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mutual relations among the items in the field. The semantic value of any such item is determined by its relative position in the field. Mosaic: the conceptual substance of language is divided into a number of adjoining small areas, in the way a mosaic divides twodimensional space. Examples of lexical fields - kinship terms - preparation of food - wine-tasting - madness - colour terms (basic colour terms in English: blue, red, yellow, green, purple, brown, black, white grey, pink) contrast relations of maturity and gender: sheep (ram, ewe, lamb); horse ( stallion, mare, foal), human (man, woman, child) 49. Componential analysis = lexical decomposition. = the analysis of aspects of language into contrastive components or distinctive features. OR the analysis of a set of related linguistic items, especially word meanings, into combinations of features in terms of
Review questions English lexicology 1. Size of English vocabulary – 1) Old English – 50,000 to 60,000 words OE – homogeneous; 1/3 of the vocabulary has survived About 450 Latin loans (Amosova) Viking invasions added 2,000 2) Middle English – 100,000 – 125,000 English becomes heterogeneous (Norman French, English, Latin), hybrid of Germanic and Romance languages Norman French influence – about 10,000 words, 75 % are still in use (Baugh) Latin influence continues 3) Early Modern English – 200,000 – 250,000 English becomes a polycentric language; polyglot, cosmopolitan language 4) Modern English – 500,000 words (OED) At present at least 1 billion lexical units 2. Core and periphery – Minkova & Stockwell,2006 Origin of the 10,000 most frequent words: Old English 31.8 % French 45 % Latin 16.7 % Other Germanic languages 4.2 % Other languages 2.3 % The core vocabulary is predominantly Germanic (
Suppletion Present in languages of different families. Present in Old, Middle and Modern English, though the general tendency is towards more regularity/iconicity so the number of suppletive forms has decreased.In the text: goon to go wenden - to turn Gan was suppletive in Old English, past form: eode.Eode was supplanted by went (past form of wenden) at the end of the Middle English period.To wend has survived in Modern English in phrases such as to wend one's way, we wended homewards (ironic usage). Thus: suppletivity- suppletion different parts of one and the same paradigm come from what were originally different paradigms (different words with close meanings or words in different but close dialects).Suppletion embraces verbs, adjectives, nouns. Be was/were been (Old English beon/wesan) (am, art, is, are); in Old English some suppletive forms were used parallel to one another) Good better best Bad worse worst Much more most Little less least Estonian
#Sissejuhatus Euroopa Parlamendi valimistel moodustab Eesti Vabariik he valimisringkonna. See thendab, et kikides valimisjaoskondades saab valida htesid ja samu kandidaate erinevalt Riigikogu valimistest. Eestist valitakse europarlamenti kuus saadikut, kokku on Euroopa Parlamendis 732 saadikut 25-st Euroopa Liidu riigist. Riigikogus esindatud erakondade esinumbrid europarlamendi valimisnimekirjades on Kristiina Ojuland Reformierakonnast, Edgar Savisaar Keskerakonnast, Tunne Kelam Isamaa ja Res Publica Liidust, Ivari Padar Sotsiaaldemokraatlikust Erakonnast, Marek Strandberg Eestimaa Rohelistest ja Anto Liivat Rahvaliidust. Eesti Reformierakond esitas 12 kandidaati, Eestimaa hendatud Vasakpartei 6, Eesti Keskerakond 12, Erakond Isamaa ja Res Publica Liit 12, Vene Erakond Eestis 6, Erakond Eesti Kristlikud Demokraadid 3, Sotsiaaldemokraatlik Erakond 12, Erakond Eestimaa Rohelised 12, Libertas Eesti Erakond 6, Eestimaa Rahvaliit 12, Pllumeeste Kogu 2 kandidaati. ksikkandidaatidena soovi
1.Lexicology as a science L. studies the voc of lg as a system. Word-learning, lexis-logos. The task of L is to establish the general features of modern Engl voc. Theoretical L. gives a complete picture of voc. Practical value lies in using and appretiating the lg more conciously. There is diachronic (historical) L that studies origin and development; syncronic studies voc at a given historical period. There are general L (studies words disregarding particular features of any particular lg); special L (studies specific features of a separate lg, there is Engl that bases on general L); contrastive (compares vocabularys in different languages). 2. Connection of L with other linguistic disciplines a) the word performes a certain grammatical function (nt, he always misses the class, how many misses are there; the girl powders her nose, soliders face powder)In speech words are combined according to grammatical rules. The plural of nouns may carry a new meaning (nt, arms-weapons, looks-ap
Units 12-18 1. system of pandects pandektiline süsteem 2. general provisions üldosa 3. law of property asjaõigus 4. family law perekonnaõigus 5. law of sucession pärimisõigus 6. law of obligations võlaõigus 7. General Part of the Civil Code Act TsÜS 8. Law of Property Act AÕS 9. Family Law Act perekonnaseadus 10. Law of Succession Act PäRS 11. Law of Obligations Act VÕS 12. persons and transactions isikud ja tehingud 13. natural persons 14. legal persons 15. passive legal capacity õigusvõime 16. active legal capacity (an ability to independently asume civil rights and incur civil obligations) teovõime 17. live birth elussünd 18. bequeath property pärandama 19. mental state vaimne seisund 20. restricted active legal capacity piiratud teovõime 21. mental illness vaimehaigus 22. mental disability nõdrameelsus 23. mental disorder psüühiline häire (sickness of the
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