recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without the written permission of the publisher. ISBN 1-59905-201-6 Printed in the United States of America 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Introduction Grammar is a very old field of study. Did you know that the sentence was first divided into subject and verb by Plato, the famed philosopher from ancient Greece? That was about 2,400 years ago! Ever since then, students all over the world have found it worthwhile to study the structure of words and sentences. Why? Because skill in speaking and writing is the hallmark of all educated people. Lesson by lesson, this book provides basic instruction in the eight parts of speech--nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections--as well as the standard patterns of English sentences. All students of English, be they native speakers or those
his uniform. ______________________________ 2 She took her dog because it needed/was needing a walk. ______________________________ 3 She wore her sunglasses because the sun was shining/shone. ______________________________ 4 I failed/was failing my exam twice last year. ______________________________ 5 They watched/were watching TV when they heard a crash. ______________________________ 6 Last year we went/were going camping and we had a great time. ______________________________ 7 My mum was taking/took a picture when she dropped the camera. ______________________________ 8 Hippies lived/were living in the 1960s and 1970s
N: He had not been speaking. · sometimes interchangeable Q: Had he been with past perfect simple speaking? · putting emphasis on the duration or course of an action Future Simple A: He will speak. · action in the future that in a year, N: He will not speak. cannot be influenced next ..., Q: Will he speak? tomorrow · spontaneous decision assumption: I · assumption with regard to the think, probably, future perhaps A: He will be speaking
gave me a piece of advice". Some nouns can be both countable and uncountable. For example, we say "coffee" meaning the product, but we say "a coffee" when asking for one cup of coffee. 3. Rule:You can use 'the' to make general things specific. You can use 'the' with any type of noun - plural or singular, countable or uncountable. "Please pass me a pen" - any pen. "Please pass me the pen" - the one that we can both see. "Children grow up quickly" - children in general. "The children I know grow up quickly" - not all children, just the ones I know. "Poetry can be beautiful"- poetry in general. "The poetry of Hopkins is beautiful" - I'm only talking about the poetry Hopkins wrote. 4. Rule:Rivers, mountain ranges, seas, oceans and geographic areas all use 'the'. For example, "The Thames", "The Alps", "The Atlantic Ocean", "The Middle East". Unique things have 'the'. For example, "the sun", "the moon".
Or: The house was deserted. Another problem is the pollution that the factory causes to the environment. Or: One other problem is the pollution the factory causes to the environment. 2 The Definite Article – the, can be used with both singular and plural countable and uncountable nouns. By the time we got to the bus stop, the bus had already left. The children I saw in the playground were my brother's friends. The weather is awful today! Another general rule about the use of the Indefinite and Definite Article is that the Indefinite Article is used when mentioning someone or something for the first time and the Definite Article is used when referring to someone/something that has been mentioned before. We passed a beautiful house on our way to Birmingham. – Was the house for sale?
(NOT I think you have better see the doctor.) We'd better ask John to help us. 11. Use the present progressive am playing, is raining etc to talk about things that are continuing at the time of speaking. I'm playing very badly today. (NOT I play very badly today.) Look! It's raining! (NOT Look! It rains!) 12. Use for with a period of time. Use since with the beginning of the period. for the last two hours = since 9 o'clock for three days = since Monday for five years = since I left school I've been learning English for five years. (NOT I've been learning English since three years.) We've been waiting for ages, since eight o'clock. 13. Don't separate the verb from the object. VERB OBJECT She speaks English very well . (NOT She speaks very well English.) Andy likes skiing very much. (NOT Andy likes very much skiing.) 14. Don't use the present perfect have/has seen, have/has gone etc with words that name a finished time.
Besides that, I admire him because he is a great long distance runner. Furthermore, he is a dedicated family man. All in all, there ís not much to dislike about the man, except he is too perfect! Crystal likes camping in the mountains. Also, Crystal is an experienced hiker. Texas School for the Deaf is perfectly located. Moreover, it has a strong academic program. For example, the school has a preschool program where both deaf and hearing children learn together. Words that show CONCLUSION · finally · in conclusion · to conclude · to sum up There were a lot of problems discussed at the meeting. Finally, after a few hours, we were able to prioritize the problems in the order we want to solve the problems. Many parents and students have been complaining about the program. For example, scores on the end-of-grade tests have gone down from last year; teachers are not very motivated; and everyone is frustrated
34. Are sports days held at your school? 35. What sports events do you watch on TV? 36. Do you read the sports page in a paper? Do you watch/listen to sports news? Could you tell us the latest sports news? 37. Who is the best athlete in your class? 38. Who is your favourite athlete? What do you know about him? 39. What sports events are popular in Estonia? How many Estonian Olympic gold medalists can you name? 40. Do you think it is necessary for children to play sport? Why? 41. Do you know any Estonian people who are known to everyone and liked by all? Are they politicians, writers, scientists, musicians? 42. Can you name some Estonian writers who are famous for their humour? Which of their books have you read? 43. What kind of books do you like to read? 44. When did you last read a poem? 45. Do you enjoy reading poems? http://www.abiks.pri.ee 46
In London you'll also find Indonesian, Mexican, Greek... Cynics will say that this is because English have no "cuisine" themselves, but this is not quite the true. Vocabulary: to criticize - tasteless overcooked - ingredient - to invent - sauces - to disguise - spice herb - delicious - disappointing - to lend cuisine British Youth (2) Most 18 and 19 year-olds in Britain are quite independent people. English people say that children grow up more quickly now. Relationships within the British family are different now. Children have more freedom to make their own decisions. For example, children aged 13 may be employed part time in Great Britain. Age 15 is legally a "young person" not a "child". Age 16 is a school leaving age. They can leave home, drive a moped, marry with "parents' consent" buy beer. Age 17 can drive a car. Age 18 can vote, get married, drink in pubs.
ManOS Overview Everything below is rooted in my core value of creating selfesteem. My actions today focus on work, girls, travel & having fun. My career is the ultimate leverage point as this creates the money, selfesteem and confidence. The money allows me to travel and the selfesteem & confidence allow me to live the lifestyle that is congruent with drawing in girls. Long term (5+ years), I want my life to offer value to the world by having a beneficial impact on those around me. I am obviously not clear how I will do this, so for now, I am focused on taking the greatest strides possible over the next few years, to better put me in a position to achieve my long term goal. 1. Career Vision I want to earn the rank of manager in my firm within the next 3 years. I want to earn the respect and trust of fellow employees. I�
.. (take) their places on the football field. 9 Mrs Watson ... (make) her speech when the girls rushed in. --- 4 2. Write the verbs in the past simple, the future simple, or the present perfect tense. Do you remember? I started I'll start I've started / she's started I'm not interested in sport, but lots of my classmates are. Some of them ... (1 do) great things in sport. Lisa ... (2 win) nine swimming competitions since she was 13. John ... (3 be) the school's top runner for the last two years. Next spring he ... (4 run) the London Marathon. But my friend Kelly is the best. She ... (5 start) skating when she was four. She ... (6 have) the best results and she ... (7 win) lots of prizes. She ... even ... (8 be) on TV. Kelly ... (9 break) her arm twice while doing a jump on the ice, but she's OK now. Last year she ... (10 travel) to Canada to practise in a training camp. I'm sure sometime in the future she ... (11 win) an Olympic medal. By that time, I ..
........................... 7 Prepositions of Place with the word ‘arrive’.......................................................... 7 Prepositions of Place – in & on with travelling ..................................................... 8 Prepositional Phrases ......................................................................................... 8 Prepositions of Time – in, on & at • in is used with centuries, decades, years, seasons and months, parts of the day, periods of time • on is used with dates, special days, days of week, day of week + part of day, day + of ... • at is used with holidays, exact time, meals and with night in on at • the 20th century • the 29th of November • Christmas / Easter • the Middle ages /August the first • six o’clock / 7.30
7. omits pronouns 8. includes formal language MODEL 1 Dear Madam, I'm writing on behalf of "World Travel" in response to your request for information on holidaying in the Caribbean. A two-week package to the peaceful island of St. Kitts is being offered by our agency for only L 3,000. this island satisfies all your requirements, as it is quiet and has little tourism. In addition, transport is available should you wish to explore other islands in the Caribbean. All travel plans can be arranged through our office. Please contact our agency immediately should you require more information. Yours faithfully, Jane Douglas MODEL 2 Dear Jane, A quick note to help you decide where to hang out over the holidays. Bill and I went to St. Kitts last summer and it was great . It's a small, quiet island that hasn't been overrun by tourism yet so you can really get a feel for the local culture. You can hop over to other islands too, because there are boats leaving St.
ccc_tracy_fm_i-xviii.qxd 7/7/03 3:22 PM Page x x ➤ CONTENTS Bibliography 256 Index 260 Advanced Coaching and Mentoring Program 268 About the Author 269 ccc_tracy_fm_i-xviii.qxd 7/7/03 3:23 PM Page xi Acknowledgments The writing of this book has taken many years of work, reading, teaching, and experience. Many people have contributed to my thinking and have been invisible guides as these chapters came to- gether. I would like to first thank my friend Mark Victor Hansen, who introduced me many years ago to Emmet Fox, perhaps the finest spiritual thinker of the twentieth century. Ernest Holmes, founder of Science of Mind, opened my eyes and heart to the incredible universe
topic of school. Both photos show page 4 6 He dropped a leaf into the water students in class. In the first photo I imagine that 1 1 ate and watched it drift under the they're about 13 years old. 2 have/'ve met bridge. It looks like a science lesson 3 have/'ve caught 7 As she got older, her health and judging by the students' 4 lived deteriorated
Education Education is so multifaceted that it is difficult for me to know where to begin discussing it, or how to prioritize the many factors. Relaying my own experience is easy: I had a standard classroom approach, supplemented by inordinate reading. In only the briefest and least memorable instances did I receive any individual tutoring. Education is commonly thought of as the job of schools. Adults cry "educate our children!" Everyone has opinions about the best way to do the job. It is of urgent importance, and all the numerous factors are much studied, debated, and new (or old) ideas continually tested or retested. Some people say "it's as simple as . . . " and then name their pet peeve or passion. My view is not of an education specialist, but of one who loves sharing what I learn, and owes much to educators. Since I don't have an educational theory neatly worked-out, nor an outline
unnatural. I don't think we have a right 1 1 laboratory 5 crops to `play God' in this way. 2 controversy 6 harmful Leo I see what you mean. But to be 3 discredited 7 term honest with you, people have been 4 campaign 8 crisis crossing breeds for hundreds of years. 2 a, c, e, f It's just the methods that are new. Rosie Well, I think we're going to Transcript WB 02 have to agree to disagree here ... Anyway, talking about food, what shall Leo Did you watch that documentary we ...? about the latest advances in genetically modified food? They've 3
She has a boyfriend and goes to university. Emma is very pleased with the changes in her life. Ex. 5 1. They were always very close- They had a strong relantionships. 2. I kept missing school- I was sad because i wasn't at school. 3. Emma decided to stay on at school- Emma decided to go into a higher class and take exams. 4. (Emma) worked hard for her exams- She did a lot of work Ex. 7 bring up , tell of 1. My grandmother had a difficult life. She grow up nine children! 2. I hate being the oldest because i always have to look after my younger sister. 3. They tell her off when they found her smoking. 4. My brother's really naughty. Sometimes I find it difficult to put up with him. 5. When my little brother bring up , he wants to be a doctor. 6. Everybody says I take after my uncle. We both have the same nose. Ex. 8 Get Make
OUR FAMILY IS NOT VERY LARGE: MY PARENTS , MY BROTHER, MY GRANDPARENTS AND I. SOMETIMES MY UNCLE AND AUNT VISIT WITH THEIR DAUGHTER AND SON, WHO ARE MY COUSINS . OUR FAMILY IS VERY FRIENDLY . ANY TIME, WE HAVE A CHANCE WE TRY TO DO SOMETHING TOGETHER , TO GO TO THE COUNTRY , PLAY SOME KIND OF GAME FOR ALL OR JUST SIT AT A TABLE AND TELL EACH OTHER FUNNY STORIES . I WILL START WITH MY PARENTS. M Y MOTHER AND FATHER MET AT THE UNIVERSITY. THEY GOT MARRIED ONE YEAR AFTER GRADUATION . THEY HAVE BEEN WIFE AND HUSBAND FOR 19 YEARS ALREADY . M Y MOTHER ' S NAME IS E MMA A USTEN . S HE IS FORTY -THREE YEARS OLD , ALTHOUGH SHE DOESN 'T LOOK HER AGE BECAUSE SHE LIKES SPORTS AND GOES SWIMMING TO A LOCAL POOL THREE TIMES A WEEK . S HE IS AN INTERIOR DESIGNER . T HIS IS A VERY CREATIVE PROFESSION . H ER JOB IS TO PLAN THE DECORATION AND FURNISHING OF THE INTERIOR OF A HOUSE , AN OFFICE , A SHOP , OR AN APARTMENT . A S YOU CAN IMAGINE , SHE TOOK
After being in isolation for only two days a realization hit me. I realized that everything that I took for granted was going to change. As many other, I didn’t thought that Estonia is going to suffer greatly from the virus outbreak and everything is going to proceed as usual. Life goes on. But it doesn’t. I became aware of the problem after my sister and I had a talk about immunity. I myself have lived many years with runny nose and I don’t worry too much about it but I really never thought about my little sister and mom. They both have had some serious issues with their health and I don’t want my actions to harm their wellbeing in any way. Because of that our family has stayed isolated for 10 days now. The first few days were like a cakewalk and being home was awesome but later on we all get tense and want our personal space more than before
Tenses 27. jaanuar 2012. a. 9:24 SIMPLE CONTINUOUS -ing PERFEFCT PERFECT on alati sees! CONTINUOUS PRESEN I work in school. I am working in I have worked in I have been working T loodusseadused school. school. in school for/since 5 pidev korduv lähituleviku plaanid Surnute kohta EI SAA years. tegevus(hommiku ÖELDA! siiamaani kestab kohvi) aja-graafikud PAST I worked in I was working in the I had worked in school. I had been working. school. school. fakt on tähtis (for since) finito aeg(see et ta
I will go to the cinema. cinema. Present Perfect Past Perfect I've been to France three He said (that) he had been to times. France three times. Read the sentences and turn them in the indirect form. 1. Ralph said, "We have been in the mountains this summer." 2. "We were very happy to spend the weekend at the seaside," said Donald. 3. "We have left the school," said the children. 4. "In 1991 I entered Oxford University," said Henry. Modal Verbs can could I can swim under He said (that) he could water for two minutes. swim under water for two minutes. must had to All tickets must be He said (that) all tickets bought in advance. had to be bought in advance. may might I may call you
He/she/it went He/she/it did not go Did he/she/it go? We/you/they made We/you/they did not make Did we/you/they make? Lihtminevik väljendab: · Üksikut tegevust või üksteisele järgnevaid tegevusi, mis on lõpetatud enne kõnemomenti või on toimunud minevikus kindlal ajal (in 1984, yesterday, last year etc). I saw my grandmother yesterday. Lisa went to the cinema, after that she went home right away. John wrote us two months ago. · Harjumust või korduvat tegevust minevikus. John always wore a hat. They played football every Monday. · Tegevust, mis toimus teatud ajaperioodil, kuid on kõnemomendiks lõppenud. He lived in this apartment for 5 years. Present Perfect Täismineviku moodustamine
THE CAPITALIST NIGER Chika Onyeani ………………………Every African must internalise this book - period….DAA INTRODUCTION In October 1960, Nigeria received its independence from Britain. By then, Ghana the former Gold Coast had been independent for three years under the great Osagyefo Kwame Nkumah. It was a time for celebrating Africa’s coming of age, as more and more African countries received their independence either from Britain or France. It was especially a poignant time for Africa, as then British Prime Minister Harold McMillan articulated his now famous “winds of change” sweeping Africa. We had high hopes for Africa, for the Black race, that the insidious imposition of foreign rule on us, the looting of Africa’s
Test 2 1 Translate. 1 Küll on kahju, et sa ei saanud tulla. What a pity that you couldn´t came. 2 Mitte keegi ei olnud närvis. Nobody was nervous. 3 Klass oli täis juttu ja naeru. The classroom was full of laughter and talk. 4 Õpilased tervitasid oma õpetajat rõõmsalt. The students greeted their teacher cheerfully. 5 Ma õppisin selle luuletuse pähe. I learned this poem by heart. 6 Lapsed olid enne pidu ootusärevil. The children were excited before the party. 7 osasid vahetama swap the role 8 kahe nädala pärast in two time a week 2 Complete the sentences with the correct verb form 1 Did you meet Ann at the party last night? (meet) 2 Do you think our team will win the football match tomorrow? (win) 3 I can´t go out because I haven´t done my homework yet. (not do) 4 Somebody has broken the lock. I can´t get in. (break) 5 Next year Mary will spend two weeks in Liverpool. (spend)
What is the best age to be? The question we all may ask ourselves time and time again. What is the best age to be? In my opinion there is not a best age and because of that is a question that will always be left unanswered. The life span approach emphasizes developmental change is throughout adulthood as well as childhood. As a 18 year old female I cannot really choose a specific age group that would be best in the life in every aspect, because I have not yet reached certain age periods of my life span development. All ages have great and bad things. When you are a child your freedom is limited and it mostly depends on your parents´ mood at that time. Some examples like where you have to be home at 9.00pm and no TV until you´ve cleaned your room. Also then you have problems, but only the ones generated at school
" "I desire you will do no such thing. Lizzy is not a bit better than the others; and I am sure she is not half so handsome as Jane, nor half so good-humoured as Lydia. But you are always giving her the preference." "They have none of them much to recommend them," replied he; "they are all silly and ignorant like other girls; but Lizzy has something more of quickness than her sisters." "Mr. Bennet, how can you abuse your own children in such a way? You take delight in vexing me. You have no compassion for my poor nerves." "You mistake me, my dear. I have a high respect for your nerves. They are my old friends. I have heard you mention them with consideration these last twenty years at least." "Ah, you do not know what I suffer." "But I hope you will get over it, and live to see many young men of four thousand a year come into the neighbourhood."
That fine young man with fascinating blue eyes... Oh, my sweet Mary, you will never guess what happened yesterday! It was about seven o'clock in the evening when Lillian called me out for a walk you know I can't say `no' to my little sis. Anyway we went to the forest near the Swan Lake and, believe it or not, got lost! Awful! I was so scared... We walked and walked, not even knowing the direction we were heading to, until we reached a huge mansion. And the garden around it was so extraordinary... That is something you just must see! But neither the trees nor flowers could be as wonderful as the owner himself! Sir Thom treated us tea and sandwiches, not forgetting to show us way back to the village. He was so kind, don't you think? In the end, when we had nearly reached our home, he suddenly stopped and called us to a ball! Can you imagine?! A ball with Sir Thom! What an honour... I bet Emily Woodcut will be envious. What about you, Mary
More praise for Influence: Science and Practice! "We've known for years that people buy based on emotions and justify their buying decision based on logic. Dr. Cialdini was able, in a lucid and cogent manner, to tell us why this happens." --MARK BLACKBURN, Sr. Vice President, Director of Insurance Operations, State Auto Insurance Companies "Dr. Cialdini's ability to relate his material directly to the specifics of what we do with our customers and how we do it, enabled us to make significant changes. His work has enabled us to gain significant competitive
- life is too short to be anything , but happy . - Don't fall in love . Fall off a bridge , it hurts less . - I'm like a butterfly ; pretty to look at , hard to catch . - Happily ever after is so once upon a time . - The best things in life aren't things . - I'm a good girl with bad habits . - I lost my number , can i get yours ? What we learned as children, that one plus one equals two. We know to be false, one plus one equals one. We even have a word for when you plus another equals one. That word is love. There are things to learn, things to gain, things to love and things you never want to know about:D Don't ask if you don't want to know:D You learn whole this life, but still die as dumb. (sry kui olemas) Look, but don't see. Touch, but don't feel. Listen, but don't hear. That's what they usually call love.
opportunities available." You might even like your new role so much that your partner decides to copy you. When Chris Oldale, 43, an HR manager, went on a taster course about becoming a gas engineer, he took his wife, 49, along. "What I had not expected was to see her getting stuck in with a blowtorch. She wound up liking it so much that she gave up her IT job to join me in my career change." The same happened with Annie and Paul Clayton, both 42. "We both worked in the police for nearly 20 years," says Annie. "But Paul had become disillusioned and had a friend who was a tree surgeon. He started helping him out and he loved it, so he gave up the police. I'd turn up with sandwiches and realised I loved it too, so now we run a business together." Some of the most successful career changes come out of pursuing a hobby, as Bob Jennings, 53, knows all too well. Having been offered redundancy from a laboratory
Aforismid . *Kõigis asjades ,mis ma kaotanud olen ,igatsen ma oma mõistust kõige rohkem. *Joonista omale mets ja eksi sinna ära! *Mina ei näe unenägusid.Ma magan silmad kinni. *Ma tahtsin saata sulle midagi armsat ja ülinunnut ,aga postiljon käskis mul postkastist välja ronida! *One ticket out of my life!Wanna buy it? *Boys are like trees ,they take 50 years to grow up. *Life is a bitch.So screw it! *Kui mängid minuga ,mängid sa tulega. *You should take your memories and leave ,I don't need them. *I'm that kind of woman that when my feet hits the floor each morning ,the Devil says:"Oh crap, she's up!" *Sa põletad mu monitori ära.Oled sa alati nii kuum? *Kas ma mainisin ,et kui sa mind puudutad ,saad otsekohe jalaga munadesse. *Lapsed tagaistmel põhjustavad õnnetusi.Õnnetused tagaistmel põhjustavad lapsi.
· And when you begin to miss me, dont forget it was you who let me go. · There is an end to things no matter how much we want to hold into them. · Otsisin keset seda pimedust, sind ja loodetud vabadust,kui mu käed su poole, tegid alguse loole, printsessist ja printsist, ühest kaunist kandist, kus oleme meie kaks, kus lõbutseme, kuni otsas jaks. Sa ei pea muinasmaad looma, sa ei pea tähti taevast tooma. Ole vaid minu kõrval, kui tõuseb päike. Ole vaid mu kõrval kui mind piinab meeleheide. Ole mu kõrval, kui kumab kuu, kui su nime hüüab mu suu, ära tõota mulle, et armastad mind, kui ei ole valmis ohverdama end. Luba, et printsess jääb printsiga, kuni nad veel siin ilmas elavad. Unustame hetkeks kõik muu me, tunnetame üksteise kiireid südamelööke, kas tunned, kuidas süda jätab lööke vahele, see kõik on midagi uut, meile kahele. · Women are stronger than men, because they can walk in a 12 cm stilettos without showing t
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