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Tegusõna BE Tegusõnal BE on olevikus kolm vormi: I am He, she, it is We, you, they are Ainsus 1. isik I am young 2. isik You are strong 3. isik He is cleaver She is pretty It is cheap Mitmus 1. isik We are happy 2. isik You are kind 3. isik They are rich Küsiv vorm (mida eesti keelde tõlgitakse kas-küsimuse abil) moodustatakse sõnade järjekorra muutmise teel: He is lazy. Is he lazy? She is pretty. Is she pretty? Lihtminevikus kasutatakse ainsuses vormis was, mitmuses aga vormi were. I, he, she, it was We, you, they were
No, you are not. Is he clever? Yes, he is. No, he is not. Is she pretty? Yes, she is. No, she is not. Is it cheap? Yes, it is. No, it is not. Are we famous? Yes, we are. No, we are not. Are you kind? Yes, you are. No, you are not. Are they rich? Yes, they are. No, they are not. 5. Eitus Eitus moodustatakse sõna not abil, mis asub tegusõna järel: I am strong. - Ma olen tugev. I am not strong. - Ma ei ole tugev. Kõnekeeles eelistatakse lühivorme: is not = isn't are not = aren't 6. Lihtminevikus kasutatakse ainsuses vormi was, mitmuses were: I, he, she, it was we, you, they were Jaatav lause Küsiv lause Eitav lause I was there. (Ma olin seal.) Was I there? I was not there. You were there. (Te olite seal.) Were you there? You were not there.
It was there. See oli seal Was it there? It was not there. We were there. Me olime Were we there? We were not there. seal Olevikus have, has HAVE minevikus had + põhitegusõna III põhivorm tulevikus will have tegusõna kolmas põhivorm moodustatakse reeglipärastel tegusõnadel lõpu -ed, lisamisega. Seega sarnaneb ta tegusõna teisele põhivormile (lihtminevikule) Algvorm III põhivorm Play Played Finish Finished Belong belonged Näide!! Olevik: John has arrived. John on saabunud. I have read this book. Ma olen seda raamatut lugenud. Minevik: John had gone out. John oli välja läinud. Tuleviku: I will have finished it by six o´clock
Passive voice Umbisikuline tegumood Kui tegija pole oluline või pole teada. · The Present Simple Passive am is + III pv are Examples: I am watched. A book is read. Marks are given. · The Past Simple Passive was were + III pv Examples: I was watched. A book was read. Marks were given. · The Future Simple Passive will be + III pv Examples: I will be watched. A book will be read. Marks will be given. · The Future Simple Passive in the Past would be + III pv Examples: I would be watched. A book would be read. Marks would be given. · The Present Progressive Passive am is + being + III pv are Examples: I am being watched. A book is being read. Marks are being given. · The Past Progressive Passive was were + being + III pv Examples: I was being watched. A book was being read. Marks were being given. · The Present Perfect Passive have has been + III pv Examples: I have been watched. A
Isikulised asesõnad 62 Omastavad asesõnad 62 SOME, ANY ja NO ning nende liitvormid 62 MANY ja MUCH; FEW ja LITTLE 64 NIMISÕNA Nimisõnade mitmus 65 Nimisõnade omastav kääne 66 OMADUSSÕNA kesk- ja ülivõrre 67 TEGUSÕNA Tegusõna BE pööramine (olevik) 69 Tegusõna BE pööramine (minevik) 70 HAVE GOT pööramine 71 Üldolevik 73 Üldminevik Jaatav lause - reeglipärased tegusõnad 74 Jaatav lause - ebareeglipärased tegusõnad 75 Eitav ja küsiv lause 77
INGLISE KEELE GRAMMATIKA Present Simple Lihtoleviku moodustamine Jaatav vorm Eitav vorm Küsiv vorm I make I do not make Do I make? He/she/it speaks He/she/it does not speak Does he/she/it speak? We/you/they go We/you/they do not go Do we/you/they go? NB! ERANDID! · Verbidele, mis lõpevad ss, h, ch, tch, x või oga, lisatakse ainsuse kolmdandas pöördes es. he does he goes he misses he watches he mixes · Verbid, mis lõpevad yga, mille ees on konsonant, muudavad y iks enne es lisamist. fly he flies carry he carries Võrdle: say he says Lihtolevik väljendab: · Antud momendil toimuvat tegevust, mis ei väljenda kestvat aega, näiteks see, hear,
INGLISE KEELE PÕHITÕED C.K 2017 A – AN – SOME Singular: a or an Use some for things you can't count ◦ *a banana *a car *a monkey *a football ◦ *some milk *some water *some coffee ◦ *an egg*an accident *an umbrella *an *some sugar eagle ◦ *some tea *some juice*some money *some butter Plural: some Exercises: 1. http://www.english-4u.de/a_an_some_ex1.htm ◦ *some bananas *some cats *some monkeys *some 2. http://www.english-4u.de/a_an_some_ex3.htm balls ◦ *some eggs*some oranges *some umbrellas *some 3. http://www.english-4u.de/a_an_some_ex6.htm eagles We us the
Prepositsiooni with kasutatakse tööriista, materjali ja koostisosade ees, mida tegija kasutas: The pasta sauce was made by Tony. It was made with fresh tomatoes from the garden. Kui me tahame teada, kes või mis oli tegija, saame moodustada passiivi küsimuse Who/ What ... by?: Who was the book written by? Passiivi moodustatakse be (is/ was jne) + mineviku kesksõna (past participle) ehk III põhivorm (done/ cleaned/ seen jne). Aktiivilause sihitisest saab passiivilause alus. Aktiivilause tegusõna jääb samasse ajavormi, kuid muutub passiivseks. Aktiivilause alus ehk tegija jäetakse ära või pannakse lause lõppu prepositsiooni by järele: Present simple passive am/ is/ are + III pv (cleaned/ seen jne) Many accidents are caused by careless driving. Present simple active: Somebody cleans this room every day. passive: This room is cleaned every day. Past simple passive was/ were + III pv (cleaned/ seen jne) We were woken up by a loud noise during the night.
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