This is a post-refereeing final draft. When citing, please refer to the published version: Cohen, S.A. (2011). Lifestyle travellers: Backpacking as a way of life. Annals of Tourism Research, 38(4), 1535-1555. DOI: 10.1016/j.annals.2011.02.002 LIFESTYLE TRAVELLERS: Backpacking as a way of life Scott A. Cohena Bournemouth University, United Kingdom a corresponding author: School of Tourism, Dorset House, Talbot Campus, Poole, Dorset, BH12 5BB, United Kingdom. Tel: +44 1202 961261 Fax: +44 1202 515707 Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Scholarship on backpackers speculates some individuals may extend backpacking to a way of life. This article empirically explores this proposition using lifestyle consumption as its framing concept and conceptualises individuals who style their lives around the enduring practice of backpacking as ‘lifestyle travellers’. Ethn...
As a paradigm or worldview, constructivism (as a learning theory) states that learning is an active, contextualized process of constructing knowledge rather than acquiring it. Knowledge is constructed based on personal experiences and hypotheses of the environment. Learners continuously test these hypotheses through social negotiation. Each person has a different interpretation and construction of knowledge process. The learner is not a blank slate (tabula rasa) but brings past experiences and cultural factors to a situation The term ,,Constructivism" was first introduced to IR theory in 1989 by Nicholas Onuf. It was first considered as an interpretive meta-theory, a reflectivist approach. It emphasizes the social construction of world affairs as opposed to the claim of (neo)realists that international politics is shaped by the rational-choice behaviour/decisions of egoist actors who pursue their interests by making utilitarian...
Work as a calling and organisational commitment Organisational commitment Definition Multiple definitions of organisational commitment are found in the literature. There is some of them. In organisational behavior and industrial and organisational psychology, organisational commitment is the individual's psychological attachment to the organisation. Organisational commitment predicts work variables such as turnover, organisational citizenship behavior, and job performance. In Business Dictionary is written that organisational commitment is a strength of the feeling of responsibility that an employee has towards the mission of the organisation. Porter et al further describes organisational commitment as an attachment to the organisation, characterised by an intention to remain in it; an identification with the values and goals of the organisation; and a willingness to exert extra effort on its behalf. Another perspect...
Project Plan Bellacoola The Bella Coola Development Study merges community requirements for the envisioned facility and the alternative approaches to building on the Bella Coola Northern Pointe site. Consultants’ reports regarding structural considerations and tree evaluation are included for their continued application to the problem. An effort has been made to work with the full extent of space requirements currently voiced by the Western Division Management Center and the Bella Coola Village Organization. Other organizations were queried to form the basis of judgment in determining the overall need. This recognizes that as the program development progresses, tenant requirements may change, but the essential square footage and cubic limitations for a below grade structure will remain. In addition, it has been envisioned that jointly required facilities would be available for all organizations to use on a shared basis, utilizing mova...
British Literature in the 20th-21st Century REVISION QUESTIONS 1. The Contradictory, diverse, chaotic 20th century. New developments in science and philosophy. The essence and influence of Freudian theory. Contradictory, diverse, chaotic 20th c- simultaneous rejection and invocation of the past. While modernists apotheosized the creative geniuses of the past, they also rejected old poetic forms. Challenge old and established beliefs and more and more people had access to books and education more people went to universities. profound change in morals: · No universal value and perspective on things · Multiple truths, multiple perspectives · Nothing has inherent (kaasasündinud, sisemist) importance · Life lacks purpose Science: Albert Einstein-general theory of relativity had a huge impact on culture as well. Everything is relative. Philosophy:...
PSYCHOLOGY PART 1: CORE Biological level of analysis Outline principles that define the biological level of analysis. 1) Behavior can be innate, because it is genetically based. Evolution may play a key role in behavior. 2) Animals may be studied as a means of understanding human behavior. 3) There are biological correlates of behavior. Cognitions, emotions and behaviors are products of the anatomy and physiology of our nervous and endocrine system. Explain how principles of the biological level of analysis may be demonstrated in research. 1) Correlational studies: Study by Buss, who hypothesized that across cultures, men will prefer to marry younger women because of greater reproductive capacity and women will place greater value on a potential mate's earning potential to provide survival advantages. This evolutionary hypothesis was tested in 37 cultures by sending out questione...
22 Myers, Kitsuse 2000 Constracting the Future in Planning Planning’s broad relevance and its interdisciplinary inclusiveness have served as both a strength and a vulnerability. One emphasis that has been identified as central to the intellectual and professional identity or mission of planning is “foresight” (Markusen 1998), “a focus on the future and pathways of change over time” (Strategic Marketing Committee of ACSP 1997), or “persuasive storytelling about the future” A Surprising Neglect (hüljatud). “....planning has lost sight of the future....Planning voluntarily is sacrificing its role as visionary and idealist and is abandoning its responsibility to be a source of inspiration and ideas about what might be and what ought to be”. In planning practice, the recent surge of interest in visioning exercises has raised awareness of planners’ role in shaping the future, in some cases 3 bri...
ECKHART TOLLE A NEW EARTH Awakening to Your Life's Purpose CONTENTS Chapter One The Flowering of Human Consciousness – 6 Evocation..................................................................................................6 The Purpose of This Book........................................................................8 Our Inherited Dysfunction........................................................................10 The Arising New consciousness..............................................................12 Spirituality and Religion..........................................................................14 The Urgency of Transformation...............................................................16 A New Heaven and a new Earth...............................................................18 ...
UNIVERSITY OF TARTU DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH Using Blogs as a Platform in the Teaching of English as a Foreign Language Research paper Tartu 2010 ABSTRACT This work analyses the usefulness of blogging in teaching English as a foreign language. The definition of the term `blog' is provided along with the advantages and disadvantages of blogs' usage in practice. The analysis of language skills developed by students throughout the use of blogs for learning purposes is given in the paper with possible limitations that blogs have. Author of this paper also shares personal comments about the experience in the field. In this paper it is also described which research methods are planned to be employed for the conduction of research project. ...
Sotsiaalpsühholoogia 1. SP kui teadus SP osa psühholoogiateadusest. SP maastik: eneseteadvus ja identiteet, sotsiaalne taju ja hoiakud, inimestevahelised suhted ja sotsiaalne mõju, suhtlemine, grupid ja grupiprotsessid ... Gordon Allport (1954): "Social psychology is an attempt to understand and explain how the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined or implied presence of other human beings". Tänapäeval: "SP is the study of the causes and concequences of interpersonal behaviour" (Schachter, Gilbert, Wegner, 2012) SR = inimestevaheliste suhete ruum - seaduspärasused, seletused, mõõtmine, sekkumine ... Populaarne SP: sõprade leidmine ja suhete hoidmine, mõjutamine, juhtimine ja eestvedamine, suhtlemisõpetused, üksindus ja üksildus ... Teaduslik ja tarbepsühholoogia. Meie - lai pilt SP-st - alus k...
SISUKORD 1. Sotsaalpsühholoogia......................................................2 2. Inimsuhete ajalooline areng...........................................7 3. Eneseteadvus..............................................................17 4. Sotsiaalne taju............................................................23 5. Hoiakud......................................................................30 6. Sotsiaalne mõju...........................................................35 7. Inimestevahelised suhted.............................................45 8. Inimsuhete ruumiline mõõde........................................49 9. Grupid ja gruppidevahelised suhted..............................54 9a Zimbardo vanglaeksperiment......................................62 10. Liider grupis..............................................................66 11. Agressiivsus ja prosotsiaalne käitumine......................77 12. Suhtlemine I..............
http://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/religious-projections-2010-2050/ APRIL 2, 2015 The Future of World Religions: Population Growth Projections, 2010-2050 Why Muslims Are Rising Fastest and the Unaffiliated Are Shrinking as a Share of the World’s Population The religious profile of the world is rapidly changing, driven primarily by differences in fertility rates and the size of youth populations among the world’s major religions, as well as by people switching faiths. Over the next four decades, Christians will remain the largest religious group, but Islam will grow faster than any other major religion. If current trends continue, by 2050 … The number of Muslims will nearly equal the number of Christians around the world. Atheists, agnostics and other people who do not affiliate with any religion – though increasing in countries such as the United States and Fra...
Philosophy of Language Philosophy of Language: a Contemporary Introduction introduces the student to the main issues and theories in twentieth and twenty-first-century phi- losophy of language, focusing specifically on linguistic phenomena. Topics are structured in four parts in the book. Part I, Reference and Referring, includes topics such as Russell's Theory of Descriptions, Donnellan's distinction, problems of anaphora, the description theory of proper names, Searle's cluster theory, and the causalhistorical theory. Part II, Theories of Meaning, surveys the competing theories of linguistic mean- ing and compares their various advantages and liabilities. Part III, Pragmatics and Speech Acts, introduces the basic concepts of linguistic pragmatics, includes a detailed discussion of the problem of indirect force and surveys approaches to metaphor. Part IV, new to this edition, examines the four theories of metaphor. Features...
Challenges of children`s “participation”: A Case Study of active citizenship in Cadle Primary School Gerli Orumaa – 662974 9th of May 2014 Word Count: 8,800 `Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of B.A. International Relations` Table of Contents Abstract 3 Introduction 4 Chapter 1: Citizenship, Children`s Rights and Participation: from the UN to the UK 6 Chapter 2: Citizenship Education in Wales………………………………………………14 Active Citizenship in Cadle Primary School: A Case Study 20 Conclusion 29 Bibliography 32 Appendices Appendix 1: The United Convention of the Rights of the Child Appendix 2: Interview with Jamie Richards, the Head Teacher of Cadle Primary School 2 Abstract: Children inhe...
Rakendusliku geopoliitika lühikonspekt Geopoliitiline faktor poliitikas ja geostrateegia. Geopoliitikas uuritakse välja- ehk ruumifrnomeeni ärakasutamist riigi poliitiliste, sõjaliste kui majanduslike huvide ja eesmärkide teostamiseks nii agresiivsetel kui kaitseeesmärkidel. Mõiste geopoliitika sai oma nime rootsi riigiteadlase Rudolf Kjellénilt (1864-1922), kes võtis selle termini kasutuseke 1899.a. Ta hakkas riiki vaatlema kui sotsiaalset ja majanduslikku jõudu. R. Kjelléni kohaselt moodustavad geopoliitika, majanduspoliitika, rahvastikupoliitika, sotisaalpoliitika ja võimupoliitika riigi kui eluvormi, mille eemärgiks on saavutada geograafiline täiuslikkus. Kjelléni definitsiooni kohaselt on geopoliitika kui õpetus riigist, mis on ühtlasi geograafiline organism ja ruumifenomen. Kjellén andis geopoliitikale selgepiirilise raamistiku. Oma teoses Staten som lifsform ("Riik kui eluvorm" 1916) tõi ta välja, et geopoliitika ob...
Sotsiaalpsühholoogia SISSEJUHATUS Sotsiaalpsühholoogia SP osa psühholoogiateadusest. SP maastik: eneseteadvus ja identiteet, sotsiaalne taju ja hoiakud, inimestevahelised suhted ja sotsiaalne mõju, suhtlemine, grupid ja grupiprotsessid Sotsiaalpsühholoogiat huvitab inimvaheliste suhete maailma Gordon Allport (1954): "Social psychology is an attempt to understand and explain how the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined or implied presence of other human beings". SR = inimestevaheliste suhete ruum - seaduspärasused, seletused, mõõtmine, sekkumine ... Populaarne ehk tarbepsühholoogia: sõprade leidmine ja suhete hoidmine, mõjutamine, juhtimine ja eestvedamine, suhtlemisõpetused, üksindus ja üksildus ... Teaduslik psühholoogia see, milles võib kindel olla Meie - lai pilt SP-st - alus kitsamatele kursustele isiksusepsühholoogia, suhtlemispsühholoogia, mõj...
ISIKSUSEPSÜHHOLOOGIA I eksam 22.mai kell 16.15-17.30, M-22 eksam II eksam 4.juuni III aeg sügissemestri vahenädalal. I LOENG I TEOORIA Teooria komponendid: ühik, postulaadid, ennustused, hüpoteesid. Teooria headus: koherentsus, relevantsus, piisavus, ökonoomsus, lihtsus. Metateooria. – teooriate teooriad. Ühikuga alustatakse mudeli loomist. Selleks on käitumine või püsijoon (ajas muutumatu). Postulaadid – „mis siis tuleb kui..“ Teooria headus: llihtne, ei sisalda kõiksust, mittevastuoluline, teeb mõõdetavaid ennustusi. 2. ISIKSUSE TEOORIAD. Filosoofilised eeldused: - Determinism. - Pärilikkus. Keskkond muudab pärilikkuse poolt determineeritud skeeme. - Unikaalsus. - Proaktiivsus. Isiksus on aktiivne. - Teaduslikkuse printsiip. 3. ISIKSUSE KIRJELDAMINE: Nomoteetiline lähenemine – samad isiksuse jooned, erinevus vaid joonte väljenduses. Saavutame võimalus...
THE W R I T E R ' S JOURNEY M Y T H I C STRUCTURE FOR W R I T E R S THIRD EDITION CHRISTOPHER VOGLER S C R E E N W R I T I N G / W R I T I N G Christopher Vogler explores the powerful relationship between mythology and storytelling in his clear, concise style that's made i this book required reading for movie executives, screenwriters, playwrights, fiction and non-fiction writers, scholars, and fans of pop culture all over the world. Discover a set of useful myth-inspired storytelling paradigms like "The Hero's Journey," and step-by-step guidelines to plot and • character development. Based on the work of Joseph Campbell, The Writers Jour...
More praise for Influence: Science and Practice! "We've known for years that people buy based on emotions and justify their buying decision based on logic. Dr. Cialdini was able, in a lucid and cogent manner, to tell us why this happens." --MARK BLACKBURN, Sr. Vice President, Director of Insurance Operations, State Auto Insurance Companies "Dr. Cialdini's ability to relate his material directly to the specifics of what we do with our customers and how we do it, enabled us to make significant changes. His work has enabled us to gain significant competitive differentiation and advantage" -LAURENCE HOF, Vice President, Relationship Consulting, Advanta Corporation "This will help executives make better decisions and use their influence wisely ... Robert Cialdini has had a greater impact on my thinking on this topic than any other scientist." -CHARLES T...
EHITUSTEADUSKOND Ehitustootluse instituut KUIDAS MUUDAB MUDELPROJEKTEERIMINE TERASKONSTRUKTSIOONIDE PROJEKTEERIMIST, VALMISTAMIST JA EHITAMIST? HOW ARE 3D AND BIM CHANGING THE DESIGN, FABRICATION AND CONSTRUCTION OF COMPLEX STEEL STRUCTURES? EPJ 60 LT Üliõpilane: Tanel Friedenthal Juhendaja: Prof. Roode Liias Kaasjuhendaja: Prof. Carrie S. Dossick Tallinn, 2010.a. Olen koostanud lõputöö iseseisvalt. Kõik töö koostamisel kasutatud teiste autorite tööd, olulised seisukohad, kirjandusallikatest ja mujalt pärinevad andmed on viidatud. …………………………………………….. (töö autori allkiri ja kuupäev) Üliõpilase kood: 041399 Töö vastab magistritööle esitatud nõuetele ……………………………………………… ...
Handbook of Meat Processing Handbook of Meat Processing Fidel Toldrá EDITOR A John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Publication Edition first published 2010 © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Blackwell Publishing was acquired by John Wiley & Sons in February 2007. Blackwell’s publishing program has been merged with Wiley’s global Scientific, Technical, and Medical business to form Wiley-Blackwell. Editorial Office 2121 State Avenue, Ames, Iowa 50014-8300, USA For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services, and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book, please see our website at www.wiley.com/ wiley-blackwell. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use, or the internal or personal use of specific clients, is granted by Blackwell Publishing, provided that the base fee is paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Cent...
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