100 th anniversary of Estonian Film Karina Laagus Form 9 First movie The first film was directed in 1912. It is called ,,Vigurlendur Utotskini lend" and filmed by Johannes Pääsuke. My favourite Estonian film star Rasmus Kaljujärv (born March 28, 1981 in Tartu) is an Estonian actor. Kaljujärv started his movie career in 2003 and has played in 10 films and television series. His father Hannes Kaljujärv is also wellknown Estonian actor. My favourite film star Ott Sepp (born 29 June 1982) is an Estonian actor, singer, writer and television presenter. Born in Tallinn, Sepp graduated from the Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre in 2004 and began performing at the Estonian Drama Theatre in 2005. Roles in
Estonian Language Estonian laguage(previously called ,,ground language" by estonians in old days) belongs into Finno-Ugric language group. It is spoken by about 1.1 million people, mostly in Estonia. Some people have said Estonian reminds them of the sound of babbling water. Some non-Estonian people I know just say it sounds weird. Estonian language is closely related to Finnish. Originally they were a single language but they parted about 5000 years ago. Most of Estonian vocabulary is borrowed from other languages like German ang English. Very few of Estonian words are originally Estonian. For example, suu (mouth), vesi (water) and ema (mother). One thing that features Estonian is that unlike any other language, Estonian has three degrees of phoneme lenght: short, long and overlong. Pronouncing the phoneme differently can change the meaning of the word. There are many different dialects in Estonian language. The dialects are
the first connecting Valga and Pärnu in 1896, then Mõisaküla to Viljandi (1897), later extended via Paide to Tallinn in 1901 PRESENT SERVICES The rail transport system in Estonia consists of circa 1,200 kilometres of railway lines, of which 900 kilometres are currently in public use. The infrastructure of the railway network is mostly owned by the state and is regulated and surveyed by the Estonian Railway Inspectorate (Estonian: Raudteeinspektsioon). All public railways in Estonia are 1,520 mm , the same as in Russia, Belarus, Latvia, and Lithuania. The 1,520 km gauge used in Estonia is also compatible with Finland's 1,524 km gauge. Sometimes it is defined to be 1,524 km, for example when buying track maintenance or vehicles from Finland. Railways in Estonia today are used mostly for freight transport, but also for passenger traffic. Passenger transport is most
Estonian geography The territory of Estonia covers 45,227 km2. Estonia is situated in the Baltic Region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea. Its neighbor countries are to the south Latvia, to the east Russia, to the north and over the Gulf of Finland, Finland and to the west and over the Baltic Sea, Sweden. Most of the lowland areas are in the middle of Estonia. Average elevation reaches only 50 meters and the country's highest point is the Suur Munamägi in the southeast at 318 meters. There is 3,794 kilometers of coastline marked by numerous bays, straits, and inlets. The number of islands and islets is estimated at some 1,500. Two of them are large enough to constitute separate counties: Saaremaa and Hiiumaa. A small, recent cluster of meteorite craters, the largest of which is called Kaali is found on Saaremaa, Estonia. Estonia h...
Estonian people Rait Rehemets Kenor Pille Population of Estonia · The population of Estonia is 1 340 194 (1.01.2011) . Estonian people · Estonians are a Finnic peoples, closely related to the Finns. Estonian faith · Estonians is the Christian faith. This is one of the Estonian people(male). This is one of the Estonian people (female). Estonians description · The Estonians are a sort of people.Some of them are hardworking and others, again, lazy . Estonia's most famous athlethe · Name:Erki Nool · Erki Nool was born on 25th June 1970,in Võru. · Age:40 years · Erki Nool won many gold medals. The picture of Erki Nool Sources used: · Google pictures · Wikipeedia
Estonian holidays Robert Rootsi Allan Marran LE10 Christmas Christmas , also referred to as Christmas Day, is an annual holiday celebrated on December 25 or January 7 that commemorates the birth of Jesus of Nazareth. Modern customs of the holiday include gift-giving, Church celebrations, and the display of various. Estonian people bring Christmas tree indoors and decorate it with straw ,glass balls and candles. On the 24th December people leave work early, families gather, Santa Clouse comes , everybody gives gifts. People are very calm at Christmas time and they support each other. New Year's Eve New Year's Eve is on December 31, the final day of the Gregorian year, and the day before New Year's Day. New Year' s Eve is celebrated all around
Estonian teen How do you spend your free time? I'm pretty busy. Every day, I have music school, choir, or basketball training. I have been going to music school for seven years, and I'm going to graduate this spring. I have been going to basketball training for two years. I unfortunately can't go there very often because of music studies. When I'm home, I usually spend my free time on the computer or playing the guitar. What do you like / dislike about living in Võru? I can't tell anything which I particularly do not like. This year I don't like that the school has been moved to another building, which doubles the distance between my home and school. I like that Võru is such a small and quiet town, which makes it nice and secure to live in. Do you get any pocket money? I don't get any certain amount of pocket money. When I need to buy something or just want money, I ask my parents. Of course, I have mo...
Third level Fourth level Fifth level Eduard Viiralt Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level Eduard Viiralt was an Estonian artist. He was born near St. Petersburg on March 20th, 1898 (died in Paris, France, January 8th, 1954). Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level
The traditional cuisine of Estonia has substantially been based on meat and potatoes, and on fish in coastal and lakeside areas, but is influenced by many other cuisines by now. In the present day it includes a variety of international foods and dishes, with a number of contributions from the traditions of nearby countries. German, Scandinavian, Russian and other influences have played their part. The most typical foods in Estonia have been rye bread, pork, potatoes and dairy products. Estonian eating habits have historically been closely linked to the seasons. In terms of staples, Estonia belongs firmly to the beer, vodka, rye bread and pork "belt" of Europe. The Cold Table Flounder The first course in traditional Estonian cuisine is based on cold dishes - a selection of meats and sausages served with potato salad or Rosolje, an Estonian signature dishes based on beetroot, meat and herring . Small pastries called pirukad ("pirukas" in the singular) - a
estonian culture The culture of Estonia incorporates indigenous heritage, as represented by the country's rare Finno-Ugric national language Estonian, with mainstream Nordic and European cultural aspects. Due to its history and geography, Estonia's culture has been influenced by the traditions of the adjacent area's various Finnic, Baltic, Slavic and Germanic peoples as well as the cultural developments in the former dominant powers Sweden and Russia. Traditionally, Estonia has been seen as an area of rivalry between western and eastern Europe on many levels. An example of this geopolitical legacy is an
Pärnu is a city in southwestern Estonia on the coast of Pärnu Bay, an inlet of the Gulf of Riga in theBaltic Sea. It is a popular summer vacation resort with many hotels, restaurants, and large beaches. The Pärnu River flows through the city and drains into the Gulf of Riga. The city is served by Pärnu Airport. Pärnu is a health resort of international stature. Hotel and restaurant staff speaks English, Russian and some Finnish in addition to Estonian. Since 1996 Pärnu has been known as Estonia's Summer Capital. Paide is called ,,the heart of Estonia". It is the closest town to me. It is the capital of Järva County, Estonia. A castle built by the Livonian Brothers of the Sword is located here. The town was formally founded 30th of September 1291 by Halt, master of the Livonian Order. The well-known composer Arvo Pärt was born here, as were film actress Ita Ever and author Hermann Hesse's father Johannes Hesse
Estonian teen How do you spend your free time? I’m usually quite busy after school. I go to my home eat and study for a while. Then I’m going to my training lesson every weekday and when it’s finished the time is half past seven and I have to finish my studying. I’m usually don’t have much free time. What do you like / dislike about living in Võru? I like Võru because it is a small city and the traffic is very light. I don’t have to walk very long to get one place to another. Do you get any pocket money? Yes, I have 10 euros for a month. I use it mostly to buy sweets because I love different sweats. What do you argue with your parent about most? I don’t argue with my parents lot. When I argue then mostly about how much do I have to study and why I don’t take school a much more serious. I really don’t have any reasons to argue with my parents because I like following rules. How is school life for ...
Estonian language Seliin-Doris Tsinjakov 11. Klass Kehra Gümnaasium · Estonian is the official language of Estonia. · Spoken natively by about 1.1 million people. · It belongs to the Finnic branch of the Uralic language family. Classification · Belongs to the Finnic branch of the Uralic languages, along with Finnish, Karelian, and other nearby languages. · Estonian has been influenced by Swedish, German and Russian, though it is not related to them genetically. History · The two different historical Estonian languages, the North and South Estonian languages, are based on the ancestors of modern Estonians migration into the territory of Estonia in at least two different waves, both groups speaking considerably different Finnic vernaculars. · Modern standard Estonian has evolved on the basis of the dialects of Northern Estonia.
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PÄRNU VANALINNA PÕHIKOOL Markus Toomsalu ESTONIAN AIR Uurimustöö 7. klass Pärnu 2013 SISSEJUHATUS Ma valisin selle teema kuna seda on viimasel ajal palju meedias kajastatud ja mind huvitavad lennukid. See töö räägib Estonian airi ajaloost, tegevusest ja annab muud informatsiooni selle firma kohta. ESTONIAN AIR
Estonian presidents Estonia has only had 4 presidents, since it's been a republic for little time. Konstantin Päts (1874-1956) was the first president of Estonia. His reign as a president started in 1938 and ended in 1940. Päts' political career started early. He served as a municipal advisor in 1904 and had many political positions after that. With his speech during the War of Independence he put a basis to Estonian economy. Päts' position as a president ended when Soviet Union occupied Estonia in 1940. Päts was forced to leave his office and was deported to Leningrad with his family. In 1941, he was arrested. In time he ended up in psychiatric hospital, where he died in 1956. Konstantin Päts giving a speech in 1919. Lennart Meri (1929-2006). His reign as the second president of Estonia started in 1992 and ended in 2001. He started out as a writer and filmmaker. Through his political activeness he
Brita ESTONIAN FOOD Rasmus Roger Kregor EVERYDAY MEALS Breakfast Lunch Dinner HOLIDAY FOOD New Year's Eve Midsummer Day September 1 Christmas Birthdays NATIONAL DISHES Rye bread Baltic herring Kama DIFFERENT INFLUENCES ON ESTONIAN CUISINE Geographic location and climate Food preparation methods History and external influences Six step historical development OLD ESTONIAN CUISINE AKA PEASANT CUISINE Simple One sided With few spices Made of bread and starch Fish and meat that's high in salt and fat Coarseflour rye bread Butter and nuts GERMAN AKA MANOR CUISINE Quality and availability International connections St. Petersburg and Stockholm 1781 the first cookbook RUSSIAN CUISINE Dumplings Solyanka Rassolnik Borscht Beef stroganof Chicken Kiev Cottage cheese patty/donut Pasha THE BIRTH OF ESTONIAN CUISINE
● people came to railway stations ● 40 000-60 000 people Paul Keres ● January 7, 1916 ● chess grandmaster ● the world's top players from the mid-1930s to the mid-1960s. ● the strongest player never to become world champion ● one of the greatest players in history Jaan Talts ● 19 May 1944 ● weightlifter ● silver 1968 ● gold 1972 ● 41 WR ● lifted 500 kg Erika Saulmäe ● born 11 June 1962 ● track bicycle racer ● only Estonian female medallist ● gold in 1988, 1992 Andrus Veerpalu ● 8 February 1971 ● most successful male cross country skier ● 2002 gold and silver ● 2006 gold ● oldest world champion in history - 38 years old ● oldest Olympic champion in individual distance Kristina Šmigun-Vähi ● 23 February 1977 ● most successful Estonian female cross-country skier ● 2 gold medals 2006 ● silver 2010 ● first woman to win a medal at the Winter Olympics Museum of sport
A single nation. A million voices. The fall of and empire. Main events in Estonian history NIMI Ancient Estonia · Begins from around 8500 BC. · Worshipped the spirits of nature. · Own gods. · 5 periods: mesolithic, neolithic, bronze age, iron age, early middle ages. Click icon to add picture Click icon to add picture Estonian crusade · One of the last corners of medieval Europe to be christianized. · Against pagans in Estonia.
go study or live abroad, the population is aging as well – young people move away, while older stay there. Many different nationalities live there: besides Estonians there are Russians, Ukrainians, Belarussians, Finnish, Tatars, Latvians, Poles, Lithuanians, Jews, Germans and others. Due to this fact, the most popular languages spoken as a mother language are Estonian, Russian and Ukrainian. Nevertheless, there is still just one official language of Estonia, which is Estonian. Most of the people, approximately 900,000 live in the cities, such as Tallinn, Tartu, Narva. The most common sector that people work in is the service sector. People in Estonia are also involved in other sectors of industry, such as wood, construction, electronic and energy. Estonia is a democratic parliamentary republic. It has a single-chamber parliament with 101 members that are elected by the people in every four years. It is called Riigikogu.
Retsensioon Käisin Pärnus, Jõulujazzi festivali raames toimuval jõulukontserdil. Kontsert leidis aset 5.detsembril 2014.aastal kohvikus Fookus. Esines Eesti viimase aastakümne säravaim vokaalansambel Estonian Voices. Kontserdil esitleti kauaoodatud debüütalbumit "Ole hea" ning põneva originaalmuusika kõrval sai kuulda ka rahvamuusika seadeid ning lõbusaid arranžeeringuid tuntud hittidest. Enamike vokaalseadete autoriks oli Kadri Voorand keda võibki pidada grupi loominguliseks liidriks. Koos temaga laulsid ka Mikk Dede, Arno Tamm, Maria Väli, Mirjam Dede ja Aare Külama. Antud kontsert oli minu jaoks uus ja eriline igast küljest. Esiteks külastasin kohvikut Fookus
In Estonia, aside from Christmas, St John's Day is the most important days in the calendar. The short summer seasons with long days and brief nights hold special significance for the people of Estonia. St John's Day is celebrated in the night between 23rd and 24th of June, a few days after the summer solstice, when night seems to be nonexistent. For Estonians, Jaanipäev celebrations were merged with the celebration of Victory Day during the War of Independence when Estonian forces defeated the German troops on 23 June 1919. After this battle against Estonia's traditional oppressors, the lighting of the traditional bonfires became linked with the ideals of independence and freedom. St John's Day marks a change in the farming year, specifically the break between the completion of spring sowing and the hard work of summer haymaking. Midsummer's eve is important for lovers. Among Estonian fairy tales and literature there is the tale
Sauerkraut Sauerkraut is finely shredded cabbage that has been fermented by various lactic acid bacteria, including Leuconostoc, Lactobacillus, and Pediococcus. It has a long shelf-life and a distinctive sour flavor, both of which result from the lactic acid that forms when the bacteria ferment the sugars in the cabbage. It is therefore not to be confused with coleslaw, which receives its acidic taste from vinegar. People of Estonia like sauerkraut very much. They definitely a great dish for Christmas, because it`s really good to eat it with potatoes or something like that. To make sauerkraut yourself you need to have: 1 kg sauerkraut, 700 g slightly salted pork, 100 g barley grits, 2 tomatoes, salt. This is how you can do it: Boil the sauerkraut in a little water, on the top place the washed barley and the meat. Stew until soft, stirring now and then. Add salt. Place the sauerkraut with the s...
Education Estonian Style Until the age of 7 you usually go to kindergarten, which means that you obtain preschool education. In grades 1-9 you obtain basic education. In grades 7-9 in addition to obtaining basic education, it is possible for you to get prevocational training in basic school. For persons without basic education who have passed the minimum school-leaving age (17 years) it is possible to continue their education in vocational schools on vocational training programmes (within 0,52,5 years one obtains vocational skills) or in upper-secondary schools for adults. If you have basic education, then you have choices to continue your studies: Upper-secondary school for general upper-secondary education (3 years). Vocational school for vocational secondary education (at least 3 years). If you have (general or vocational) secondary education, then you have three choices to continue your studies. Voc...
Estonian Court System Estonia has a three-level court system. Estonian court system consists of four country courts, two administrative courts, three circuit courts and supreme court. Country courts and administrative courts are the courts of first instance, circuit courts are courts of appeal and the supreme court, situated in Tartu, is the court of the highest instance The Supreme Court is also the constitutional review court. In the structure of four country courts(Harju, Pärnu, Tartu and Viru) operate courthouses in every country seat(in Ida-
Estonian national holidays Christmas: The people decorate the christmas tree. On christmas eve people go to church. Children are waiting for Father Christmas. Christmas is on 24 Decmber. New Year's Day: People have parties on New Year's Eve. Usually they meet friends and relatives. People wish each other a Happy New Year. In the evning they gather in town quares. Midsummer Eve: People celebrate the longest day at the year. Usually they have garden parties. People make big bonfires. It is common stay up all night.
Estonian National Opera Pavel Kornev 9B Tallinn 2009 The National Opera "Estonia" was founded in 1906. Till 1949 the theatre staged both drama and musical productions. In the 1920s its opera and ballet troupes became separate entities; in every genre the theatre was then regarded as the leading one in the country. Its new house opened in 1913. It was the biggest and most imposing of the theatre buildings in Estonia. In World War II its building was bombed, but it was restored more or less in its former shape in 1947. In 1949 the Estonia was turned into an exclusively musical theatre staging operas, ballets and operettas. In 1998 it was officially given the status of National Opera. Art director since 2002 was Arne Mikk, at present the chief conductor of the theatre is Paul Mägi, the...
Estonian Drama Theatre 1) Estonian Drama Theatre is city theatre in Tallinn. 2) It is the largest non-musical theatre in Estonia. 3) Estonian Drama Theatre is situated right in the heart of Tallinn. The theatre has two halls, cosy bars and elegant foyers. 4) It´s was founded in 1920 under the leadership of Paul Sepp. 5) The Drama Theatre rent the contemporary building which in these days was owned by German Theatre Society. 6) In 1939 Drama studio Theatre finally bought it. 7) At the beginning the theatre was called the Dramastudio but in 1937 theatre was renamed - the new title was Estonian Drama Theatre.
Independence Day On 24 February, Independence Day is celebrated in the Rebublic of Estonia. This is the day that the Manifesto was declared in Tallinn 91 years ago. In responce to a period of Russification initiated by the Russian empire in the 1890's, Estonian nationalism took on more political tones, with intellectuals first calling for greater autonomy, and later, complete independence from the Russian empire. Following the Bolshevik takeover of power in Russia after the October Revolution of 1917 and German victories against the Russian army, between the Russian Red Army's retreat and the arrival of advancing German troops, the Committee of Elders of the Maapäev issued the Estonian Declaration of Independence in Pärnu on February 24, 1918
Largest towns in Estonia Tallinn Tallinn is located at the coast of Gulf of Finland. Tallinn is the capital of Estonia. It is one of the best retained medieval European towns. The ,,Old Town" is located at the middle of the city and the Town Hall is the best-preserved Medieval town hall in Northern Europe. Tartu The university town, museum-rich and Hanseatic city of Tartu lies on the banks of the River Emajõgi. The capital of sothern Estonia is the second largest city in the country and the oldest in the Baltic States. Tartu is a modern city with a rich historical heritage and culture. One of Tartu ´s most important historical monuments is the St. John´s Church with it´s thousand terracotta sculptures. Narva As In the past, Narva remains a melting pot for nations, periods and cultures, old and new. This is what makes the town so special. The 13th century castle, a beautiful baroque Town Hall, the best pres...
February 24: Independence Day The Republic of Estonia was founded on February 24, 1918 when the Salvation Committee, Päästekomitee, declared the independence of the Republic of Estonia. This date was celebrated as the Day of Independence until the Soviet occupation of Estonia in 1940. During the Soviet occupation, the Independence Day was festively celebrated in Estonian communities around the world. Every year, the US Secretary of State sent greetings on the occasion to the Ambassador of the Republic of Estonia to the United States, Ernst Jaakson. On February 24, 1989, the red flag of Soviet Estonia was replaced by the blue-black-white Estonian national flag on Toompea and since that time the Independence Day has been celebrated as a public holiday again. This year Estonia will celebrate the 83rd anniversary of the declaration of the state independence.
Estonian state system The Resolution of the National Independence of Estonia was adopted on August 20, 1991. The Constitution of Estonia is the fundamental law of the Republic of Estonia and it was adopted in June 1992. Estonia is a Democratic Parliamentary Republic where the supreme power is vested in the people. The head of State of Estonia is the President of the Republic who can be elected for two five-year terms. The Legislature. The Parliament of Estonia is called Riigikogu and it is elected by people for a four year term. The election is universal, uniform and direct. Voting is secret. The Riigikogu is comprised of one hundred and one members. The Riigikogu has three main functions: legislation, reviewing the activities of the executive power, representation. The members of the Riigikogu have the rights to form factions. The Executive. The Executive of Estonia consists of the body of the Prime Minister and cabinet of ministers. ...
Estonian Defence League In this world, different people like different things. Some people are into dancing, but some people are into war games and military things. For those, who like the last ones, there is a special organisation, that raises love to our home country in young people. Estonian Defence League even protects our country in case of a war or emergency. It has and always will be free and open to all of those, who are even a little bit interested in it. The Estonian Defence League was preceded in 1918 by Estonia's first armed home defence organisation: The Citizens' Defence Organisation (Omakaitse) against the public disorder accompanying the Russian Revolution. On 11 November in 1918 the Citizens'
Comparing the two pie charts showing the hobbies of estonian and russian youth in tallinn. What can the reasons behind these differences and similatities be. source: 56 "puzzle" textbook According to the data 21.0% of Estonians play sports in their spare time. At the same time 31.5% of Russians play Sports as a hobby. Russians appear to care more about their body. Russians are athletic and they have good coaches. Russians are temperamental but Estonians are sluggish. According to the data 14.4% of Estonians sing in Choirs as a hobby . At the same
for people who would like to gain practical skills of foreign languages (possible to study 3 foreign languages at a time) have basic knowledge of economics and business administration Entrepreneurship and business administration for people who would like to wisely get into the business world, create their own business or to expand your knowledge on entrepreneurship Requirements International business administration (3 National exams) English Estonian Maths (narrow) Languages and business administration (2 National exams) Estonian English Entrepreneurship and business administration (2 National exams) Estonian Fees International business administration paying in one part - 1990 € in a semester paying in two or more parts - 2025 € in a semester Languages and business administration paying in one part - 1920 € in a semester paying in two or more parts - 1955 € in a semester
ERLE MAIDO TAAB11 Report Purpose The purpose of this report is to give an overview of Estonian population, political factors, technological factors, economic factors and the trends in Estonian economy compared to Germany and to briefly discuss Estonian business environment. Estonian population The total population of Estonia is 1 313 271 according to Statistics Estonia, of which 69.1% are Estonians, 25.1% Russians, 4.9% of which are of different nationalities for example Ukrainians, Belarusians and Finns. Rest are of unknown nationality. 68.5% of population speaks Estonian as a mother language, 29.6% speaks Russian as a mother language and 0.6% Ukrainian. Estonia has only one official language which is Estonian
Thursday in the Catholic Church), commemorating Maundy and the Last Supper, as well as Good Friday, commemorating the crucifixion and death of Jesus. Easter is followed by a fifty-day period called Eastertide or the Easter Season, ending with Pentecost Sunday. Victory Day June 23 Võidupüha or Victory Day is a public holiday in Estonia, which has been celebrated on 23 June every year since 1934. The date recalls the victory in the 1919 Battle of Võnnu (near Csis, Latvia) of the Estonian military forces and their allies over German forces (Baltische Landeswehr) who sought to re-assert Baltic-German control over the region. The battle was part of the 1918-1920 Estonian War of Independence, where the main adversary of the newly independent Estonia was Communist Russia. Today, Võidupüha also marks the contributions of all Estonian nations in their fight to regain and retain their independence. Estonian celebration of June 23 is ceremonially tied to the following Midsummer Day
Euroacademy Faculty of the international relations Darja Antipina Estonian Business Incubators Essay Tallinn 2012 We can define business incubators as a specially designed programs to maintain successful development of entrepreneurial companies. There are more than 800 business Incubators in Europe and they devise into 2 main groups : 1) Incubators that focused on general business support 2) focused on technological areas. In Estonia exist Incubators in operation and new initiatives are underway.
Estonian Environmental Strategy According to the article in constitution, every person in Estonia is obliged to preserve environment and to compensate for damage they cause. In the last fifty years, the use of natural resources has been irrational. The result is that there are turned out many environmental problem areas and preconditions for environmental crisis. Estonian environment was significantly polluted by Soviet army and it takes decades to eliminate this. After Estonia regained its independence, Estonia has moved towards a liberal and free market economy. Different enterprises and various funds have financed large investments to address enviromental problems. The main object of environmental protection is to provide everybody wtih a healthy environment and natural reources without causing damage to nature. The other goal of
Estonian National Cuisine re a d a c k B Bl The word ,,bread" came to Estonian from Germanic languages. Traditional black bread spread in Estonia in the second century. In a household people usually baked bread on Saturdays. Depending on the size of the family, they usually made 6-10 loaves of bread. One loaf of bread usually weighed about 2-5 kg. Beliefs and habits If a piece of bread was dropped, it had to be picked up and given a kiss so that hunger would not come to the house.
Estonian Political parties The Estonian Reform party is a liberal party that was founded in 2004. It represents liberal ideas such as free market, equality and international relationships.The Reform party is the most economically liberal party in Estonia and it is led by Andrus Ansip. The Union of Pro patria and Res Publica was founded in 2006, when two conservative parties merged. The party's political ideology is conservatism and Christian Democrasy. It has about 8000 members
Estonian Dance Festival Keiu Kaur • Ask any Estonian what it means to be Estonian, and the first idea that will leap into his or her mind will be the Estonian Song and Dance Celebration. or Hi st y • The first Estonian Games, Dance and Gymnastics festival, held in 1934 • One and a half thousand folk dancers performed there. • The greatest Dance Celebration of all times (the 9th) took place in 1970 with over 10000 performers. • The youngest dancer at this festival was 4 years old and the oldest 76! • The dancers in their bright national costumes form colourful patterns on the dance field. • The Dance Festival is usually held on the same weekend as the Song Festival.
........................................................................... 18 References............................................................................................................................ 19 2|Page 17101850 The century and a half following the Great Northern War, which ended with the Peace of Uusikaupunki, was a relatively static period in Estonian history with few momentous events. This was the time of the crystallization and the culmination of serfdom, when various socio- political and cultural undercurrents were also active, preparing the ground for the industrial society and the national-democratic movement in the second half of the 19th century. The 1710 of the corporations of knights and towns, until Alexander II (18551881), established the relationships between Estonia, Livonia and the Russian Empire. The Baltic
In Britain, the education system is also based on six levels which include the: nursery school, infant school, junior school, secondary school, 6th form and university or college. What is similar for both systems is that the first level of education starts at age of three. While in Estonia this level is called Kindergarten, then in Britain it is called Nursery school. Kindergarten is for children´s from age three to six, but Nursery school is for children´s three to four. Differently from Estonian system, at age of five to seven, British children ´s go to Infant school. This is called year one, year two and year three and all these three years are called key one. In Estonia, children´s from age seven to ten go to Primary school. This includes classes from one to four. At age of eight to eleven, British children´s go to Junior school. It is divided into three parts: year four, year five and year six. And all this is called the key two. At age ten to fifteen,
Tõnu Kaljuste. Tõnu Kaljuste is one of the Estonian best-known condructors. Tõnu Kaljuste was born in Tallinn, Estonia in 1953 and is the son of Heino Kaljuste, who was a famous musical teacher. Tõnu sang in his father's choirs as a child. Tõnu Kaljuste has described his father as his first musical influence and inspiration. Tõnu Kaljuste is the conductor who founded the Estonian Philharmonic Chamber Choir and the Tallinn Chamber Orchestra. He has been a regular Grammy nominee and the winner of several prizes for recordings. Tõnu Kaljuste began his academic musical education with piano studies at the Tallinn Secondary Music School, which he completed in 1971 after specializing in choral conducting under the teacher Harri Ilja. He is finished Leningrad Conservatory. Kaljuste took his father's role as leader of the Ellerhein Chamber choir in 1974. After
The Estonian Green Party Green Party History The Estonian Green Party is a political party and follower of the political activity of Estonian Green Movement (EGM), which was formed in 1988 during a massive movement against the Soviet Union's plans to start exploitation of huge phosphorite deposits on NorthEastern part of Estonia EGM was one of the first independent political popular movement in Estonia under Soviet rule. The party Estonian Greens (EG) was formally registered in March 1992 (precessor EGM was registered as party on 20.09.1989) after merger of EGM political wing and EGP. It had approximately 250 members and 3 regional branches. In the 1992 general elections, the Greens were only able to scrape 2.6% of the vote and one deputy to the 101strong Riigikogu (Parliament). Estonian Greens Today After joining the EU (European Union) on May 2004 along
Estonian War of Independence During World War I the greatest colonial power in Europe the Russian Empire seized to exist. On its ruins the formerly enchained nations founded their own states. Among them was the Estonian Republic, officially declared on February 24, 1918. When Germany surrendered to the Western Allies on November 11, 1918 a strategic vacuum arose in Eastern Europe. The new rulers of Russia the Bolsheviks decided to use it as a proper moment to re-conquer their lost territories. The ultimate goal was international communist revolution and Germany was the first standing on their way. Thus on November 13, 1918 the Government of Soviet Russia denounced peace with Germany
Estonian National Spring Holidays Sanna Kartau, Mari-Ann Lumeste, 2011 What holidays do we have in Spring? March · 8th - Women's Day (Naistepäev) · 12th - St Gregorius's Day (Korjusepäev) · 14th - Estonia's Mother Tongue Day · 17th - St Gertrude's Day (Käädripäev) · 25th - St Mary's Day (Ussimaarjapäev) April 1st - April Fools Day 1st - Karjalaskepäev (the day cattle was first sent to the pastures after winter) 14th - Plowing Day (Künnipäev) 23rd - St George's Day (Jüripäev) Moving Easter (Lihavõtted) May · 1st - Walpurgis Day and Night (Volbripäev) · 9th - St Nicholas's Day (Nigulapäev) · The second Sunday of May - Mother's Day (Emadepäev) We'll pick... A - 14th of March - Estonia's Mother Tongue day B - (varies between the 25th of March and 25th of April) - Easter C - 1st of May - Walpurgis Day and Night 14th of March - Estonia's Mother Tong...
1 Turundusplaan ettevõttele Estonian Air 1.1 Kokkuvõte Estonian Air on Eesti riigile ja SAS grupile kuuluv lennutranspordi teenuseid osutav firma, mis loodi 1. detsembril 1991. Lisaks reisijaveole rahvusvahelistel regulaarlendudel pakub Estonian Air kaubaveo teenust ning reisijavedu tellimuslendudel. Estonian Air, mille kodubaas on Tallinna lennujaamas, teostab lende 7 lennukiga ning on tööandjaks ligikaudu 200 inimesele. Estonian Airi liinivõrgustikku kuuluvad Stockholm, Kopenhaagen, Amsterdam, Brüssel, Oslo, Moskva, Peterburi, Kiiev, Vilnius ja Trondheim. Estonian Airi jaoks on turundus tähtsal kohal, Estonian Airi turundus- ja arendusosakonna juhataja on Gunnar Mägi, PR direktor Ilona Eskelinen. Turundustegevus toimub suuresti läbi sotsiaalmeedia Estonian Air on aktiivne Twitteris, Facebookis (müügikanalina), samuti on reklaami ja müügi suurendamise eesmärgil käivitatud kaasturundusprogramm
Estonian Defence League The Estonian Defence League is part of the Defence Forces. The task of the Estonian Defence League is to enchance, by relying on free will and self-initiative, the nation's readiness to defend the independence of Estonia and its constitutional order. There are over 13 000 members in the Estonian Defence League. Together with affiliated organisations Women's Home Defence, Young Eagles and Home Daughters, the Estonian Defence League has more than 21 000 volunteers in action. There are also public figures in the organisation. The Estonian Defence League unites loyal citizens who wish and are able to work voluntarily and without receiving any remuneration for protecting the internal order of the state and improving the sense of security. According to the Estonian Defence League Act they co- operate with the police, local governments, border guard, rescue board and fire-fighters.
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