The Estonian War of Independence The Estonian War of Independence began with the attack of the Red Army of the Soviet Russia on Narva on the 28 November 1918 and lasted until a ceasefire on the 3 January 1920 (juridically until the 2 February 1920). In the War of Independence, Estonia received support from the UK, Finland, Latvia and the White Russian Northwestern Army. In the defence of the independent statehood of Estonia in the battlefield participated at least 130 students and 11 teachers of the Gymnasium for Boys, which was the name for Gustav Adolf Grammar School at that time. Johan Laidoner has said that it was the schoolboys who brought "the belief, that we would win and that is the greatest gift they have given to the Republic during its birth." (point to the list of students on the slide.) The youngest students of our school in the War of Independence were 15 and the oldest, Martin Hendrikson, cele...
About Peter I House Museum Emperor Peter I (1672-1725) expanded the borders of the Russian Empire in the course of the Northern War and managed to annex the whole Estonian territory by the year 1710. Therefore the protection of the new border areas became the priority of the ruler and he paid a lot of attention to the reconstruction of ports in Tallinn and Paldiski and visited Tallinn several times. Together with the site of the would-be palace, a summer estate and a 17th-century cottage that had belonged to town councillor von Drenteln were purchased for the emperor's use in 1713. The small cottage was enlarged with a wing and the outcome was a building with a hall, a kitchen and four rooms. The small summer residence was in use until the emperor's death. The succeeding rulers used the Palace of Kadriorg that had been completed only after Peter's death and the small building was neglected. The building was ...
Estonian War of Independence During World War I the greatest colonial power in Europe the Russian Empire seized to exist. On its ruins the formerly enchained nations founded their own states. Among them was the Estonian Republic, officially declared on February 24, 1918. When Germany surrendered to the Western Allies on November 11, 1918 a strategic vacuum arose in Eastern Europe. The new rulers of Russia the Bolsheviks decided to use it as a proper moment to re-conquer their lost territories. The ultimate goal was international communist revolution and Germany was the first standing on their way. Thus on November 13, 1918 the Government of Soviet Russia denounced peace with Germany. On November 16 the Commander-in-Chief of the Red Army, Jukums Vacietis, gave orders to start a massive attack on a long front from the Gulf of Finland to the Ukraine. On November 28, two divisions of the Red Army (altogether 12,000 troops) crossed...
Estonian Defence League In this world, different people like different things. Some people are into dancing, but some people are into war games and military things. For those, who like the last ones, there is a special organisation, that raises love to our home country in young people. Estonian Defence League even protects our country in case of a war or emergency. It has and always will be free and open to all of those, who are even a little bit interested in it. The Estonian Defence League was preceded in 1918 by Estonia's first armed home defence organisation: The Citizens' Defence Organisation (Omakaitse) against the public disorder accompanying the Russian Revolution. On 11 November in 1918 the Citizens' Defence Organisation was renamed the Estonian Defence League which performed the tasks of a national guard in the War of Independence. In October of 1925 was founded the Estonian De...
Independence Day On 24 February, Independence Day is celebrated in the Rebublic of Estonia. This is the day that the Manifesto was declared in Tallinn 91 years ago. In responce to a period of Russification initiated by the Russian empire in the 1890's, Estonian nationalism took on more political tones, with intellectuals first calling for greater autonomy, and later, complete independence from the Russian empire. Following the Bolshevik takeover of power in Russia after the October Revolution of 1917 and German victories against the Russian army, between the Russian Red Army's retreat and the arrival of advancing German troops, the Committee of Elders of the Maapäev issued the Estonian Declaration of Independence in Pärnu on February 24, 1918. after winning the Estonian Liberation War against Soviet Russia and at the same time German Freekorps volunteers (the Tartu Peace Treaty was signed on 2 February 1920), Estonia maintai...
Estonian history between 1710-1850 and 1850-1918 Contents Contents.................................................................................................................................. 2 17101850.............................................................................................................................. 3 Population and social structure........................................................................................ 4 Serfdom and the intensifying manorial economy ............................................................. 4 Influences of Pietism and the Moravian Brethren............................................................. 5 Enlightenment and enlightened absolutism...................................................................... 6 18501918.......................................................................................................................
Estonia lies on the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea on the level northwestern part of the rising east European platform. Estonia is a flat country covering 46 226 square kilometers.Estonian's neighbours are Finland, Sweden, Latvia and Russia. Estonia is rich in islands. The two largest are Saaremaa and Hiiumaa . Saaremaa is famous for its big meteorite crater called Kaali and Hiiumaa is famous for its nature and plants. The countries highest point Big Egg hill ( Suur- Munamägi) reaches 318 meters above sea level. Estonia has many uplands too. The uplands are: Pandivere upland, Otepää upland, Vooremaa upland, Karula upland Haanja upland, Sakala upland. Estonia is covered by about 18 000 square kilometers of forest. Estonia is also rich in lakes and rivers The largest lake is Peipsi and the second-largest lake is Võrtsjärv. The largest river is Võhandu whinch is 162 meters long. Estonia has many national parks. A national park is a p...
For and against Estonian troops on peace- keeping missions. I am sure that nobody likes war. Nowadays peace-keeping missions are becoming very popular. Different countries for example Estonia send troops to keep peace in some country where at this instant the war is taking place. But is it necessary? Some point of view peace-keeping missions are important. For example counrty what needs help, can be very weak and needs reinforcement. Also then Estonian forces knows, that if Estonia have foreign policy problems, then this country might helps us too. Secondly if Estonian troops are on peace-keeping missions, then powerful countries might see that our troops are quite practical and this increases our relationships with world countries. Negative is that peace-keeping missions can be very dangerous. Like couple year ago, Estonian soldier died in Afganistan, but he hasn`t been the only one. Even now, estonia...
Private School of Audentes Links between English speaking countries and Estonia Author: Kristin Liiv Supervisor: Mari Martma Tallinn 2006 2 Table of contents Introduction..........................................................................................................................4 First links............................................................................................................................. 5 20th century..........................................................................................................................5 Recognition.......................................................................................................................... 9 Conclusions...............................................................................................................
The Foundation of Estonia Estonia The history of Estonia The history of Estonia is a part of the history of Europe. Estonia was settled near the end of the last glacial era, beginning from around 8500 BC. Before the Germans invaded in the 13th century proto-Estonians of the Ancient Estonia worshipped the spirits of nature. Since the Northern Crusades Estonia became a battleground for centuries where Denmark, Germany, Russia, Sweden and Poland fought their many wars over controlling the important geographical position of the country as a gateway between East and West. Being conquered by Danes and Germans in 1227, Estonia was ruled initially by Denmark in the north, by the Livonian Order, an autonomous part of the Monastic state of the Teutonic Knights and Baltic German ecclesiastical states of the Holy Roman Empire. From 1418–1562 the whole of Estonia was part of the Livonian Confederation. A...
German Occupation of Estonia During World War II By Sten Kangilaski & Kristen Tobias The Beginning · WWII began with the invasion of Poland · Poland was an important regional ally to Estonia · On september 24th, 1939, the Moscow press and radio started attacking Estonia as "hostile" to the Soviet Union. Summer War · After Germany invaded the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941, Finland sided with Germany in the Continuation War. · Thousands of people including a large portion of women and children were killed. · Dozens of villages, schools and public buildings were burned to the ground. German Occupation · Most Estonians greeted the Germans with relatively open arms. · In April 1941, Alfred Rosenberg laid out his plans for the East. · Rosenberg felt that Estonians were the most Germanic out of the people living by the Baltic Sea. The Holocaust · The first...
Estonia Where it is? Republic of Estonia is a state in the Baltic region of Northern Europe .It is bordered to the north by the Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia (343 km), and to the east by lake Peipus and Russia (338.6 km). Across the Baltic Sea lies Sweden in the west and Finland in the north. Towns Tallinn is the capital and the largest city of Estonia. It lies on the northern coast of Estonia, along the Gulf of Finland. There are 33 cities and several town-parish towns in the country. In total, there are 47 linna, with "linn" in English meaning both "cities" and "towns". More than 70% of the population lives in towns. History • Estonia was settled near the end of the last glacial era, beginning from around 8500 BC. Before the German invasions in the 13th century proto-Estonians of the Ancient Estonia worshipped the spirits of n...
Tallinn The first traces of human settlement found in Tallinn's city center by archeologists are about 5000 years old. In 1050 the first fortress was built on Tallinn Toompea.[3] In 1285 the city became the northernmost member of the Hanseatic League. Medieval Tallinn enjoyed a strategic position at the crossroads of trade between Western and Northern Europe and Russia. On 24 February 1918, the Independence Manifesto was proclaimed in Tallinn, followed by Imperial German occupation and a war of independence with Russia. On 2 February 1920, the Tartu Peace Treaty was signed with Soviet Russia, wherein Russia acknowledged the independence of the Estonian Republic. Tallinn became the capital of an independent Estonia. After World War II started, Estonia was occupied by the Soviet Union (USSR) in 1940, and later occupied by Nazi Germany from 1941–44. After Nazi retreat in 1944, it was occupie...
*Estonians conquered by the crusaders 1208 *Reformation 16th century establishments of new school, Estonians first book appeared in 1525 *Tartu University 1632 founded by King Gustavus II Adolphus, classical university, member of the Coimbra group *Abolition of serfdom 1816 *Song festival 1869 in Tartu, an organiser was J.V.Jannsen, 822 singers, men only *Declaration of independence 24th February 1918 *War of independence 1918-1920 during the Russian Civil War, resulted in a victory for Estonia *Deportation 1949 *Estonia becomes independent 20th August 1991 *Joining EU 1st May 2004 Language: Estonian language, belongs to the Balti-Finnic group of the Finno-Ugric languages, closely realted to Finnish and rather remotely to Hungarian; Latin alphabet with 32 letters , 5 of which occur only in foreign words, the phenomes include 9 vowels and 18 consonants; words are borrowed from Latin, Greek, English etc.; sinc...
A single nation. A million voices. The fall of and empire. Main events in Estonian history NIMI Ancient Estonia · Begins from around 8500 BC. · Worshipped the spirits of nature. · Own gods. · 5 periods: mesolithic, neolithic, bronze age, iron age, early middle ages. Click icon to add picture Click icon to add picture Estonian crusade · One of the last corners of medieval Europe to be christianized. · Against pagans in Estonia. ...
Tallinn English College Topic Estonia Tallinn 2008 1. Introduction Estonia is a small country about the size of Switzerland, or New Hampshire and Massachussetts combined. Estonia is named after the people called "Ests" who lived in the region in the 1 st century AD. The Republic of Estonia is one of the three countries commonly known as the "Baltic States". The other Baltic States are Latvia and Lithuania. 2. Geographical position Estonia is situated in northeastern Europe. Estonia is bounded on the north by the Gulf of Finland, on the east by Russia, on the south by Latvia and on the west by the Baltic Sea. In the north it borders on Finland. The coastline of the Baltic Sea in Estonia is characterized by numerous gulfs and bays, the biggest of them being the Gulf of Finland, the Gulf of Riga and the Gulf of Pärnu. Bays include the Narva Bay, Matsalu Bay, Kolga Bay, Kunda Bay, Tallinn Bay etc....
Tallinn Tallinn is situated on the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland, in north-western Estonia. A limestone cliff runs through the city. It is exposed, for instance, at Toompea and Lasnamäe. However, Toompea is not a part of the cliff, but a separate hill. Coastline is 46 kilometres long.The highest point of Tallinn, at 64 meters above the sea level, is situated in the district of Nõmme, in the south-west of the city. The first human steps, that archeologists found, are about 5000 years old. Tallinn`s first fortress was built in Toompea, in 1050. As an important port for trade between Russia and Scandinavia, it became a target for the expansion of the Teutonic Knights and the Kingdom of Denmark during the period of Northern Crusades in the beginning of the 13th century when Christianity was forcibly imposed on the local population. Danish rule of Tallinn and Northern Estonia started in 1219. In 1285...
February 24: Independence Day The Republic of Estonia was founded on February 24, 1918 when the Salvation Committee, Päästekomitee, declared the independence of the Republic of Estonia. This date was celebrated as the Day of Independence until the Soviet occupation of Estonia in 1940. During the Soviet occupation, the Independence Day was festively celebrated in Estonian communities around the world. Every year, the US Secretary of State sent greetings on the occasion to the Ambassador of the Republic of Estonia to the United States, Ernst Jaakson. On February 24, 1989, the red flag of Soviet Estonia was replaced by the blue-black-white Estonian national flag on Toompea and since that time the Independence Day has been celebrated as a public holiday again. This year Estonia will celebrate the 83rd anniversary of the declaration of the state independence. A Quest for Independence For centur...
Freedom Square Freedom Square Freedom Square is a plaza on the southern end of the Old Town. It is bounded on the east by St. John's Church, on the south by Kaarli Boulevard and an underground shopping center. Construction works started in 2008. History In 19th century Freedom Square was called Peetri plats. During the Soviet period, Freedom Square was known as the Victory Square. Before Freedom Square there was a parking lot. It was opened on 23 June 2009 as a memorial for those who fell during the Estonian War of Independence. This cost to Estonia about 26,9 million euros. Victory Column It is also there to commemorating the Estonian War of Independence 1918 1920. The idea of creating a monument was conceived in 1919, before the end of the war. In 2006, a design competition for the monument received more than 40 entries. The winning entry "Libertas" was designed by Rainer Sternfeld, Andri Laidre, Ka...
The Most Interesting Historical Events in Estonia Liana Põldver · The nationwide Song Festival tradition began with the first Song Festival in Tartu, June 18 20, 1869. · 1860 marks the beginning of the period of the National Awakening. A singing society led by Johann Voldemar Jannsen started and carried through the nationwide idea of Song Festival. · During 1879 1910 six Song Festivals were held that played an important part in the nation's cultural and economical awakening and growth. In the independent Estonian Republic the Song Festivals were held in every five years (1923 1938). After World War II, the Song Festival tradition began again in 1947. Since 1950 General Song Festivals were held in every five years again. 1969 was an exception though when 100th anniversary of the Song Festival was celebrated. · The foreign authorities have tried to use the ...
Otto August Strandman Otto August Strandman was an Estonian politican, who served as State Elder of Estonia in 1929 and Prime Minister in 1919. He was one of the leaders of the centre-left of Estonian Labour Party. Strandman was born on 30 November, 1875 in the village of Vandu. Vandu is pretty close to Kadrina. Vandu is situated in Undla Parish, Viru County. His father was Hans Strandman, who was a schoolteacher in Undla Parish, Neeruti Mansion. He had also one brother Andres and one sister Anna. Otto was his third child. Hans was a very good father, because first education got Otto by father. In 1886, he went to the municipal school of Rakvere and in 1888 to Emperor Alexander State High School in Tallinn, later High School in Saint Petersburg. In 1896, he graduated as an extern in the Estonian Governorate High School of Tallinn. In 1907, Otto married to Lydia Hindrikson. Their first two ch...
Mari-Liisa Reigo Jaanipäev Jaaniõhtu, also called Jaanilaupäev and Jaanipäev are the most important days in the Estonian calendar, apart from Christmas. The short summer seasons with long days and brief nights hold special significance for the people of Estonia. Jaanipäev is celebrated in the night between 23rd and 24th of June, a few days after the summer solstice, when night seems to be non-existent. For Estonians, Jaanipäev celebrations were merged with the celebration of Võidupüha during the War of Independence when Estonian forces defeated the German troops on 23 June 1919. After this battle against Estonia's traditional oppressors, Jaaniõhtu and the lighting of the traditional bonfires became linked with the ideals of independence and freedom. Jaanipäev marks a change in the farming year, specif...
Estonia. Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia is a country in Northern Europe. It is the smallest of the three Baltic countries. Estonia has land borders with Latvia (339 km) to the south and Russia (229 km) to the east. It is separated from Finland in the north by the narrow Gulf of Finland and from Sweden in the west by the Baltic Sea. Estonia has been a member of the European Union since May 1, 2004 and of the NATO since March 29, 2004. The area of Estonia is about 45000 square kilometres and the population is about 1.4 million people. The capital of Estonia is Tallinn and the official language is Estonian. The currency is Eesti kroon. The main religion is Lutheran. Anniversary of the republic is celebrated on February 20. The national flower is cornflower, national bird is barn swallow and national stone is limestone. It is a land of great natural beaut...
The Best Country in the World The Best Country in the World Estonia ● Area: 45,227 km² ● Population: 1,36 million ● Capital city: Tallinn (405 000 inhabitants) Sport ● Kiiking ● Kelly Sildaru ● Wife carrying Fun facts ● Tallinn is the city of the first Christmas tree ● Free public transport ● The first country to introduce online political voting ● Skype was invited in Estonia ● Estonian education system is the best in Europe ● 75.7% are irreligious ● 16% say that they believe in God Estonian nature History ● Human settlement was around 11 000 years ago ● Has been under Danish, Swedish, German and Russian ruling ● Achieved independence 24th of February 1918 ● Re-independence 20. August 1991 ● Regained its independence without a war ● Baltic Way Baltic Way The Estonian Song and Dance Festival https://youtu.be/ieKfoxVWUSo
INTRODUCTION Tallinn is the capital and largest city of Estonia. It occupies a surface of 159.2 km2 in which 404,000 inhabitants live. It is situated on the northern coast of the country, on the banks of the Gulf of Finland, in north-western Estonia. Tallinn is the location of many institutions of higher education and science. As an important port for trade between Russia and Scandinavia, it became a target for the expansion of the Teutonic Knights and the Kingdom of Denmark. Historically, the city has been attacked, sacked, razed and pillaged on numerous occasions. Although extensively bombed by Soviet airforces during the latter stages of World War II, much of the medieval Old Town still retains its charm. Since independence, improving air and sea transport links with Western Europe and Estonia's accession to the European Union have made Tallinn easily accessible to tourists. SIGHTSEEING The main attractions are in the two old towns, ...
Tartumaa Tartumaa People began to live in Tartumaa about 5000 years ago. At the end of the first millennium in place Toomemäe in Tartu was Estonians castle. From 13 century, Tartu belonged to the Hanseatic League. Tartumaa´s flag. Tartu Tartu is the capital of Tartumaa. At first Tartu is associated with knowledge and studing. There`s about 103,284 peoples live in Tartu. Area of Tartu is about 38.8 km2. Mayor of Tartu is Urmas Kruuse. There`s 80% estonians, 15% russians and 5% other nationals live in Tartu. The city is best known for being home to the University of Tartu. ...
The most important key dates in Estonian history Every country has its history and some moments are more important than the others. Here are some of the most notable dates from Estonian history. 3rd millennium BC the Finno-Ugric tribes arrive in Estonia 1154 First written mention of Tallinn (by al-Idrisi) 13th century German and Danish invade Estonia. Estonians' numerous attempts to restore independence fail 1343 St. George's Night uprising 1558-1583 the Livonian War after which Northern Estonia is occupied by Sweden and Southern Estonia occupied by Poland 1632 Tartu University was founded 1860-1885 the era of national awakening, the foundation for Estonian journalism was laid, collection of folklore 1869 First all-Estonian Song Festival in Tartu 1884 The blue-black-and-white flag of Estonian Students' Society was consecrated ...
Estonia Estonia is a small country in Northern Europe with an area of about 45 000 sq km. As a part of the East-European Plain, the country has a rather flat surface. The highest and most diverse region in Estonia is in the south-eastern part of the country. At 318 metres, Suur Munamägi is not only the highest point in Estonia, but of all the Baltic countries. There are about 1500 islands in Estonia, the biggest of which being Saaremaa and Hiiumaa. Sixty-four species of mammals have been recorded in Estonia, three of them have been introduced: the racoon dog, the American mink and the muskrat. A couple of species have been re-introduced The European beaver, who was hunted to extinction by the end of the 19th century. A vital population of them now exists in Estonia once again. Another re- introduced species is the red deer. An attempt has been made in Estonia in recent years to disperse the p...
Artikkel Artikkel puudub Määrav artikkel Isikunimed: Perekonnanimed mitmuses: Veiko the Tamms Tom Smith the Talvistes Riiginimed, kontinendid: Riigi või piirkonna nimed, mis on mitmuses Estonia või kus on täiendina pärisnimi, kingdom, France state või republic: Asia the United Kingdom = the UK Europe the United States of America = the USA = the US the Republic of Estonia the Estonian Republic the United Arab Emirates ...
Education in Estonia { The beginning The history of formal education dates back to 1314th century crusades The first schools were built near churches The first primer was published in 1575 It was possible to learn reading & writing in various guilds during the 16th century 1617th century Education in the Estonian language started after the reformation by Martin Luther During Swedish era, on Gustav Adolf II's orders, the first school and university were built in 1631 GAG in Tallinn and in 1632 the University of Tartu After The Great Northern War, as Estonia was occupied by Russia, many admiralty schools were built 18th century During the reign of Russian empress Katarina II, many great improvements were made in peasant school system and girls started going to school Estonians were quite highly educated for that time, since at least half of the folk in a parish could read and a third write In 1739, the first bible w...
HISTORY OF ESTONIA Estonians are one of the longest-settled European peoples, whose forebears, known as the "comb pottery" people, lived on the southeastern shores of the Baltic Sea over 5,000 years ago. Like other early agricultural societies, Estonians were organized into economically self-sufficient, male-dominated clans with few differences in wealth or social power. By the early Middle Ages most Estonians were small landholders, with farmsteads primarily organized by village. With the collapse of the Russian empire in World War I, Russia's provisional government granted national autonomy to Estonia. A popularly elected assembly (Maapaev) was formed but was quickly forced underground by opposing extremist political forces. The Committee of Elders of the underground Maapaev announced the Republic of Estonia on February 24, 1918, 1 day before German troops invaded. After the withdrawal of Ger...
Latvia Capital city: Riga Total area: 65 000 km² Population: 2.3 million Language: Latvian Latvia, officially The Republic of Latvia, is a country in the Baltic region of the Nothen Europe. The country has a temperate seasonal climate. Latvia and Estonia share a long common history. As a consequence of the Soviet occupation both countries are home to a large number of ethnic Russians (26.9% in Latvia and 25.5% in Estonia). Latvia was found on 18th November 1918. However, its independence was interrupted at the outset of World War II. In 1940, the country was forcibly incorporated into the Soviet Union, invaded and occupied by Nazi Germany in 1941, and re-occupied by the Soviets in 1944 to form the Latvian for the next fifty years. The peaceful Singing Revolution, started in 1987. Lithuania Capital city: Vilnius Total area: 65 200 km² Population: 3.5 milion Language: Lithuanian Lithuania, officially The Republic of Lithuania, ...
Estonia and what you know about it By Anšiel and Liza National symbols • The flag is blue, black and white horisontal lines, It represents the blue sky, the dirt, purity or snow. • The national bird is a swallow. • The national flower is a cornflower. History • The first settelments in Estonia came by supposedly about 11 000 years ago. • In the past most Estonians worshipped spirits of nature and their beliefs were seen as unholy by christian crusaders. Taara is believed to have been the name of the old Estonian god. • Starting with the Northern Crusades in the Middle Ages, Estonia became a battleground for centuries where many countries fought their wars over controlling the important geographical position of the country as a gateway between East and West, despite this the country has survived. • Estonia first got it’s independence in 1918 wich lasted 22 years. • The first president of Estonia during this period was Kon...
Estonia Topic Tallinn 2007 2 List of Contents page Facts and figures 3 Geography 3 Climate 3 Nature 4 History 5 Economy 6 Culture 6 Biggest towns 7 Language 8 3 Facts and figures The Republic of Estonia is a small country. Covering only 45, 228 sq km it is slightly bigger than Denmark, Belgium or Switzerland. Estonia's population is under 1.4 million. The official language is Estonian but since very many Russians live here Russian is also wide spread. The capital of Estonia is Tallinn. The currency used in Estonia is Eesti kroon. The Estonian national flag is blue-black-white. It was originally the flag of the Estonian Students' Society. The flag was first consecrated in Otepää Church in 1884. For a while, during the Soviet occupation, the flag was banned but it was again seen in p...
Cinema in Estonia The story of moving pictures 1896 First cinema 1906 Estonian's first film-maker Johannes Pääsuke Johannes Pääsuke - Born 30 March 1892 - Estonian photographer and filmmaker - Founded his studio Estonia-Film - 40 films in his career - ,,Karujaht Pärnumaal" (1914) - Died in a train accident in 1918 Estonian films Films which have enjoyed popularity during The post-war period. - ,,Elu tsitadellis" (Life in the Citadel) was released in 1947 - ,,Hullumeelsus" (Lunacy) - ,,Nipernaadi" (Happy-Go-Lucky) by Kaljo Kiisk - ,,Naerata ometi" (Do Smile, Please) by Leida Laius and Arvo Iho Estonian films ,,Viimne reliikvia" (The Last Relic) by Grigori Kromanov - The film was released in 1969. - The best-known Estonian film. - Has screened in over 60 countries. - Sold 45 million tickets (772k) Estonian documentaries Have ...
Mustamäe College Tallinn's Seaplane Harbour Report Anna Elise Rohtmets G2K Tallinn 2010 Table of Contents 1. Introduction.................................................................................................3 2. History.........................................................................................................4 3. Early History...............................................................................................4 4. The Post-War Years....................................................................................5 5. Recent History.................................................
INDREK TARAND Ander Rosin Sandra Anderson Biography ● Born February 3, 1964, Tallinn. ● Estonian politician, reserve officer, civil servant, journalist and historian. ● Tarand has served as an advisor to the Prime Minister of Estonia. Education ● He studied history at the University of Tartu, as well as the University of Bologna, Italy. ● He was a student during the Soviet occupation. ● He finished the university in 1991. Career ● He is also a freelance journalist hosting programmes in radio and television ● He also held the post of the Director of the Estonian War Museum. ● Member of the European Parliament ● Tarand received 25 votes in the Riigikogu against Ilves's 73 Family ● Tarand is the eldest son of Andres Tarand. ● His mother Mari Tarand is a well-known linguist and the elder siste...
Tartu Tartu is the second largest city of Estonia. In contrast to Estonia's political and financial capital Tallinn, Tartu is often considered the intellectual and cultural hub, especially since it is home to Estonia's oldest and most renowned university. Situated 186 km southeast of Tallinn, the city is the centre of southern Estonia. The Emajõgi river, which connects the two largest lakes of Estonia, crosses Tartu. The city is served by Tartu Airport. Tartu is also the seat of the Estonian University of Life Sciences, the Baltic Defence College, Estonian Aviation Academy , and the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research. Other notable institutions include the Supreme Court of Estonia (re-established in Tartu in autumn 1993), the Estonian Historical Archives and Estonian national theatre Vanemuine. Historical names of the town include Tarbatu,an Estonian fortress founded in the 5th century,Yuryev named c. 1030 by Yaroslav I the ...
Marit Moorits 12b Kristjan Raud Kristjan Raud (18651943) belongs to the older generation of Estonian artistic pathfinders. Together with his twin brother Paul Raud and his contemporary artist, Ants Laikmaa, he managed to break through the obstacles set before the Estonians by the prevailing peasant mentality and the extremely classconscious society of the time. Kristjan Raud was one of the first Estonian artists who is brave enough to try and make his career in his homeland, although his talent and connections in the art world, established already during his studies in Germany and St.Petersburg would have enabled him to easily merge in either place. The long years of study in St.Petersburg, Dusseldorf and Munich ended in 1903 when Kristjan Raud settled at home. A great ...
Tallinna Lillekyla Gymnasium Report Tallinn in the 20th century Student: ------------ Supervisor: --------------- Tallinn 2008 Table of Content Table of Content..........................................................................................................................2 Introduction .....................................................................................................................................................3 Beginning of 20th century...........................................................................................................4 Independent Estonia (1918-1940) ...............................................................................................................................................
Mailis Kokla MT-09A Pärnu is a West-Estonian resort with well-established traditions that has held the title of summer capital and heart-warming town for over ten years. Pärnu is also a former Hanseatic town and it host the 30th International Hanseatic Days medieval festival in 2010. During the sunny summer period, the beautiful, sandy beaches invite people to come to Pärnu. Amazing nature, as attractive as the beach, can also be found throughout Pärnu County, which boasts a 242 km coastline. Tallinn Gate The so called Tallinn Gate used to mark the beginning of the postal road from Pärnu to Tallinn and was built during the Swedish period in the 17th century. The medieval fortification system of Pärnu was almost fully destroyed in the preceding Livonian War. Ammende Villa Villa Ammende is one of the best examples of early art nouveau style in Estonia. The grand villa with a large garden ...
Estonian presidents Estonia has only had 4 presidents, since it's been a republic for little time. Konstantin Päts (1874-1956) was the first president of Estonia. His reign as a president started in 1938 and ended in 1940. Päts' political career started early. He served as a municipal advisor in 1904 and had many political positions after that. With his speech during the War of Independence he put a basis to Estonian economy. Päts' position as a president ended when Soviet Union occupied Estonia in 1940. Päts was forced to leave his office and was deported to Leningrad with his family. In 1941, he was arrested. In time he ended up in psychiatric hospital, where he died in 1956. Konstantin Päts giving a speech in 1919. Lennart Meri (1929-2006). His reign as the second president of Estonia started in 1992 and ended in 2001. He started out as a writer and filmmaker. Through his political activeness he got the position of Foreign mi...
Racism Racism is discrimination between different race people. Mostly people are discriminating people who aren't the same skin color as they are, but there are many more discriminations. Racism is belief, that people, who aren't the same skin color, who don't look like you or whose life standards aren't like yours, then you are better and more intelligent than them. White people mostly discriminate black people. They call them dumb and violent. Biggest issue with racism is in USA. Many centuries ago black people were white people's slaves, but when the slavery became unacceptable, white people and black people had to live together in America and have mixed. Nowadays many americans still believe, that black people aren't as intelligent as they are and call them violent and dumb. Some even are, but that doesn't mean that all white people in America are good intelligent. In my opinion white p...
My Town I live in Tallinn. It's the capital and main seaport of Estonia. Tallinn is a very beautiful city that lies on the Baltic Sea. It covers 158 square kilometres. The Mayor of Tallinn is Jüri Ratas. The population of our capital is about 400000 people. About 55% of them are Estonian, 37% Russians and the other 8% are from different nations. The people here are mostly engaged in industry- mainly the food industry (23%), trade (16%) and transport and communication (14%). History. Tallinn has a great history. It was first marked on a map of the world by the Arab geographer al-Idrisi in 1154, its name then being Kolyvan. In the 13 th- century chronicle of Henricus de Lettis the town was called Lyndanise. Then it was called Reval for some time and finally Estonians started to call the town Tallinn from Taanilinn (Danish town) after the Danish conquest in the 13th century. Th...
2 Towns (Upper & Lower Town) Tallinn used to be divided into 2 parts - Upper Town where lived the aristocracy, gentry and the clergy; and Lower Town with traders, craftsmen and merchants. Legend says the Toompea Hill is actually the tumulus mound of the great Kalev. Linda carried rocks to his grave. It is a naturally- formed limestone hill. Lower Town was a merchantile centre, Tallinn also belonged to the Hansaetic League (1285). It is often referred to as the town of citizens. Any grown-up, married and economically independent person, born in a legal marriage between two free people and having lived in the town for at least 3 months, could apply to the Magistracy for citizenship. Serfs could escape from serdom after having successfully hidden in town for a year and a day. Two parts remained separated until the end of the 19th century. Four Names Lyndanise - mentioned by Henricus de Lettis in his Chronicle; derives from the name Lind...
Milestones in Estonian History The Estonians are a Finno-Ugric people who came from the area near the Urals and the Volga and Oka rivers. They migrated westward to the Baltic shores some 5, 000 years ago. In the ninth century A.D. Viking ships invaded Estonia and the country became a vital link in the sea-trade between East and West. By the 12th century, the Arabian geographer al-Idrisi had placed the city on his maps. In the 13th century, Tallinn joined the Hanseatic League, the union of European commercial towns that stretched from London to Novgorod. Pärnu, Viljandi and Tartu were also members. Estonia became a vital link in the sea-trade between East and West. The oldest preserved book written in Estonian, a catechism, dates from 1535. Tartu University was established in 1632, on orders from Sweden's King Gustav II Adolf. Literacy spread. The Bible was translated into Estonian in 1739(pole vaja teada). A period of wars began in...
The Republic of Estonia is a country in Northern Europe. The territory of Estonia covers 45,227 km2 . Tallinn is the capital and largest city of Estonia.The city is an important industrial, political and cultural center, and seaport Estonia is a democratic parliamentary republic and is divided into fifteen counties. Estonia is one of the least-populous members of the European Union. Estonia lies in the northern part of the temperate climate zone Estonia has four seasons of near-equal length. The official language is Estonian.Võro and Seto in southern counties are spoken along with Estonian. The Estonian national flag is a tri-color- blue, black and white. The national currency is the Eestonian kroon. Estonia has over 1,400 lakes. Most are very small, with the largest, Lake Peipsi being 3,555 km² .There are many rivers in the country. The longest of them are Võhandu (162 km), Pärnu (144 km), and Põltsamaa (135 km).Estonia has numerous f...
Independence day of Estonia Independence Day, officially known as Eesti Vabariigi aastapäev is a federal holiday in Estonia when it declared independence in 1918 February 24: Independence Day The Republic of Estonia was founded on 24 February 1918, when the Salvation Committee (Päästekomitee) declared the independence of the Republic of Estonia. A Quest for Independence The 1917 revolution and the generally unstable situation in Russia created the opportunity for Estonia to gain its independence. Celebration of the 95th Anniversary of the Proclamation of the State Independence of the Republic of Estonia Saturday, 23 February 11.00 Placing of wreaths on the graves of Estonian state figures 13.00 Handing out of state decorations by President of the Republic Toomas Hendrik Ilves Sunday, 24 February 07.33 Formal flag-raising ceremony on Pikk Hermann tower in Tallinn ...
History of Estonia Elina, Rasmus, Joosep Pre-history The Mesolithic Period The Neolithic Period The Bronze Age The Iron Age Early Middle Ages Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level Counties of Ancient Estonia The Middle Ages Danish Estonia Swedish Coastal Settlements Terra Mariana The Reformation Period Division of Estonia in the Livonian War PolishLithuanian Commonwealth Estonia in the Swedish Empire Estonia in the Russian Empire Age of Enlightenment National Awakening Road to Republic Occupation of Estonia by German Empire. United Baltic Duchy Declaration of Independance As a result of the availability of education Age of awakening Red Army's retreat and arrival of German troops in Pärnu on 23 February in Tallinn on 24 February 1918 Independence (1918-1939) Tartu peace treaty in 1920 First recognized by Finl...
Estonian holidays Robert Rootsi Allan Marran LE10 Christmas Christmas , also referred to as Christmas Day, is an annual holiday celebrated on December 25 or January 7 that commemorates the birth of Jesus of Nazareth. Modern customs of the holiday include gift-giving, Church celebrations, and the display of various. Estonian people bring Christmas tree indoors and decorate it with straw ,glass balls and candles. On the 24th December people leave work early, families gather, Santa Clouse comes , everybody gives gifts. People are very calm at Christmas time and they support each other. New Year's Eve New Year's Eve is on December 31, the final day of the Gregorian year, and the day before New Year's Day. New Year' s Eve is celebrated all around world because it's final day of the Gregorian year. New Year's Eve is usually celebrated with families or with...
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