kasvav Pulpwood pabripuit Stumpage puidu langetamise hind Rapidly kiiresti Resemble sarnanema Consistent järjepidev Asserting kinnitades Contrary vastupidi Postwar sõjale järgnev aeg Prewar sõjale eelnev aeg Exceed ületama Sufficiency piisavus Stagnation seisak Comparative võrdlev Deterministic deterministlik Stochastic stohhastilise Postpone pikendama Thus seega Burden koormus Inherited päritud Comprehensive ulatuslik Solely ainult Denote tähendama Uncertainty ebakindlus Fluctuation kõikumine Vary varieeruma Consequence tagajärg
Nouns are commonly thought of as "naming" words, and specifically as the names of "people, places, or things". Nouns also denote abstract and intangible concepts such as birth, happiness, evolution, technology, management, imagination, revenge, politics, hope, cookery, sport... Determiners are followed by the noun. Determiners are the, a or an. The determiner the is known as the definite article and a is indefinite article. Verbs have traditionally been defined as „action“ words or „doing“ words. Travels, sings, walked, cooked... Adjectives typically describe an attribute of a noun
Hallo,my name is ... .I speek the car. Motor car or car is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transporting passengers, which also carries its own engine or motor. Most definitions of the term specify that automobiles are designed to run primarily on roads, to have seating for one to eight people, to typically have four wheels, and to be constructed principally for the transport of people rather than goods. The term motorcar has also been used in the context of electrified rail systems to denote a car which functions as a small locomotive but also provides space for passengers and baggage. These locomotive cars were often used on suburban routes by both interurban and intercity railroad systems. There are approximately 600 million passenger cars worldwide (roughly one car per eleven people). Around the world, there were about 806 million cars and light trucks on the road in Two thousand seven ; the engines of these burn over a billion cubic meters (260 billion US
impression. If you refer to the incidence of something (e.g. dyslexia), you are referring how often it occurs in the population. If something (e.g. incidence) is predominant, it is the Frequent academic/ every day words Academic verb Everyday verb append add (at the end) conceive think up contradict go against convene meet demonstrate show denote to be a sign of, stand for negate make useless, wipe out perceive see reside lie, live trigger cause utilise use Frequent academic/ every day words Academic verb Everyday synonym the converse the opposite crucial very important likewise similarly notwithstanding despite this somewhat rather
1. Latter – Tagumine, viimane 2. Revealing - Paljastav 3. Encounter - Põrkama 4. Imperative - Kõneviis 5. Give rise to - Põhjustama 6. Denote - Tegema 7. Oblique - Kaudne, viltune 8. Average - Keskmine 9. Transmitter - Andur 10. Sales figures – Müügi näitaja, müügi hind 11. Lagged for behind – Selja taha jääma 12. Aggregate - Ühendama, kogum 13. Aptly - Võimekalt, asjakohaselt 14. Highlighted – Esile tõstma 15. Leverage - Mõjujõud 16. Proliferate - Vohama 17. Concurrent – Kaasnev tegur 18. Overall - Üldine 19. Stages - Staadium 20. Flagging - Nõrgenev 21. Alliance - Liit 22. Pinpoint – Täpselt ära näitama
The campaign was launched in 2001 with the US/UK invasion of Afghanistan in response to the September 11 attacks. Since then, other operations have commenced, the largest being the War in Iraq, beginning with a 2003 invasion. Originally, it was waged against al-Qaeda and other terrorist organizations with the purpose of eliminating them. The phrase War on Terror was first used by former US President George W. Bush and other high-ranking US officials to denote a global military, political, legal and ideological struggle against organizations designated as terrorist and regimes that were accused of having a connection to them or providing them with support or were perceived, or presented as posing a threat to the US and its allies in general. It was typically used with a particular focus on militant Islamists and al-Qaeda. The ideology of violent extremists has been discussed frequently since the tragic events of Septenber 11, 2001
1. Distribution Levik, levitamine, jaotus Tõsiseltvõetavus, 2. Credibility usaldusväärsus Kohtuma, kokku 3. Encounter põrkama Kohustus, käsk, käskiv 4. Imperative kõneviis 5. Give rise to Põhjustama Märkima, teatavaks 6. Denote tegema 7. Oblique Kaudne, viltune 8. Utilization Kasutamine, kasutus 9. Transmitter Andur 10. Subsequent Järgnev 11. Unobstruced Avatud 12. Aggregate Ühendama, kogum 13. Aptly Võimekalt, asjakohaselt 14. Semantic agreement Sisuline ühildumine 15. Leverage Mõjujõud 16
30. Extracellular- rakuväline 31. Permanent teeth- jäävhambad 32. Scaffold- tellingud, telling 33. Abrasion- hõõrumisjälg, kulumine 34. Implantation- siirdamine 35. Wisdom teeth- tarkusehambadf 36. Germ- eos, alge 37. Progenitor- eelkäija, rajaja 38. Contribute- kaasa aitama, soodustama 39. Primordium- organi, rakulise struktuuri või koe kõige varajasem arenguprotsess 40. Immunosuppressive- immuunreaktsiooni pärssiv 41. Exfoliate- koorima 42. Shed- välja langema 43. Denote- teatavaks tegema 44. Deciduous teeth- piimahambad 45. Chondrocytes- kõhrerakud 46. Lipocytes- rasvarakud 47. Osteoblasts- luurakud 48. Myocytes- lihasrakud 49. Cardiomyocytes- südamelihasrakud 50. Undergo- läbi elama, kogema 51. Constitute- moodustama 52. Viable- elujõuline, mõistlik 53. Rodent- näriline 54. Customs- toll 55. Obtain- saavutama 56. Disaggregate- rakku eraldama kõige väiksemateks koostisosadeks. 57. Recapitulate- kokkuvõtlikult kordama 58. Oblique- kaudne 59
dresses or skirts and blouses. · Do not wear a blazer to work. A blazer is country or weekend wear. *gifts · Gifts are normally not exchanged in business settings. · When invited to someone's home, always bring a small gift for the hostess. Give flowers, chocolates, wine, champagne or books. · Gifts are opened upon receiving. · It is polite to send flowers in advance of a dinner party. Do not send white lilies, which denote death. *helpful hints for a foreigner · Men should open doors for women and stand when a woman enters a room. · Always hold the door for a person following behind you. · Respect the British desire for privacy. Don't ask personal questions, such as where a person lives or what a person does for a profession or job. Don't talk about money. · Do not violate a queue. It is considered very rude to push ahead in a line.
tegevusnime, oleviku kesksõna, mineviku kesksõna) derivational affix liide, tuletusliide, tuletusafiks (e.g. postwar, anti-American, wiser, greenish) parts of speech sõnaliigid English Estonian Definition Example noun (proper, common, nimisõna, Refers to words which denote classes and categories of book, water, sincerity, Mary, concrete, abstract) substantiiv things in the world, including people, animals, Estonia inanimate things, places, events, qualities, and states. Nouns can be divided into proper nouns and common nouns
Verbs of motion Verbs of motion ACTUAL HABITUAL MEANING To walk To ride To fly To carry, bring To lead To drive To swim, sail To run Unprefixed Verbs of M otion , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , TO GO PAST PRESENT FUTURE PAST PRESENT FUTURE , as in the model. Use adverbs of time. Model: . . . 1. . 2. . 3. . 4. ? 5. ? 6. . The Past Tense of the Verb The verb in the past tense (, , , ) denotes movement in one direction. : , . . . . . Use the verbs , , , , , in the required form. 1. _______ . . ________ 2. . ...
o -long – lasting - Daylong, life-long, headlong o -ward(s) – towards – homeward, onward, eastward, backwards, inwards o -wise – in the manner of X/like X or spatial arrangement or concerning X – likewise, sarongwise, lengthwise, foodwise, moneywise Nominal suffixes are often employed to derive abstract nouns from verbs, adjectives, and nouns. Such abstract nouns can denote actions, results of activities, or other related concepts, but also properties, qualities, and the like. o Agent/doer -er – astrologer, sixth-former, painter, player, hatter, whaler –or – doctor, solicitor, governor, tremor, bachellor, manor, mirror, –eer – mutineer, profiteer, mountaineer –ier – collier, cashier, lawyer –ant – pendant, deodorant, assistant
Pancake races are often arranged for women in which competitors carry a pancake in a frying pan and have to toss the pancake into the air, catching it again in the pan. Very thin, flat, round pancakes are usually eaten with lemon juice and sugar. 5. What is a Cockney? (people and language) Traditionally, a true Cockney is anybody born within the sound of Bow bells (the bells of the church of St Mary-le-Bow). In fact the term is commonly used to denote people who come from a wider area of the innermost eastern suburbs of London and also an adjoining area south of the Thames. `Cockney' is also used to describe a strong London accent and it is associated with working-class origins. A feature of Cockney speech is rhyming slang : `wife' is referred to as `trouble and strife' and `stairs' as `apples and pears'. 6. Explain the following notions: snobbery, inverted snobbery, posh and being posh, blue/
151.Crucial part oluline osa 152.Crucial to maintaning oluline säilitada 153.Crudely rohmakalt 154.Cultivate- viljelema 155.Cultivated- kasvatatud, istutatud D 156.Deciduous- heitleheline, pudenev puu 157.Deciduous plants lehtilangetav taim 158.Deck- põrand, laudis 159.Decline vähenema 160.Decomposition - lagunemine 161.Decorative arts- dekoratiivkunst 162.Decorative tree- dekoratiivne puu 163.Demiurge- looja 164.Denote- märkima, tähendama, näitama 165.Densely populated tihedalt asustatud 166.Densely- tihedasti, kompaktselt 167.Descending kahanev 168.Descriptive - kirjeldav 169.Desert areas kõrbede alad 170.design- disain 171.Designed for human amenity kujundatud lähtuvalt inimeste mugavuseks 172.Desired plant soovitav taim 173.Different design- erinev disain 174.Dips- lohud 175.Discordant - vastuloluline 176
Style The term style is a polysemantic one. The latin word ,,stilus" meant a writing instrument used by the ancients for writing on waxed tablets. Already, in classical latin the meaning of style was extended to denote the manner of expressing one's ideas in written or oral form. One of the abts/the best was given by Jonathan Swift: ,,Proper words in proper places." In present- day english, the world style is used in about half a dozen basic meanings. 1. the characteristic manner in which a writer expresses his ideas. Some speak about the style of Hemingway, Dickens etc. 2. the manner of expressing ideas, characteristic of a literary movement or period. Style
æ (A similar thing in French, the digraph oe still in use, e.g. oeil eye) Old English had /ü/ like other Germanic languages today (e.g. German). (The sound was lost during the Middle English period).Latin had no such sound. y (a form of i) was used to indicate the sound. How do we know? Cf Old English "fyrst" and Modern German "Fürst", Estonian "vürst" (an old Low German loan). In Old English texts we come across several · runic letters · modified Latin letters. Both used to denote sounds that Old English had and Latin did not. Thorn-letter (runic) and edh-letter (modified Latin d) for the // sound (close to t and d) used indiscriminately for both the voiceless and the voiced variant. Thorn, or orn (, ), is a letter in the Anglo-Saxon and Icelandic alphabets. It was also used in medieval Scandinavia, but was later replaced with the digraph th. The letter originated from a rune in the Elder Fuark, called thorn in the Anglo-Saxon and thorn or
contrast, modification): *the Tallinn, a Tallinn - unique denotation, usually written with initial capitals - often combine with descriptive words - proper nouns (a single word) vs proper names (King's College, the Hague, NB! *King's famous College, *the beautiful Hague) - may undergo processes of lexical morphology: un-Joneslike, Jonesian - open class words Common nouns: - count (denote individual countable entities): dog, pen, chair - noncount (denote an undifferentiated mass or continuum): water, gold, sugar, furniture Concrete vs. Abstract: (semantic distinction) concrete: table, milk abstract: love, thought, idea remark--remarks, warmth--*warmths One class or more: Nouns in English can be assigned to a primary or default class. Nevertheless, it is often possible to coerce a noun from one class to another, with a concomitant meaning change. Proper count: There are three Evas in the class.
1. STYLE The term "style" is polysemantic (has many meanings): a Latin word "stilus" originally meant a writing instrument used by ancient people. Already in classical Latin the meaning was extended to denote the manner of expressing one's ideas in written or oral form. Jonathan Swift defined style as "proper words in proper places". In present day English the word "style" is used in about a dozen of principle meanings: 1. the characteristic manner in which a writer expresses his/her ideas (e.g. style of Byron) 2. the manner of expressing ideas, characteristic of a literary movement or period 3. the use of language typical of a literary genre (e.g. the style of a comedy, drama, novel)
STYLISTICS 1. Style, stylistics, a survey of stylistic studies The term ,,style" is polysemantic. Latin ,,stilus"--a writing instrument used by the ancients for writing on waxed tablets. Soon, the meaning was extended to denote the manner of expressing one's ideas in written or oral form. Jonathan Swift said: ,, Style is proper words in proper places" Present day--half a dozen meanings: · the characteristic manner in which a writer expresses his ideas (Style of Byron) · the manner of expressing ideas characteristic of a literary movement or period (symbolism, romanticism) · the use of lg
comes library) and other materials were also used. According to Herodotus (History 5:58), the Phoenicians brought writing and papyrus to Greece around the 10th or 9th century BC. The Greek word for papyrus as writing material (biblion) and book (biblos) come from the Phoenician port town Byblos, through which papyrus was exported to Greece. From Greek we also derive the word tome (Greek: ), which originally meant a slice or piece and from there began to denote "a roll of papyrus". Tomus was used by the Latins with exactly the same meaning as volumen. Whether made from papyrus, parchment, or paper, scrolls were the dominant form of book in the Hellenistic, Roman, Chinese, and Hebrew cultures. The more modern codex book format form took over the Roman world by late antiquity, but the scroll format persisted much longer in Asia. Codex Woman holding a book (or wax tablets) in the form of the codex. Wall
Oxymoron Neologisms Functional styles / registers Hyperbole STYLE AND STYLISTICS FGI 1081 Stylistics (I. Ladusseva) 2 The term "style" is polysemantic (has many meanings): a Latin word "stilus" originally meant a writing instrument used by ancient people. Already in classical Latin the meaning was extended to denote the manner of expressing one's ideas in written or oral form. The precise definition was given by Jonathan Swift, who defined style as "proper words in proper places". In present day English the word "style" is used in about a dozen of principle meanings: 1. the characteristic manner in which a writer expresses his/her ideas (e.g. style of Byron). 2. the manner of expressing ideas, characteristic of a literary movement or period (e.g.
produce appropriate meaningful speech? The Referential Theory There is an attractive and commonsensical explanation of all the foregoing facts--so attractive that most of us think of it by the time we are ten or eleven years old. The idea is that linguistic expressions have the meanings they do because they stand for things; what they mean is what they stand for. On this view, words are like labels; they are symbols that represent, designate, name, denote or refer to items in the world: the name "Adolf Hitler" denotes (the person) Hitler; the noun "dog" refers to dogs, as do the French "chien" and the German "Hund." The sentence "The cat sat on the mat" represents some cat's sitting on some mat, presumably in virtue of "The cat" designating that cat, "the mat" designating the mat in question, and "sat on" denoting (if you like) the relation of sitting on. Sentences thus mirror the states of affairs they
whole. budget – a pouch or wallet OR financial plans (kept in a bag) Hollywood – the American film industry or it products. Bollywood – the centre of Hindi film industry, which is maingly in the Indian city of Mumbai. Wall Street – (a street in NY where some of the most important US financial institutions are centered.) The American financial world or money market. 34. Meaning restriction and extension Euphemism: the useo f terms of innocent meaning to denote what is unpleasant or indelicate: Toilet = cloakroom (UK polite word for toilet, especially in a public building); senior citizen – old person polite way; merry - drunk, to go – to die, perspiration – sweat, plump – fat. 35. Meaning degradation and elevation Pejoration (worsening of meaning, deterioration) <> Amelioration (improvement of meaning) Pejoration: • - in moral terms • - unpleasant social implication • - unpleasant aesthetic implication • - psychological causes
still very self-centered administrations that hinder economic development rather than fostering it, there is the frequent legalistic domination of PA and of lawyers within the civil service that is preventing a problem-solving approach, and there are organizational changes and other shifts in public life that distance us from the Twenties. But the Weberian system has actually (been) adapted to them very successfully, as Continental PA always has. Both to characterize these and to denote a post-post-NPM, synergetic system of PA, perhaps a specifically European one that is not a NPM "laggard" but the opposite, Pollitt and Bouckaert, in what is now the standard book on Public Management Reform, have coined in the second edition (September 2004) the term "Neo-Weberian State" or NWS. I think it is wise to accept that label for the sake of clarity and uniformity, even if I do not agree completely with all details (for my earlier thought on the matter, see Drechsler 2003,
muud toimunud, käände- ja pöördevormid: folio, 3) paljud sõnaperekonnad koosnevad omnibus, veto, segiläbi imprimatur etc. germaani ja ladina elementidest (man: male, 2) võõra keele lõpuelement masculine, virile; holy: saint, sanctity; eemaldatakse: tooth: criticus> critic, denotare>denote; dentist). extendere>extend; 4) omakeelsed sünonüümid puuduvad: 3) ladina järelliide vahetatakse välja ingl linguistics sks Linguistik/ mõne teise Sprachwissenschaft järelliite vastu: pericarditis Perikardit või obligatorius>obligatory; Herzbeutelentzündung generosus>generous jne. 4
PIIRATUD RESSURSS 6 SNR – signaal-müra suhe. Iseloomustab kvaliteeti. Antud valmis alati kordades! S ( signaal ) SNR= N ( müra ) SNR [ dB ] =10 ∙ log ( NS ) Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) is a basic noise model used in Information theory to mimic the effect of many random processes that occur in nature. The modifiers denote specific characteristics: Additive because it is added to any noise that might be intrinsic to the information system. White refers to the idea that it has uniform power across the frequency band for the information system. It is an analogy to the color white which has uniform emissions at all frequencies in the visible spectrum. Gaussian because it has a normal distribution in the time domain with an average time domain value of zero. 8
COM Component Object Model [Microsoft] + Computer Output Microfilm .COM Command (file name extension) + Commercial Business (Domain Name) [Internet] COM1 First serial Port (asynchronous port) COM2 Second serial Port COM3 Third serial Port COM4 Fourth serial Port COMDEX Computer Dealers Exposition COMET Cornell Macintosh Terminal Emulator COMM Communications COMMAT In Morse Code (.--.-.)(dot dash dash dot dash dot), name of the sign to denote the Commercial At symbol "@". (Adopted by the ITU in December 2003) COMP Compare COMP. Computers [USENET Newsgroup Category] COMSAT Communications Satellite Corporation CON Console (includes Keyboard and Screen) COND Condition CONFIG Configuration CONS Connection-Oriented Network Service CONTONE Continuous Tone .COOP Cooperatives-Business (Domain Name) [Internet] COPICS Communications Oriented Production Information and Control System [IBM]
HAMLET Ay, madam, it is common. QUEEN GERTRUDE If it be, Why seems it so particular with thee? 16 HAMLET Seems, madam! nay it is; I know not 'seems.' 'Tis not alone my inky cloak, good mother, Nor customary suits of solemn black, Nor windy suspiration of forced breath, No, nor the fruitful river in the eye, Nor the dejected 'havior of the visage, Together with all forms, moods, shapes of grief, That can denote me truly: these indeed seem, For they are actions that a man might play: But I have that within which passeth show; These but the trappings and the suits of woe. KING CLAUDIUS 'Tis sweet and commendable in your nature, Hamlet, To give these mourning duties to your father: But, you must know, your father lost a father; That father lost, lost his, and the survivor bound In filial obligation for some term To do obsequious sorrow: but to persever In obstinate condolement is a course
the other codebreakers began to segregate the ciphertext letters into cycles representing the rotation of the coding wheels—gingerly at first, then faster and faster as the evidence accumulated. The polyalphabetic class of ciphers, to which PURPLE belonged, is based ultimately upon an alphabet table, usually 26 letters by 26. To reconstruct the PURPLE tables, the cryptanalysts employed both direct and indirect symmetry of position— names only slightly less forbidden than the methods they denote. Errors, caused perhaps by garbled interceptions or simple mistakes in the cryptanalysis, jarred these delicate analyses and delayed the work. But slowly it progressed. A cryptanalyst, brooding sphinxlike over the cross-ruled paper on his desk, would glimpse the skeleton of a pattern in a few scattered letters; he tried fitting a fragment from another recovery into it; he tested the new values that resulted and found that they produced acceptable plaintext; he incorporated his essay into the
no more than a story, a bundle of thoughts and emotions, becomes of secondary importance and no longer occupies the forefront of your consciousness. It no longer forms the basis for your sense of identity. you are the light of Presence, the awareness that is prior to and deeper than any thoughts and emotions. PATHOLOGICAL FROMS OF EGO As we have seen, the ego is in its essential nature pathological, if we use the word in its wider sense to denote dysfunction and suffering. Many mental disorders consist of the same egoic traits that operate in a normal person, except that they have become so pronounced that their pathological nature is now obvious to anyone, except the sufferer. For example, many normal people tell certain kinds of lies from time to time in order to appear more important, more special, and to enhance this image in the mind of others: who they know, what their achievements,
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