Originated in France in 12-13 century. Usually in the form of the narrative poetry -> later it disappeared. The storyline centers around a knight who undergoes several battles to win the heart of his loved one. Romance vs. Pastoral ROMANCE PASTORAL Lady was from the higher class than a knight. Lady was a shepherdess who seduces the knight. Impossible love Impossible love There are 3 categories of Chivalric Romance 1. The Matter of Britain About King Arthur and his court. 2. The Matter of Troy About the antique myth of Britain origin from the ancient city of Troy through its founder Brutus. 3. The Breton Lay Main character is Merlin. Chivalric romance is a mixture of: local myths Anglo-Saxon heritage French courtly tradition ancient Greek and Roman myths (Troy) The authors' imagination Geoffrey of Monmouth (1100-1155)
in their territories; Knights, merchants and yeoman the middle classes, could own small pieces of land; Villens and serfs did not own land and worked for the aristocracy slaves no land, owned by the lords and used as they wished. 5) 1086 Domesday Book to improve taxation 6) Reforms the legal system : The Common Law 7) 1215 a first government is assigned 8.) Types of literature most prominent in the middle ages ( didactic poems, Chivalric romance, Fables, Ballads). What is Chivalric romance, where does it originate from? What are the three categories describe each of them? Geoffrey of Monmouth and Historia Regum Britanniae importance, Ballads and the main themes in them. 1) Didactic Poems educating poems in the English language, stories from the Bible contained moral lessons, often performed in front of the churches before the service 2) Chivalric romance court literature that originated from France
Westminster Abbey is a large, mainly Gothic abbey church in the City of Westminster, London. 10.The Crusades - find some information about them. They were military campaigns sanctioned by the Catholic Church in the Middle Ages. The first of the Crusades began in 1095, when armies of Christians from Western Europe responded to Pope Urban II's plea to go to war against Muslim forces in the Holy Land. 11.How would you describe Medieval or Chivalric Romances? Chivalric romance is a type of prose and verse narrative that was popular in the aristocratic circles of High Medieval and Early Modern Europe. They were fantastic stories about marvel-filled adventures, often of a knight-errant portrayed as having heroic qualities, who goes on a quest. 12.What is courtly love? It was a medieval European literary conception of love that emphasized nobility and chivalry. Medieval literature is filled with examples of knights setting out on adventures and performing
There were some compensations such as religious festivals time for the people to have fun. Crusades the aim was to reconquer the Holy Land. Arab influence. The Arabs gave Europe medicine, mathematics etc. Commerce, travel became easier. After the Norman conquerings, three languages were prevalent: French, Latin, Anglosaxon. Romances were written in French, folklore in English, Anglosaxon. The medieval romance (literature): · Chivalric romance a narrative genre that first developed in France in the 12th century. Mostly stories of single knights who undertook an adventure in order to gain a lady's favour. They stress their chivalric ideas of courage, honour, mercy and elaborate manners. Courtly Love a code that regulates the relations of a knight and his lady. The erotic aspect of love is spiritualised. It is regarded as the noblest passion on Earth.
loyal to him when he needed it. The Domesday Book was the record of the great survey of England, executed for 'William the Conqueror'. The survey was similar to a census by a government of today. Magna Carta is an English legal charter. The Magna Carta required King John of England to proclaim certain rights, respect certain legal procedures, and accept that his will could be bound by the law. Anglo-Saxon poetic forms:Didactic poems-stories from Bible about saints` lives and moral lessons Chivalric romances-plot is centred around a single knight who fought at tournaments,slayed dragons and underwent a series of adventures in order to win the heart of his heroine. Courtly love-lover idealised and idolised his beloved. Romances are divided:1)the matter of Britain:stories that centre on the pseudo-historical King Arthur2)the matter of Troy:tales of the classical world3)English Breton lays:short poems or songs that tell stories of otherwordly magic. .Humorous beast epics,the lyric
The knight's service of the object of his secret desire, the cult of the lady became very important. In the 12 th century there was a revolution in sensibility in Europe. Human emotions were no longer regarded as a disease. Human love- could be seen as an image of what it meant to love God. The Mother of God, a gracious lady and loving mother could be also worshipped. The cult of Mary emerges and runs parallel with the chivalric idealization of women. For the change of sexual passion into a cult of an idealized woman the warrior had to undergo a cultural transformation. This became possible when he was taken to the king or a great nobleman's court. The courts were run by well-educated clerics who spread the idea of courtier manners and morals. The virtues prized were: no boasting, gentleness, friendliness, moderation, temperate moods
period. Importance of religion; the stories of King Arthur (also Tristan and Isolde, based on Celtic legends). Importance of the church during the Middle Ages (5th c to 15th c). Three languages used in England: French, English and Latin. Main literary genres: (1) chivalric romance, (2) the fabliau (a comic, often anonymous tale that is characterised by an excess of sexual and other types of obscenity) and (3) literature on religious topics – either moralistic (teach right from wrong) or ecclesiastical (biblical subject).
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