õigusest seoses massiküüditamistega. Selleks, et esimesele küsimusele vastata, kasutasin HeinOnline andmebaasi. Lisaks sellele, tegin lahti Tartu Ülikooli õppejõu nimekirja ja vaatasin, kes on rahvusvahelise õiguse õppejõuks. Valituks osutusid 6 inimest: Rene Värk, Lauri Mälksoo, Elizabeth Teodora Kasa Mälksoo, Lehte Leesik, Katre Luhamaa ja Merilin Kiviorg. HeinOnline süsteemi „Full text“ alla panin otsingusse: „Õppejõu täisnimi + mass deportation“. Siis, kui panin otsingusse just „Lauri Malksoo maas deportation“, sain artikli üles leida: „Soviet Genocide? Communist Mass Deportations in the Baltic States and International Law“. Peale seda vajutasin artikli nimetusele ja sain täisteksti. Täistektsi link: https://heinonline-org.ezproxy.utlib.ut.ee/HOL/Page? collection=journals&handle=hein.journals/lejint14&id=766&men_tab=srchresults
As a result of the availability of education Age of awakening Red Army's retreat and arrival of German troops in Pärnu on 23 February in Tallinn on 24 February 1918 Independence (1918-1939) Tartu peace treaty in 1920 First recognized by Finland on July 7, 1920 Member of the League of Nations in 1921 Parlament was established in 1934 First preseident Konstantin Päts Soviet Union Stalin Era Khrushchev era Brezhnev era Gorbachev era Living conditions Laws were rough Economy Deportation to Siberia Consequences Effect to economy Estonian and russian people in Estonia were mixed up Bad memories Restoration of independence Western democracies considered illegal the annexation of Estonia Movement for Estonian autonomy started in 1980's In 1989, the "Singing Revolution" Independence was declared on 20 August 1991 First recognized by Iceland Thank you for your attention!
advances made in many countries for the recognition of same sex couples. Certainly, some work remains necessary in order to eradicate the last vestiges of discrimination. But with changing public opinion, it will only be, according to some people, a matter of time, the time needed for a movement begun many decades earlier to achieve its goals. To tell the truth, the 20th century has undoubtedly been the most violently homophobic period of history: deportation to concentration camps under the Nazi regime, Soviet gulags, blackmail and persecution in the United States in the McCarthy era... Obviously, all of that can seem very distant to us now. But quite often living conditions in the world today remain very unfavorable. Homosexuality is discriminated against everywhere: in at least 80 countries, homosexual acts are forbidden by law (Algeria, Senegal, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Lebanon, Jordan, Kuwait, Puerto Rico, Nicaragua, Bosnia..
murder and sentenced to life imprisonment. Three years later, he was arrested in France by the police, but a formal request for extradition was refused by the Limoges Court of Appeal as the conviction in absentia was incompatible with French public policy. The applicant remained in residence in the Limoges area awaiting trial by the French courts for other offences. On the day that an order was made committing him for trial, the applicant was abducted by French policemen, served with a deportation order (which was over one month old) and forcibly taken to the Swiss border where he was handed to the Swiss authorities. Following proceedings in Switzerland, he was extradited to Italy, under a standing agreement between the two countries, where he was imprisoned for the conviction by the Italian courts. After his abduction, the applicant's lawyers pursued various remedies in the French courts, including the summoning of the Minister of the Interior before the Paris tribunal de grande
*Reformation 16th century establishments of new school, Estonians first book appeared in 1525 *Tartu University 1632 founded by King Gustavus II Adolphus, classical university, member of the Coimbra group *Abolition of serfdom 1816 *Song festival 1869 in Tartu, an organiser was J.V.Jannsen, 822 singers, men only *Declaration of independence 24th February 1918 *War of independence 1918-1920 during the Russian Civil War, resulted in a victory for Estonia *Deportation 1949 *Estonia becomes independent 20th August 1991 *Joining EU 1st May 2004 Language: Estonian language, belongs to the Balti-Finnic group of the Finno-Ugric languages, closely realted to Finnish and rather remotely to Hungarian; Latin alphabet with 32 letters , 5 of which occur only in foreign words, the phenomes include 9 vowels and 18 consonants; words are borrowed from Latin, Greek, English etc.; since 1995 the 14th of March is celebrated as the
Eesti NSV lipp. Emad lastega saabumas Siberisse. Täistopitud rongid, mis lahkusid Eestist Venemaa poole. Kõik pildid on tehtud nii, et inimesed on rõõmsad nendel, aga kas tegelt olid? Martin Raudsepp Kasutatud kirjandus 10 Leo Õispuu ,,Küüditamine Eestist Venemaale. Deportation from Estonia to Russia (6. osa). Juuniküüditamine 1941 ja küüditamised 1940-1953." Ronald Rüütel ,,Atarma. Minu elu Siberis." Eesti ajalooarhiivi toimetised 15 ,,Eesti NSV aastatel 1940-1953." 9.klassi õppematerjal. Martin Raudsepp 11
the Ottoman government requested the Ottoman Armenians to contribute the conquest of Transcaucasia by inciting a rebellion with the Russian Armenians against the tsarist army in the event of a Caucasus front. (Wikipedia, 2011) 1.5. Death marches The Armenians were marched out to the Syrian town of Deir Ez-Zor and the surrounding desert. Many evidences suggests that the Ottoman government did not provide any facilities or supplies to retain the Armenians during their deportation, nor when they arrived. Ottoman troops, who escorted the Armenians not only allowed others to rob, kill, and rape the Armenians, but often did these things themselves. Marching into the desert hundreds of thousands of Armenians died. (Wikipedia, 2011) 1.6. Extermination camps I t is believed that 25 major concentration camps existed, under the command of Þükrü Kaya. Most of the camps were situated near Turkey's modern Iraqi and Syrian borders. Some camps
o Events in former Yugoslavia, Rwanda o Similar events to genocide: china killed some people political or social groups, that's why not genocide. o Genocide in Rwanda was not that long ago. o Also, Sudan, Yugoslavia. Crimes against humanity following acts when committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against any civilian population, with knowledge of the attack: Murder; Extermination; Enslavement; Deportation or forcible transfer of population; Imprisonment or other severe deprivation of physical liberty in violation of fundamental rules of international law; Torture; Rape, sexual slavery, enforced prostitution, forced pregnancy, enforced sterilization, or any other form of sexual violence of comparable gravity; Persecution against any identifiable group or collectivity on political, racial, national, ethnic, cultural, religious, gender or other grounds that are universally recognized as
collapse of the Soviet Union. Museums are usually closed on this day. November 2 All Souls' Day The Day of the Souls (2 November) is a day to remember the dead.A time of prayer for the departed, acquired particular poignancy during the Soviet occupation, when people visited the graves of friends and relatives, often remembering the atrocities suffered by so many during war and deportation. It was not a day sanctioned by the Soviet Union, so visits were often made surreptitiously. At night, one could usually determine whether households were Estonian or Russian speaking because All Souls candles burned only in the windows of the former. This deep seated reverence for dead and for respecting and maintaining graves predates the Christian era. http://www.estemb.org/estonia/holidays St. Martin's Day ( Mardipäev) (10 nov)
2000 ÷ 5000 30 000 ÷ 50 000 border to border crossing points of the Russian Federation and in 000 the opposite direction to 1,000 rubles with deportation from In violation of the checkpoints on the border of the Russian to 1,000 rubles the Russian Federation or warning Federation or
Capuzzo in Libya, Africa from Italian forces.
· 1940 The three Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania fall under the occupation of the Soviet
Union.
Pasted from
Estonian communists (the whole group consisted of no more than 150 members), acted immediately, with the support of the occupying Soviet troops, power was transferred into the hands of the communists in the same month. After crudely falsified “elections” the new authorities declared Estonia a Soviet Republic and in August it was officially incorporated into the USSR. Everything was to be reshaped according to the Soviet model; it included terror, imprisonment and deportation. The eminent statesmen General Johan Laidoner (Commander-in-Chief of the Estonian Army), President Konstantin Päts, Premier Kaarel Eenpalu, ex-Premier Jaan Tõnisson and many other prominent public figures were arrested and, with thousands of others, either died or disappeared without trace in the Soviet prison camps. The sweeping deportation action in June 1941 wiped out any illusions about the communist rule. During the first Soviet year, approximately 19,000 Estonian citizens were deported
be given an opportunity to participate in the proceedings and make their views known. 3. States Parties shall respect the right of the child who is separated from one or both parents to maintain personal relations and direct contact with both parents on a regular basis, except if it is contrary to the child’s best interests. 4. Where such separation results from any action initiated by a State Party, such as the detention, imprisonment, exile, deportation or death (including death arising from any cause while the person is in the custody of the State) of one or both parents or of the child, that State Party shall, upon request, provide the parents, the child or, if appropriate, another member of the family with the essential information concerning the whereabouts of the absent member(s) of the family unless the provision of the information would be detrimental to the well-being of the child. States Parties shall further ensure that the
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