then being Kolyvan (probably derived from the name Kalev). In the 13th-century Chronicle of Henricus de Lettis the town was called Lyndanise. Later came Reval (presumably after the old county of Rävala), the name used by the Germans who ruled the country for seven centuries. Russians then modified Reval to Revel. For Estonians, the town came to be called Tallinn from Taanilinn (Danish town) after Danish conquest in the 13th century. Over the course of time, Taanilinn was shortened to Tallinn The place is believed to have been settled by Finno-Ugric peoples about 2500 BC. The Danes, led by King Valdemar II, conquered northern Estonia in 1219. Legend has it that one day, when the Danes were about to lose a bloody battle, the sky suddenly opened and a red flag with a white cross on it dropped down upon them from the heavens. This is allegedly how the Danes obtained
restaurants, sport and cultural centres. Every five years national song and folk dance festivals take place in Tallinn. The yachting regatta of the 1980 Moscow Olympic Games was held at Pirita. History Tallinn means in English "Danish town". The place is believed to have been settled by Finno-Ugric people about 2500 BC. It was first marked on a map of the world by the Arab geographer al-Idrisi in 1154. The Estonians were the first to build a stronghold on the spot of the Toompea Hill, but the real Tallinn was built by the Danes who conquered the north of Estonia in 1219. Legend has it that one day, when the Danes were about to lose a bloody battle, the sky suddenly opened and a red flag with a white cross on it dropped down upon them from the heaven. This is how the Danes obtained their national flag. In 1346 the Danish king sold his Estonian lands to the Teutonic Order, who a year later resold them to the Livonian Order. The Germans renamed Tallinn and called it Reval
Names of town ● Lindanise - it was first used in 1219, derived from mythical Linda, the wife of Kalev and the mother of Kalevipoeg, national hero. ● Koluvan - found in old Russian chronicles, the name possibly deriving from the Estonian mythical hero Kalev ● Reval - used after 1219; comes from two german words ‘reh’ and ‘fall’, meaning the falling of the deer - as they fall down the Toompea hill, probably when escaping from the Danish occupation or just the hunters. ● Tallinn - used after Estonia gained its independence in 1918, origin is definitely estonian; meaning Taani-linn, tali- linn. Liberty Square ● The central square of Tallinn, it was renovated in 2008. There used to be Harju gate, which can now be seen through glass. ● The statue of Liberty, 2009; represents freedom, Estonia has been under many foreign powers, starting with Danes,
Kunda Ühisgümnaasium Tallin Old Town Report Student: Kristin Karu Teacher: Kristi Aron Kunda 2012 The Alexander Nevsky Cathedral The Alexander Nevsky Cathedral is an orthodox cathedral in the Tallinn Old Town,Estonia. It was built to a design by Mikhail Preobrazhensky in a typical Russian Revivalstyle between 1894 and 1900, during the period when the country was part of theRussian Empire. The Alexander Nevsky Cathedral is Tallinn's largest and grandest orthodox cupola cathedral. It is dedicated to Saint Alexander Nevsky who in 1242 won the Battle of the Ice on Lake Peipus, in the territorial waters of present-day Estonia. The late Russian patriarch, Alexis II, started his priestly ministry in the church.
Art Museum of Estonia Art Museum of Estonia was founded on November 17th, 1919, but it was not until 1921 that it got its first permanent building the Kadriorg Palace, built in the 18th century. In 1929 the palace was expropriated from the Art Museum in order to rebuild it as the residence of the President of Estonia. The Art Museum of Estonia was housed in several different temporary spaces, until it moved back to the palace in 1946. In September, 1991 the Kadriorg Palace was closed, because it had totally deteriorated by then. At the end of the year the Supreme Council of the Republic of Estonia decided to guarantee the construction of a new building for the Art Museum of Estonia in Kadriorg. Untill then the Knighthood House at Toompea Hill served as the temporary main building of the Art Museum of Estonia. The exhibition there was opened on April 1, 1993. Art Museum of Estonia premanently closed down the exhibitions in that building in October 2005.
It is situated on the northern coast of the country, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, 80 km south of Helsinki, east of Stockholm and west of Saint Petersburg. Tallinn's Old Town is in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. It is ranked as a global city and has been listed among the top 10 digital cities in the world.The city was a European Capital of Culture for 2011, along with urku, Finland.Tallinn is the oldest capital inNorthern Europe. The city was known as Reval from the 13th century until the 1920s. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tallinn Old Tallinn The Old Town can historically be divided into two distinct areas: Toompea Hill and the Lower Old Town, which were separated by a dividing wall since medieval times. The elevated area of Toompea Hill with its castle was occupied by the residences of Tallinn's rulers and gentry. The Lower Old Town meanwhile developed as an autonomous merchantile centre, flourishing during the 13th-16th
My Town I live in Tallinn. It's the capital and main seaport of Estonia. Tallinn is a very beautiful city that lies on the Baltic Sea. It covers 158 square kilometres. The Mayor of Tallinn is Jüri Ratas. The population of our capital is about 400000 people. About 55% of them are Estonian, 37% Russians and the other 8% are from different nations. The people here are mostly engaged in industry- mainly the food industry (23%), trade (16%) and transport and communication (14%). History. Tallinn has a great history. It was first marked on a map of the world by the Arab geographer al-Idrisi in 1154, its name then being Kolyvan. In the 13 th- century chronicle of Henricus de Lettis the town was called Lyndanise. Then it was called Reval for some time and finally Estonians started to call the town Tallinn from
Tallinn was granted the Lübeck law in 1248 and became the member of the Hanseatic League in 1285. General Data l Country - Estonia l County - Harju County l First appeared on map - 1154 l Town rights - 1248 l Mayor - Edgar Savisaar l Aera - Total 159.2 km2 (61.5 sq mi) l Population - (1 Mar 2012) Total - 416,470 Denisty - 2,614.0/km2(6,766.6/sq mi) Tallinn Coat of arms Flag Top 5 Attractions 1. Kiek in de Kök Visitors to the museum will see examples of Medieval firepower, displays detailing how the city's system of walls and towers developed through the centuries and an exhibit on crime and punishment in Old Tallinn. 2. Kadriorg Palace - Kadriorg Art Museum A trip to Tallinn isn't a trip to Tallinn without a visit to this magnificent northern baroque palace, built by Peter the Great for his wife, Catherine I, in 1718. The grandiose palace with its surrounding manicured gardens is
Old Market square (Vanaturg) is the former market square in Tallinn old town. Five streets meet here: Vene, Viru, Suur Karja and Kuninga streets, and Vana Turu Kael sidestreet. The market location perfectly suited for trade: five trade routes started there. The square is connected to Town Hall Square by a short sidestreet. Town Hall Square Was used as marketing place, for festivities as well as for executions. In summer it is filled with outdoors cafes In winter it becames a magical christmas market The L-shaped sigh
Tallinn Tallinn is situated on the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland, in north-western Estonia. A limestone cliff runs through the city. It is exposed, for instance, at Toompea and Lasnamäe. However, Toompea is not a part of the cliff, but a separate hill. Coastline is 46 kilometres long.The highest point of Tallinn, at 64 meters above the sea level, is situated in the district of Nõmme, in the south-west of the city. The first human steps, that archeologists found, are about 5000 years old. Tallinn`s first fortress was built in Toompea, in 1050. As an important port for trade between Russia and Scandinavia, it became a target for the expansion of the Teutonic Knights and the Kingdom of Denmark
information about Lai Street, as they need to pass the guide practice exam in form eleven. The report is divided into chapters so that each chapter deals with one of the important houses in Lai Street. In the beginning there are also two introductory chapters about Lai Street in general and the origin of the name "Lai". 3 Lai Street in general Lai Street is 520 m long and begins at a small green patch below the Toompea slope, where a graceful bronze statue of a Roe Deer by Jaan Koort (1883-1935), one of the best-known Estonian sculptors, has been standing for several decades. Lai Street stretches from Nunne Street to Pikk Street. Parallel with Pikk Street, Lai Street, too, ends at the Great Coast Gate (first mentioned 1359). Lai Street is very wide considering that it was laid out in the Middle Ages. This is because it sprang up on both sides of former city wall. Lai is quite a peaceful street with few shops
Old Tallinn Old Town, a medieval walled city filled with old buildings and fortifications. The sheltered bay and the easily defended Toompea Hill made it a natural place to settle. Sometime about 1050 A.D. a fortress was built atop the hill, the first of many. In 1219 the Danes showed up as part of the Northern Crusade to subjugate the Baltics and convert the local pagans to Christianity whether they wanted to or not. The Danes improved the fortifications and expanded the town, which became part of the Hanseatic League, a trading organization of a hundred northern cities. The Danes sold Tallinn to the Livonan Order, a branch of the Teutonic Knights, in 1346. The Swedes came next in 1561
Tallinn Mustamäe College G2K Jaana-Kristiina Jõgevest The Four oldest churches of Tallinn Report Supervisor: Ingrid Teigar Tallinn 2009 The Dome Church The Danes began fortification of Toompea after the conquest of Tallinn in 1219 and probably also built the first church there. It was presumably a wooden building located at the site of the present cathedral. However, a serious conflict with the Order of the Brothers of the Sword broke out soon as the latter wanted to gain control of the entire Estonia. The order succeeded in subordinating Tallinn and the whole of North Estonia to its rule in 1227. The monks of the Dominican Order began the construction of a stone church in Toompea in 1229
TOOMPEA Toompea (from German Domberg – Cathedral Hill ) is a limestone hill with an area of about 7 hectares in the central part of Tallinn. It towers about 30-40 m above the surrounding areas. According to the legend it´s the tumulus mound over the grave of the national hero Kalev, erected stone by stone in his memory by his grieving wife Linda. It is the birthplace of Tallinn - a place where in 1229 the Knights of the Sword built a fortress instead of the wooden Estonian stronghold. Toompea Castle is also one of the most potent symbols of the reigning power. Today Toompea is the seat of the Government of Estonia as well as the Riigikogu, both of which are often simply colloquially referred to as Toompea. For centuries there was only one access to Toompea - Pikk Jalg - but there is also another way leading up to Toompea - Lühike Jalg, which was made in the 14th century. At present Pikk Jalg and Lühike Jalg are used only by pedestrians. Until
Katariina Passage Katariina Passage connects Vene and Müürivahe street. On the northern portion of the passage you can find what's left of St. Catherine's Church (hence the passage name) and various large, ancient tombstones that used to line the inside of the sanctuary. On the southern portion of the passage, you'll find numerous artisan workshops, where you'll even get see them hard at work creating new items. City wall Tallinn's medieval city wall is a sub-facility that was built to protect the lower Tallinn and upper Tallinn (Toompea). The building of the city wall began in 1310th years, and
... Gümnaasium English Project Sights of Estonia Student: .............................. Class: 6 ... Teacher: ............... Harjumaa 2011 1 1. Steamer-icebreaker Suur Tõll The ship was built in 1914 in Stettin (Szczecin) by Vulkan-Werke A. G. Suur Tll is the only pre-war steam ship of the Republic of Estonia remained up to now and, at the same time, the biggest icebreaker in the world preserved through two world wars. All the 3 original steam engines as well as most of the original arrangement of space and late Jugendstil interior of the officers' rooms are preserved. In 1914 the first home port of the ship was Tallinn
1. Fat Margareta - 16. Cent. Tallinn's most impressive defensive structures, the Great Coastal Gate (Suur Rannavärav) and Fat Margaret's Tower. They were built not only to defend the city from the seaward side of town, but also to impress any visitors arriving via the harbour. Fat Margareta used to be a prison. It is a town wall's building. Now it's home to the Estonian Maritime Museum, which provides a detailed look at the nation's seafaring past. 2. The Great Coastal Gate - with the Viru Gates, are the last of six gates that controlled access to the town in Medieval times. 3. Kolm Õde - a hotel. In 2003, three of Tallinn's splendid merchant houses, built in 1362, were renovated and united to create The Three Sisters, which now offers modern amenities with great design and a backdrop of medieval history. 4. Oleviste church baptism
The Great Guild Liisbeth Kallakmaa The Great Guild Medieval Tallinn's social institutions were guilds and brotherhoods, whose main function was to provide members with social interactions and ensure their rights, but also played an important political and economic role. Tallinn had three important guilds - The Great Guild, St. Canute's Guild and St. Olaf's guild. The Great Guild was the youngest among them, founded in the 14th century, but soon became the biggest and most important. It was founded as an organization of the wealthiest merchants and shipowners. The name of the Great Guild was introduced in the late 15th century. There were close ties between the guild and the town rules: only members of the Great Guild had the right to belong to the town council and could be elected for mayor. Tallinn's small coat of arms is also the Great Guild's coat of arms. Guild was led by
Sculptures and monuments St. John's Lutheran Church St John's Church was probably built in the first third of the 14th century. There is no other brick church decorated with so much terracotta plastic in Europe Eduard Tubin Monument The Eduard Tubin monument, marking the 100th birthday of the composer, was dedicated in 2005. The authors of the statue are sculptor Aili Vahtrapuu, architect Veronika Valk, with sound installations by Louis Dandrel.Eduard Tubin (1905-1982) was a versatile composer and conductor, one of the most recognized symphonists throughout history. He served as concert master and conductor at the Vanemuise Theatre
Kildu Basic School Viljandi by Eisi Kõiv Supervisor: Margit Kirss Kildu 2008 Our 700 years old Viljandi Viljandi is a town (24,000 inhabitants) in Estonia, 160 km south of the capital Tallinn. The town is the administrative capital of the county with the same name as the town. In Viljandi there is theater Ugala, cinema Rubiin, museum, art gallery. Give a concert in Culture centre, Jaani- and Pauluse church, but in Cultureacatemy, too. Folk Summer in Viljandi culminates with the annual folk music festival. The Viljandi Folk Music Festival is a music festival in Estonia with a central focus on European folk music.In the year 2006, over 24,000 people attended the concerts, but many more just came to take part in the festivities. As such, it is the largest annual music festival in Estonia, and one of the largest folk music festivals in Europe. Lake Viljandi
THE CITY OF LONDON History The City of London occupies one square mile in the middle of the capital. It once made up entire town of London, surrounded by the wall first built by Romans. The Romans also built a bridge over the Thames and there has been one in the same area ever since. The Roman Londinium grew up on the northern side of the bridge. In AD 61 the native Celtic tribe, led by Queen Boudicca, rose up against the Romans. They burnt down Londinium to the ground and killed most of its inhabitants. Roman armies eventually defeated Boudicca and Londinium was rebuilt. At the end of the fourth century AD the Roman Empire began to crumble and the Roman armies
London History The Romans AD 43- AD 410 The Romans finally invaded Britain in AD 43 from Kent. The Romans lead by Julius Caesar attempted to invade Britain twice before that in 55 and 54 BC but the invasions were unsuccessful. They made their way to the river Thames and sailed up it. The Romans knew it was important to control a crossing point at the river Thames, so they decided to build a settlement on the north bank. Although small settlements had been built on the banks of the Thames, the Romans were the ones who built the first city. They called their city Londinium. The Roman engineers noticed that the point where the swampy river narrowed would make an ideal crossing point, they built London Bridge. Less than 20 years later the native Iceni tribe, led by Queen Boudicca, rose up against the Romans in revenge for mistreatment and burnt Londinium to the ground. The well disciplined Roman army defeated her forces and Londinium was rebuilt
forest. Estonia is also rich in lakes and rivers The largest lake is Peipsi and the second-largest lake is Võrtsjärv. The largest river is Võhandu whinch is 162 meters long. Estonia has many national parks. A national park is a protected area. They are good to protect animals, birds, insects and other natural resources. The most famous national parks are: Lahemaa, Karula, Soomaa, Vilsandi, Matsalu. On the 8th millenium BC first people began to settle here in Estonia. On the 13th century Germans and Danish tried to conquer our country. On the 16th century the first book in Estonian language was publicated. Then the Livonian War began. Northern part of Estonia was occupied by Sweden and the southern part of Estonia was occupied by Poland. On the 17th century Estonia was under Sweden occupation. In 1632 Tartu University was founded. On the 18th century there was a Norhern War and Estonia was occupied by Russia. On the 19th century poeple started to collect Estonian folklore
Tallinn is a small port town in which the population is 371 000 people, and the area is only 159,2 km².( square kilometers). Tallinn, the capital of Estonia, is named after taani linnus, which means Danish castle. The Castle in question was built by King Waldemar of Denmark in the 13th century. The settlement quickly developed itself into a busy port. -The Old Town In medieval age Tallinn was called Reval and it was as big as the Tallinns Old Town is now. Uniqueness of Tallinn is that it is one of very few European cities, where the historical lay-out is kept in it's original form , and has a lot of monuments of that time. Thanks to that in 1997 Old Tallinn has been included in the list of a world heritage of UNESCO. -The Raekoja Square
After a brief walk in the Toome Park you see the Ruins of Toome Cathedral. Is it possible to visit the ruins of the Cathedral? Now, go straight ahead until you reach the Lossi street, turn right. Soon you will see The Devils Bridge. From what stone do you think it is made of? To go to the next object, you need to turn around and walk back along the Lossi street. Then you should see the famous Angels Bridge. What is written on the bridge? When do you think it was built? After that, go along the Lossi street, until you reach Jaani street. Then turn left on Jaani street, walk approximately 100 meters along the Jaani street. On your left you should see the Main Building of Tartu University. How many pillars has The University Building? What has been written on the under them? Whose statue is behind this building? If you are done with the tasks, walk again approximately 100 meters forwards along the Jaani street. You
The square in front of Tallinn's Town Hall functioned as a marketplace for centuries, dating back to times even before the Town Hall itself was built. Through the years this served as a place of celebrations as well as executions. Today the square remains a cultural focal point for the city. In summer, it's filled with outdoor cafés and is home to countless openair concerts, handicraft fairs and medieval markets. In winter, an annual Christmas Market enchants the crowds on the square, as does the town's Christmas tree (a tradition whose roots stretch back to 1441), which stays up for a month or more.
Anniversary of the republic is celebrated on February 20. The national flower is cornflower, national bird is barn swallow and national stone is limestone. It is a land of great natural beauty with a long and varied history and rich culture. It has served as a junction of international trade routes for centuries. History. The oldest marks of habitation on the territory of Estonia date from the 8th millennium BC. Fortified settlements were established in the 1 st century BC. The ancestors of Estonians formed several independent states headed by elected elders. Until the beginning of the 13th century Estonia was politically independent. Then began a long chain of occupation and control by foreign powers. In the 1200s the German crusaders converted Estonia into a Christianity by force and took control over South Estonia. In 1219 Denmark conquered Northern Estonia. About a century later, in 1346 Denmark sold its territory to Germany
River. Tacitius, the Roman historian, was the first one to mention it (AESTI), while the Arab scholar alIdrisi was the first one to mark it on a map (as ASTLANDA). To the ancient Scandinavians the land was known as EISTLAND; to modern Scandinavians it is known as ESTLAND. Most contemporary languages use the Latin name ESTONIA. FLAG The Estonian blueblackandwhite national flag was originally the flag of the Estonian Student's Society, consecrated in Otepää Church in 1884. today there is a memorial plaque on the church wall commemorating the event. The Flag Museum attracts tourists who take an interest in the history of the flag. After about half a century, during which it was prohibited by the Soviet authorities, the flag was sen again in public for the first time in Tartu. Many elderly people were carrying the flags they had kept in secret hiding places durin the Soviet years; tears were rolling down their cheeks. On 24 February
entertainment. The White Lady Days is a summer celebration filled with amusement for all the family. Held in and around the remains of the Teutonic-knights-era castles, the fair combines enchanting medieval legends with modern countryside charm to create a comprehensive experience of Estonia beyond the big cities. But the legend of the White Lady of Haapsalu, which is at the heart of the festival, is perhaps the most famous tall tale of the many that are so abundant in Estonia's folklore. It is the story of a poor girl who falls in love with the son of the village elder, and disguises herself as a choirboy in order to sneak into the castle. But, alas, the lord of the manor's son discovers the deception. He is overcome by jealous rage and orders his men to seal the girl inside the thick stone walls while still alive. Turned into an incarnation
Tallinn English College Topic Estonia Tallinn 2008 1. Introduction Estonia is a small country about the size of Switzerland, or New Hampshire and Massachussetts combined. Estonia is named after the people called "Ests" who lived in the region in the 1 st century AD. The Republic of Estonia is one of the three countries commonly known as the "Baltic States". The other Baltic States are Latvia and Lithuania. 2. Geographical position Estonia is situated in northeastern Europe. Estonia is bounded on the north by the Gulf of Finland, on the east by Russia, on the south by Latvia and on the west by the Baltic Sea. In the north it borders on Finland. The coastline of the Baltic
Tallinn is a beautiful city in NorthEstonia. It is washed and influenced by the Gulf of Finland in the north. Tallinn has a lot on sights and I'm going to introduce some of them. Town Hall Square the square in front of Tallinn's Town Hall functioned as a marketplace for centuries, dating back to times even before the Town Hall itself was built. Through the years this served as a place of celebrations as well as executions. St. Olav's Church was the tallest church in Medieval Europe. The earliest data on St. Olav's Church come from 1267. Little is known about the building of this Gothic style church and its early years. Church of the Holy Ghost is the only sacred building from the 14th century in Tallinn that has preserved its original form. The simple, humble Church of Holy Ghost was completed in the 1360's, but for the exception of the baroque spire, it has retained its original medieval exterior.
The City of London History The City of London occupies one square mile in the middle of the capital. It once made up the entire town of London, surrounded by the wall first built by the Romans. The Roman Londinium grew up on the northern side of the "London Bridge" in the past. Products such as olive oil, wines and fruit were brought by ships from different parts of the Roman Empire and unloaded onto wooden quays along the river. In AD 61 the native Celtic Iceni tribe, led by Queen Boudicca, rose up against The Romans. They burnt Londinium to the ground but Roman armies eventually defeated Boudicca. The city was rebuilt and was gradually surrounded with a wall
London London is the capital of Great Britain. It is situated on the river Thames. The Thames is a river flowing through southern England and connecting London with the sea. The Thames has a length of 346 kilometres (215 miles). The first bridge was the tower bridge, built in the 12th century. The second bridge was built in the year 1750. .The river Thames divides London into the northern and the southern part. The port of London is one of the greatest trade centres in the world. The river Thames is certainly the most famous water body in London. London is also the seat of the government of Great Britain. It is one of the largest cities in the world with its population of about seven million. Before the great fire in 1666 there were many wooden houses and
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