William Shakespeare (1564-1616) playwright, actor, poet 37 plays, over 400 screen adaptions Lord Chamberlain's Men, King's Men, The Globe Early life: John Shakespeare, Mary Arden, 2 sis', 3 bros; married Anne Hathaway 3 children Life in London: 1599 built Globe, 1623 first compilation Forms: classical & history plays, comedies+tragedies, poetry Style: metaphors, rhetorical phrases, free flow of words, unrhymed iambic pentameter; deviations Renaissance (end of 14th century) Italy, reaches rest of Europe Elizabethan era (16th II h - 17th I h) Theatre: combined medieval theatre, morality plays & Roman drama to create Elizabethan tragedy Poetry: Italian influences, sonnet (English: cddc ee) Rulers of England: Henry VII (brings prosperity, repairs economic situation; made alliances); Henry
City. The core of the act was the three elder brothers, Chico, Harpo and Groucho. The two younger brothers, Gummo and Zeppo, did not develop their stage characters to the same extent, and eventually left the act to pursue other careers. Some films with the Four Marx Brothers: "Duck Soup", "Humor Risk", "Horse Feathers". Woody Allen Woody Allen is an American screenwriter, director, actor, comedian, jazz musician, author, and playwright. Allen's films are ranging from tragedies to comedies. He is know for the movies "Annie Hall", "Sweet and Lowdown", "Manhattan", "Vicky Cristina Barcelona". Stan Laurel Stan Laurel, was an English comic actor, writer and film director. He is known for the movies "The Flying Deuces", "Way Out West", "Sons of the Desert", "The Music Box".
Susanna later became William's caretaker after the death of his wife and the twins. Shakespeare was forced toleave Stratford for London after a quarrel with the local squire. Will started as an actor before starting to write his own plays; his career lasted for 21 years. Returned to Stratford in 1610, where he lived until his death atthe age of 52 and was buried in the local churh. Optimistic period wrote two long poems, ,,Venus and Adonis", ,,Lucrece", 154 sonnets, bright comedies, ,,Romeo and Juliet" and his historical plays. Sonnets the genre was developed in Italy, perfected by Petrarch, Shakespeare and Milton. In his poems there are the characters The Dark Lady, the Young Friend, the author. In his sonnets he criticizes human vices. Shakespeares ideal beauty differed greatly from the traditional beauty of the time. The Earl of Southampton was his friend. Comedies The Taming of the Shrew, A Mid-Summer Night's Dream, The Twelth Night,
news bulletin выпуск новостей sports coverage спортивный репортаж first edition первое издание advertising campaign рекламная кампания glued to a TV приклеенный к телевизору adhered to a principle твёрдо придерживаться какого-л. принципа subliminal messages подсознательный посыл/сообщения inane situation comedies (sitcom) тупые комедийные сериалы political unrest политические волнения to hype проводить массированную рекламную кампанию decent programmes приличные программы howls of protest крики протеста my foot чепуха, бред take a stand занять определенную позицию dumb down упростить до абсурда illegible трудный для чтения
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Original has burnt down. Nowadays there is new "The Globe". Stage in the middle, audience surrounded it. Theatre house had balkony, mad use of it. No curtins. Got light from sun or candles, torches. Many burnt down. Almost none scenery and decorations. Audience was informed with signs where was written where the action took place. Action was very quick, continoius. Actors were men and boys. Drama was divided into tragedy and comedy. First one swere imitations of ancient Roman tragedies and comedies. The first playwrights were men of academic learning. Called Universitie Wits. First plays were the plays of action, situations were natural. Characters were real humans with their vices and virtues. The first outstanding playwright was Christopher Marlowe 1564-1593. Born in Canterbury son of a cobbler. In 1580 went to Cambridge university, showed himself as atheist. During his schoolyears he was nutorious of his violent and disreputable behaviour ( kaak ). In 1584 he got his bachelor of Arts
Later years and death Shakespeare continued to visit London Died on 23 April 1616, at the age of 52. Shakespeare is buried in the chancel of Holy Trinity Church in Stratford-upon- Avon. Each year on his claimed birthday, a new quill pen is placed in the writing hand of The Plays of William the bust. Shakespeare. The plays 38 plays firmly attributed to Shakespeare 14 comedies 10 histories 10 tragedies 4 romances Possibly wrote three others Collaborated on several others
playwrighter.He is often considered the greatest writer in world literature. By the year 1594 he was a rising playwrighter in London and an actor in a leading theatre. The order in which his plays were written and performed is highly uncertain. His history plays are based on the lives of the English kings, including Henry VI . He has written the world known tragedy Romeo and Juliet. The plays written between 1596 and 1600 are mostly comedies, including The Merry Wives of Windsor and As You Like It, and histories, including Henry IV and Julius Caesar. He wrote the comedie All's Well That Ends Well and a great tragedies Hamlet, Othello and Macbeth. His later written tragedie is Antony and Cleopatra. Shakespeare retired before 1610 and lived as a country gentleman until his death. The first collected edition of his plays was published in 1623.Very little is known about his life and work.
appearance came when he was 5 years old. · At the age of nine Chaplin became interested in theatre and through his father's connections, Chaplin became a member of a dancing troupe. · He was not fully satisfied with dancing and wanted to pursue comedy acting. Films · Chaplin made his debut with a film called "Making a Living"(1914) · "Caught in the rain" was Chaplin's first directed picture. · As an independent filmmaker he made comedies like "The Circus", "The Gold Rush", "Modern Times" and many others. The Kid · The Kid is a 1921 American silent comedy-drama film written by, produced by, directed by and starring Charlie Chaplin. · This was Chaplin's first full- length movie. It was a huge success, and was the second- highest grossing film in 1921. The Great Dictator · The film was an act of defiance against Nazism. · Chaplin played the role of "Adenoid Hynkel" · The film was nominated
well as frustrated, and Sara, who believes in letting fate take its course. Jonathan Trager was played by John Cusack, a Blockbuster Entertainment Award winner for his role in ,,Con air". Sara Thomas is played by the charming Kate Beckinsale, who also played in an Oscar winning movie ,,Pearl harbor". Personally I believe in fate since often things appear to be more than just mere coincidences. I found it to be one of the most enjoyable romantic comedies I've seen, however I did find it to be rather unrealistic or rather too good to be true. I do not agree, that it was a sickeningly sweet love story. It was still enjoyable. However I do agree on feelings and intuitions being important in our lives.
In this film ,,Educating Rita" I remeber that the best part of that was when Rita`s husband breaks the Wall with a big hammer. But I was reluctant when her husband fund a box of bills. He wants a baby but he do not concidertion with Rita who actually do not want a baby yet, she wants to study. The change in her status causes friction between her and her husband. I really like the movie because that is different than other dramas oder comedies. There are a new view and I have never seen that kind of films earlier. I would suggest ti see that film for all ages of people because the movie have a deep thought and when we see it there are soo many dissimilar emotions.
He is a British actor, comedian and screenwriter. His trademark(kaubamärk) character is Mr Bean which most people probably know him by. Rowan grew up with his two older brothers in Newcastle, UK, where his father owned a farm. He attended Newcastle University and Oxford University where he earned degrees in electrical engineering. During that time, he met screenwriter Richard Curtis, with whom he wrote and performed comedy revues. CAREER Rowan Atkinson has written sketch comedies like Blackadder and Not the Nine o'Clock News. His acting career began in 1983 when he got a small roll in the James Bond movie 'Never Say Never Again'. Since then, he has gained further recognition with movies like Four Weddings and a Funeral; Johnny English or Mr Bean's Holiday. My personal favourite is Mr Bean's Holiday because it's filled with humour and ridiculous coincidences. During his career, he's won different awards. For instance,
· It remains unclear if these figures represent real individuals, or if the authorial "I" who addresses them represents Shakespeare himself, though Wordsworth believed that with the sonnets "Shakespeare unlocked his heart". The 1609 edition was dedicated to a "Mr. W.H.", credited as "the only begetter" of the poems. They are still known all over the world... List of work Comedies All's Well That Ends Well As You Like It The Comedy of Errors Love's Labour's Lost Measure for Measure The Merchant of Venice The Merry Wives of Windsor A Midsummer Night's Dream Much Ado About Nothing Pericles, Prince of Tyre * The Taming of the Shrew The Tempest Twelfth Night The Two Gentlemen of Verona The Two Noble Kinsmen * The Winter's Tale histories King John Richard II Henry IV, Part 1 Henry IV, Part 2 Henry V Henry VI, Part 1 Henry VI, Part 2
· The English sonnet (Shakespearean sonnet) differs from the Italian one on its structure · The Italian sonnet has 2 four-line and 2 three-line stanzas, the English sonnet divides into three quatrains, or groups of four lines, and a rhymed couplet, or a pair of lines that usually draws a conclusion or presents a solution to the problems outlined earlier in the poem · The usual rhyme scheme is: abab cdcd efef gg Zanrid 1. Comedies: ,,As you like it", ,,Twelfth night", ,,A Midsummer Night's Dream" 2. Tragedies: ,,Othello", ,,Macbeth", ,,King Lear" 3. Historical: ,,King John", ,,Henry V" , ,,Richard II"
In the end got stabbed to death. SHAKESPEARE (1564-1616) he was an actor, poet, playwright and the best dramatist in writing. 37 plays, he used many sources for his plays including the classical Greek and Latin writings. Shakespeare did not publish his plays, two former actors and friends of him did, after he died. From 1600 to 1608 Shakespeare wrote his great tragedies. These plays have given world theatre unforgettable characters such as Hamlet, King Lear, Othello and Macbeth. The comedies that were written in this period no longer have the bright, optimistic appeal of earlier works. SHAKESPEARE WAS A THEATRICAL GENIUS. Plays for audiences: The relationship between audiences and performers was very intimate in Elizabethan theatres. POETRY IN THE PURITAN AGE - John Donne (1572-1631), born in London, intoa a Roman Catholic family. Throughout this period Donne was tormented by the question of his religion, in 1593 decided to convert to the Protestant faith
National Opera, Tallinn City Theatre, Estonian Drama Theatre, Estonian State Puppet & Youth Theatre, Russian Drama Theatre, VAT Theatre, Theatre NO99 and Von Krahl Theatre. Estonian National Opera The song and drama society `'Estonia'' was founded in 1865. Play-acting started in 1871. The following theatre activites were relatively haphazard, theatre as a tradition really came into being since 1895, when the society began to direct song plays, folk plays and comedies, usually with singing and dancing; in the start of the XX century already saw more serious drama on the stage. In year 1906 Paul Pinna and Theodor Altermann founded a professional theatre called `'Estonia''. Since 1998, it is called The Estonian National Opera and operates as a body governed by public law according to the National Opera Law passed in 1997 in the Republic of Estonia. Since 1918, the drama troupe was led by the actor and director Ants Lauter until 1949 when the
strain? Was the screen bombarding us with radioactivity? Did the advertisements contain subliminal (2)….. , persuading us to buy more or vote Republican? Did children turn to violence through watching it, either because so many programmes taught them how to shoot, rob, and kill, or because they had to do something to (3) ….. the hours they had spent (4) ….. to the tiny screen? Or did it simply create a vast passive audience, drugged by glamorous serials and inane situation comedies? On the other hand, did it increase anxiety by (5) ….. the news and (6) ….. our living rooms with war, famine and political unrest? 1) A around B there C ready D here 2) A information B messages C data D communications 3) A counteract B negate C offset D compensate
( 5 points ) 1) Miss bell went to Tartu by train. 2) The Millers will go to Oxford next week. 3) Carol has lived here for ten years. 4) My father is reading a book now. 5) Mr. Jackson works at school. II Complete the sentences using Tag Questions. ( 5 points ) 1) These apples weren`t very good,........? 2) The boys took a taxi,........? 3) English isn`t very difficult,........? 4) You don`t like watching comedies,........? 5) You`aren`t seventeen,........? 11. Put the verbs in brackets in the right form of the Conditional Mood ( Type I, II, III ) ( 5 points ) 1) If it were Monday, the boys ( have ) two English classes.( II ) 2) If all goes well, I ( be ) back at 5.( I ) 3) If the boys play better than last time, they ( win ) the match.( I ) 4) If I had heard the noise, I ( telephone ) the police.( III ) 5) If you ( follow ) the instructions, it would not have happened
with more than a dozen other first-rate playwrights. Under the skillful handling of these dramatists, blank verse, introduced into the lg by Surrey, became the main vehicle for tragedy and comedy. Native English drama, which had existed at least since medieval times, was the wellspring of Elizabethan drama. Although Classical drama had been known earlier, its initial influence came in the 1560s, with the translation of Latin drama, especially the revenge tragedies of Seneca and the comedies of Plautus and Terence. 13. How did the Puritans influence life and culture? As Puritan influence grew in England, more and more complaints were made about the ungodliness of the theatres, and they were occasionally closed. The Puritan influence that forced the occasional closing of the theaters was symptomatic of what was to come. The increasing strength of the predominantly Puritan middle class in the House of Commons
anything what I am really interested in. I listen to the radio quite often desplite the music they are playing there, I can find a lot of information there because there are news every hour. I hate the big amount of adverts. I watch TV quite often some people say that it's tiring but I use it as relaxation. I lie and sometime I sleep. I love sitcoms but I hate soap operas because I find it very boring and about nothing, they are often same. I like good comedies with crazy or black humour and I can't stand romantic films and action films although I used to love them when I was smaller. I thing the internet is the best way of communication. there are most information there and you can also watch TV through Internet or listen to radio and you can read newspaper or magazines too. But as I said it's very expensive so I don't have it at home but I am going to have it when I am older, if people won't invent anything better.
Best known today for "The Canterbury Tales" Crucial figure in developing the legitimacy of the vernacular, Middle English, at a time when the dominant literary languages in England were French Modern English William Shakespeare 26 April 1564 23 April 1616 The Elizabethan Era English poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's most important dramatist ,,England's national poet" Early plays in 1590's were mostly comedies (The Taming of the Shrew, The Merchant of Venice..) Began to focus on tragedy/drama in early 1600's (Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Macbeth, Othello..) In 1608 tragedy is replaced with romance Wrote historical plays too (Richard III, Julius Caesar..) Used allegory and methaphores Brought over 1700 words into the English language ,,A fool thinks himself to be wise, but a wise man knows himself to be a fool. " ,,Hell is empty and all the devils are here. "
on his knee. Queen Elizabeth was the "Virgin Queen." As a queen she was a success. When Elizabeth exposed herself before her troops, they all shouted "hurrah." Then her navy went out and defeated the Spanish Armadillo. 1 The greatest writer of the Renaissance was William Shakespear. Shakespear never made much money and is famous only because of his plays. He lived in Windsor with his merry wives, writing tragedies, comedies and errors. In one of Shakespear's famous plays, Hamlet rations out his situation by relieving himself in a long soliloquy. In another, Lady Macbeth tries to convince Macbeth to kill the King by attacking his manhood. Romeo and Juliet are an example of a heroic couplet. Writing at the same time as Shakespear was Miquel Cervantes. He wrote "Donkey Hote". The next great author was John Milton. Milton wrote "Paradise Lost." Then his wife dies and he wrote "Paradise Regained."
Wodehouse Wodehouse was an acknowledged master of English prose admired both by contemporaries and by modern writers. He has been called "English literature's performing flea", a derogatory description that Wodehouse cherished and adopted as the title of his autobiography. Best known today for the Jeeves and Blandings Castle novels and short stories, Wodehouse was also a talented playwright and lyricist who was part author and writer of fifteen plays and of 250 lyrics for some thirty musical comedies. Wodehouse took a modest attitude to his own works. In Over Seventy (1957) he wrote: "I go in for what is known in the trade as 'light writing' and those who do that humorists they are sometimes called are looked down upon by the intelligentsia and sneered at." Wodehouse's characters are often eccentric, with peculiar attachments, such as to newts (Gussie Fink-Nottle) or socks (Archibald Mulliner). His "mentally negligible"
distractions of his mistresses. John Wilmot, Earl of Rochester: writer of satirical and bawdy poetry. To a Lady in a Letter, Song, A Song Charles Sackville: The Advice, from the Latin Sir Charles Sedley: Song Dryden: 14. Restoration drama (Dryden, Etheridge, Wycherley, Congreve) Theatres closed in Civil War, resumed in altered society of Restoration, florishing after Puritan regime. Most famous: unsentimental or „hard” comedies of John Dryden, William Wycherley, and George Etheredge. Reflect atmosphere at court, celebrate an aristocratic macho lifestyle of constant sexual intrigue and conquest. Sharp drop in quality and quanitity in 1680s, in 1690s again William Congreve’s „Love for Love” and „The Way of the World”. Were softer and more middle-class, different from earlier aristocratic extravaganza, aimed wider audience. Strong middle-class element, to women, war between sexes from
sound Was inspired by jules verne"the first men in the moon" First science-fiction film. It was also first pirated film. Melies 400th film. Became a worldwide success, pirated in the usa. Europeans was showed violent, ww1. Melies mocks the scientists. Barbe-bleue-sinihabe. Fairytale/horror. He invented the fiction film and profounfly influenced specific film genres: · German expressionism(set design) · Surrealism(playfulnessm spontanitym sybolism) · Comedies · d.w. griffith · charlie chaplin 13.02.12 D.W.Griffith(1875-1948) The birth of hollywood Born in Kentucky, osn of a condeferate officer. Kept a life-long nostalgia for the values of ,,The Old South". Initially actor, lot of peopleat that time credited him for his good looks. Real burning intension was to become a writer. Inspired by Charles Dickens. 1907 hired the ,,biograph" film company as a script-writer. Film making wasn't something glamorous, filmbusiness didn't have structure
1599, the Globe. Legacy: 37 plays, 2 narrative poems and 154 sonnets. Shakespeare’s drama follows the principles of renaissance drama, derived from the Greek drama tradition. Shakespeare’s drama: historical plays, tragedies (sad ending) and comedies (anything but sad; does not mean funny!) Catharsis – the therapeutic effect of tragedies. 17th century in England. Political changes, crisis of humanism. Puritanism, new economic possibilities through colonization. A transformation towards bourgeois society. The
In revenge plots, the Call to Adventure is often a wrong which must be set right, an offense against the natural order of things. In The Count of Monte Cristo, Edmond Dantes is unjusdy imprisoned and is driven to escape by his desire for revenge. T h e plot of Beverly Hills Cop is set in motion by the murder of the hero's best friend. In First Blood R a m b o is motivated by his unfair treatment at the hands of an intolerant sheriff. In romantic comedies, the Call to Adventure might be the first encounter with the special but annoying someone the hero or heroine will be pursuing and sparring with. T h e Call to Adventure establishes the stakes of the game, and makes clear the hero's goal: to win the treasure or the lover, to get revenge or right a wrong, to achieve a dream, confront a challenge, or change a life. W h a t ' s at stake can often be expressed as a question posed by the call. W i l l E.T
Theatre) led by Priit Põldroos (1902-1968). Among the local playwrights the humorist 1 Still to be translated and published, in its entirety, in English. 2 A worldwide association of writers, founded in 1921, to promote friendship and intellectual co- operation among writers everywhere; to emphasize the role of literature in the development of mutual understanding and world culture and satirist Hugo Raudsepp (1883-1952) stands out with his comedies. Among the serious plays Anton Hansen Tammsaare’s drama Judith (1921; based on the Old Testament), a profound psychological reflection about Man, humanity, ideal and real, passion and guilt, stands among the most important. It is a drama of ideas, full of strain and contradictions, depicting the main heroine as a woman with strong desires and feelings. The formative period of the musical stage progressed smoothly. Singers
Roman Catholic Church in the 16th century – протестантская церковь. The Church of England, England’s official Protestant church founded in the 16th century by King Henry VIII – англиканская церковь. The Russian Orthodox Church – русская православная церковь. 61 5. William Shakespeare (1564–1616), English poet (sonnets) and dramatist (37 plays – tragedies, comedies and histories), born and died at Stratford-on-Avon . Вильям Шекспир. 6. Sir Francis Drake (1540–1596), England’s greatest admiral, founder of her sea power; as privateer encouraged by the Queen, attacked and destroyed Spanish ships bringing treasures back from America and plundered her colonies; the first English seaman to sail round the world. Фрэнсис Дрейк. privateer ["praIvq'tIq] ист. капер
Chamberlain's Men, later known as the King's Men. He ap- pears to have retired to Stratford around 1613, where he died three years later. Few records of Shakespeare's private life survive, and there has been considerable speculation about such matters as his sexuality, religious beliefs, and whether the works attributed to him were written by others. Shakespeare produced most of his known work between 1590 and 1613. His early plays were mainly comedies and histories, genres he raised to the peak of sophistication and artistry by the end of the sixteenth century. Next he wrote mainly tragedies until about 1608, including Hamlet, King Lear, and Macbeth, con- sidered some of the finest examples in the English language. In his last phase, he wrote tragicomedies, also known as ro- mances, and collaborated with other playwrights. Many of his plays were published in editions of varying quality and accur-
evidence indicates that canned laughter is most effective for poor jokes (No- sanchuk 8{ Lightstone, 1974). In light of these data, the actions of television executives make perfect sense. The introduction of laugh tracks into their comic programming increases the hu- morous and appreciative responses of an audience, even-and especially-when the material is of poor quality. Is it any surprise, then, that television, glutted as it is with artless situation-comedies, is saturated with canned laughter? Those execu- tives know precisely what they are doing. With the mystery of the widespread use of laugh tracks solved, we are left with a more perplexing question: Why does canned laughter work on us the way it does? It is no longer the television executives who appear peculiar; they are acting logi- cally and in their own interests. Instead, it is the behavior of the audience that seems strange
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