tabelit. Sisukord Tallinn 2017 Sissejuhatus................................................................................................................. 3 Lähteülesanne.............................................................................................................. 5 Põhjendatud väljundfunktsioonid................................................................................. 5 Minimaalne espresso tulemus...................................................................................... 7 VHDL-i olulised kommenteeritud lõigud.......................................................................9 Testbench..................................................................................................................... 9 Tõeväärtustabel.......................................................................................................... 10 Käitumuslik esitus.................
MDNK ja DNK ei ole võrdsed. MDNK on lihtsam, kuna DNK leidmisel ei arvestatud määramatuspiirkonnaga. 6. Leida ja näidata, milleks (0 või 1) väärtustuvad (punktis 3) leitud MDNK ja MKNK määramatuspiirkonna kõikide argumentvektorite korral. Otsustada (hinnata), kas leitud MDNK ja MKNK on teineteisega võrdsed või mitte. X1 X2 X3 X4 fD fK 1 0001 0 0 5 0101 0 1 6 0110 1 0 9 1001 0 0 12 1100 1 1 14 1110 1 0 15 1111 0 0 Antud tabelist selgub, et leitud MDNK ja MKNK ei ole teineteisega võrdsed. 7. Realiseerida (punktis 3) MDNK-na saadud loogikafunktsioon minimaalseima keerukusega loogikaskeemina, kasutades vabaltvalitud loogikaelemente AND OR ja NOT. Esmalt lihtsustan veidi loogikafunktsiooni tuues 4 sulgude ette: fD = (x2 4) v ( 1 2x3) v (x3 4) 4(x2 v x3) v ( 1 2x3).
süs Digitaaltehnika konspekt 4 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 süs Näide: A7F,B6E16=15 g160+7 g161+10 g162+11 g16-1+6 g16-2+14 g16-3=2687,714 1.5. Kahendkodeeritud kümnendsüsteem 8421 BCD Binary Code Kahendkodeeritud kümnendsüsteemis saadakse number 8421 spikri abil. Kui meil on tarvis saada number üheksa selles süsteemis siis: 8421 9 1001 Võtame need numbrid mis on vajalikud 9 saamiseks liidame, antud juhul 8 ja 1, nende numbrite alla kirjutame ühed. Nende numbrite alla mida me ei liida nende alla kirjutame nullid. Seega saame, et number üheksale vastab kahendkodeeritud kümnendsüsteemis 1001. Mitme kohale arv kodeeritakse kümnend koodis kuid iga selle number esitatakse kahend koodis. Näide: 925,86710=100100100101.1000011001118421 1.6. Kahendkodeeritud kümnendsüsteemid 2421 ja liiaga 3
süs Digitaaltehnika konspekt 4 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 süs Näide: A7F,B6E16=15 g160+7 g161+10 g162+11 g16-1+6 g16-2+14 g16-3=2687,714 1.5. Kahendkodeeritud kümnendsüsteem 8421 BCD Binary Code Kahendkodeeritud kümnendsüsteemis saadakse number 8421 spikri abil. Kui meil on tarvis saada number üheksa selles süsteemis siis: 8421 9 1001 Võtame need numbrid mis on vajalikud 9 saamiseks liidame, antud juhul 8 ja 1, nende numbrite alla kirjutame ühed. Nende numbrite alla mida me ei liida nende alla kirjutame nullid. Seega saame, et number üheksale vastab kahendkodeeritud kümnendsüsteemis 1001. Mitme kohale arv kodeeritakse kümnend koodis kuid iga selle number esitatakse kahend koodis. Näide: 925,86710=100100100101.1000011001118421 1.6. Kahendkodeeritud kümnendsüsteemid 2421 ja liiaga 3
1 x 128 = 128 205 Joonis 1.2. Kahendarvu väärtuse leidmine Joonis 1.3. Kuueteistkümnendarvu väärtuse leidmine Kuueteistkümnendarvu esitamiseks kasutatakse kümnendarvu sümboleid 0...9 ning ladina kirja suurtähti A = 10, B = 11, C = 12, D = 13, E = 14, F = 15, mida antud juhul tõlgendatakse kui numbreid (joonis 1.3). Kui võrrelda kahendarvu 1100 1101 vastava kuueteistkümnendarvuga CD, siis on näha, et üks kuueteistkümnendarvu koht vastab neljakohalisele kahendarvule. See tähendab, et neljakohalise kahendarvu saab esitada vaid ühe kuueteistkümnendarvu sümboliga 0...F ehk 0...15. Kuueteistkümnendarvude väärtus leitakse samuti kui kümnend- ja kahendarvude puhul kohaväärtuste liitmisega. Levinumatest arvkoodidest ja arvusüsteemidest annab ülevaate tabel 1.1. Tehnikas
Kümnendkood, kui Kümnendkood, kui H Binaarkood binaararv on H Binaarkood binaararv on otsekoodis täiendkoodis otsekoodis täiendkoodis F 1111 15 -1 7 0111 7 +7 E 1110 14 -2 6 0110 6 +6 D 1101 13 -3 5 0101 5 +5 C 1100 12 -4 4 0100 4 +4 B 1011 11 -5 3 0011 3 +3 A 1010 10 -6 2 0010 2 +2 9 1001 9 -7 1 0001 1 +1
! Caution Failure to abide by the following precautions could lead to faulty operation of the PC or the system, or could damage the PC or PC Units. Always heed these pre- cautions. • Fail-safe measures must be taken by the customer to ensure safety in the event of incorrect, missing, or abnormal signals caused by broken signal lines, momentary power interruptions, or other causes. • Construct a control circuit so that power supply for the I/O circuits does not come ON before power supply for the Unit. If power supply for the I/O circuits comes ON before power supply for the Unit, normal operation may be tempo- rarily interrupted.
http://cs.ttu.ee/kursused/itv0010/elcomphist/index.htm microprotsessorite ajalugu 47-99 Tutvu tehnika laborite ja nende ajalooga: http://www.sri.com/ http://www.bell-labs.com/ http://www.research.ibm.com/about/history.shtml 4 Tee läbi laboritest paar ülesannet: http://math.hws.edu/TMCM/java/labs/xLogicCircuitsLab1.html mingi masin http://math.hws.edu/TMCM/java/labs/xLogicCircuitsLab2.html sama peaaegu Loe riistvarast: http://www.karbosguide.com/books/pcarchitecture/start.htm PC Architecture http://computer.howstuffworks.com/ riistvara, kaabel jms http://www.intel.com http://www.amd.com 5 Loe läbi allolevates laborites kõik Ecki näited ja proovi mõlemas laboris teha ka vähemalt kaks harjutust omal valikul: - http://math.hws.edu/TMCM/java/labs/xComputerLab1.html - http://math.hws.edu/TMCM/java/labs/xComputerLab2.html 6 Tutvu veebidega: http://www.w3schools.com/ http://www.w3c.org/ http://www.papermountain.org/demos/live/# http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/
” I felt that adding this material to that book would cause the book to lose focus. However, the more I thought about it, the more I thought that a book aimed at interfacing the real world to micro- processors could prove valuable. This book is the result. I hope it proves useful. ix Introduction Modern electronic systems are increasingly digital: digital microprocessors, digital logic, digital interfaces. Digital logic is easier to design and understand, and it is much more flexible than the equivalent analog circuitry would be. As an example, imagine trying to implement any kind of sophisticated micro- processor with analog parts. Digital electronics lets the PC on your desk execute different programs at different times, perform complex calculations, and communicate via the World Wide Web. While the electronic world is nearly all digital, the real world is not. The
I. Toldrá, Fidel. TS1960.H36 2010 664′.9—dc22 2009037503 A catalog record for this book is available from the U.S. Library of Congress. Set in 10 on 12 pt Times by Toppan Best-set Premedia Limited Printed in Singapore Disclaimer The publisher and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation warranties of fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales or promotional materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for every situ- ation. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional services. If professional assistance is required, the services of a com-
and Tim Ferriss is the ideal ambassador. This will be huge." --Jack Can eld, cocreator of Chicken Soup for the Soul®, 100+ million copies sold "Stunning and amazing. From mini-retirements to outsourcing your life, it's all here. Whether you're a wage slave or a Fortune 500 CEO, this book will change your life!" --Phil Town, New York Times bestselling author of Rule #1 "The 4-Hour Workweek is a new way of solving a very old problem: just how can we work to live and prevent our lives from being all about work? A world of in nite options awaits those who would read this book and be inspired by it!" --Michael E. Gerber, founder and chairman of E-Myth Worldwide and the world's #1 small business guru "Timothy has packed more lives into his 29 years than Steve Jobs has in his 51." --Tom Foremski, journalist and publisher of SiliconValleyWatcher.com "If you want to live life on your own terms, this is your blueprint." --Mike Maples, cofounder
the featuresof a traditionalcastle,includinga keep. a moat and a drawbridge."My choiceof houseis frve-storey building England Suffolk, somewhateccentricand building it was very hard Zimbabwe work, but we've got the perfectplaceto live," Mew Portugal says.Although somewould say that the building is England Headington, impracticaland maybe cold in harshBritishwinters. he certainlyhasgot a uniqueand spacioushome. d. Describe the houses
the featuresof a traditionalcastle,includinga keep. a moat and a drawbridge."My choiceof houseis frve-storey building England Suffolk, somewhateccentricand building it was very hard Zimbabwe work, but we've got the perfectplaceto live," Mew Portugal says.Although somewould say that the building is England Headington, impracticaland maybe cold in harshBritishwinters. he certainlyhasgot a uniqueand spacioushome. d. Describe the houses
the featuresof a traditionalcastle,includinga keep. a moat and a drawbridge."My choiceof houseis frve-storey building England Suffolk, somewhateccentricand building it was very hard Zimbabwe work, but we've got the perfectplaceto live," Mew Portugal says.Although somewould say that the building is England Headington, impracticaland maybe cold in harshBritishwinters. he certainlyhasgot a uniqueand spacioushome. d. Describe the houses
the featuresof a traditionalcastle,includinga keep. a moat and a drawbridge."My choiceof houseis frve-storey building England Suffolk, somewhateccentricand building it was very hard Zimbabwe work, but we've got the perfectplaceto live," Mew Portugal says.Although somewould say that the building is England Headington, impracticaland maybe cold in harshBritishwinters. he certainlyhasgot a uniqueand spacioushome. d. Describe the houses
3 ELEKTRIAJAMITE ELEKTROONSED SÜSTEEMID 4 Valery Vodovozov, Dmitri Vinnikov, Raik Jansikene Toimetanud Evi-Õie Pless Kaane kujundanud Ann Gornischeff Käesoleva raamatu koostamist ja kirjastamist on toetanud SA Innove Tallinna Tehnikaülikool Elektriajamite ja jõuelektroonika instituut Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn 19086 Telefon 620 3700 Faks 620 3701 http://www.ene.ttu.ee/elektriajamid/ Autoriõigus: Valery Vodovozov, Dmitri Vinnikov, Raik Jansikene TTÜ elektriajamite ja jõuelektroonika instituut, 2008 ISBN ............................ Kirjastaja: TTÜ elektriajamite ja jõuelektroonika instituut 3 Sisukord Tähised............................................................................................................................5 Sümbolid .....................
W. Lambert Gardiner has been leading his life in neat, The Psychology of Communications multiple-of-five-year installments for the convenience of biographers. VOLUME 1 1935-1955 GROWING IN SCOTLAND Flunked out of elementary school, High School, and Glasgow University. The Psychology of VOLUME 2 1955-1960 STUDYING IN CANADA Communication Work by day and study by night. B. A. Sir George Williams University. High School Teaching Diploma McGill University. VOLUME 3 1960-1965 STUDYING IN USA Ph. D. Cornell University. Nothing else happened. VOLUME 6 1980-1985 VOLUME 4 1965-1970
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