How stress affects your health? Presented by Yulia Kovtun Student of the KPI Faculty of linguistics «fight or flight» - « », , Word to trigger , list insomnia to rev up invader , irritability anxiety depression headaches insomnia prolonged tension Word list adrenal glands digestion for the to induce video hypertension heart stroke - Thank you for attention!
skeletal and smooth muscle within the PNS. ACTION POTENTIAL – An electrical phenomenon which occurs when a neurone is activated and temporarily reverses the electrical state of its interior membrane from negative to positive. An electrical charge travels along the axon to the neurone’s ending (terminal) where it triggers the release of a neurotransmitter* and then disappears. ADRENALINE (U.S. - Epinephrine) – A hormone released by the adrenal medulla* and a neurotransmitter acting at the level of the autonomic nervous system and the brain. ADRENAL CORTEX – The outer layer of the adrenal, a small endocrine gland located near the kidney. It produces and secretes several hormones* (corticosteroids) e.g. cortisol. It is implicated in stress response. ADRENAL MEDULLA - The centre of the adrenal, a small endocrine gland located near the kidney. It produces and secretes noradrenaline and adrenaline for the
id=10344 (01.05.2012) Fix, A., Harms, C. 1990. Immunocytochemistry of Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors in Three Domestic Ferrets (Mustela putorius furo). Vet Pathol, 27: 199-201. [Online] (http://vet.sagepub.com/content/27/3/199) (21.04.2012) Foster, Smith. 2012a. Diseases Most Common In Ferrets. [WWW] http://www.drsfostersmith.com/pic/article.cfm?aid=1877(29.04.2012) Foster, Smith. 2012b. Adrenal Gland Disease. [WWW] http://www.peteducation.com/article.cfm?c=11+1286&aid=522 (05.05.2012) Gupta, A., Gumber, S., Schnellbacher, R., Bauer, R., Gaunt, S. 2010. Malignant B-Cell Lymphoma with Mott Cell Differentiation in a Ferret (Mustela Putorius Furo). J VET Diagn Invest. 22, 469-473. [Online] (vdi.sagepub.com/content/22/3/469.full.pdf) (21.04.2012) Hines, R. 2012.Adrenal Disease In FerretsAdrenal Gland Tumors andHyperadrenocorticism. [WWW] http://www.2ndchance
muutused "adaptsioonisündroom" Stress on normaalne, vajalik reaktsioon: kohanemine, mobiliseerimine (füüs & psüüh reservid) - positiivne faas (mobilisatsioon, eustress) > taluvuspiir -> negatiivne faas e distress - stressorid: raske kehaline pingutus, trauma, hapnikuvaegus, agressioon, pikaajaline magamatus, ületöötamine, psüühiline pinge ja kestev konflikt, isolatsioon, motiivide konfliktid, ajadefitsiit. (1) häire- e shokistaadium (2) vastupanustaadium (adrenal., suhkur, kloriid) (3) kurnatusstaadium (kaitsejõudude mahasurumine, immuun-, südame-, mao-, aju häired) (3a) taastumine. Frustratsioon: psüühiline pingeseisund, mis tekib tegevuse sunnitud katke(sta)misel enne eesmärgi saavutamist; perspektiivituse või ebaõnnestumise elamustekompleks. Omadused: impulsiivsus; f.-taluvus; isikupära(Rosenzweigi pilt-frustratsioonitest) John Dollard: igs agressioon on frustratsiooni tagajärg. (Eeldusel, et takistusi tajutakse sihilikena)
aastal. Nikotiin on tõhus parasümpatomimeetiline alkaloid, mida leidub maavitsaliste perekonnas olevates taimedes, leidub teda 2-14% ning see moodustab 0.6-3% taime kuivkaalust. Esmane funktsioon on tal taimekaitse, kuna ta peletab eemale herbivoore. Imetajatele mõjub nikotiin stimulandina ja relaksandina madalates doosides(<30mg , suurtemates doosides on ta juba vägagi kahjulik, letaalne doos inimesele on 0.5-1 mg/kg kohta), see vabastab glükoosi maksast ning epinefriini adrenal medullast. Kohveiin Kohveiin on kesknärvisüsteemi aktiveeriv stiumlant ja maailmas kõige levinum psühhoaktiivne narkootikum, kuigi vaatamata oma sõltuvust tekitavatele omadustele on ta ülemaailma legaalne. Puhtal kujul on ta valge kristalliline puriinalkaloid, mis on kibeda maitsega, keemiliselt on ta väga sarnane adeniinile ja guaniinile, mida leidub DNA-s ja RNA-s. Toksiliseks muutub kohveiin kõrgel doosil, >10g päevas täiskasvanud inimesel, mis on palju
maiustustest, kommidest, kookidest, kohvist, kofeiinirikkastest jookidest ja suhkruga valmistatud toitudest. Peaks elimineerima või oluliselt piirama toitusid, mis stimuleerivad neerupealseid." SUHKUR JA NEERUPEALSED 1940ndatel taasavastas John Tintera endokriinsüsteemi elulise tähtsuse ja eriti tema tähtsuse "patoloogilises mentaalsuses" ehk "[brain boggling]". Uurides 200 hüpoadenokortitsismi (adekvaatse neerupealse kortisoolhormooni [adrenal cortical hormone] loomise puudulikkus või nende hormoonide ebasobiv kogus) juhtumit, leidis ta oma patsientide põhilisteks kaebusteks olevat samad, mis inimestel, kelle organism ei suuda omastada suhkrut: väsimus, närvilisus, depressioon, kartus, iha magusa järele, alkoholitalumatus, suutmatus kontsentreeruda, allergiad, madal vererõhk. See on ju suhkrupohmelus! Lõpuks nõudis dr Tintera, et kõik tema patsiendid teeksid läbi neljatunnise glükoosi
management of the damaging stress response. 1.3 Stress and physiological factors. Organisms respond to stress with secretion of neuroendocrine mediators. These hormones interact with physical, cognitive and emotional processes. (Steptoe et al., 2007; Herbert et al., 2006; De Kloet et al., 2005; Kiecolt-Glaser et al., 2003; Rohleder et al., 2002,). Psychological and other forms of stress influence the sympathetic nervous system, hypothalamuspituitary adrenal (HPA) - axis, and immune system; the interaction between these systems is complex (Raison et al., 2003, Pariante & Miller, 2001; Adler, Felten & Cohen, 2001). Activation of the HPA axis by physical or psychological stress begins with corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) secretion from the Hypothalamus, CRH then signals the Anterior Pituitary gland to secrete Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), ACTH then acts on the Adrenal gland which
Kui efektiivsed need on? Neuroblastoom-med närvirakk-kasvaja. Malignant tumor containing embryonic nerve cells; usually metastasizes quickly. http://www.cancer.gov/cancerinfo/pdq/treatment/neuroblastoma/healthprofessional/ Neuroblastoma is predominantly a tumor of early childhood, with two thirds of the cases presenting in children younger than 5 years. In rare cases, neuroblastoma can be discovered prenatally by fetal ultrasonography. Neuroblastoma originates in the adrenal medulla or the paraspinal sites where sympathetic nervous system tissue is present. The most common symptoms are due to a tumor mass or to bone pain from metastases. Proptosis and periorbital ecchymosis are common and arise from retrobulbar metastasis. Extensive bone marrow metastasis may result in pancytopenia. Abdominal distention with respiratory compromise due to massive liver metastases occurs in infants. Because
spontaanne ovulatsioon – ei sõltu kopulatsioonist, veistel, hobustel, koertel, kaamlitel. stimuleeritud ovulatsioon – peab toimuma kopulatsioon, et folliikul ovuleeruks, kassidel. Sensoorsed signaalid saadetakse hüpotalamusse lisaks LH mõjule. Hormoonid FSH – mõjutab granuloosarakke, folliikulid kasvavad LH – teeka sekreteerib testosterooni, see läheb granuloosarakku, tekib östrogeen. Östrogeen – stimuleerib sugutungi, sünteesitakse munasarjas, platsentas, adrenal cortex, Sertoli rakus Öksütotsiin – mõjutab müomeetriumi aktiivsust. Luteaalfaas – pärast ovulatsiooni, ovuleerunud munarakust tekib kollaskeha - seda nim luteiniseerimiseks, mida kontrollib LH. Kollaskeha toodab progesterooni. Luteolüüs – kui viljastumine ei toimu, siis toimub kollaskeha apoptoos ja degenereerub valkjaskehaks. Kui progesterooni on vähe, siis toimub luteolüüs. Seejärel GnRH inhibiitor,
and travel throughout the body. Although all body cells 32 are exposed to the hormone, the only cells that respond to it are the cells that have specific receptors that bind the hormone. b. Epinephrine is a hormone that has a significant effect on the radius of blood vessels. Epinephrine is secreted by the adrenal medulla (an endocrine gland atop the kidneys) in response to sympathetic stimulation. Epinephrine enters the blood stream and travels to all part the body interacting with those cells having epinephrine receptors on their cell surface. c. There are two types of epinephrine receptors found in blood vessels, alpha receptors () and beta-2 receptors (). Epinephrine can cause either
Resursside mobiliseerimine. · positiivne faas- (mobilistatsioon, eustress) taluvuspiir negatiivne faas e distress. Kui jääb eustressid tasemele, siis on hästi. · Stressorid: kestev raske kehaline pingutus, trauma, ravimisperiood, trauma tekkimine võib kaasa tuua elustiili muutuse. Hapnikuvaegus, pikaajaline magamatus, isolatsioon (eriti sotsiaalne). Häire- e shokistaadium vastupanustaadium (adrenal., suhkur, kloriid) kurnatusstaadium (kaitsejõud surutakse maha, immuun-, südame- mao- aju häired) taastumine. Aitab elukoha-, ametikoha- jms muutused. Frustratsioon. Lühemaajalisem, tulevad lähevad, kordumisel võib tekkida ka stress. Motiveeritud käitumist lahates saab defineerida. Psüühiline pingeseisund, mis tekib tegevuse sunnitud katke(sta)misel enne eesmärgi saavutamist, perspektiivituse või ebaõnnestumise elamustekompleks.
Sadly, the ECA stack is not a free ride. The e ects are beautiful and predictable, but there are prices to be paid: side effects. Tolerance to the upper-like e ects11 develops quickly and cessation can cause severe headaches. The withdrawal pains lead to a domino e ect of stimulant use. Either people never stop taking ECA or they substitute in equally strong drugs to avoid chronic fatigue. I suspect there is an entire generation of strength and endurance athletes with ECA-induced adrenal fatigue who now depend on stimulants for normal everyday function. Some I know opt for 6 10 double espressos per 24 hours. Used in high doses or in high-humidity/high-heat conditions, ephedrine and ephedra have also both been associated with heart attack and death. I su ered so many sinus infections post-ECA that I visited a Stanford-trained specialist who, after reviewing a cranial MRI, asked without a second of hesitation: "Do you drink much ca eine or take other stimulants
about this almost hypnotic effect. W h e n I started critiquing screenplays and stories for a living, I soon found that what I was really reporting was how they had triggered chemical reactions in the organs of my body. T h e organs squirt fluids, all day long, as we react to various emotional and physical situations in our environment, and it's no different when we watch a movie or imagine scenes from a novel. W h e n we are stressed or frightened, our adrenal glands transmit a chemical jolt through the body, sending signals to increase the heart rate and pace of breathing. W h e n we are in shock from seeing trau matic or frightening things, our bodies send messages to shut down certain processes to preserve a core of life in an emergency. T h e word "horror" derives from the Latin word for bristling and reflects the body's automatic reaction to uncanny events, things that upset the normal order.
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