lowest point. Earlier portions of the story appear later as flashbacks. 4. Catalogs and geneaologies are given. These long lists of objects, places, and people place the finite action of the epic within a broader, universal context. Oftentimes, the poet is also paying homage to the ancestors of audience members. 5. Main characters give extended formal speeches. 6. Use of the epic simile. A standard simile is a comparison using "like" or "as." An epic or Homeric simile is a more involved, ornate comparison, extended in great detail. 7. Heavy use of repetition and stock phrases. The poet repeats passages that consist of several lines in various sections of the epic and uses homeric epithets, short, recurrent phrases used to describe people, places, or things. Both made the poem easier to memorize.
2 Motif - a dominant or recurring idea in an artistic work. Symbol - a thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material object representing something abstract. Allusion - an expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference. Simile - a figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind, used to make a description more emphatic or vivid (e.g. as brave as a lion ). Metaphor - a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable. Graphon - Intentional violation of the graphical shape of a word (or word combination) used to reflect its pronunciation
image) sustained (developed). semantically classified: better half" = wife) 2. ALLUSION 2. METONYMY metaphorical ("soft smile") 2. PUN 2. SIMILE reference to sth. known to reader; no source indicated. Function & transferred ("sleepless play on w-s
kahanevalt, vaibudes, nõrgenedes. Koos tempo aeglustumisega tähistatakse kahanevat helitugevust calando = vaibudes morendo = surres, jõudu kaotades,kustudes smorzando e smorz = hääbudes, kadudes, kustudes. assai = küllaltki, üsna meno = vähem molto = palju, väga non = mitte non troppo = mitte liiga, mitte ülemäära piu = enam, rohkem poco = pisut, veidi poco a poco = vähehaaval, järkjärgult poco piu = pisut enam simile = samamoodi, jätkuvalt, kestvalt subito = järsku, äkki, ootamatult Heli VÄLTUS on kuuldeorgani poolt tajutav võnkumise kestus. Vältusvaramu on muusikas kasutatavate helivältuste korrastatud kogu pms vältusastmik, mis on muusikas kasutatavate vältuste pikkusjärjestus, st helivältuste järjestus nende kasvava või kahaneva pikkuse järgi. Vältusastmik esitleb vaid helide vältussuhteid, nende suhtelist relatiivset vältust. Helide
genuine novelist. Ezra Pound, an American poet and critic, believes that one hears far too much about Dante's Hell, and far too little about the Purgatorio, and Paradiso. Pound wrote an essay called "Dante" in his book, The Spirit of Romance written in 1952. He explains how Hell is the state of man who has lost the good of his intelligence, a state of man dominated by his passions. (129) Pound believes that Dante's Inferno should be approached with a "sense of irony." His use of simile is carried throughout the Inferno and enhances the effect and meaning of his experience in Hell. While it is natural for man to think of Hell as a place, Pound understands it as a condition of man's mental state in life, continued after death. The tendency to see objects and qualities only in one dimension limiting and drawing the reader away from the true meaning of Dante's journey. Pound sees the Inferno as a satire on man's aimless turmoil and restlessness
Questions 171 Further reading 171 Part IV: The dark side 173 14 Metaphor 175 Overview 175 A philosophical bias 175 The issues, and two simple theories 176 Davidson's causal theory 177 The Naive Simile Theory 179 The Figurative Simile Theory 180 The Pragmatic Theory 183 Metaphor as analogical 187 Summary 189 Questions 190 Further reading 190 Notes 191 Glossary 201
nature of what is described. 4) Stylistic devices based on Circumlocution (a roundabout way to describe sth) Periphrasis--the use of a longer and differently worded description instead of a short, plain one (the fair sex--women) In original periphrasis, the writer expresses his subjective attitude in a new unexpected way (since the day I didn't have any front teeth yet) A periphrasis was an important feature of the Bible and Latin poetry to create elevated style. Simile--a figure of speech that draws comparison between 2 different things in 1 or more aspects. If two similar things are compared, it is not a simile (The moon is like a woman rising from a tomb). Similes have following elements: · like, as, as if (traditional) · negative forms (you are not so unkind as man's ingratitude) · degrees of comparison (he has no more idea of money than a cow) · an adverbial phrase containing prepositional phrase, answering question how
sequenced version that autumn. The US version featured a slightly different track listing, adding the aforementioned Bowie version of "Without You I'm Nothing" and the band's cover of Depeche Mode's "I Feel You". The recording spawned additional UK hits such as "Taste in Men" and "Slave to the Wage".[ Placebo encountered resistance from the British music industry upon release of the single "Special K" due to its reference of a ketamine high as a simile for love. The song was released in Australia as a single before eventually being made available in the UK as an EP featuring the B-sides and remixes that would have filled out a conventional two-disc single release. At the time the band claimed this was due to dissatisfaction with the two-disc single format, a claim somewhat undermined by their subsequent single releases all being made available in two-CD formats accompanied by a 7" vinyl.
name objects). Traditional periphrasis are not specific (e.g. "one's better half" = wife). In original periphrasis the author expresses his ideas in a new unexpected way. Periphrasis was an important part of the Bible, also of Latin poetry (16 th century) to create elevated style. The excessive use of periphrasis should not be favoured. 2. Simile (Lat. "like") is a figure of speech that draws comparison between 2 different things (e.g. "strange the moon seems: like a woman rising from a tomb." pale and quiet). When objects belonging to the same class are compared then we have comparison, not simile. Similes appear in the following forms (apart from "like / as / as if"): - in negative forms (e.g. "You are not so unkind as man's ingratitude.") - degrees of comparison (e.g
STYLISTIC TERMS: Understatement (nonce-words) Style Zeugma Common Coll. Voc. Stylistics Semantically false chain Special Coll. Voc.: The styl. of lg. Pun Slang The styl. of speech Periphrasis Jargon Denotation Simile Cant Connotation Euphemism Vulgarisms Inherent Personification Professional w. Adherent Bathos Dialectal w. Phonestheme Allusion Rhythm Expressive means Quotation Foot
Inflectional endings retained o Addendum, albumen, apex, area, bacterium/bacteria, cactus, calix, camera, cancer, circus, colossus, complex, data, discus, equilibrium, fauna, flora, formula, fungus, genius, genus, homunculus, honorarium, inertia, interim, latex, locus, medium/media, memorandum, momentum, onus, opera, ovum, pauper, pendulum, peninsula, propaganda, radium, referendum, series, simile, simplex, status, stimulus, terminus, vertigo, victor. Fixed phrases o ad hoc, a posteriori, de facto, de jure, extempore, (ex) post facto, post mortem, quid pro quo, sine die 5. Greek borrowings Christianity – The New Testament, Catholic Church o Abbot, angel, apostle, bishop Everyday words 2
•Can be used by many parts of one program or by parts of many programs Message Passing •The mechanism by which objects communicate •The object can accept or reject the message •From outside the object it appears to be active data •From inside the object the data is passive --the message tells the object what to do with the data Classes •A very basic concept in OOP •It is a template for creating actual, functioning objects of a given type •In some cases a class is an object •simile –A class is a blueprint or DNA for creating a cow. But – it is the actual cow that produces milk, not the cow class –All cows are made from the cow class Methods •Messages = Requests in avenue •A request is just that: a requestfor an object to do something. •Something ranges from changing properties (like gender) to doing something like copying itself or printing. •Properties are “things”in the object that can be changed. Instansion
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