Sündis ja suri: · Veebruar 6, 1945 Väikses Nine Miles külas saint Anni vallas Jamaikal · Mai 11, 1981 (vanus 36) .Miami.Florida.United States. zanrid: · Reggae · Ska · Rocksteady Seotud kellega: · The Wailers liige · The Wailers Bandi (liider) · Seotud The Upsetterstiga · Seotud the I Threesiga Mida tegi(bändis): · Kitarr · Laulja · (Löökpillid) Kõige tuntumad lood: · "No women, no cry" · "Jamming" · "I shot the sheriff" · "Exodus" · "Could you be loved" · "Stir it up" · ..... Mõned pildid: Aitäh Kuulamisest
Born and died: · February 6, 1945 Nine Mile, Saint Ann, Jamaica · May 11, 1981 (aged 36) Miami, Florida, United States Genres: · Reggae · Ska · Rocksteady Associated acts: · Member of The Wailers · Band leader of the Wailers Band · Associated with The Upsetters · Associated with the I Threes Instruments: · Guitar · Percussion · Vocals Best known hits: · "No women, no cry" · "Jamming" · "I shot the sheriff" · "Exodus" · "Could you be loved" · "Stir it up" · ..... Some pictures: Thank you for listening!!
Birgit Grünbaum, Hedy Vihermets, Kadi Kuusküll 6-7 AASTASTE LASTE ARVUTIMÄNGUD Tänapäeva lapsed veedavad arvuti ees küllaltki suure osa päevast ning seepärast on arvutimängudel märkimisväärne roll laste käitumise ja väärtushinnangute kujunemisel Kui lapsel puudub suunav täiskasvanu, võib lapse mänguvalik kujuneda täiesti valeks. Valitakse mänge, mis pole veel eakohased või on lihtsalt vägivaldsed Internetileheküljed www.rahamaa.ee www.lastekas.ee www.mangukoobas.ee www.runescape.com Populaarsemad arvutimängud "Sims" ja "Sims 2" ,,Simcity" 8 "Car Town" ,,Age of Empires" GTA ( ,,Grand Theft Auto") "Battlefield: Bad Company" 1 ja 2 "Battlefield 1942" F1 2010 ("Formula One 2010") "Age of Mythology" Veel arvutimänge "Battle Dawn" "Mirror's Edge" "Combat Arms" "MX vs ATV Unleashed" "Civiballs" "Horse Eventing" "Save the ...
By Josua By Kalle Scottish and Welsh Scottish Heroes! By Kalle William Wallace -was lesser nobility -Alexander III 1286 -everyone wanted the throne -asked help from Edward -had a weak king, John -mercenary -giant -assassinated a high sheriff -forest base -evaded capture until 1305 -executed -controlled Andrew de Moray -scottish general -was quite rich -political influence -held up quite well -the rebellion -died in battle -controlled the north
Robert Nesta "Bob" Marley February 6, 1945 – May 11, 1981 Jamaican singer- songwriter and musician. reggae music Rastafari movement Best known hits "I Shot the Sheriff" "No Woman, No Cry" "Could You Be Loved" "Stir It Up" "Jamming" "Redemption Song" "One Love" "Three Little Birds" "Buffalo Soldier" left school at the age of 14 make music with Joe Higgs Rastafari "The Wailers"("The Teenagers","The Wailing
Summary: We meet high school junior Isabella Swan, or Bella as she prefers to be called. She is a very pale skinned brunette with a quick mind and a sarcastic sense of humor. She is leaving her mother and stepfather's home in Phoenix, Arizona to live with her father in Forks, Washington. She feels she needs to give her mother, Renee, space to be with her new husband, Phil, who is a minor league baseball ballplayer. She's apprehensive about moving in with her dad, Charlie, who is the town's sheriff. Up until now, they have only ever spent parts of summers together. Bella hasn't been to Forks in three years. Forks couldn't be more different than sunny, metropolitan Phoenix if it tried. The weather is cool, overcast, and clammy most days. Forks High School, where Bella is to start school the following day only has 358 students including Bella. Charlie picks Bella up at the Port Angles airport. Bella finds conversing with Charlie stilted at first, but they soon warm up to each other
Label(s) Island/Tuff Gong Associated The Wailers Band, The Wailers acts Website www.bobmarley.com Robert "Bob" Nesta Marley OM (February 6, 1945 May 11, 1981) was a Jamaican singer, songwriter, guitarist, and activist. He is the most widely known performer of reggae music. A faithful Rastafari, Marley is regarded by many as a prophet of the religion.[1] Marley is best known for his reggae songs, which include the hits "I Shot the Sheriff", "No Woman, No Cry", "Three Little Birds", "Exodus", "Could You Be Loved", "Jammin'", "Redemption Song", and "One Love".[2] His posthumous compilation album Legend (1984) is the best-selling reggae album ever, with sales of more than 12 million copies.[2] Early life and career Marley was born in the small village of Nine Mile in Saint Ann Parish, Jamaica. His father, Norval Sinclair Marley, (born in 1895), was a Jamaican of English descent, with parents from Sussex
mai 1981) oli Jamaica reggaelaulja, laulusõnade autor, kitarrist ja rastafari. Ta oli ska-,rocksteady- ja reggae-bändide: The Wailers (19641974) ja Bob Marley & the Wailers (19741981) põhilaulja, laulusõnade autor ja kitarrist. Vaatamata sellele, et ta suri peaaegu kolmkümmend aastat tagasi, on ta kõige laialdasemalt tuntud ska/reggae- muusika esitaja ja teda tunnustatakse mehena, kes on aidanud levitada Jamaica muusikat üle kogu maailma. Marley tuntumad hitid on "I Shot the Sheriff", "No Woman, No Cry", "Exodus", "Could You Be Loved", "Stir It Up", "Jamming", "Redemption Song", "One Love"; koos Wailersiga "Three Little Birds"; ning postuumselt välja antud "Buffalo Soldier" ja "Iron Lion Zion". Kogumikalbum "Legend", mis anti välja 1984. aastal, kolm aastat pärast Marley surma, on enim müüdud reggae-album läbi aegade (on saanud kümme korda plaatinaplaadi tiitli), mida on müüdud üle 25 miljoni koopia.
lõhkeainete haldamise kohustus.1 Vandenõu paljastati William Parkerile saadetud anonüümses kirjas 26. oktoobril 1605. aastal. Ülemkoja läbiotsimise käigus 4. Novembri südaööl 1605. A. Leiti Fawkes 36 tünniga täis püssirohtu - millest piisas, et Ülemkoda tuhaks teha ja ta arreteeriti. Enamik vandenõulasi põgenesid Londonist, kuuldes vandenõu paljastusest, üritades sealjuures oma tee peal toetajaid leida. Mõned neist osutasid vastupanu neid taga ajavale Sheriff Worcesterile ja kaaspolitseinikele Holbeche'i Majas; kaasnevas lahingus sai üheks läbi püssikuuli surmatuks Catesby. Nende kohtumõistmisel 27. Jaanuaril 1606 kaheksa ellujäänutest, sealhulgas Fawkes, mõisteti süüdi ja määrati surmanuhtlus poomise(peaaegu surnuks), hobuse järel vedamise ja neljaks tükiks raidumise läbi.2 Vahemikus 1533 ja 1540, Tudorite suguvõsast kuningas Henry VIII hõivas kontrolli Rooma Inglise kiriku üle, mis sai alguseks mitmete aastakümnete
By the way she wears her apron, and the clothes she wore. Umbrella on her shoulder, piece of paper in her hand; She come to see the govnor, she wants to free her man. Chorus: Let the midnight special shine a light on me, Let the midnight special shine a light on me, Let the midnight special shine a light on me, Let the midnight special shine a light on me. Verse 3: If you're ever in Houston, well, you better do the right; You better not gamble, there, you better not fight, at all Or the sheriff will grab ya and the boys will bring you down. The next thing you know, boy, oh! You're prison bound Chorus: Let the midnight special shine a light on me, Let the midnight special shine a light on me, Let the midnight special shine a light on me, Let the midnight special shine a light on me. Let the midnight special shine a light on me, Let the midnight special shine a light on me, Let the midnight special shine a light on me, Let the midnight special shine a light on me.
white jury convicts him. Tom later tries to escape from prison and is shot to death. Despite the verdict, Bob Ewell feels that Atticus and the judge have made a fool out of him, and he swears revenge. He troubles Tom Robinson's widow, tries to break into the judge's house, and finally attacks Jem and Scout as they walk home from a Halloween party. Boo Radley saves the children and stabbs Ewell during the struggle. Boo carries the wounded Jem back to Atticus's house, where the sheriff, in order to protect Boo, insists that Ewell tripped over a tree root and fell on his own knife. After sitting with Scout for a while, Boo disappears once more into the Radley house. Quotation I would like to bring out a quotation that helps to understand the book better. "Shoot all the blujays you want, if you can't hit `em, but remember it's a sin to kill a mockingbird." Atticus said that to his children, he gave the instructions for life with this sentence
kõige rahulikum keskond kui sul raha ei ole. Mingit moodi leidsid nad ennast teel San Fransisco'sse. Seal viibides tegin nad kohaliku raadiojaama KSAN-FM jaoks raadiosaate. Kogu see kogemus suurendas nende populaarsust Põhja-Ameerikas. 1973 aastal rahvast pingesse panevas olukorras lasi bänd välja järje albumile ,,Catch a Fire" mis sai nimeks ,,burnin". Sellelt albumilt võis leida nii mõnedki Wailersi klassikud nagu ,,I shot the Sheriff" ja ,,Get Up Stand Up". Wailersi populaarsus Põhja-Ameerikas kasvas veelgi enam peale Eric Claptoni ümberlindistamist loole ,,I Shot the Sheriff", millest sai number 1 hitt ühendriikide tabelis. 1975 nägi ilmavalgust Wailersi kolmas album ühendriikides nimega ,,Natty Dread" koos selliste heade lugudega nagu ,,Talking Blues" või ,,No Woman No Cry". Halvast küljest vaadates nüüdseks oli Wailing Wailersi 2/3 algupärastest liikmetest kadunud kuna Peter Tosh
Nov. 1783,at age 12, started studying at the University of Edinburgh Began an apprenticeship with his fathers office Later became a lawyer in Edinburgh Literary Career launched Began to write at 25 by translating works from German Became an ardent volunteer in yeomanry where he met and later married Margaret Charlotte Charpentier in 1791 Had five children together Invested in money over time through various jobs and events like being a lawyer, sheriff-deputy, wife's income, inheritance and from writing Founded a printing press with his poetry Succeeded in publishing numbers of poems over the next ten years Novel Life Waverley and other to follow within the first five years all followed Scottish historical setting Always published novels under the name Author of Waverley or as "the Tales of..." with no author
and in grief and anger Tristan beats the officer nearly to death and has to serve thirty days in jail. Susannah wants to visits him, but Tristan refuses and insists she "go home to Alfred". After his release, Tristan and Decker kill those responsible for Isabel II's death, including one of the O'Banion brothers. Overview Susannah commits suicide after realizing she cannot live without Tristan. When the remaining O'Banion brother comes for Tristan, he and the corrupt sheriff are killed by Colonel Ludlow and Alfred as Tristan attempts to protect his father. Alfred reconciles with his father and brother. Tristan, knowing he will be blamed for the men's disappearance, leaves for the mountain country after asking Alfred to take care of his children. Over time, everyone in Tristan's life die before him. As an old man, Tristan is set upon with a grizzly bear. He draws his knife and fights with the bear. As they struggle, the image freeze-frames as
aastal, olles vaid 36-aastane. Surma põhjuseks oli vähi levimine kopsudesse ja ajju. Mehe viimased sõnad oma pojale Ziggy'le olid: "Rahaga ei saa elu osta" ("Money can't buy life"). Matused toimusid 21. mail 1981 Jamaical. Marley maeti oma sünnikohta Nine Mile´is asuvasse kabelisse. Tänapäeval asub seal mausoleum. Tema legend aga elab edasi. Marley tuntumad hitid on : "No Woman, No Cry", "Could You Be Loved", "Stir It Up", "Jamming", "Redemption Song", "Three Little Birds" "I Shot the Sheriff", "Buffalo Soldier" "Iron Lion Zion" "One Love" "Exodus", Kogumikalbum "Legend", mis anti välja 1984. aastal, kolm aastat pärast Marley surma, on enim müüdud reggae-album läbi aegade (on saanud kümme korda plaatinaplaadi tiitli), mida on müüdud üle 12 miljoni koopia. Kasutatud Kirjandus : 1. http://et.wikipedia.org 2. http://www.hot.ee/smaddy/reggae.html 3. http://www.google.ee/imghp?hl=et&tab=wi
aastal, olles vaid 36-aastane. Surma põhjuseks oli vähi levimine kopsudesse ja ajju. Mehe viimased sõnad oma pojale Ziggy'le olid: "Rahaga ei saa elu osta" ("Money can't buy life"). Matused toimusid 21. mail 1981 Jamaical. Marley maeti oma sünnikohta Nine Mile´is asuvasse kabelisse. Tänapäeval asub seal mausoleum. Tema legend aga elab edasi. Marley tuntumad hitid on : "No Woman, No Cry", "Could You Be Loved", "Stir It Up", "Jamming", "Redemption Song", "Three Little Birds" "I Shot the Sheriff", "Buffalo Soldier" "Iron Lion Zion" "One Love" "Exodus", Kogumikalbum "Legend", mis anti välja 1984. aastal, kolm aastat pärast Marley surma, on enim müüdud reggae-album läbi aegade (on saanud kümme korda plaatinaplaadi tiitli), mida on müüdud üle 12 miljoni koopia. Kasutatud Kirjandus : 1. http://et.wikipedia.org 2. http://www.hot.ee/smaddy/reggae.html
mai 1981) oli Jamaica reggaelaulja, laulusõnade autor, kitarrist ja rastafari. Ta oli ska-, rocksteady- ja reggae-bändide: The Wailers (19641974) ja Bob Marley & the Wailers (19741981) põhilaulja, laulusõnade autor ja kitarrist. Vaatamata sellele, et ta suri peaaegu kolmkümmend aastat tagasi, on ta kõige laialdasemalt tuntud ska/reggae- muusika esitaja ja teda tunnustatakse mehena, kes on aidanud levitada Jamaica muusikat üle kogu maailma. Marley tuntumad hitid on "I Shot the Sheriff", "No Woman, No Cry", "Exodus", "Could You Be Loved", "Stir It Up", "Jamming", "Redemption Song", "One Love"; koos Wailersiga "Three Little Birds"; ning postuumselt välja antud "Buffalo Soldier" ja "Iron Lion Zion" AC/DC Malcolm Young rajas 1973. aastal koos trummari Colin Burgessi ja basskitarristi Larry van Kriedtiga uue bändi, kuhu kaasati ka Malcolmi noorem vend Angus. Lauljaks võeti Dave Evans, kes oli varem olnud Malcolmiga samas bändis Velvet Underground (ei ole otseselt
· The subject matter: o Everyday life of common people o Local history o Legend and folklore o Most common motifs: disappointed love, jealousy, revenge, sudden disaster, adventure, war and death, the supernatural · The most famous group of ballads the Robin Hood cycle. He is said to have been a yeoman but his real life is overshadowed by the ballads. Characters: o Friar Tuck o Little John o Maid Marian o The Sheriff of Nottingham feudal authorities o Guy Gisborne o King Richard I AKA Richard the Lionheart o Prince John · The cycle represents the growing tensions between the farmers and the feudal lords. · Other ballads: o Historical ballads - "Chevy Chase" A rivalry between an English and a Scottish family o Love ballads "Childe Waters" Celebrates the eternal love of Ellen for Childe Waters who doesn't love her and treats her cruelly
Brehon laws survived in the Highlands until the 1800s. Scots law provides for three types of courts responsible for the administration of justice: civil, criminal and heraldic. The supreme civil court is the Court of Session, although civil appeals can be taken to the House of Lords. The High Court of Justiciary is the supreme criminal court. Both courts are housed at Parliament House, in Edinburgh, which was the home of the pre-Union Parliament of Scotland. The sheriff court is the main criminal and civil court. There are 49 sheriff courts throughout the country. District courts were introduced in 1975 for minor offences. The Court of the Lord Lyon regulates heraldry. The Scots legal system is unique in having three possible verdicts for a criminal trial: "guilty", "not guilty" and "not proven". Both "not guilty" and "not proven" result in an acquittal with no possibility of retrial.
It had the right to choose kings & to agree the use of the king's laws. Without its support the king's authority was in danger. Large council meetings were called by the king during major festivals such as Christmas & Easter, or to solve major disputes. Even today the king or queen has a Privy Council, a group of advisers on the affairs of the state. The Saxons divided the land into shires. Over each shire was appointed a shire reeve, in time became shortened to ,,sheriff". Shire moots took place regularly. The first lords were called aldermen. As many bishops & monks were from France & Germany, close contacts with Europe were encouraged. England exported woollen goods, cheese, pottery, hunting dogs, metal goods. It imported wine, fish, pepper, jewelry and wheel-made pottery.
security (n unc) segment (n) seize the chance (phr) selection (n) self-centred (adj) self-disciplined (adj) self-esteem (n) selfless (adj) self-loading (adj) self-righteous (adj) sensational (adj) sense of humour (phr) senseless (adj) sensible (adj) sensitive (adj) sensor (n) sensory (adj) serve (in) (v) session (n) set (n) set a record (phr) set down (v) set up (phr v) setback (n) set-top box (n) shadow (n) shape (v) share (v) shark-infested (adj) sheer (adj) sheet (n) shelter (n) shepherd (n) sheriff (n) 25 shield (v) shin (n) shiver (v) shooting star (n) shopaholic (n) shop-lifting (n) shortage (n) shorten (v) short-lived (adj) shot (n) sibling (n) side-effect (n) sigh (v) sighting (n) signal (v) significant (adj) similar to (adj) simulated (adj) simultaneously (adv) singe (v) single out (phr v) single-minded (adj) sinister (adj) sink (v) sitcom (n) skin tone (n) skinny (adj) slap (v) sleeve (n) slice (v) slip (v) slogan (n) smash a record (phr)
närimismänguasju ning palju muud põnevat. 6.7 Cars CARS on üks kuumim Disney/Pixar animafilme, mille litsent kuulub Ameerika firmale Mattel. Mattel on loonud erinevaid mänguasju, mis on inspireeritud selle animafilmi eriskummalise maailma autodest. Cars hõlmab kokku 16 eriilmelist multikategelast, kellega koos on lastel lõbus taasesitada filmist tuttavaid episoode. Sortimenti kuulub: Pikne McQueen, Sally, Mater the Tow Truck, Doc Hudson, Dinoco McQueen, Filmore, Sheriff, Chick Hicks, Ramone, Wingo, The King, Lizzie, Sarge, Leakless, Nitroade jne. 6.8 Hot Wheels Maailma enimmüüdud mänguautode bränd Hot Wheels® saavutas poiste seas populaarsuse oma pilkupüüdvate hot-rod¹ide ja ülivõimsate autode mudelitega. Tänapäeval on võimalik valida ligi 10 000 Hot Wheels®¹i mudeli vahel. Peale automudelite kuuluvad Hot Wheels®¹i sarja erinevad aksessuaarid ja muud sõidukid, näiteks laetavad elektriautod, rongi-, mootorratta- ning lennukimudelid
It was considered dangerous to exert any kind of pressure on him. Therefore, he was allowed to read whatever he pleased and from an early age he began to collect old Scottish ballads and study the history of his native land. By the time he was strong enough to go to the Edinburgh High School, he had gathered an unusual store of knowledge. He was apprenticed to his father. As a schoolboy he mastered the French and Italian. Scott studied law and became sheriff of Selkirkshire and clerk of the Court. He wrote a number of ballads. A book by Goethe gave him wider ideas. Scott wrote novels, among which were "Guy Mannering", "Rob Roy", "Waverly", "and Ivanhoe". Together with his former schoolmate he set up a printing firm, joining him as a sleeping-partner. For two years he suffered from very serious attacks of ill-health. He almost died. And he still continued receiving visitors, who kept coming and going all the time. His publishing firm went bankrupt
Normannide esimeseks eesmärgiks oli oma võimu kindlustamine, hakkasid linnuseid rajama. Oli suunatud anglosakside vastu. Nende maa ja vara omastati ning jaotati normannide toetajate vahel laiali. See tekitas tsentraliseeritud kontrolli, kui seni anglosaksi perioodil oli maapiirkondadel suur suveräänsus, siis nüüd oli oluline mitte lasta maakohtades suurmaavaldajatel oma suva järgi tegutseda ning seetõttu saadeti sinna kontroll – rida ametnikke, oluliseim SHERIFF. SHERIFF- Kujunesid 16.sajandini, olid kõige tähtsamad nii administratiiv kui kohtuvõimu esindajad. Olid suurmaavaldajad igas shires v countys. Said väga kiirelt kõige vihatumaks amentikuks, kuna tegutsesid jõuliselt kuninga huvides: finantsasjades, sõjanduses, kohtuasjades, kuninga korralduste ja seaduste kuulutamisel ja täitmise kontrollimises olid nad kuninga huvide kaitsjad. Liikusid ka ringi ja võisid tüliküsimusi lahendada. Olid ametlikud eesistujad ka krahvkonna kohtutes.
(In most of Europe witches were burned but in England and the North American colonies the punishment was hanging). Another man, 80 year old Giles Corey was pressed to death. He was accused of being a witch but before the trial could proceed he had to plead guilty or not guilty. Corey bravely refused to plead. To try and force him heavy weights were placed on him. The unfortunate man eventually died from this torture. (At one point his tongue was forced out of his mouth and the sheriff, George Corwin, pushed it back in with a cane). Furthermore four people died in prison while awaiting trial (Lyndia Dustin, Ann Foster, Sarah Osborne and Roger Toothaker). The witch mania began when two girls, 9 year old Betty Parris and her 11 year old cousin Abigail Williams tried fortune telling. The two were staying with Betty's father, Reverend Samuel Parris. During the winter they and their friends dabbled with fortune telling by cracking eggs into a
But they had a great effect on the countryside, where they founded the thousands of self- sufficient villages which formed the basis of English society during the next thousand or so years. They cut down many forest areas in the valleys to make new fields. 32 The Anglo-Saxons divided the land into new administrative areas shires. Over each shire was appointed a shire reeve (OE scir-gerefa), the king’s local administrator. In time his title became shortened to sheriff. These shires, established by the end of the tenth century, have remained almost exactly the same for a thousand years. ‘Shire’ is the Saxon word which is now obsolete; it has been replaced with the Norman word county but still exists in the names of over 20 modern counties in England: Derbyshire, Hampshire, Oxfordshire, etc. Back to Europe Christianity reached Britain and Ireland well before it was accepted by the
Common law: Common law (pretsedentidel rajanev) on õigus, mida arendavad kohtunikud otsuste kaudu konkreetsetes juhtumites, mitte seadused, mida loovad seadusandjad või valitsusasutused (statute law). Parlamendis vastu võetud seadus muudab tava. Levinud Briti saartel, endistest Briti kolooniates (USAs, Austraalias jm Pärast William Vallutajat oli keskvõim nõrk Paralleelsed kohtud: kuningakohtud, anglo-sakside kohalikud kohtud (shire, sheriff), kirikukohtud Kasutati ordaale Kuningakohus (paikne ja reisiv) Kuninglikud writid (määras osapooled, asja ja protseduuri) Vandekohus (Jury) vox dei asemele vox populi Kitsamas tähenduses on üldine õigus kohtuotsuste kogum, mis tervikuna moodustavad pretsedendi tulevaste kohtuasjade otsustamiseks. Üldist õigust loovad kohtunikud. Magna Charta 1215 John Maata
am f s Gr elp Often nouns that end in -f, just need -s to form the plural. Singular Plural Singular Plural chef chefs handkerchief handkerchiefs chief chiefs roof roofs cliff cliffs sheriff sheriffs For some words that end in -f, the plural can be spelled in two different ways. Singular Plural s dwarf dwarfs or dwarves f hoof hoofs or hooves ves scarf scarfs or scarves
the kingdom, who appointed a council of twelve. Edward I invaded, commencing the Wars of Scottish Independence. The Scots were defeated. John was imprisoned in the Tower of London briefly at first, but eventually released and allowed to go to France. *William Wallace was a Scottish patriot who lead a resistance during the Wars of Scottish Independence. Wallace enters history when he killed the English Sheriff of Lanark. Soon after that other men joined him to fight against the English. It was a remarkable achievement for a mere knight to hold power over the nobles of Scotland. Wallace's extraordinary military success catapulted him to the top of the social ladder. He defeated an English army at Stirling, and became Guardian of Scotland, serving until his defeat at the Battle of Falkirk. After several years in hiding, Wallace was eventually found and captured and executed.
In revenge plots, the Call to Adventure is often a wrong which must be set right, an offense against the natural order of things. In The Count of Monte Cristo, Edmond Dantes is unjusdy imprisoned and is driven to escape by his desire for revenge. T h e plot of Beverly Hills Cop is set in motion by the murder of the hero's best friend. In First Blood R a m b o is motivated by his unfair treatment at the hands of an intolerant sheriff. In romantic comedies, the Call to Adventure might be the first encounter with the special but annoying someone the hero or heroine will be pursuing and sparring with. T h e Call to Adventure establishes the stakes of the game, and makes clear the hero's goal: to win the treasure or the lover, to get revenge or right a wrong, to achieve a dream, confront a challenge, or change a life. W h a t ' s at stake can often be expressed as a question posed by the call
David Kaplan once maintained (in a 1971 lecture) that there is at least one real-world example of this type that favors the CausalHistorical Theory over Searle's account of referring: the name "Robin Hood." It seems historians had discovered that there really was a person who (causally) gave rise to the Robin Hood legend. It turns out, though, that that person was not poor, he lived nowhere near Sherwood Forest, he was not an outlaw (in fact, he and the Sheriff of Nottingham were fairly close), and his name was not even "Robin Hood." On the causalhistorical account, this makes perfect sense. 9 This move would also help with two similar problems: the names of future individuals ("Let's try to have a baby, and if we succeed its name will be `Kim'"); and the names of abstract objects, such as individual numbers, which have no causal powers. You should wonder why, if the relevant causalhistorical chain originated in
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