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Homework 2 Solution (0)

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Question 1 (in wiki and in terminologies) 
 
1. SNR  is  a  calculated   value   that  represents  the   ratio   of   root -
mean - square  (rms 
signal  to rms noise.  
 
2.  SINAD   stands  for Signal-to-noise and distortion ratio. It is a measure  of the  
 
 
 
 
 
quality  of a signal from a communications  device , often defined as: 
 
where   is the  average power  of the signal, noise and distortion  components
 
 
 
 
 
SINAD is  usually  expressed in dB. For  examples  to calculate the ratio of 
1 kW (one  kilowatt , or 1000  watts ) to 1 W in decibels, use the  formula  
 
 
 
3. ENOB  is  the  effective  number-of- bits   related  to  SINAD  and  the 
quality of a digitized signal.  
 
 
 
The 6.02  term  in the divisor converts decibels (a log10) 
to bits (a log2) 
 
The 1.76 term comes from quantization error  in an ideal ADC 
 
 
 
4. THD -  Total harmonic distortion is the ratio of the root-mean-square (rms) 
value of the  fundamental signal to the mean value of the root-sum-square 
of its harmonics (generally, only the first  5 harmonics are significant).  
 
 
 
5. SFDR-   Spurious   free   dynamic   range  is  the  ratio  of  the  rms  value  of 
the  signal  to  the  rms  value  of  the  worst  spurious  signal  (fake  signal) 
regardless of where it falls in the  frequency  spectrum.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Mikrokontrollerid ja robootika homework 2

Question 1 Define the following ADC terms: 1. SNR – (Signal to Noise Ratio) SNR is a calculated value that represents the ratio of RMS signal to RMS noise. 2. SINAD - (signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio) Ratio of the RMS signal amplitude to the mean value of the root-sum-square (RSS) 3. ENOB – (effective number of bits) The effective number-of-bits and relates to SINAD 4. THD - (total harmonic distortion) Ratio of the rms value of the fundamental signal to the mean value of the RSS of its harmonics. 5. SFDR - (spurious free dynamic range) Ratio of the RMS value of the signal to the RMS value of the worst spurious signal. 6. Channels - related to the inputs of the ADC can either be multiplexed or individually selected. 7. Linearity - relates to how a ADC follows a linear function. All ADCs are to a certain extend nonlinearity. 8. Operating temperature - measurement, which i

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Homework 2 Week 4

Week 4 homework. Question 1: 1. SNR – Ratio of root mean square signal to root mean square. 2. SINAD – Ratio of the RMS signal amplitude to the mean of value of the root sum square. 3. ENOB – The effective number of bits and relates to SINAD. 4. THD – Ratio of the rms value of the fundamental signal to the mean value of RSS of its harmonics. 5. SFDR – Ratio of the RMS value of the signal to the RMS value of the worst spurious signal. 6. Channels – multiple analog signal inputs to the ADC that can be individually selected or selected through a multiplexor. 7. Linearity – Describes how an ADC conveter follows a linear function. 8. Operating temperature – A temperature at which the ADC functions optimally, usually given by the manufacturer. 9. Power dissipation – The proportion of power dissipated (through heat) when the ADC is working. Question 2: An 8 bit ADC has a reference voltage of 5V. What is the digital output code word for an input of 1.2V? 0011

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Microcontroller homework 2

Microcontroller homework for week 04 1. SNR - Ratio of RMS signal to RMS SINAD - Ratio of the RMS signal amplitude to the mean value of the root-sum-square (RSS) ENOB - The effective number-of-bits and relates to SINAD THD - Ratio of the rms value of the fundamental signal to the mean value of the RSS of its harmonics. SFDR - Ratio of the RMS value of the signal to the RMS value of the worst spurious signal. Channels related to the inputs of the ADC can either be multiplexed or individually selected. Linearity relates to how a ADC follows a linear function. All ADCs are to a certain extend non-linearity. Temperature is measurement, which in optimal state for ADC-s, lets them function correctly. Power dissipation refers to the amount power dissipated when the ADC is operating. 2. The output code is 001111012 and the voltage of the LSB is 0,0195V 3. The output code is 101011101101100 4. The

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Book Analog Interfacing to Embedded Microprocessors

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Electrical drives and power electronics

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Piletid vastustega

For this to occur, the Q point is located at cutoff on both the dc and ac load lines. Transistors are, because transistorized base bias is usually designed to operate in switching circuits by having either low output voltage or high output voltage.5)on circuits.6)Inverters output voltage is in the opposite polarity to the input voltage.Multiplexer is a multiple switch that steers one of the input signals to the output.Comparator:perfect solution for comparing one voltage with another to see which is larger.Latch:because the collector of T1 drives the base of T2 and vice versa,it is a positive feedback.Achange in current at any point of the loop is amplified and returned to the starting point with the same phase. 7)Advantages of swithces:Extremely low power consumption and lower heat production.Physically small.They can provide large load currents at low voltages although they produce more electrical and audible noise

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Mikrokontrollerid ja robootika kodutöö 3

output voltage for a relative humidity of 70 % at 30 °C if R T = 50 kΩ and VDD= 2.5 V. R70 30 c =R H =9,2 kV RH 9,2 k V O= ∙ V DD= ∙ 2,5 = 0,388 V (R T + R H ) ( 50 k +9,2 k ) Hint: Check specification for Humidity Sensor of SYH-2R.pdf at http://www.rhopointcomponents.com/images/SYH-2R.pdf 2 Week 04 Homework Question 3 Given the following bridge circuit for a strain gauge, determine the value of the strain gauge resistance {RS}. Let: VIN = 5V R3 = 200 Ω R2 = 50 Ω R1 = 100 Ω a) Under no strain (VOUT = 0 V) R2 ∙ R3 RS= =100 Ω R1 b) When VOUT = 0,5 V {under strain}. 100 200 0,1= − 150 200+ RS 200 200 0,56= =¿> RS= −200=¿> RS=157 Ω 200+ RS 0,56 RS ≈157 Ω

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CPM1A Programmable Controllers Operation Manual 1784470

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