NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANISATION after WWII U.S.S.R occupied much of Europe soviets began withdrawing from other countries around the world 1949 April 12 nations established NATO to coordinate the military defences against possible Soviet aggression · Iron Curtain divided Europe into two separate areas through Germany East - countries that were connected to or influenced by the former Soviet Union. Countries to the west of the Iron Curtain had democratic governments. Emigration restrictions 10 East (Poland, etc Balkan countries) end of Cold War in 1991 · Truman doctrine, policy of containment, arms race Truman- Harry Truman to support free people who are resisting soviet forces. Help with military and economic aids. For example in Greece. Policy of containment US to prevent the spread of communism from the USSR (for example forming NATO) Arms race- belief that more nuclear weapons you had the mire powerful you were. Russia vs America.
struggle. They were afraid to suggest direct resistance to Russian authorities that could result in mass repression and destroy the Estonian people. In opposition to the moderates, the Tallinn newspaper Teataja (19011905), its publisher Konstantin Päts and the lawyer Jaan Teemant, attracted a radical wing of people connected with socialists. The radicals were prepared to resort to revolutionary actions in order to achieve a democratic state; they also demanded an extensive reduction of the land possessed by the manor houses. Estonian socialists were divided into social-democratic-centralists and social-democratic- federalists. The first belonged to the local, strictly conspiratorial organisations of the illegal Russian Social-Democratic Workers' Party (founded in 1898) headed by Mikhail Kalinin and Friedrich Leberecht. The federalists followed Peeter Speek, editor-in-chief of the Tartu
Where to resettle millions of Js? Esp Ger, Romanian, Pol Js. No thought to SU Js. Birobidzhan bubbled up, some infrastructure, autonomous region to 36, benign. JDC, presence, resettling Js, feelers to SU, knows not ideal. Phillipines, Ghiana, Madagascar, not a lot of viable options. Not mentioned in Evian, under League of Nations, all about Js though not said. SU not interested in Ger/Pol Js, SU knows there will be war against capitalist world, Ger/Pol capitalists sort of. Dominican Republic the answer, 400-500 in 1940, never goes anywhere. Highest rate of Aliyah from former SU from Birobidzhan. Holocaust Erad's book changed the face of research and teaching Holocaust in IL, Heb, not a whole lot in synthetic way in other langs. 2004, much less conjecture. Rev in 1960s-70s about Eur, not SU. Everywhere but SU, records about ind Js on pathways, ghettoization, labor, murder. SU, no Ger records, system fundamentally diff. Still probs w #s. 2/3 killing in camps, ghettos. 2 mill SU Js
The timing of the dissolution is normally chosen by the prime minister, but it isn't longer than 5 years. There are numerous qualifications that apply to Members of Parliament: firstly - must be aged at least 18, secondly - must be a citizen of the United Kingdom, of a British overseas territory, of the 11 Republic of Ireland, or of a member state of the Commonwealth of Nations. Sittings in the Chamber are held each day from Monday to Thursday, and also on some Fridays. During times of national emergency, the House may also sit at weekends. The full, formal style and title of the House of Commons is The Honourable the Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in Parliament assembled.
History exam *Stonehenge - is a monument located in England. It is one of the most famous prehistoric sites in the world and is composed of earthworks surrounding a circular setting of large standing stones. The surrounding circular, earth bank and ditch, have been dated to about 3100 BC. Stonehenge was produced by a culture with no written language. Many aspects of Stonehenge remain subject to debate. There is little or no direct evidence for the construction techniques used by the Stonehenge builders. *The Celts in Britain and their legacy The Cets lived in Britain in The Iron Age. They were warring tribes who were battleful amongst themselves as well as inter-tribal war. They were not centrally governed. The Celts brought iron working, iron ploughs and metal swords, horses, wheels and chariots - all these things gave them an instant superiority over the native tribes. The Celts built a number of hill forts throughout the region. The society
Establishing the European Communities'. It is this that is generally contracted to `EC Treaty' ; The Treaties of Rome are two of the treaties of the European Union signed on March 25, 1957. Both treaties were signed by The Six: Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and West Germany. Community law - Law of the member states of the European Union, as adopted by the Council of Ministers. THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY SAKSAMAA LIITVABARIIK 1. Name and nr of the case - 120/78; Cassis de Dijon case (1979) 2. The parties - ReweZentral AG (HAVING ITS REGISTERED OFFICE IN COLOGNE) v Bundesmonopolverwaltung für Branntwein ( FEDERAL MONOPOLY ADMINISTRATION FOR SPIRITS ). 3. Relevant problems and events (no details!) An importer was prohibited by the German authorities from importing Cassis de Dijon, a French liqueur,
ESTONIA AND THE ESTONIANS FOREWORD IN THE FOLD OF TSARIST RUSSIA. EMERGENCE AND FIRST STEPS ON THE CLASSICAL-ROMANTIC PATH. HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION I. MUSICAL LIFE IN TARTU AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY. TRAILBLAZERS: ALEKSANDER LÄTE, RUDOLF TOBIAS, ARTUR KAPP. II. THE FIRST DECADE OF THE 20TH CENTURY. ARTUR LEMBA: THE BEGINNING OF ESTONIAN SYMPHONY AND OPERA. III. NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN CULTURAL AND MUSICAL LIFE: THE END OF THE TSARIST PERIOD. THE INDEPENDENT REPUBLIC OF ESTONIA: THE INTRODUCTION OF INNOVATIONS FROM WESTERN ART AND THE EVOLUTION OF NATIONALLY ORIENTED MUSICAL TRENDS. IV. THE TWENTIES. ARTUR KAPP: ROMANTICIST AND DRAMATIST. V. THE INFLUENCE OF NEW WESTERN MUSICAL TRENDS. HEINO ELLER: A PROGRAMME PAINTER. VI. THE THIRTIES. THE WIDENING OF NATIONAL SYMPHONISM. THE RISE OF ATTENTION TO HISTORY AND FOLKLORE: JUHAN AAVIK, EDUARD TUBIN, EUGEN KAPP. VII. FURTHER MATURING OF SYMPHONIC MUSIC: HEINO ELLER, EVALD AAV,
Public International Law is a system of law, different from domestic law. Why is this system unique? Usually law regulates relations between people, people and the state etc, PIL regulates relations between states. Thats why PIL is important for international relation students. PIL influences the life of everybody, it doesn't regulate people directly but indirectly (through the decisions of the states), because it's everywhere. It's like air. E.g. when you want to send a letter to Brazil, you put a stamp from your own country and send it from your post office and the letter gets delivered. Why is this so easy, because there are certain international conventions that regulate postal services. E.g. traffic signs are almost the same everywhere, why? Because of certain int conventions that require the states to have more or less unified traffic signs. States apply international regulations to national regulations and they have to be in accordance with each other, the s
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