The Cuban Missile Crisis Vanessa Viira, Agris Janisk, Nikita Mikson 10 d Backround of Cuba Fidel Castro established Communist government in 1959 Took over the bussinesses of the US Castro was attempted to be overthrowed, April 1961, inavsion of Bay of Pigs Missile sites were built in Cuba in summer 1962 The USSRs sent a shipment full of military equipment in autumn 1962 Why was the USSR interested in helping Cuba? A Communist state A good launch base for the USSR Nikita Khrushchev wanted to test the strenght of John F. Kennedy and force him to bargain over the US missile in Europe What happened? Photos of missile sites on Cuba were taken by spy planes, October 14, 1962 Photos revealed to the Us the day after President Kennedy formed the EXCOMM (Executive Committee of the National Security Council) Possible courses of action 1)Do nothing 2)Diplomacy 3)Warning 4)Blockade 5)Air strike 6)Invasion The responses were considered and ExComm started making the choice
Berliini blokaad ja müür Berliini blokaad · 24. juuni 1948 12. mai 1949 · Jossif Stalin · Üks esimesi suuremaid rahvusvahelisi kriise külma sõja ajal · Toimus Berliini linnas Saksamaal · Ajendiks oli rahareform Berliini müür · Ehitamist alustati 13 august 1961 · Lõhuti 9 november 1989 · Üritas põgeneda 5000 inimest · Hukkus 100 kuni 200 inimest · Walter Ulbricht ja Nikita Khrushchev Osalevad riigid · NSVL · Saksamaa · USA Probleem NSVL ei tahtnud, et läänes tekiks ühine tsoon. Tulemus · Kõik ühendusteed läänepoolega katkestati · Saksamaa lõhenes lõplikult · Berliini lääneosa sai välismaailmaga ühendust pidada vaid õhu teel Vidjo
Occupation of Estonia by German Empire. United Baltic Duchy Declaration of Independance As a result of the availability of education Age of awakening Red Army's retreat and arrival of German troops in Pärnu on 23 February in Tallinn on 24 February 1918 Independence (1918-1939) Tartu peace treaty in 1920 First recognized by Finland on July 7, 1920 Member of the League of Nations in 1921 Parlament was established in 1934 First preseident Konstantin Päts Soviet Union Stalin Era Khrushchev era Brezhnev era Gorbachev era Living conditions Laws were rough Economy Deportation to Siberia Consequences Effect to economy Estonian and russian people in Estonia were mixed up Bad memories Restoration of independence Western democracies considered illegal the annexation of Estonia Movement for Estonian autonomy started in 1980's In 1989, the "Singing Revolution" Independence was declared on 20 August 1991 First recognized by Iceland Thank you for your attention!
Sõjajärgsel perioodil hakkas Molotovi mõju hakkas kahanema. 1949. aastal asendati ta välisministri kohal Andrei Vishinskiga, kuigi ta säilitas oma koha peaministri asetäitjana ja poliitbüroo liikmena. Peale Andrei Zhdanovi surma, kes oli peamine Stalini järglase kandidaat, Stalin ja Beria hakkasid tegema plaane järgmiseks ,,puhastuseks", mis oleks eemaldanud enamuse vanematest erakonnapealikest nagu näiteks Molotovi oma ametitest. Uued juhid, näiteks Georgii Malenkov ja Nikita Khrushchev nautisid Stalini hoolt. Kindel märk Molotovi ebakindlast positsioonist oli tema suutmatus takistada tema juudist naise, Polina Zhemchuzhina, arreteerimist detsembris 1948 ,,reetmise" eest. Stalinil oli teda kogu aeg umbusaldanud. Paar sai uuesti kokku pandud Beria poolt peale Stalini surma. 19. partei kongressil 1952. aastal, valiti Molotov uueks laiendatud kommunistliku partei presiidiumiks, kuid ta jäeti välja väiksemast presiidiumi komiteest. Näib nagu Stalini surm 1953
Russian Language 2. Translation. "Stalin's Grandson" Theatre director Alexandr Burdonsky only rarely gives interviews about his family history and about what happened to him after Stalin's death: "I was fifteen years old when the 20 th Congress took place and Khrushchev gave his secret speech about the cult of personality and its consequences and about all the people who had suffered under Stalin. The speech was no revelation for me. Many of my mother's friends had spent time in prison camps. She herself was constantly under threat of arrest. I knew about all this and I had the same attitude as any other normal person to it. But after Khrushchev's speech many people abandoned us. For them we were only Stalin's relatives. Nobody came to visit us
• Kuuba ja Nõukogude Liit asusid kiiruga rajama Kuubale baase tuumarakettide tarbeks • Järgnev kriis oli üks külma sõja aegseid suuremaid vastasseise • USAteatas, et ei luba ründerelvade paigutamist Kuubale, ning nõudis, et Nõukogude Liit lammutaks Kuubal ehitatavad ja valminud raketibaasid • Avalikult hakkas NSV Liit USA nõudmistele vastu, kuid salajaste suhtluskanalite kaudu tehti ettepanek kriisi lahendamiseks Pildid • Pilt 1: Nikita khrushchev, Fidel Castro and John F. Kennedy – protagonists during the Cuban missile crisis Kriisi lõpp • Vastasseislõppes 28. oktoobril 1962, mil USA president John F. Kennedy ja ÜRO peasekretär jõudsid Hruštšoviga nii avalikule kui ka salajasele kokkuleppele. • Avalikult lammutas Nõukogude pool oma ründerelvad Kuubal ja viis need tagasi Nõukogude Liitu, kui ÜRO andis garantii USA avalikule lubadusele Kuubat mitte kunagi rünnata • Salajas
Novgorod, Rostov. Oil from Baku before, Rothschilds. E of Urals, eksotic, unimportant until 60s and 70s, start hitting oil. Russia today couldn't survive w/o E oil and minerals, like magnesium, titanium. Were Russians in living in Ukraine, Caucasus, other areas before SU? 11 March Js in Crimea, more interested in Russia. Some for Russia, but don't want annexation. Diplomatic solution. Many sides. Propaganda Ukrainian roots to village. Current female leader, hair style. 1950s, Khrushchev granted Criemea to Ukraine. Social- demo reasons, not political? W Ukrainians started to flow to Crim, judeo-phobes. 1833 colonization, Tatars fleeing. Many other nationalities coming, including Estonians, Shveitzarim, Bulgars, Germans, Russ, Js, others. Part of New Russia, invited by govt. Crimea became a sort of Riviera. Great writers wrote about it; became place everybody wants. J Anti-fascist comm 42, est. by the govt., for other groups. Propagandaic purposes for Sovs
suhteid hoida. Üheks majanduse ebaefektiivsuse faktoriks oli veel sunnitud industrialiseerimine ja aina kasvav urbaniseerumine ning sellega kaasnenud reformide mõjud – 1960.aastal oli palgateenijaid 62 miljonit, Brežnevi aja lõpuks aga oli neid 115 miljonit. See tõi kaasa inimeste ostujõu tõusu, kuid samal ajal valitses kaupade defitsiit. 14 Tekib kohe küsimus, et kuidas süsteem selle kõik üle elas Brežnevi ajal. Päästjaks osutus kahtlemata Nõukogude 9 George W. Breslauer. Khrushchev and Brezhnev as leaders: building authority in Soviet politics. London: Allen & Unwin, 1982, lk. 247. 10 V. Shlapentokh. A normal totalitarian society, lk. 75. 11 Glenn E. Curtis. Russia: A Country Study. The Brezhnev era: The Economy under Brezhnev. Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress, 1996. [http://countrystudies.us/russia/14.htm] 12 Ibid. 13 Martin McCauley. The rise and fall of the Soviet Union. Harlow: Pearson/Longman, 2008, lk. 351-353, 361. 14 Hans-Joachim Veen
http://www.slideshare.net/kudisiim/klmsda Õpik `'Lähiajalugu gümnaasiumile 2'' (lk 1112) http://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BClm_s%C3%B5da http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_arms_race http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20101120002431AAUG9z5 http://www.google.ee/imgres?q=Harry+S.+Truman&um=1&hl=et&sa=N&biw=1920&bih=922&tbm=isch&tbnid=mSkqX7hoZ2VteM:&imgrefurl=http://www.diabolicalmovie.blogspot.com/&d http://www.google.ee/imgres?q=Nikita+Khrushchev&um=1&hl=et&sa=N&biw=1920&bih=922&tbm=isch&tbnid=SduGGygNUrP1M:&imgrefurl=http://coldwarradios.blogspot.com/2010/12/n http://www.google.ee/imgres?q=arms+race+science&um=1&hl=et&sa=N&biw=1920&bih=965&tbm=isch&tbnid=oqOG1qr60SUtM:&imgrefurl=http://www.dipity.com/nuleyseo/ExpansionandIndustralization/&docid=guxH8AoA9L86oM&imgurl=http:// http://www.google.ee/imgres?q=nuclear+arms+race+cold+war&um=1&hl=et&biw=1920&bih=965&tbm=isch&tbnid=YS9OPeGx4Z0uPM:&imgrefurl=http://ncvpsapwh2.pbworks
most successful works of Russian literature. Alexander Fadeyev achieved success in Russia. Various émigré writers, such as poets Vladislav Khodasevich, Georgy Ivanov and Vyacheslav Ivanov; novelists such as Mark Aldanov, Gaito Gazdanov and Vladimir Nabokov; and short story Nobel Prize-winning writer Ivan Bunin, continued to write in exile. Some writers dared to oppose Soviet ideology, like Nobel Prize-winning novelist Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, who wrote about life in the gulag camps. The Khrushchev Thaw brought some fresh wind to literature and poetry became a mass cultural phenomenon. This "thaw" did not last long; in the 1970s, some of the most prominent authors were banned from publishing and prosecuted for their anti-Soviet sentiments. The end of the 20th century was a difficult period for Russian literature, with few distinct voices. Among the most discussed authors of this period were Victor Pelevin, who gained
oma välismaailmseid eesmärke on mõned riigid pidanud ohverdama osa oma riigi sisesest sotsiaalsest stabiilsusest. Tootlikkus on kehv, materiaalse elatustase tagasihoidik või madal, ja individuaalne vabadus on ohverdatud sotsiaalsele korrale. POLIITILINE KULTUUR Teise Maailma rahvastel on rikas ja komplitseeritud poliitiline kultuur. Pea tervet ala valitseti autoritaarselt . Poliitilist kultuuri mõjutas eriti ka filosoof Karl Marx ja kommunistlikud liidrid nagu Lenin, Stalin, Khrushchev, Breznev ja Gorbachev. Kuigi kommunismiteooria pidi olema reaalne oli poliitiline kultuur siiski normatiivne. Keskmised arusaamad: 1) Rahvusvaheline süsteem on subjektiks ajaloolisele heaolu ja klassivõitluse näidiseks. 2) Peamiseks eesmärgiks on klassivahe puudumine ja kus kõigil 55 56 kodanikel ühesugune sissetulek ja ressursitarbimine. 3) Ühiskonda "valvab" Kompartei kuni
A positive attitude towards life, warmth and sunny colours appear in his Ninth Symphony which marked liberation from a deadlock of thoughts as well as a new rise of inner balance and hope. XVII. THE SECOND HALF OF THE SIXTIES. THE NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL IN THE ESTONIAN SYMPHONIC MUSIC. JAAN KOHA. ESTER MÄGI. KULDAR SINK. Leonid Brezhnev became the new leader of the Soviet Union in 1964 when Khrushchev was removed as Secretary General of the Communist Party. The new leaders of the Soviet Union declared plans for the enforcement of a more effective and realistic economic policy; they promised not to intervene with the affairs of culture. However, at the end of the decade it became obvious that the reforms had not been effective. At that time, one could observe a new aggravation of the internal political situation.
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