Revision questions for the exam I General 1. What is CL? that is especially written with children in mind; that is actually selected and read by children; that often introduces children as main characters; 2. What are the most important elements of literature? Characters point of view Setting plot theme style tone conflict symbol 3. What are some the most typical features of the fantasy genre? Animal characters may act like people. Characters may have special powers. Characters may be imaginary beings. Setting may be in another time (future). It usually has a good vs. evil conflict. It may use scientific principles not yet available or discovered. II Classical literature 1. What is Beowulf? When and by whom was it written? Beowulf is the conventional title of an Old English heroic epic poem. 2. Who was King Arthur? In wh...
Symbolism in the Legend of King Arthur Johannes Kaldalu Mihkel Rätsep Severi Saar Rasmus Uusküla The Holy Grail · The Grail is a symbol of rebirth · Perhaps even reincarnation--the passage from life to death and beyond. The Holy Grail · The quest for the Grail represented the most important spiritual pursuit one could undertake because the Grail itself possessed holy significance · The Holy Grail possessed the ability to heal the sick and wounded, restore youth, and provide unlimited amounts of divine food. The Round Table · The table became the place where Arthur's Knights gathered, symbolizing equality, unity, and oneness. Legend says... · ... when the knights gathered, those who sat at the head of table were over the others. As time progressed, the knights sta...
Test 9 1 Translate. 1 Ma loen sageli ajaloolisi romaane. I often read historical novels. 2 Paljud riigid on Eestit valitsenud. Many countries have ruled Estonia. 3 Rooma villas olid keskküte ja mosaiikpõrandad. A Roman villa had central heating and mosaic floors. 4 Roomlastel ei õnnestunud Sotimaad vallutada. The Romans didn´t manage to conquer Scotland. 5 See imeerium on eksisteerinud umbes 400 aastat. This empire existed foir about 400 years. 6 kohalikud elanikud inhabitants 7 lossivaremed ruins of a castle 8 restaureeritud mõis a restored manor house 2 Use the words who, whose, which or where to complete the sentences. 1 This is the house where I grew up. 2 The film which we saw yesterday was about a cowgirl called Calamity Jane. 3 The boy whose mother we met in Regent Street is my cousin. 4 This is the cafe where my mother has a cup of coffee after work. 5 Our car, which we boug...
1. Beowulf. The dating of Beowulf is still controversial. The poem is one of the earliest and greatest monuments of the Germanic literatures. The main stories of the poem (the fights of B.) are versions of common folk-tales, but the poet also introduces many incidental stories, some of which belong to the world of ancient Germanic legend. He writes his folk-tales and legends in a web of other events, mainly set in the Baltic Kingdoms. He shows a very rich and leisurely portrayal of this Baltic world, providing many customs like the close relationship between lord and man in the war-band and others. All this encouraged the supposition that the unknown author of the poem was himself a bard of the ancient type portrayed within the poem (a lord's scoop). However, many people propose that the author could be Christian poet, perhaps a monk, versed not only in old native traditions, but also in the culture and literatur...
Sissejuhatus Stephen King on tänapäeva üks populaarsemaid ja paremini müüvaid autoreid kogu maailmas. King kombineerib oma lugudes psühholoogilise trilleri elemente, ulmekirjandust, paranormaalseid nähtusi ja detektiivi teemasid. Olles sõltuvuses loetletud elementidest, segab ta sisse eredaid igapäevaseid seiku. Stephen King, kes on peamiselt tuntud oma romaanide järgi, laiendab oma silmapiiri kirjutades filmidele käsikirju, mitteilukirjandust, autobiograafiaid, lasteraamatuid ja lühijutte. Kuigi King on tuntud oma romaanide "The Stand" ja "IT" järgi, on tema parimateks töödeks just lühijutud nagu "The Body" ja "Quitters Inc." Kingi teosed on nii võimsad, sest ta kasutab oma kogemusi ja vaatlusi igapäevaelust. Kingi elulugu Stephen Edwin King sündis 21. septembril 1947ndal aastal Portlandis, Mainis. Stephen, ta ema Nellie ning adopteeritud vend David pi...
Stonehenge One of the best known ancient wonders of the world, 5000 years old Megalith monument, built by western mediterraneans during 3000-1600 BC Circular structure, large standing stones, aligned with rising sun at teh solstice Attlers and bones were sued to dig pits that hold the stones The Celts in Britain and their legacy 700-200 BC celts invade Britain Gaels or Goehls(Ireland and Scotland),Cymri(Wales) and Brythons(gave name to Brittany) Fierce fighters,superb horsemen.Most of them farmers, lived in thatched houses Good at art, craftmanship, used iron Divided into tribes, ruled by kings, only in face of danger would they choose a single leader Legacy- hill-forts, farms, churches, field system, woodland, pasture, weapons, iron objects, langugae, culture Caesar in Britain The great Roman Emperor Firts came 55 BC to gather information, celts ...
History exam *Stonehenge - is a monument located in England. It is one of the most famous prehistoric sites in the world and is composed of earthworks surrounding a circular setting of large standing stones. The surrounding circular, earth bank and ditch, have been dated to about 3100 BC. Stonehenge was produced by a culture with no written language. Many aspects of Stonehenge remain subject to debate. There is little or no direct evidence for the construction techniques used by the Stonehenge builders. *The Celts in Britain and their legacy The Cets lived in Britain in The Iron Age. They were warring tribes who were battleful amongst themselves as well as inter-tribal war. They were not centrally governed. The Celts brought iron working, iron ploughs and metal swords, horses, wheels and chariots - all these things gave them an instant superiority over the native tribes. The Celts built a number ...
N. A. Vavilov ASPECTS OF BRITISH HISTORY Н. А. Вавилов КРАТКАЯ ИСТОРИЯ ВЕЛИКОБРИТАНИИ Учебное пособие на английском языке Москва Институт международного права и экономики имени А. С. Грибоедова 2008 2 УТВЕРЖДЕНО кафедрой лингвистики и переводоведения Вавилов Н.А. Краткая история Великобритании: Учебное пособие на английском языке. – 2-е изд., пересмотр. и испр. – М.: ИМПЭ им. А.С. Грибоедова, 2008. – 88 с. Пособие содержит краткий очерк важнейших событий в истории Великобритании – от первых документально засвидетельствованных вторжений на остров (кельтов, римлян и англосаксов) до создания и распада Британск...
Witchcraft Witchcraft is the alleged use of supernatural or magical powers. A witch (from Old English wicca m. / wicce f.) is a practitioner of witchcraft. Historically, it was widely believed that witchcraft involved the use of these powers to inflict harm upon members of a community or their property, and that all witches were in league with the devil. Since the mid 20th century, the term witchcraft has sometimes been used to distinguish between bad witchcraft and good witchcraft, with the latter often involving healing. Human misfortune was often blamed on a supernatural entity or a known person in the community. Reasons for accusations of witchcraft fall into four general categories: · A person was caught in the act of positive or negative sorcery · A well-meaning sorcerer or healer lost their clients' or the authorities' trust · A person did nothing...
The making of a new nation. The Enlightenment in America. The emergence of the notion of the American Dream. The great Enlighteners: Crèvecoeur, Jefferson, Paine, Franklin. The American Enlightenment is the intellectual thriving period in the United States in the midtolate 18th century (17151789), especially as it relates to American Revolution on the one hand and the European Enlightenment on the other. Influenced by the scientific revolution of the 17th century and the humanist period during the Renaissance, the Enlightenment took scientific reasoning and applied it to human nature, society, and religion. American Enlightenment a gradual but powerful awakening that established the ideals of democracy, liberty, and religious tolerance in the people of America. If there were just one development that directly caused the American Revolution and uplifted the intellectual culture of the continent while it was only a British colony,...
THE W R I T E R ' S JOURNEY M Y T H I C STRUCTURE FOR W R I T E R S THIRD EDITION CHRISTOPHER VOGLER S C R E E N W R I T I N G / W R I T I N G Christopher Vogler explores the powerful relationship between mythology and storytelling in his clear, concise style that's made i this book required reading for movie executives, screenwriters, playwrights, fiction and non-fiction writers, scholars, and fans of pop culture all over the world. Discover a set of useful myth-inspired storytelling paradigms like "The Hero's Journey," and step-by-step guidelines to plot and • character development. Based on the work of Joseph Campbell, The Writers Jour...
English literature is one of the oldest literatures in Europe; dates back to the 6th century AD. Oral literature, i.e. not written down, spread from person to person. In 449 AD Anglo-‐Saxon tribes invaded England – beginning of the Anglo-‐Saxon period in English literature. The first form of literature was folklore, carried by scops and gleemen, who sang in alliterative verse (a kind of simple poetry). Prose developed much later. The first form of recorded English literature was the epic Beowulf, which was produced sometime near the end of the 7th and beginning of the 8th century. It has no ...
Philosophy of Language Philosophy of Language: a Contemporary Introduction introduces the student to the main issues and theories in twentieth and twenty-first-century phi- losophy of language, focusing specifically on linguistic phenomena. Topics are structured in four parts in the book. Part I, Reference and Referring, includes topics such as Russell's Theory of Descriptions, Donnellan's distinction, problems of anaphora, the description theory of proper names, Searle's cluster theory, and the causalhistorical theory. Part II, Theories of Meaning, surveys the competing theories of linguistic mean- ing and compares their various advantages and liabilities. Part III, Pragmatics and Speech Acts, introduces the basic concepts of linguistic pragmatics, includes a detailed discussion of the problem of indirect force and surveys approaches to metaphor. Part IV, new to this edition, examines the four theories of metaphor. Features...
Some of the things you will learn in THE CODEBREAKERS • How secret Japanese messages were decoded in Washington hours before Pearl Harbor. • How German codebreakers helped usher in the Russian Revolution. • How John F. Kennedy escaped capture in the Pacific because the Japanese failed to solve a simple cipher. • How codebreaking determined a presidential election, convicted an underworld syndicate head, won the battle of Midway, led to cruel Allied defeats in North Africa, and broke up a vast Nazi spy ring. • How one American became the world's most famous codebreaker, and another became the world's greatest. • How codes and codebreakers operate today within the secret agencies of the U.S. and Russia. • And incredibly much more. "For many evenings of gripping reading, no better choice can be made than this book." —Christian Science Monitor THE ...
PRAISE FOR The 4-Hour Workweek "This is a whole new ball game. Highly recommended." --Dr. Stewart D. Friedman, adviser to Jack Welch and former director of the Work/Life Integration Program at the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania "It's about time this book was written. It is a long-overdue manifesto for the mobile lifestyle, and Tim Ferriss is the ideal ambassador. This will be huge." --Jack Can eld, cocreator of Chicken Soup for the Soul®, 100+ million copies sold "Stunning and amazing. From mini-retirements to outsourcing your life, it's all here. Whether you're a wage slave or a Fortune 500 CEO, this book will change your life!" --Phil Town, New York Times bestselling author of Rule #1 "The 4-Hour Workweek is a new way of solving a very old problem: just how can we work to live and prevent our lives from being all about work? A world of in nite...
UNO SOOMERE ESTONIAN SYMPHONIC MUSIC. THE FIRST CENTURY 1896-1996. AN OVERVIEW With a Historical and Cultural Summary IN MEMORY OF THE GREAT ESTONIAN COMPOSERS CONTENTS ESTONIA AND THE ESTONIANS FOREWORD IN THE FOLD OF TSARIST RUSSIA. EMERGENCE AND FIRST STEPS ON THE CLASSICAL-ROMANTIC PATH. HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION I. MUSICAL LIFE IN TARTU AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY. TRAILBLAZERS: ALEKSANDER LÄTE, RUDOLF TOBIAS, ARTUR KAPP. II. THE FIRST DECADE OF THE 20TH CENTURY. ARTUR LEMBA: THE BEGINNING OF ESTONIAN SYMPHONY AND OPERA. III. NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN CULTURAL AND MUSICAL LIFE: THE END OF THE TSARIST PERIOD. THE INDEPENDENT REPUBLIC OF ESTONIA: THE INTRODUCTION OF INNOVATIONS FROM WESTERN ART AND THE EVOLUTION OF NATIONALLY ORIENTED MUSICAL TRENDS. IV. THE TWENTIES. ARTUR KAPP: ROMANTICIST AND DRAMATIST. V. THE INFLUENCE OF NEW WESTERN MUSIC...
Malestrom Major Rivers N am e Continent Out fl o w T o tal Lengt h (mi.) Nile Africa Mediterran ean Sea 4,1 60 Am azo n South Am erica Atlantic Oce an 4,000 Ch ang (Yangtze) Asia East China Sea 3,964 M ississippi-M iss o u ri N o rt h Am eri ca Gul f of Mexico 3,710 Major Deserts Name ...
Kordamisküsimused FLAJ.07.198 Euroopa ideede ajalugu Metodoloogilised küsimused 1. Tekstuaalne ja kontekstuaalne meetod ideedeajaloo uurimisel Tekstuaalne e kanooniline meetod: Arthur Lovejoy Ideedeajaloo klubi asutaja; tema arvates oli inimese olulisemaid tunnuseid mõtlemine, ideede uurimine tähendab inimese olemuse uurimist. Metodoloogia: Probleemid on univesaalsed ja ideed ajatud. Seega on ideed tsüklilised, pole progressi. Uuris kanoonilist "suurte mõtlejate" rida (ajatu tarkus). Tekstis sisalduvate väidete mõistmiseks on vaja lugeda vaid teksti ennast, pole vaja tunda autorit. Oluline on leida tekstis sisalduv ajatu tarkus. Kontekstuaalne e ajalooline meetod: Cambridge'i koolkond (Quentin Skinner jt) 1. Peab arvestama autori intentsiooni teksti kirjapanemisel. Miks autor nii väidab? 2. Peab arvestama konteksti ja konventsioone (keelelised tavad mõistete/sõnade tähendus muutub ajas); mõjutatud "lingvistilisest...
Kordamisküsimused FLAJ.07.198 Euroopa ideede ajalugu Metodoloogilised küsimused 1. Tekstuaalne ja kontekstuaalne meetod ideedeajaloo uurimisel · Meetodid: Kanooniline e. tekstuaalne meetod Ajalooline e. kontekstuaalne meetod · Tekstuaalne meetod : Arthur Lovejoy. "The Great Chain of Being" 1936 Ideed on tsüklilised, pole progressi Universaalsed probleemid, ajatud ideed "Idee-ühikud" (unit-ideas), mis on ideoloogiate ehituskivid Suurte mõtlejate kanooniline rida Autorit pole vaja uurida: väidete tähendus on leitav tekstist endast · Kontekstuaalne meetod Cambridge'i koolkond (Quentin Skinner jt): Kaks olulist, omavahel seotud aspekti on välja jäänud: Autori intentsioon e. kavatsus. Mitte ainult mida väidab, vaid miks väidab Ajalooline kontekst ja keelelised konventsioonid · Kontekstuaalne meetod II Seetõttu vaja uurida: tekst...
Üldine Teatriajalugu II I Perioodi, riigi või kunstivoolu iseloomustus (eksamil mõne perioodi, riigi, voolu võrdlus; pöörata tähelepanu ka ajaloolistele ja ühiskondlikele taustadele teatri arengus) 1) Lavastajateatri teke Uusaja euroopa teater ei tundnud autori institutsiooni. Teatris oli ainuvaldajaks alati konservatiivne ja traditsioone hoidev näitlejaskond. Uuendusi võeti vastu äärmise vastumeelsusega. Nii Inglismaal kui ka Hispaanias asus näitlejate tsunft ja tema järel ka vaataja nende dramaturgide poolele, kes tagasid etenduse traditsioonilise vormi säilimise. Prantsusmaal juurutati uus lavaline süsteem käsu korras (kardinal Richelieu). Klassitsism oli oma põhiolemuselt kirjanduslik, sest seab dramaturgi kõrgemale näitlejast, näidendi aga lavastusest. Üheks probleemiks muutus vaataja istumine laval see kärpis näitlejate mänguruumi. Kuna tegu oli õukonnateatriga (klassitsism), siis tundus to...
Euroopa ideede ajalugu I loeng 07.09.2012 Inimene kui ühiskondlik olend. Moraalsed ja poliitilised ideed kuidas on seotud? Kes on inimene ja mis on tema eesmärgid, ihad? Üksikisiku tegutsemise sfäär ehk moraalsed ideed õnn, au etc Poliitilised ideed riik, demokraatia etc Moraalifilosoofia Varauusajal räägiti praktilisest filosoofiast, mis jagunes kolmeks eetikaks (üksikisiku elu), ökonoomikaks (perekonnaelu) ja poliitikaks (ühiskondlik elu). Eetika inimestevahelised suhted (õnn, au...), teaduslik lähenemine sõprusele (mis hoiab sõprussidemeid koos, sõprus erinevate klasside vahel jne). Kuidas see mõjutas poliitilist filosoofiat? Kas inimestevahelised sõprussidemed tulevad poliitikale kasuks või vastupidi - kas poliitiline süsteem peaks olema üles ehitatud nii, et sõprus ei mõjuta poliitikat, nii et poleks korruptsiooni? Poliitiline filosoofia Riik kuidas on tekkinud, kes peaks valitsema,...
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