1981: IBM PC IBM announces the IBM 5150 PC Personal Computer, in New York. The PC features a 4.77MHz Intel 8088 CPU, 64KB RAM, 40KB ROM, one 5.25inch floppy drive (160KB capacity), and PCDOS 1.0 (Microsoft's MSDOS), for about US$3000. Also included is Microsoft BASIC, VisiCalc, UCSD Pascal, CP/M86, and Easywriter 1.0. A fully loaded version with color graphics costs US$6000. IBM announces the CGA graphics card for the PC, giving 640x200 resolution with 16 colors. 1982 Intel introduces the 6MHz 80286 microprocessor. It uses a 16bit data bus, 134,000 transistors (1.5 microns), and offers protected mode operation. Initial price is US$360 each, in quantities of 100. It can access 16 MB of memory, or 1 GB of virtual memory. Speed is 0.9 MIPS. Later versions operate at 8MHz, 10MHz (1.5 MIPS), and 12MHz (2.66 MIPS). ÜLDMÕISTED
running LISP programs (mostly AI) efficiently.The whole system written in LISP. Another Lisp machine company created at the same time: LMI LISP machine died even faster than Symbolics. 1981 Adam Osborne Esimene kaasaskantav arvuti OSBORNE I kaalus u. 11 Kg(,,24 pounds) kasutas Z80 maksis 1,790$; Apollo arvuti esimene tööjaam Motorola 68000 põhjal; Silicon Graphics samuti Motorola 68000 põhjal, müüdi terminalideks; IBM 5150 personaalarvuti (PC); CGA graafikakaart 640x200 resolutsioon 16 värvi; Microsoft osta DOS-i Seattle Computer Producs-lt ja MS- DOS nimi tuleb; Novell Data Systems laseb välja Novel Data Systems Management computeri see annab võimaluse võrgus jagada kõvaketast;Ashton Tate laseb välja dBase II varajane andmebaasi programm; 1982 loodi firma SUN Microsystems(SUN=Stanford University Network) 1977 Relational Software Inc. (RSI - currently Oracle Corporation) established: Ellison and Miner
pounds and cost $1,795. Used Z80 (NOT IBM-PC clone (yet)!) Apollo Computer unveiled the first workstation, its DN100, offering more power than some minicomputers at a fraction of the price. Used a Motorola 68000 microprocessor. College professor James Clark found Silicon Graphics, Incorporated. The 1000 and 1200 computers used a Motorola 68000 microprocessor with 8 Mhz and were sold as diskless systems intended for use as a terminal. IBM announces the CGA graphics card for the PC, giving 640x200 resolution with 16 colors. 1982 The ZX Spectrum is an 8-bit personal home computer released in the United Kingdom in 1982 by Sinclair Research Ltd Symbian was the main operating system of mobile phones prior iOS and Android. 1977 Relational Software Inc. (RSI - currently Oracle Corporation) established: Ellison and Miner. 1983 Relational Software Inc. changed its name to Oracle Corporation. Oracle became the first DBMS to run on mainframes, minicomputers, and PC's. Code was written in C. 1983
kasutusele IBM PC- des (töötati välja 1982.a.). Siiski oli värvide arv graafilises tööviisis minimaalne (4), teksti puhul küll veidi suurem (16), kuid viimase puhul koosnes märgimaatriks ainult 8x8- st punktist. Tekst esitatakse 25 reas 40 sümboli kaupa. Neljavärviline kujutis koosneb 320x200 punktist. On suuteline esitama ka ühevärvilist teksti 25 reas 80 sümboli kaupa ja graafilisi kujutisi 640x200 punktiks jaotatud ekraanil. Graafilised kujundid on paraku madala kvaliteediga ja värvid räiged. CGA- adapter võimaldas kasutada nii RGB monitori, monokroomset või liitvärvisignaali monitori, kui ka tavalist televiisorit. 46 Kuna viimati mainitud variandis pildikvaliteet oli väga halb, siis hilisemates videoadapterites oli selles loobutud. Kasutati 9 viiguga Sub D pistikut.
diagonaalis;kaadrisagedus tavaliselt 50-90 Hz, - sagedus, millega toimub kuva uuendamine, soovitavalt >70Hz, mida kõrgem on lahutusvõime väärtus, seda väiksem on maksimaalselt lubatav kaadrisageduse suurus (1280x1024 puhul 85 - 90 Hz, 1600x1200 puhul 75 - 80 Hz); reasagedus - sagedus, millega toimub ridade laotamine ekraanile, tavaliselt 24 - 115 Hz; lahutusvõime - ekraanil kujutatavate pikslite arv rõht- ja püstsuunas, 640x200 kuni 1600x1280; värvide arv - monitori poolt esitatavate värvitoonide arv, võib ulatuda must/valgest kuvast kuni 16,7 miljoni värvitoonini; kiirguskaitse - normid lubatavale kiirguse piirväärtusele; punktisamm - väljendab üksikute pildipunktide vahekaugust monitori ekraanil, tänapäeval 0,25-0,28 mm; energiasääste - monitori tarbitav võimsus ei ületa etteantud piiri; ühilduvus erinevate graafikastandarditega.
1981 IBM announces the IBM 5150 PC Personal Computer, in New York. The PC features a 4.77-MHz Intel 8088 CPU, 64KB RAM, 40KB ROM, one 5.25-inch floppy drive (160KB capacity), and PC-DOS 1.0 (Microsoft's MS-DOS), for about US$3000. Also included is Microsoft BASIC, VisiCalc, UCSD Pascal, CP/M-86, and Easywriter 1.0. A fully loaded version with color graphics costs US$6000. IBM announces the CGA graphics card for the PC, giving 640x200 resolution with 16 colors. 1983 Big machines: AT&T announces UNIX System V. AT&T Bell Labs designs C++. 1984 Apple Computer's Steve Jobs introduces the Apple Macintosh at the Flint Center of DeAnza College in Cupertino, California. The Macintosh uses the 8-MHz 32-bit Motorola 68000 CPU, built-in 9-inch B/W screen, 512x342 graphics, 400KB 3.5-inch floppy disk drive, mouse, 128KB RAM, and weighs 20 pounds. Price: US$2500.
Mike Scott is forced out as Apple Computer president. IBM PC IBM announces the IBM 5150 PC Personal Computer, in New York. The PC features a 4.77-MHz Intel 8088 CPU, 64KB RAM, 40KB ROM, one 5.25-inch floppy drive (160KB capacity), and PCDOS 1.0 (Microsoft's MS-DOS), for about US$3000. Also included is Microsoft BASIC, VisiCalc, UCSD Pascal, CP/M-86, and Easywriter 1.0. A fully loaded version with color graphics costs US$6000. IBM announces the CGA graphics card for the PC, giving 640x200 resolution with 16 colors. Microsoft as a main IBM PC software provider The MS-DOS, or Microsoft Disk Operating System, the basic software for the newly released IBM PC, established a long partnership between IBM and Microsoft, which Bill Gates and Paul Allen had founded only six years earlier Microsoft buys all rights to DOS from Seattle Computer Products, and the name MS-DOS is adopted. November
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