systems, vessel traffic services, and any areas where marine environmental protection considerations apply; 2) the main elements to ensure safety of life at sea, safety and efficiency of navigation, and protection of the marine environment during the intended voyage or passage; such elements should include, but not be limited to: Planning 2.1) safe speed, having regard to the proximity of navigational hazards along the intended route or track, the manoeuvring characteristics of the vessel and its draught in relation to the available water depth; 2.2) necessary speed alterations en route, e.g., where there may be limitations because of night passage, tidal restrictions, or allowance for the increase of draught due to squat and heel effect when turning; 2.3) minimum clearance required under the keel in critical areas with restricted water depth; Planning 2.5) course alteration points, taking into
In the far north, however, the Frisians did not submit to a regional ruler but continued to obey their local headmen. The association of the Netherlands with the Holy Roman Empire remained largely nominal throughout the Middle Ages. Some trade was conducted with German coastal cities to the east, such as Bremen and Hamburg, but the major cultural influence came from France. (3) 2.4 The Renaissance Through marriage, war and political manoeuvring, most of the region comprising the present- day Netherlands, Utrecht, Noord-Brabant, and Gelderland -- came into the hands of the dukes of Bourgogne during the 15th and early 16th centuries. By 1519 this area was under the benevolent control of Holy Roman emperor Charles V, of the Spanish branch of the house of Habsburg, who was also king of Spain. In 1555, however, Charles resigned both Spain and the
the operational navigation display and so interacting with it; • Giving navigation and chart warnings such as "too close approach to safety contour"; "about to enter prohibited area"; "overscale display"; "more detailed (larger scale) data available" etc.; • Possibly, a diagrammatic representation of a computer evaluation of grounding danger; • Possibly, a diagrammatic representation of the immediate vicinity of the ship to aid in close quarters manoeuvring; and • Other future developments. (Further presentation requirements and techniques appropriate to ECDIS are likely to be developed in future). Probably no other display application is as demanding as that of ECDIS. Since colour is a prime means of distinguishing features, the maximum range of colours should be available. However, the colours selected must be such that they can be clearly discriminated by a mariner with no more than adequate colour vision, and colour
1. Set the blocking device on the main starting valve in the `BLOCKED' position. 2. Engage the turning gear. 3. Open the indicator cocks. 4. Close the inlet and outlet valves for cooling water. 5. Open the vent and drain cocks for cooling water. As soon as the cylinder cover has been emptied of water, close the drain cocks again. 6. Close the fuel oil inlet valve. 7. Shut off the control air and safety air supply before venting the manoeuvring system. VOCABULARY dismantle lahti võtma, lahti monteerima, demonteerima , set panema, asetama, paigutama, paigaldama , , blocking device blokeerimisseade, tõkesti / main starting valve peakäivitusklapp engage (sisse)lülitama, hambumisse viima , turning gear võllipööramisseade inlet valve sisselaskeklapp outlet valve väljalaskeklapp
manifold. bay provided the radiator and certain other 2A 43 Disconnect the lead at the anti-run-on 49 Disconnect the following electrical ancillary components are removed first to give valve solenoid on the carburettor. connections: room for manoeuvring. These are detailed in 44 Disconnect the throttle cable (Chapter 4, a) Cooling fan thermal switch on thermostat the removal procedure. Part A). housing (see illustration). 35 Before commencing work it will be 45 Disconnect the choke cable (Chapter 4, b) Coolant temperature sender (see necessary to make up two lifting eyes from 1/4" Part A)
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