Vowel rhyme identical vowels and different consonants pen-best. Consonant rhyme identical consonants and different vowels love-live. Compound rhyme made up of 2 or more words united by single stress women=two men. Eye-rhyme contains identical letters while vowels are pronounced differently farm-warm. Internal rhyme occurs within a poetic line. Head rhyme connects the end of a line with the beginning of the next one by similar sound combinations. Couplet rhyme 2 lines are rhythmically linked by the final rhyme: a a. Cross rhyme rhyming combination: a b a b. Frame rhyme - rhyming combination: a b b a. Triple rhyme - rhyming combination: a a a. Monorhyme - rhyming combination: a a a a. Stanza is compositional pattern of the poem. Typically English stanzas: 1. The heroic couplet 2 iambic (x /) pentametres (5 feet), rhyming: aa bb cc. 2
Shakespeare`s sonnets Sonnets in the world In Italy in the 14 century by Petrarch In England in the 15 century Fourteen lines Iambic pentameter 2 four-line and 2 three-line stanzas The structure of the Shakespearen sonnet It differs from Italian sonnet Three quatrians and a rhymed couplet In iambic pentameter The rhyme scheme is abab cdcd efef gg Shakespeare`s creation 154 sonnets Main themes : time, love and beauty First published in 1609 Dedication to Mr. W.H. Characters Fair Youth The Dark Lady The Rival Poet
Restor. prose: religious writing philosophical writing; instability of government political writing empiricism and scientific method Enlightenment (late 17th century) a cultural movement of intellectuals Writers: John Milton ("Paradise Lost", poems; "Areopagitica", defense of free speech; personal freedom and knowledge of self, contemporary urgent issues of both religious and political nature; high time during Civil War; "Eikonoklaste"); John Dryden (heroic couplet as new standard in poetry, satiric verses; influenced many 18th century writers; "Absalom & Achitophel") Augustan Age (early 18th century) admired and emulated the original Augustan Age Aftermath of the Glorious Revolution: Bill of Rights (constitutional monarchy), Act of Toleration (except Catholics); Treaty of Union (now Great Britain); growing empire, influenced situations in NA Age of Enlightenment: Descartes: "cogito ergo sum"; Thomas Hobbes "Leviathan" (liberal thought);
Bingley, who rents a large house so he can spend the summer in the country. Mr Bingley brings with him his sister and the dashing but proud Mr Darcy, who is the main male protagonist. Darcy is the wealthy owner of an estate in Derbyshire. He is handsome and intelliigent, but judgmental and concerned with social status. Soon there was a public ball in the village of Meryton, where Mr. Bingley demonstrates his admiration for Jane Bennet. Jane falls in love with him. I personally like the couplet, because they are quite open-minded to each other and they are more drollier than Mr.Darcy and Elizabeth. At first Darcy finds Elizabeth tolerable, but not handsome enough to tempt him, but as the plot evolves Darcy begins to admire her, though Elizabeth dislikes him. Mr.Collins arrives for a visit to the estate in order to marry. He asks Elizabeth, who refuses him. Collins marries Charlotte Lucas. Lizzie is disappointed in Charlotte. I find the marriage also inconvenient, because Charlotte
syllables called metre · The basic unit of metre is foot which usually contains one stressed syllable and one or two unstressed syllables · The usual metre of a sonnet is iambic pentameter · The English sonnet (Shakespearean sonnet) differs from the Italian one on its structure · The Italian sonnet has 2 four-line and 2 three-line stanzas, the English sonnet divides into three quatrains, or groups of four lines, and a rhymed couplet, or a pair of lines that usually draws a conclusion or presents a solution to the problems outlined earlier in the poem · The usual rhyme scheme is: abab cdcd efef gg Zanrid 1. Comedies: ,,As you like it", ,,Twelfth night", ,,A Midsummer Night's Dream" 2. Tragedies: ,,Othello", ,,Macbeth", ,,King Lear" 3. Historical: ,,King John", ,,Henry V" , ,,Richard II"
· Mixed metrical patterns--the 5 basic kinds of metre may also appear in a mixed form. In a vast number of cases poetic lines present a blend of several metrical patterns. 15. Typically English stanzas These are poetic forms that evolved during the centuries and a part and parcel of classical English versification. They have a fixed number of lines, a certain pattern of metre and rhyme, and the length of lines. The main stanza patterns are: · The heroic couplet--a stanza containing two iambic pentameters rhyming in pairs (aa bb cc) It is called "heroic" because it has been much used in translating epic or Heroic poetry. This verse form may assume the shape of triplet, in which the third, called Alexandrine, has six iambic feet instead of five. · The ballad stanza comprises four lines consisting of alternate iambic tetrameters and trimesters and rhyming a b a b. It must be distinguished from the ballade, a
The greatest writer of the Renaissance was William Shakespear. Shakespear never made much money and is famous only because of his plays. He lived in Windsor with his merry wives, writing tragedies, comedies and errors. In one of Shakespear's famous plays, Hamlet rations out his situation by relieving himself in a long soliloquy. In another, Lady Macbeth tries to convince Macbeth to kill the King by attacking his manhood. Romeo and Juliet are an example of a heroic couplet. Writing at the same time as Shakespear was Miquel Cervantes. He wrote "Donkey Hote". The next great author was John Milton. Milton wrote "Paradise Lost." Then his wife dies and he wrote "Paradise Regained." During the Renaissance America began. Christopher Columbus was a great navigator who discovered America while cursing about the Atlantic. His ships were called the Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Fe. Later the Pilgrims crossed the Ocean, and the was called the Pilgrim's Progress
Nature stands for enduring, general thruths (opposite to metaphysical), that are always tre everywhere. Nature as collection of eternal thruths best expressed by ancients, studying natre like studying classics. Wit – quickness and liveliness of mind; also fancy and magination which needed restraining. Judgement had to tame wit to achieve a sense of decorum or appropriatness (harmonious union of wit and judgement). The „closed” heroic couplet. In these 2 lines possible to attain rhetorical or witty effects by the use of parallelism, balance or antithesis. Alliteration and assonance could be used to strenghten this effect. Another option: Miltonic blank verse. Dramatic change in prose style, sought concision and clarity (John Locke’s writings). Analogy for new style mathematics. Former complexity (typical to the Restoration wits and scholars) gave way to more factual prose
Phonetic SD Aposiopesis Spondee Onomatopoeia Nominative sent. Pyrrhic Alliteration Asyndeton Rhythmic invers. Assonance Apokoinu Run-on line Rhyme: Gap-sentence link Stanza: Full Framing Heroic couplet Incomplete Anadiplosis Ballad stanza Vowel Tautology Spenserian stanza Consonant Polysyndeton Ottava rima Compound Inversion Sonnet: Eye-rhyme Detachment Italian
This pause reflects graphical division and creates an additional rhythmical impact. The student of language must be aware of typically English stanzas poetic forms that have evolved during the centuries, and are part and parcel of classical English versification. They have a fixed number of lines, a certain pattern of metre and rhyme, and the length of lines. The main stanza patterns in English poetry are: 1. The heroic couplet a stanza containing 2 iambic pentametres (5 feet) rhyming: aa bb cc. 2. The ballad stanza has 4 lines consisting of alternate iambic tetrametres (4 feet) and trimetres, rhyming: a b c b. NB! The ballad stanza is to be distinguished from the ballade, a verse form consisting of three 8-lined stanzas and a 4-lined envoy (stanza of dedication). 3. The Spenserian stanza consists of 9 lines: 8 iambic pentametres (5 feet) followed by 1 iambic hexametre (6 feet),
esialgu m is tahes h ästi m ineva kaub a tähistam iseks.1880 hakati V iinis šlaagriks nimetama menukat laulu, tantsupala või operetiviisi. Lööklaul on lihtsalt populaarne laul, mis oma arenguloo jooksul on muutunud koos laia publiku maitsega. Lööklaulu kõrval on hulk teisi laululiike. Osa neist on piirdunud kitsama rahvusliku levikuga, nagu p rantsuse šansoon (pr “chanson”- laul) või saksa gassenhauer (tänavalaul). L aiem a leviku ga olid kupleed (pr “couplet” – salm), mis rändasid laulumängust ja vodevillist 19 sajandi kabareesse ja teistesse etendustesse. Uuemad nähtused levilaulus on aktuaalsed massilaulud ja poliitilised laulud, mis levisid koos töölisliikumise tõusuga. Filmimuusika eksisteeris tummfilmi ajal illustratiivse saatemuusikana, mida ekraani all asuvas ruumis mängis pianist nn tapöör (sageli improviseerides) , väike ansambel või orkester. Orkestrid kasutasid muuhulgas spetsiaalseid filmisituatsioonide jaoks
kooseksisteerimine. kunstmuinasjutt muinasjutt, millel on kindel autor. Tavaliselt kirjutavad kunstmuinasjutte kutselised kirjanikud, kes kasutavad muinasjutu vormi oma eesmärkide saavutamiseks. Näiteks: Arvo Vallikivi (Valtoni) muinasjuturaamat "Ajaprintsess", Lilli Prometi muinasjutukogu "Taputigake". kunstmuistend vt muistend. kuplee koomiline või satiiriline naljalaul, mida kantakse ette estraadil, operetis või vodevillis. Näiteks: Ha-ha-ha-ha (COUPLET) Comic (In Estonian) 1. Viimasel ajal saab Eestimaal alati nalja oleneb muidugi kohast igal pool küll ei saa eila ma naisterahva põõsa alt leidsin (palja) see nali ajas mind naerma naersin: ha ha ha ha / / 3. Hoopis naljakas lugu juhtus viimati Türil joodik läks uulitsale ja ilma püksata pärast kainema peaga suur oli häbi sel Jüril Türi rahvas sai naerda naeris: ha ha ha ha / / (Jüri Üdi.) kurtuaasne kirjandus rüütlikirjandus, mille õitseng algas Lõuna-
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