sõna ,,renessanss" tähendab taassündi, antiikkultuuri taaselustamist. Sai alguse Lääne-Euroopas XIV-XVII sajandil. See murranguline pööre looduse, loomulikkuse, ratsionaalsete teadmiste ning vabamate inimsuhete poole tähistab ühtlasi uusaja algust. Humanism tähendab antiikkultuuri uurimist ja tutvustamist, ent alates Petrarcast hakkas humanism tähendama inimese ja inimlikkuse kaitset, inimese vabastamist kiriku, seisuslike normide, maise võimu orjusest. Humanistid: Petrarca, Boccaccio, Erasmus, Rabelais, Montaigne, Shakespeare ja Cervantes. Maadeavastused XV sajandi lõpus ja XVI sajandi alguses võimaldasid luua kujutlust maailmast kui tervikust, hakati idealiseerima pärisrahvaid ning Ameerika avastamisele ja vallutamisele järgnesid sõjad mõjusfääride pärast. 2. Dante Alighieri. - Dante kohta on öeldud, et ta seisis ühe jalaga kesk...
Literature of the 14th century The highpoint of medieval literature, the best writer of late medieval lived then. William Langland 1332-1376 the last important poet of alliterative verse. His masterpiece "The Vision of Piers Ploughman" how important working hard is, the labour of peasants is the base of the welfare of the people. A passionate protest against social injustice. A time when peasants were slowly rising against their feudal lords. Descriptions of different social classes. Religious mysticism. Two great principles: 1) all men are equal before God; 2) honest labour is dignified. It is a dream allegory. A young maiden named Youth, Greed is an old witch. The greatest writer of this period and the whole of medieval times Geoffrey Chaucer (1340?-1400): · The father of English poetry · The creator of English versification · The first poet to use various metres · Laid the foundation of the new literary English ...
Tallinn English College Topic Great Britain 2007 1. Introduction The official name of Great Britain is `the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (or short United Kingdom)' The population is about 60.4 million. The capital is London. Other biggest cities include Birmingham, Bristol, Portsmouth, Glasgow and Swansea. English is the main language of Great Britain, but Welsh is officially recognized in Wales and Gaelic in Scotland. 2. Geographical position The British Isles is the geographical term for a group of about 5000 islands off the coast of mainland Europe. The largest island is Great Britain, which is also the largest island in Europe. It consists of England, Wales and Scotland. The next largest island is Ireland, which is made up of Northern Ireland and the Irish Republic. Britain and Northern Island together form the United Kingdom. When referring to Britain ...
Renessanss 1 Kirjandust · Maailmakirjandus 1. koost J.Talvet · Danthe Alighieri "Uus elu" Tartu 1824 · Renessansi kirjanduse antoloogia Tallinn · Ploom,Ü. "Petrarca: moodsa inimese kriis", 1984 koost V.Alttoa "Looming" nr.3, 1991, lk.357 - 361 · Laanemäe,A. Kultuurilugu I Tallinn 2000 · Thomson,J. "Lääne tsivilisatsioon" Tallinn · Renessansiraamat Tallinn 1994 1997 · Talvet,J. Hispaania vaim Tallinn 1995 · Frank,B. "Cervantes";Tln. 1966 · Keskaja ja vararenessansi kirjanduse · Kurtfeldt,A. "Miguel de Cervantes antoloogia; Tln. 1962 Saavedra" Tartu 1934 · Söderhjelm,W. "Italian renessanssia" · Annikst,A."Shaksespeare" Kirjallis...
Maailmakirjandus II Keskajast klassitsismini Maailmakirjandus II Keskajast klassitsismini 1. Keskaja kultuuriline olustik · Pmst Lääne-Rooma riigi lagunemisest (5 saj) kuni renessansi alguseni (15. saj) · Keskaeg valmistas ette uusaegsete kultuuri ja identiteedi sündi. · Uute religioonide tormiline levik: kristlus, islam, budism. · Vanade rahvaste ulatuslik ümberpaiknemine, kokkupõrked, võitlused eluruumi tõttu. · Peamiselt germaani hõimud tungisid põhja ja idapoolsest Euroopast lõuna ja lääne poole (senistele Rooma riigi aladele) ja võtsid omaks ristiusu, mida innukalt paganate seas levitama hakkasid. · Roomast sai paavstivõimu keskus · Kultuur arenes vastavalt ühiskondlikele muutustele: 2 etappi: üleminek sugukondlikult korralt feodaalsuhetele (kuni 10 saj) ja väljakujunenud feodaalriikide ajastu. (11-13 saj) ·...
Lektüüriks on vaja valida erinevaid autoreid erinevatest kultuuripiirkondadest ja ajajärkudest (inglise, prantsuse, hispaania, itaalia, saksa kirjandusest igaühest ühe autori teos + 1 teos omal valikul kogu nimekirjast). Kursuse peateemad 1. Keskaja ajaloolis-kultuuriline taust. Keskaja kirjanduse põhinähtused. Lääne-Rooma riigi lagunemisest V saj. – renessansi algus XV saj. Uute religioonide tulek ja levik kõrvuti vanade rahvaste ümberpaiknemisega Hispaanlaste jagelemine araablastega Ristiusk ja selle levitamine germaani hõimude poolt. See ei soosinud paganlikel uskumustel põhinevat rahvaloomingut, hävimine Euroopa mandril. Iirimaa, Island – ääremaad, müüdid levisid suust suhu Põhinähtused: kangelaslaulud ehk kangelaseeposed, rüütlikirjandus, Hispaania romansid, linnaluule ja-romaan, keskaegne draama 2. Vanim keskaegne eepika Islandil ja Iirimaal (Vanem Edda, MKL, KA). Anglosaksi eepos (Beowulf) Iirimaal jättis var...
Raamatud 1. Anglisaksi eepos ,,Beowulf" "Beowulf" on vanim germaani sangarieepos. Selle loojaks on oletatud 8. sajandil elanud anglosaksi munka, kes Vergiliuse eeskujul liitis kaks sakside ja anglite poolt mandrilt kaasa toodud skandinaavia kangelaslugu. Praegu peetakse usutavamaks, et lugulaul on sündinud siiski suulises rahvatraditsioonis, kuna sellele leidub vasteid nii skandinaavia saagades kui kui ka Euraasia rahvapärimustes. Lugulaulu ajalooline taust on aastad 512-520. "Beowulfi" vanim tuntud versioon ja säilinud käsikiri pärineb 10. sajandist ning on muinas-ingliskeelne. See arvatakse olevat koopia 8. sajandil kirjutatud algupärandist. Lugulaul sisaldab 3182 värssi, jaotub kahte ossa ja räägib götalaste kuninga Beowulfi seiklustest. Esimeses osas surmab Beowulf taanlaste kuningat Hrothgari kiusanud koletis Grendeli ja selle ema. Teises osas aga hukkub kang...
English literature is one of the oldest literatures in Europe; dates back to the 6th century AD. Oral literature, i.e. not written down, spread from person to person. In 449 AD Anglo-‐Saxon tribes invaded England – beginning of the Anglo-‐Saxon period in English literature. The first form of literature was folklore, carried by scops and gleemen, who sang in alliterative verse (a kind of simple poetry). Prose developed much later. The first form of recorded English literature was the epic Beowulf, which was produced sometime near the end of the 7th and beginning of the 8th century. It has no ...
KORDAMINE EESTI KEELE EKSAMIKS Silp koosneb ühest või mitmest häälikust. Eesti sõnade silbitamisel kehtivad järgmised reeglid: 1. üksik kaashäälik täishäälikute vahel kuulub järgmisse silpi: ka-la, lu-ge-mi-ne, e-la- gu; 2. kui täishäälikute vahel on mitu kaashäälikut kõrvuti, siis kuulub ainult viimane neist järgmisse silpi: tul-la, kur-vad, kind-lam, mars-si-ma, mürts-ti; 3. (üli)pikk täishäälik või diftong kuulub tavaliselt ühte silpi: pii-lub, suu-bu-ma, lau- lud, toa, lui-tu-nud; kui kahe vokaali vahelt läheb morfeemipiir, siis kuuluvad nad ka eri silpidesse: ava-us ava on tüvi, us on tuletusliide; 4. kolme täishääliku järjendist kuulub viimane teise silpi: põu-a-ne, luu-ad, lai-ad, rii- u, hoi-us-te; 5. liitsõnades silbitatakse iga koostisosa eraldi: tä-he-tea-dus, va-na-e-ma, las-te-ai- a-laps; 6. võõrsõn...
N. A. Vavilov ASPECTS OF BRITISH HISTORY Н. А. Вавилов КРАТКАЯ ИСТОРИЯ ВЕЛИКОБРИТАНИИ Учебное пособие на английском языке Москва Институт международного права и экономики имени А. С. Грибоедова 2008 2 УТВЕРЖДЕНО кафедрой лингвистики и переводоведения Вавилов Н.А. Краткая история Великобритании: Учебное пособие на английском языке. – 2-е изд., пересмотр. и испр. – М.: ИМПЭ им. А.С. Грибоедова, 2008. – 88 с. Пособие содержит краткий очерк важнейших событий в истории Великобритании – от первых документально засвидетельствованных вторжений на остров (кельтов, римлян и англосаксов) до создания и распада Британск...
Some of the things you will learn in THE CODEBREAKERS • How secret Japanese messages were decoded in Washington hours before Pearl Harbor. • How German codebreakers helped usher in the Russian Revolution. • How John F. Kennedy escaped capture in the Pacific because the Japanese failed to solve a simple cipher. • How codebreaking determined a presidential election, convicted an underworld syndicate head, won the battle of Midway, led to cruel Allied defeats in North Africa, and broke up a vast Nazi spy ring. • How one American became the world's most famous codebreaker, and another became the world's greatest. • How codes and codebreakers operate today within the secret agencies of the U.S. and Russia. • And incredibly much more. "For many evenings of gripping reading, no better choice can be made than this book." —Christian Science Monitor THE ...
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