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2011-11-30
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other’: I haven’t met either twin/either of the twins/ either of them. Neither shoe fits/ Neither of the shoes fits)/Neither of them fit(s). Both, either and neither can be used on their own: The store has two lifts, and both are out of order / neither is working. 4 Few/a few – a little/little A few and few are used with plural countable nouns. A little and little are used with uncountable nouns. With ’a’ the meaning is optimistic, expressing a positive attitude: We have a few oranges. We can make some orange juice. (= some oranges, though not many) I have a few good friends. (= I can always rely on them) There is a little tea left – would you like another cup? (= some tea, but not much) I have a little money. (= There is no need to worry)
•They defused a bomb but didn’t know there’s another one nearby going to explode. •There are other ways of eliminating rats besides drowning them. •It’s no use having only one shoe. I don’t know where the other one is. function/grammar words In English grammar, a function word is a word that expresses a grammatical or structural relationship with other words in a sentence. In contrast to a content word, a function word has little or no meaningful content. Function words are also known as grammatical words, grammatical functors, grammatical morphemes, function morphemes, form words, and empty words. Function words include determiners (for example, the, that), conjunctions (and, but), prepositions (in, of), pronouns (she, they), auxiliary verbs (be, have), modals (may, could), and quantifiers (some, both). generic reference We can refer to something in a generic way by using any of the three articles. We can do the same
Golden Grammar rules 1. Don't use an with own. Sue needs her own room. (NOT Sue needs an own room.) I'd like a phone line of my own. (NOT ... an own phone line.) 2. Use or rather to correct yourself. She's German or rather, Austrian. (NOT She's German or better, Austrian.) I'll see you on Friday or rather, Saturday. 3. Use the simple present play(s), rain(s) etc to talk about habits and repeated actions. I play tennis every Saturday. (NOT I am playing tennis every Saturday.) It usually rains a lot in November. 4. Use will ..., not the present, for offers and promises. I'll cook you supper this evening. (NOT I cook you supper this evening.) I promise I'll phone you tomorrow. (NOT I promise I phone you tomorrow.) 5. Don't drop prepositions with passive verbs. I don't like to be shouted at. (NOT I don't like to be shouted.) This needs to be thought about some more. (NOT This needs to be thought some more.) 6. Don't use a present tense after It's time. It's t
The Article Table of Contents General Rules....................................................................... 2 The Definite Article ............................................................... 5 Names that take the Definite Article...................................... 6 No article.............................................................................. 7 Countable and uncountable nouns ....................................... 9 General Rules There are two articles in the English language – the Indefinite Article and the Definite Article. The Indefinite Article has two forms – a and an (a precedes words beginning with a consonant sound and an precedes words beginning with a vowel sound). It comes from the Old English word ãn, which meant one. The Definite Article is the. It comes from the Old English word ţis, which meant this. Thus, in most general terms, a and an cannot be used with countable no
can picture chair radio cot television cup train desk truck door watch gate egg window 11 Exercise 1 Underline the common nouns in these sentences. 1 There's a little bird in the garden. 2 Who is your teacher? 3 Don't eat that rotten apple. 4 Kate has a lovely doll. 5 I like reading stories. 6 My father is a doctor. 7 Every child has a dictionary. 8 Rudy hates bananas. 9 The phone is ringing. 10 Here's a book for you. Exercise 2 Here's a mixed bag of words. Put each word under its correct heading. swimmer snail fire engine clown
INGLISE KEELE PÕHITÕED C.K 2017 A – AN – SOME Singular: a or an Use some for things you can't count ◦ *a banana *a car *a monkey *a football ◦ *some milk *some water *some coffee ◦ *an egg*an accident *an umbrella *an *some sugar eagle ◦ *some tea *some juice*some money *some butter Plural: some Exercises: 1. http://www.english-4u.de/a_an_some_ex1.htm ◦ *some bananas *some cats *some monkeys *some 2. http://www.english-4u.de/a_an_some_ex3.htm balls ◦ *some eggs*some oranges *some umbrellas *some 3. http://www.english-4u.de/a_an_some_ex6.htm eagles We us the
-is -es analysis analyses, crisis crises, thesis theses -ix -ices matrix matrices, index indices, appendix appendices The vast majority of English nouns follow the regular pattern. Thus, new nouns that enter the language usually take the regular plural. Irregular patterns are not extended to new nouns usually (vax vaxen). The strong or irregular nouns are relatively stable and show little speaker variation. There is some variation regarding nouns such as scarf, dwarf. Some frequently-occurring foreign formations have been nativised in Modern English, while others remain confined to particular registers. Irregular plurals occur in compounds, while regular plurals don't: oxen cart / *dogs cart lice-infested / *fleas-infested teeth cleaner / *hands cleaner clothes basket savings bank arms race -- collective compounds
of how adjectives take comparative and superlative degrees. 1) Inflectional – Adverbs that change by taking suffixes. For example: Fast, faster, fastest 2) Periphrastic – Adverbs that take degrees by words more and most. For example: easily, more easily, most easily 3) Suppletive – Adverbs that take degrees of comparison by changing the root. For example: badly, worse, worst; little, less, least Comparison to the same degree. For example: as ... as/ not as/so ... as: She dances as well as her friend./She can’t dance as well as her. 7.5 Semantic classification of adverbs Adverbs of place: abroad, downstairs, here, underneath Time: now, afterwards, already, just, lately, nowadays Manner: suddenly, dryly, backwards, in a friendly manner
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