FACTS Ex1. 1. Create 2. Tarnished 3. Improve 4. Change Ex1. 1. Retain 2. Gives 3. Stick to 4. Distorting 5. 5. Shed 6. Project Based on Ex2. 1. Stereotyped 2. New 3. Public 4. Staid and Ex2. 1. Useless 2. Interesting 3. Necessary 4. stuffy 5. Clean 6. Right Well- known 5. Hard 6. Disturbing Ex3. 1. Captured 2. Appear 3. Blot out 4. Ex3. 1. Of 2. In 3. For 4. Of 5. From 6. Despite Produces 5. Conjures up 6. Projected Ex4. 1. Get your facts right 2. Face the facts 3. IMPACT The facts of life 4. A statement of fact Ex1. 1. Have 2. Make 3. Minimise 4. Assess 5.
learning, and substitute objective terms: reception for sensation, reflex for fixed movement, -6- Psühholoogia Eestis J.Allik 2002 antiklise for modifiable movement, and resonance for memory or any dependence of behavior on past stimulation. Nor was it only the protozoa that seemed able to spare consciousness. The stereotyped behavior of the social insects, of the ants and bees, suggested that they might be robots (Boring, 1959, p. 625). Närvisüsteemi voolusängid (drainage). Uute voolusängide kujunemise teooria pakkus välja Uexküll, mis funktsionaalse ringi (tagasiside) põhimõttel loob uusi voolusänge närvivõrgus ja on seega aluseks õppimisele. Mõjutused ja arendused. · · etoloogia üks rajajatest, kellele toetused Karl von Frisch, Konrad Lorenz ja Nico
(1998, p. 201). In our case, the main objective of these translations, undertaken on a regular basis, within a distinct publishing house series, would be not so much to satisfy the readers' curiosity about how they have been stereotyped. The main purpose for such an enterprise is to encourage the target readers' critical distancing from simplifying cliche´ s and the better mediation of their cultural identity in the context of globalization. After all, as Mathews shows (2000, p. 23), `the choices each
· Negative reciprocity · Indirect reciprocity · Pseudo reciprocity o Mother Thereza? What kind of altruism was that? she helped other people, not relatives (negative reciprocity) The prisoners dilemma · Slaid 7 · Resolution: id the interacting is on-going, a tit-for-tat strategy is possible: first cooperate and then do what your partner did the previous period. Mobbing · Prey individuals perform stereotyped movements, emit repeated and loud calls which other prey and recruit them into mobbing aggregation. (nt lindude ohuhüüe) · Mobbing disables predators and/or causes them to move another area. · If mobbing is honest, it must be costly. If mobbing a common behaviour, it must be ESS (evolutsiooniliselt stabiilne strateegia) · Experiment 1 o need pesakastid, kust oli ohuhüüdeid imiteeeritud enam, oli ka enam rüüstatud
opinions, and when there are no clear rules for decision making. Janis has documented eight symptoms of groupthink: · Illusion of invulnerability Creates excessive optimism that encourages taking extreme risks. · Collective rationalization Members discount warnings and do not reconsider their assumptions. · Belief in inherent morality Members believe in the rightness of their cause and therefore ignore the ethical or moral consequences of their decisions. · Stereotyped views of out-groups Negative views of "enemy" make effective responses to conflict seem unnecessary. · Direct pressure on dissenters Members are under pressure not to express arguments against any of the group's views. · Self-censorship Doubts and deviations from the perceived group consensus are not expressed. · Illusion of unanimity The majority view and judgments are assumed to be unanimous.
are no clear rules for decision making. Janis has documented eight symptoms of groupthink: • Illusion of invulnerability –Creates excessive optimism that encourages taking extreme risks. • Collective rationalization – Members discount warnings and do not reconsider their assumptions. • Belief in inherent morality – Members believe in the rightness of their cause and therefore ignore the ethical or moral consequences of their decisions. • Stereotyped views of out-groups – Negative views of “enemy” make effective responses to conflict seem unnecessary. • Direct pressure on dissenters – Members are under pressure not to express arguments against any of the group’s views. • Self-censorship – Doubts and deviations from the perceived group consensus are not expressed. • Illusion of unanimity – The majority view and judgments are assumed to be unanimous.
keeps the enzyme away from oxygen; more enzymes involved; cell produces enzymes; AVP; e.g. enzyme(s) may be, expensive / difficult to isolate simultaneous processes can occur max 2 [11] 144. (a) (i) automatic requires no (conscious) thought / AW; (ii) stereotyped carried out by all individuals in a species / always carried out in same way / AW; (iii) conditioned (response) can be, modified / produced, following exposure to ‘new’ stimulus / AW; 3 (b) A any response, provided correct stimulus is given; R non-mammalian example R examples of conditioned reflexes 1
breakdown of marriage or when placing the child into the care of the local authority is not enough to adhere to Article 12. He contends that listening to children and taking their views into account must be respected and taken seriously.23 Moreover, the outrage to the explicit criticism also demonstrated that children`s rights are predominantly viewed with some hostility in the UK, where Article 12 in particular has created considerable resentment as children are predominantly stereotyped as being innocent/vulnerable or `aggressive, demanding and badly behaving adolescents out of control of their parents and teachers and lacking the willingness or capacity to accept the responsibilities that should accompany with the granting of rights`. 24 There is a clear tension between the commonly held assumptions of children on the one hand, as welfare dependants, needy for protection and care of adults, and on the other hand, as young citizens entitled to
often tell when a new code clerk has been hired by the sudden efflorescence of new equivalents for stop! The identification of the stops outlines the structure of the message. In English messages, nouns, as the subjects of sentences, will often appear directly after stops. In German, where the predicate often comes at the end of the sentence, the codegroup immediately preceding a stop may be a verb. Other clues come from the stereotyped expressions that diplomats so love in their dispatches: "I have the honor to report to Your Excellency. ..." Collateral information is of very great value. The first tentative identifications are usually written in pencil for easy erasing, and such are called "pencil groups." Eventually, further traffic confirms them and they become "ink groups." Solution proceeds much more rapidly if a code is one-part. If codegroup 1234 represents a word
that indicates the worth of turquoise jewelry, they were counting on just one-the one they knew to be usually associated with the quality of any item. They were bet- ting that price alone would tell them all they needed to know. This time, because someone mistook a '''/,'' for a "2," they bet wrong. In the long run, over all the past and future situations of their lives, betting those shortcut odds may represent the most rational approach possible. In fact, automatic, stereotyped behavior is prevalent in much human action, because in many cases, it is the most efficient form of behaving (Gigerenzer ~ Goldstein, 1996), and in other cases it is simply necessary (Bodenhausen, Macrae, ~ Sherman, 1999; Fiske ~ Neuberg, 1990). You and I exist in an extraordinarily com- plicated environment, easily the most rapidly moving and complex that has ever existed on this planet. To deal with it, we need shortcuts. We can't be expected to
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