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Mikk Kull
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Edinburgh Castle is an ancient stronghold which dominates the sky-line of the city of Edinburgh from its position atop Castle Rock. It is Scotland's second most visited tourist attraction. Human habitation of the site is dated back as far as the 9th century BC. As it stands today though, few of the castle's structures pre-date the Lang Siege of the 16th century, with the notable exception of St Margaret's Chapel, the oldest surviving building in Edinburgh, which dates from the early 12th century.As with all castles, Edinburgh's fortress has been a centre of military activity
· Most popular types are the Black Watch tartan and the Royal Stuart Kilts · You can take the Scot out of Scotland but never Scotland out of Scot SCOTTISH FOOD AND DRINK Haggis Scotch whisky CASTLES IN SCOTLAND Scone Palace · Ancient crowning venue of Scottish kings and queens · At Scone, sitting on a stone the king archived a mystical union with the past and with the earth. · All British monarch have been crowned on the Stone of Scone Blair Castle · One of the most visited attraction · The Duke of Atholl has welcomed visitors for over 700 years · 32 fully furnished rooms from 16th c. to the present day · owner of the castle is allowed to have a private army (by Queen Victoria in 1844) Linlithgow Palace · Mary Stuart, who became queen when she was six days old was born there · Palace tells the story of all those James and Stuarts lives Ballindalloch · Magnificent 16th c. castle
She was thoroughly devoted to him, and completely submitted to his will. [5] Victoria did nothing without her husband's approval. His interests in art, science and industry spurred him to organize the Crystal Palace Exhibition in 1851, a highly profitable industrial convention. [6] Her marriage to Prince Albert brought nine children between 1840 and 1857. Most of her children married into other Royal families of Europe. [7] On December 14th 1861 Albert died from typhoid fever at Windsor Castle. Victoria remained in self-imposed seclusion for ten years. This genuine, but obsessive mourning kept her occupied for the rest of her life and played an important role in the evolution of what would become the Victorian mentality. [6] She had lost a devoted husband and her principal trusted adviser in affairs of state. For the rest of her reign she wore black. Widowhood Until the late 1860s she rarely appeared in public; although she never neglected her official
Located next to the Houses of Parliament in the heart of London, Westminster Abbey is a must-see for any London visitor. With its oldest parts dating to the year 1050, the Abbey contains some of the most glorious medieval architecture in London. Because of its royal connections, it was spared King Henry VIII's general assault on monastic buildings during the Reformation. The Tower of London - Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress, more commonly known as the Tower of London, is a historic castle on the north bank of the River Thames in central London, England. It lies within the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, separated from the eastern edge of the City of London by the open space known as Tower Hill. It was founded towards the end of 1066 as part of the Norman Conquest of England. The White Tower, which gives the entire castle its name, was built by William the Conqueror in 1078. The Tower of London has played a prominent role in English history. It was besieged several
· The Thames Barrier - The Thames Barrier is the world's second largest movable flood barrierand is located downstream of central London. Its purpose is to prevent London from being flooded by exceptionally high tides and storm surges moving up from the sea. · The Tower - Tower of London, is a historic castle on the north bank of the River Thames in central London. The castle was used as a prison since at least 1100, although that was not its primary purpose. A grand palace early in its history, it served as a royal residence. The Tower has served variously as an armoury, a treasury, a menagerie, the home of the Royal Mint, a public records office, and the
Report of SCOTLAND Maiki Joakit 10. klass 2008 Etymology Scotland is from the Latin Scoti, the term applied to Gaels. The Late Latin word Scotia (land of the Gaels) was initially used to refer to Ireland. By the 11th century at the latest, Scotia was being used to refer to (Gaelic-speaking) Scotland north of the river Forth, alongside Albania or Albany, both derived from the Gaelic Alba. The use of the words Scots and Scotland to encompass all of what is now Scotland became common in the Late Middle Ages. History Repeated glaciations, which covered the entire land-mass of modern Scotland, have destroyed any traces of human habitation that may have existed before the Mesolithic period. It is believed that the first post-glacial groups of hunter-gatherers arrived in Scotland around 12,800 years ago, as the ice sheet retreated after the last glaciation. Groups of settlers began building the first known permanent houses on Scottish soil around 9,500 years ago,
raised the specter of the eventual abolition of all the monarchies in Europe. The King and his family were finally convinced to abandon all titles held under the German Crown, and to change German titles and house names to anglicized versions. Hence, on 17 July 1917, a Royal Proclamation issued by George V declared The name had a long association with British royalty, through the town of Windsor, Berkshire and Windsor Castle, a link reflected in the Round Tower of Windsor Castle being the basis of the badge of the House of Windsor. At the same time, Prince Louis of Battenberg adopted the surname Mountbatten, a partial translation into English. Prince Louis is the maternal grandfather of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. Only a single person, Alastair Windsor, 2nd Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, who was not a descendant of George V, ever bore the surname Windsor, and he died without issue. So today the only living royal Windsors are the agnatic descendants of George V
second wife, the great-niece of Edward the Confessor. Margaret's impact was dramatic. She favoured the Roman Catholic church to the Celtic Church. To allow her to feel more at home, Malcolm ordered that the language used at court should be Anglo-Saxon rather than Gaelic. As a result Malcolm III was the first to be called "King of Scotland" in his own time. Margaret also had built what is today called St Margaret's Chapel, in the highest part of Edinburgh Castle. He decided to invade England and was killed in battle against the English. His eldest son from his second marriage, Prince Edward of Scotland, died alongside him. *The Anglo-Norman invasion of Scotland The Anglo-Normans were mainly the descendants of the Normans who ruled England following the conquest by William of Normandy. Following the Battle of Hastings, the invading Normans and their descendants formed a distinct population in England. They later spoke what became the Anglo-Norman
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