Charles Dickens Charles John Huffam Dickens was the foremost English novelist of the Victorian era, as well as a vigorous social campaigner. Considered one of the English language's greatest writers, he was acclaimed for his rich storytelling and memorable characters, and achieved massive worldwide popularity in his lifetime. Charles Dickens was born in Landport, Portsmouth in Hampshire, the second of eight children to John Dickens n 7 February 1812. The 12-year-old Dickens began working ten hour days in a Warren's boot-blacking factory. In May 1827, Dickens began work in the office of Ellis and Blackmore as a law clerk. At the age
Globe Theater The Globe Theatre was a theatre in London associated with William Shakespeare. He wrote there many of his greatest plays. It was first built in 1599 by Shakespeare's playing company, the Lord Chamberlain's Men, and was destroyed by fire on 29 June 1613. It was rebuilt in June 1614 and closed in 1642. It stood on the bank of the River Thames in Southwark, London, England, UK. In 1987, though, after many years of careful research, work began to build a new theatre as much like the original as possible. The New Globe was built with the same materials and building methods as the Shakespeare´s theatre
vivacious woman about whom a future Viceroy of India would say, "Dullness and Mrs. Kipling cannot exist in the same room."[3] Father - John Lockwood Kipling. Lockwood Kipling, a sculptor, an illustrator, museum curator and pottery designer, was the principal and professor of architectural sculpture at the newly- founded Sir Jamsetjee Jeejeebhoy School of Art and Industry in Bombay. Later in life Kipling illustrated many of Rudyard Kipling's books, and other works. Kipling also remained editor of the Journal of Indian Art and Industry, which carried drawing works from the students of the Mayo School. COUPLE named their son after the place they had first met Rudyard Lake. Alice Kipling Fleming - Sister of British author Rudyard Kipling who became a well-known psychic, producing automatic writing under the name "Mrs. Holland." Born June 11, 1868, Alice Kipling was privately educated
animals are often strikingly lifelike and artistic. Many of these ancient relics have been destroyed by the ravages of nature and of man. Wind and water have worn away and continue to wear away, unprotected sites. And the paintings and carvings are increaslibly falling victim to vandalism: they have been painted over, spoilt with knives, even used for target practice. The American Rock Art Research Association protects rock-art sites. 2) THE FAVOURITE SPORT IN BRITAIN The most popular sport is probably football. Two kinds of football is played in Great Britain. One of them, which is called association football, is played all over Europe. The other kind: rugby football is also very popular in New Zealand, France, and some other European countries. English boys play it at school, and in public parks. When they grow up, they play as members of important amateur teams or as a professional in teams competing in football ,,leagues". Professional football is as much a business
Hadrian's wall on the border of Scotland and England. It began construction in 122 AD. An Anglo-Saxon attack on Rome forced the Romans to leave The British Isles. They were replaced by Germanic tribes Angles, Jutes and Saxons, who drove the Celts to the north (Scotland) and west (Wales). They came from the North and Baltic Seas. Along with them came their dialects, which constitute the basis for Old English. Around 4500 words are still used today. They also had their own religion and Germanic gods. Their names are still used today: Freya Friday, Thor Thursday, Angle-land England. The Anglo-Saxons divided the cuntry into small warring kingdoms Northumbria, Mercia, Wessex, Sussex, Essex, Kent, East Anglia. Due to constant conflict weakened the kingdoms. The political power was in Wessex, which was the most powerful of the kingdoms. The Anglo-Saxons were farmers and fishermen and lived in small communities
When he expelled from Yale bacause of prank, he joined the navy as a midshipman. In 1810 he took a furlough and never returned to active duty. He married with Susan De Lancy and got 5 children. They lived Europe, but returned to America because he was unpopular in Europe. In 1920 je published his first fiction "Precaution", in 1821 the second one "The Spy". His third book "The Pioneers" was the first of five novels. He died at Cooperstown in 1851. He was immensely popular writer and he considered to be the first major American novelist. R.L.Stevenson(1850-1894): he was born in Edinburgh, Scotland in 1850. He was a sick little boy who spent much of his time in bed. He was very lonely only child. When he grew older and seemed stronger, his father took him on trips to he wildest coasts of Sotland. Stevenson was no student. He roamed about Edinburgh, learning to know people of all kinds. His stories were full of gaiety, sharm and mis-spelled words. Louis's father let him
optional courses of science and the Humanities. The Department of Theory of Literature and the Department of General and Comparative Linguistics teach a vast number of core courses to junior students, both offering major courses to senior students in all the divisions of the faculty. The Department of Theory of Literature teaches literature as a type of art, focusing on the genesis, structure, classification, and functioning of literary works, on stylistics and versification, as well as on the methodology of literary criticism, a number of major courses being offered in these specialist areas. The Division of the Russian Language and Literature unites the Department of the Russian Language, the Department of Russian Literature, the Department of Russian Literature of XX century, and the Department of Russian Folklore. The core curriculum includes courses in the
Outstanding figures in British literature Eva Martina Põder 11.b British literature Refers to all literature produced by British authors from the United Kingdom, which includes England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, Wales, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man Includes early works written in Gaelic, Welsh, and Latin, works in Old, Middle, and Modern English, each of which represents a different period Full of great works British works in Latin Venerable Bede He lived between 673 and 735 AD The greatest of all the AngloSaxon scholars He's the earliest English historian, whose work has shed light on a period of English history that would have otherwise been unknown ,,The Father of English History" Wrote / translated about 40 books on almost every area of knowledge, i.e. nature, astronomy, and poetry His best known work is "The Ecclesiastical History of the English People"
Britain makes its first appearance in written language when Romans invade the England. BEOWULF most important poem, surviving in a 10th-cent manuscript. The historical period of the poem's events can be dated in the 6th to 8th century. Much of the material of the poem is legendary and paralleled in other Germanic historical-mythological literature in Norse, Old English, and German. GEOFFREY CHAUCER (1340-1400) Politician and writer, fought in France during the 100 years war. He visited Genoa and Florence where he became acquainted with Italian literature and in particular with the works of Dante, Petrarch and Boccaccio. The French period (up to 1370). early works were based mostly on French models. The Italian period (up to c. 1387). Was influenced by Italian literature, especially Dante and Bocaccio. The English period. Wrote Canterbury tales.
British Literature Ilya Zaitsev 10 class John Tolkien Was born in 3 January 1892 Bloemfontein. English writer, philologist, and Oxford university professor, best known as the author of the classic high- fantasy works The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings. Tolkien was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire by Queen Elizabeth II on 28 March 1972. His works The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings form a connected body of tales, fictional histories, invented languages about a fantasy world called Arda, and Middle-earth. While many other authors had published works of fantasy before Tolkien,[ the great success of The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings led directly to a popular resurgence of the genre. This has caused Tolkien to be popularly identified as the "father" of modern high fantasy literature. Biography. Childhood
perfect. Utopia means "nowhere" in Greek. Thomas new clearly that such an island could never exist. This dream of a place where happiness reigns and sorrow is banished is the most persistent of human fantasies and became a recurrent theme in many other british literature works. He was beheaded in 1535 for refusing to support his king's (henry viii) decision to break away from the catholic church. William Shakespeare(1564-1616) is considered the greatest of all English authors; his texts and plays are known worldwide and are updated constantly. Though few is known about his life , he was born is the town of Stratford-upon-Avon and went to London when still young. In 1611 at the age of 47 his plays already made success on the stages, so he retired to his native town. Between many plays and poems he wrote are a midsummer night's dream , hamlet and etc. Queen Elizabeth I portrait "The Ermine Portrait". Painted in 1585 by Nicholas Hilliard
It was a civil war between two dynasties, families. They had different emblems on one side the Yorks (white rose) other Lancasters (red). They couldn't decide who gets the throne. War ended 1485. A new dynasty came to throne, Tudor, the first king in this dynasty was Henry Vll. When he came to throne a period of stability followed because he built a nation based state. He was good at diplomacy.He could avoid quarrels and wars with neigbouring countries. France, Spain - greatest enemies.So he could save much money and thus laid a good economic basis for his state. Besides that he built a merchant fleet (kaubalaevastik) England begun to dominate in international trade. Unfortunately the king got old and died. Next king was Henry Vlll, second son of the family, wasn't prepared to become a king. Had to take the role as his elder brother died. Was prepared to come a clergyman got good education: languages, music, literature. Brother jumped off horse into a
As a scientist, he was a major figure in the Enlightenment and the history of physics for his discoveries and theories regarding electricity. He invented the lightning rod, bifocals, the Franklin stove, a carriage odometer, and the glass 'armonica'. He formed both the first public lending library in America and first fire department in Pennsylvania. He was an early proponent of colonial unity, and as a political writer and activist he supported the idea of an American nation.As a diplomat during the American Revolution he secured the French alliance that helped to make independence of the United States possible. A year after Benjamin Franklin's death, his autobiography, entitled "Memoires De La Vie Privee," was published in Paris in March of 1791. The first English translation, "The Private Life of the Late Benjamin Franklin, LL.D. Originally Written By Himself, And Now
literary quality (1650) and Edward Taylor, who was born in England but lived in Boston, wrote some poetry in the style of John Donne and the metaphysical poets. All 17 th cent Am writings were, both in content and form, similar to English lit of the same period. The great literary figures of the 18th cent were Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790), Thomas Paine (1737-1809) and Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826). The common sense and witty aphorisms of Franklin's popular Poor Richard's Almanac series appealed to colonial readers. Franklin also wrote effectively on the question of allegiance to the British crown but it was his protégé, Thomas Paine, who inspired colonists during the dark days of the Revolution with his stirring pamphlet Common Sense (1776), which sold over half a million copies, and American Crisis Papers (1776-1783). Thomas Jefferson was also an influential political writer. He made important
Wa l t e r Scott Walter Scott Scottish novelist and poet One of the greatest historical 1771-1832 novelists. Scott wrote twenty-seven historical novels. Early Life o Was born August 15 1771 o Caught polio and survived. o Sent to Sandyknowe , his grandparents farm. o Taught to read and influenced by his aunt Jenny. o Given private tutoring by James Mitchell. o attended grammar school and met James Ballantyne. o At age 12, started studying at the University of Edinburgh.
Then came the Middle Ages. King Alfred conquered the Dames, King Arthur lived in the Age of Shivery, King Harlod mustarded his troops before the Battle of Hastings, Joan of Arc was cannonized by George Bernard Shaw, and the victims of the Black Death grew boobs on their necks. Finally, the Magna Carta provided that no free man should be hanged twice for the same offense. In midevil times most of the people were alliterate. The greatest writer of the time was Chaucer, who wrote many poems and verse and also wrote literature. Another tale tells of William Tell, who shot an arrow through an apple while standing on his son's head. The Renaissance was an age in which more individuals felt the value of their human being. Martin Luther was nailed to the church door at Wittenberg for selling papal indulgences. He died a horrible death, being excommunicated by a bull
Sweden, Duke of Värmland. He was born on May 13 in 1979. He is the second oldest child of King Carl XVI Gustaf and Queen Silvia. He has two sisters, Victoria and Madeleine. Prince Carl Philip has a naval education and became a lieutenant in December 2002. He has finished studies and completed programmes. He has also been to military service. Carl Philip has some ranks in military. He has also graduated a graphics school and his works were shown in Stockholm. Hobbies: Carl Philip loves nature and outdoor activities. He was scout, when he was younger. He is also interested in sports and especially in motor sports. Carl Philip is also a skilled skier, sailor and hunter. 7 Princess Madeleine Princess Madeleine's real name is Madeleine Thérèse Amelie She was born on June
TOPIC 8 The greatest poet of Scotland Robert Burns is loved by all Scotsmen as their greatest poet. The future poet was fortunate in his father who was understanding, friendly and fearless man. So it was probably from him that the poet inherited his great love and undrestanding of people. From his mother he, too, learned something that was to be value to him. His mother often sang the old songs and ballads of the countryside. Although William Burns, Robert´s father, was a poor peasant, he was man who valued knowledge. His greatest wish was to give his children the best education
golden ornamental decorations, statues, columns and bronze busts of composers Siret: "Prince Albert" Born in 1819 in Germany. He had unhappy childhood (parents divorced when he was little), mother left them, met Victoria at age 17, they were introduced by Uncle Leopold, they fell in love. They got married and got 9 children, 40 grandchildren. At first he was unpopular, after he made many great changes he became popular. He was the president of the Royal Society of Arts for 18 years. After his death Victoria built many memorials and Royal Albert Hall in 1871, there are more than 350 performances every year. The Albert medal, the Prince Consort´s Library. Lisanna: "Yoko Ono" She was born in 1933 in Tokyo, Japan in a wealthy family. In 1953 she moved to the USA, she was an excellent student and studied music and philosophy. She has studied in 4 schools, her art is influenced by avant-garde
· The Who 4 · Placebo 5 · The Kooks 6 · Coldplay 7 The Singers · Sir Elton Hercules John 8 · Andrew Abraham 9 · Robert Peter "Robbie" Williams 10 · Christopher Anthony John "Chris" Martin 11 The Bands The Beatles were an English rock band, formed in Liverpool in 1960 and one of the most commercially successful and critically acclaimed acts in the history of popular music. From 1962 the group consisted of John Lennon (rhythm guitar, vocals), Paul McCartney (bass guitar, vocals), George Harrison (lead guitar, vocals) and Ringo Starr (drums, vocals). Rooted in skiffle and 1950s rock and roll, the group later worked in many genres ranging from folk rock to psychedelic pop, often incorporating classical and other elements in innovative ways. The nature of their enormous popularity, which first emerged as the "Beatlemania" fad,
FOREWORD This book is first and foremost written by a composer. I am of the opinion that it is a creative individual that must take on this hard task: realising it, presumably, more profoundly as he stands nearer to the Source of all sources from which all the innermost sublime and substantial ideas stream. In this book Estonian symphonic music is discussed from its starting point, the pathetic overture Julius Caesar (1896) by Rudolf Tobias, up to the works of the young composers of the 1990s. This is the first book that presents a general treatment of the Estonian symphonic music. Other Estonian literature on this subject has offered a broader background. This book should appeal to composers, musicologists, conductors, educationalists, instrumentalists, music students, as well as everybody interested in Estonian symphonic music. The book is divided into 29 chapters where more than 70 orchestral compositions of 32 composers are examined
The novella can be guarded as a religious story, even though hemingway wasn't very religious man. Hemingway commited suicide by blowing his head off. 1930's in American literature. Banks closed, bums crowded the streets, products, food were wasted to keep up the prices. This merry, cheerful party mood of 1920 was changed to social consciousness and seriousness. Writers became socially minded. Politically and economicallt the rise of trade unions. Communist party in the usa became quite popular. Partly because of the russian revolution, which had huge impact all over the world. Writers became more critical and more bitter. One zanr that was proletarian literature, pro communist, left wing. The most famous representative was Michael Gold. The most interesting style was modernist combined with realism. The most interesting writer of this period was John Dos Passos 1896-1970. He is linked to the 1930's, the period of fear, unemployment, the rise of facism, market crashing. Came from
people, bringing in some new and radical ideas. Republicanism: The doctrine of republicanism asserts a system of a government that is elected by the people of the nation. The roots of this ideology go back to ancient Greece, when the concept of a democratic government was examined by philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle. Individual Liberty: "Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness" developed as the motto of this era, which forms the cornerstone of the U.S. Constitution today. Since the colonies had very few individual rights, they declared certain fundamental rights that they deemed "inalienable." Democracy: The colonies had no say in the formation of the government, and had no representation in the lawmaking process. Consequently, they were attracted to the idea of democracy, where the government is "of the people, by the people, for the people," as Lincoln later expressed in his Gettysburg Address
(born March 3, 1970). In 1997, Cash was diagnosed with the neurodegenerative disease Shy-Drager syndrome, a form of multiple system atrophy. They work together and tour for 35 years, until June Carter died in 2003. Cash died just four months later in September 12, 2003. He played with guitarist Luther Perkins and bassist Marshall Grant. His first recordings at Sun,in 1955 "Hey Porter" and "Cry! Cry! Cry!" His first prison concert was held on January 1, 1958 at San Quentin State Prison In the early 1960s, Cash toured with the Carter Family. Cash started drinking heavily and became addicted to amphetamines and barbiturates. For a brief time, he shared an apartment in Nashville with Waylon Jennings. In June 1965, his truck caught fire due to an overheated wheel bearing, triggering a forest fire that burned 508 acres (2.06 km2), in Los Padres National Forest in California. The
................................. 9 9. WHOM DO I RECCOMEND THIS NOVEL........ 9 10. SUMMARY........................................................... 10 11. SOURCES.............................................................. 11 INTRODUCTION The Mysterious Affair at Styles is a detective novel by Agatha Christie. It was written in 1916 and was first published by John Lane in the USA in October 1920 and in the UK by The Bodley Head (John Lane's UK company) on January 21 1921. In her first novel, The Mysterious Affair at Styles(1920), she created the now-famous Belgian detective Hercule Poirot, the most popular sleuth in fiction since Sherlock Holmes. Poirot and Marple have also been portrayed in the many films, radio programmes and stage plays based on her books.It is Christie's first published novel, and introduces Hercule Poirot, Inspector Japp and Lieutenant Hastings (later, Captain)
George I was a controversial king who spent most of his time in Hanover, leaving the country in the care of the Cabinet. This was eventually headed by Sir Robert Walpole, Britain's first Prime Minister and the first to live at 10 Downing Street. During the reigns of George I and George II, Parliament assumed almost absolute responsibility for running the country. Large areas of Canada and India were colonized at the expense of the French. The single greatest threat to George I came with the Scottish Jacobite Rebellions of 1715 and 1719. However, James Stuart, their leader, was easily defeated and fled to Rome. His son tried to claim the British throne twice, but he was soon forced to retreat. On 16 April 1746, English army met the Jacobites in a moor at Culloden. 2000 of the Jacobites died, which ended Stuart pretensions to the crown. The British ensured British rule at the French fort at Quebec. During the reign of
Robinson joined him at group social functions, but declined his initial requests to date. They began dating later that summer. They were married on October 3, in 1992. Their first daughter, Malia Ann, was bron in 1998. Their second daughter, Natasha, was born in 2001. Because of Michelle Obama's employment with the University of Chicago, the Obama daughters attended the private University of Chicago Laboratory Schools. When Obama's famaily moved to Washington, in January 2009, the girls started at the private Sidwell Friends School. Barack Obama as the president of United States of America. Obama was the junior United States Senator from Illinois from 2005 until he resigned following his 2008 presidential election to the presidency. He was inaugurated as President on January 20, 2009. Now he is s the forty-fourth and current president of the United States. Kasutatud kirjandus: · http://www.biography.com/featured-biography/barack-obama/index.jsp
Interestingly, Rudyard Kipling congratulated Conan Doyle on his success, asking "Could this be my old friend, Dr. Joe?" Sherlock Holmes, however, was even more closely modelled after the famous Edgar Allan Poe character, C. Auguste Dupin. While living in Southsea he played football for an amateur side (that disbanded in 1894), Portsmouth Association Football Club. (This club had no connection with the Portsmouth F.C. of today.) In 1885, he married Louisa (or Louise) Hawkins, known as "Touie", who suffered from tuberculosis and died on 4 July 1906. He married Jean Leckie in 1907, whom he had first met and fallen in love with in 1897 but had maintained a platonic relationship with her out of loyalty to his first wife. Conan Doyle had five children, two with his first wife (Mary Louise (born 1889) and Alleyne Kingsley (1892 1918)) and three with his
nd tricks in technological way. ,,special effects". He was interested how to make things to look like magic. Some tricks came by accident. Melies was filming in the street. He saw a horsecar passing by. Camera stopped and started later, there was a horsecar with a coffin. Appearing and dissapearing things. It was the beginning of special effects. Tricks nowadays are more and more sophisticated. Cinema ca produce things that are magic. He became incredibly popular, most popular film director. He had all those ideas and made all the films, became the victim of that. More and more people who produced films, where was more money involved. He sold his studio to a big industry. He stopped filmmaking. Lived last 20 lives in total misery, cinema had moved on and melies was more than a sidenote. People at the end of his life organised a retrospective. Wanted to shoot actuality but was interested in illusion. It is fundament that hollywood is built on
The Saxons & Vikings Fragmentary knowledge of England in the 5th & 6th centuries comes from the British writer Gildas, the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, saints' lives, poetry, archaelogical findings and place- name studies. British landlords ruled small, unstable kingdoms and continued some Roman traditions of governance. In the mid-5th cent, Vertigern, a British leader, hired Germanic mercenaries to help defend against peoples of the north (Picts & Scots). In the end they revolted & the process of invasion and settlement began. The first Saxon ,,kings" were Hengist & Horsa in Kent, Aelle
When Cash auditioned as solo artist for Sam Phillips' Sun Records, that following Spring he was in the Sun Studios to record with his new band; The Tennessee Three. Originally consisting of Luther Perkins, Marshall Grant and Red Kernodle. A most popular song of Johnny's was produced at this time by the name of "Hey Porter," however, it had a futile running. "Cash's time in the military may have been a short four years, but those years were crucial in the Vivian Liberto Becomes... Vivian Cash Vivian Liberto became Vivian Cash in 1954 upon his arrival home
....................................................................................................... Orson Scott Card He was born on the 24th of August, 1951 in Richland, Washington. Card's writing career began primarily as a poet, studying at Brigham Young University. During his studies as a theatre major, he began "doctoring" scripts, adapting fiction for theatre production, and finally writing his own one-act and full-length plays. Later he has worked both as a freelancer and a contracted writer. He first wrote the short story "Ender's Game" while working at the BYU press. Ender's Game and its sequel Speaker for the Dead were both awarded the Hugo Award and the Nebula Award, making Card the only author (as of 2008) to win both of science fiction's top prizes in consecutive years. Card continued the series with seven books, which divide into "Shadow" and "Speaker" series. He has also announced his plan to write two more novels: Shadows in
of Aragon, had many unhappy births, King Henry decided to divorce from her. However, he was never satisfied with any of his wifes, because none of them gave birth to a son Henry had desire to provide England with a male heir. THE TUDOR DYNASTY Henry VIII In later life he became morbidly obese and his health suffered; his public image is frequently depicted as one of a lustful, egotistical, harsh, and insecure king. He died 28 January 1547. THE TUDOR DYNASTY ELIZABETH I Elizabeth I was queen regnant of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death. Sometimes called The Virgin Queen, Gloriana, or Good Queen Bess, Elizabeth was the fifth and last monarch of the Tudor dynasty. THE TUDOR DYNASTY ELIZABETH I Elizabeth's reign is known as the Elizabethan era, famous above all for the flourishing of
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